外刊原文及参考译文

20240101联合国秘书长古特雷斯2024年新年致辞

Rebuild trust and restore hope in 2024: UN chief's call

From: United Nations

United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres has called for global unity to make 2024 a year for “building trust and hope” following the immense suffering, violence, and climate chaos that characterized 2023.

联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯（António Guterres）呼吁全球团结起来，在经历了2023年的巨大苦难、暴力和气候混乱之后，让2024年成为“建立信任和希望”的一年。

“Humanity is strongest when we stand together. 2024 must be a year for rebuilding trust and restoring hope,” expressed Mr. Guterres in his New Year's message.

古特雷斯在新年贺词中表示：“当我们团结一致时，人类才是最强大的。2024年必须是重建信任和重燃希望的一年。”

“Let's resolve to make 2024 a year of building trust and hope in all that we can accomplish together,” he urged, concluding with warm wishes for a happy and peaceful New Year.

“让我们下定决心，使2024年成为建立信任的一年，并对我们能够共同实现的一切充满希望，”他敦促道，并在最后祝愿大家新年快乐、祥和安定。

Humanity in pain, planet in peril 人类陷入困苦，地球岌岌可危

In his message, the UN chief reflected on the pain and suffering afflicting humanity.

联合国秘书长在致辞中回顾了人类遭受的痛苦和磨难。

Conflicts persist, claiming tens of thousands of civilian lives, many of them women and children. Millions have been driven from their homes, facing hunger and disease.

冲突持续不断，夺走了数万平民的生命，其中许多是妇女和儿童。数百万人被迫离开家园，面临饥饿和疾病的困扰。

At the same time, “the planet is peril”, Mr. Guterres said, marked by record-breaking temperatures and worsening impacts of climate change.

与此同时，古特雷斯表示，“地球岌岌可危”，这一点从气温屡创新高、气候变化影响日益严重中显而易见。

“2023 has been a year of enormous suffering, violence, and climate chaos […] 2023 is the hottest year on record; people are getting crushed by growing poverty and hunger; wars are growing in number and ferocity,” noted the Secretary-General.

“2023年是充满苦难、暴力和气候混乱的一年……2023年是有记录以来最热的一年；人们被日益严重的贫困和饥饿压垮；战争增加且愈演愈烈，”秘书长指出。

‘We must come together' “我们必须团结起来”

Mr. Guterres highlights the scarcity of trust and emphasized that “pointing fingers and pointing guns lead nowhere.”

古特雷斯强调信任缺失，并指出“横加指责、以枪口威逼是毫无益处的”。

“Humanity is strongest when we stand together […] We must come together across divides for shared solutions – for climate action, for economic opportunity and a fairer global financial system that delivers for all,” said Mr. Guterres.

古特雷斯说：“我们必须跨越分歧，团结起来，寻求共同的解决方案。为了气候行动。为了经济机遇，为了一个能为所有人提供服务、更公平的全球金融体系。”

Addressing discrimination and hatred poisoning relations between countries and communities, he stressed the importance of ensuring that new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, serve as forces for good.

他谈到打击毒化国家和社区间关系的歧视和仇恨问题，也强调确保人工智能等新技术成为向善力量的重要性。

“The United Nations will keep rallying the world for peace, sustainable development and human rights,” affirmed the UN chief.

联合国秘书长申明：“联合国将继续团结全世界，促进和平、可持续发展和人权。”

“Let's resolve to make 2024 a year of building trust and hope in all that we can accomplish together.”

“让我们下定决心，使2024年成为建立信任的一年，并对我们能够共同实现的一切充满希望。”

20240102李在明遇袭

South Korean Opposition Leader Lee Attacked During Busan Visit

From: VOA

South Korean opposition leader and former presidential candidate Lee Jae-myung was stabbed in the neck by a man pretending to be a supporter, during a visit to the southeastern port city of Busan on Tuesday.

韩国在野党领袖、前总统候选人李在明星期二（1月2日）访问东南港口城市釜山时，被一名假扮成李在明支持者的男子刺伤颈部。

Lee was meeting with reporters at the construction site of a new airport when a man approached, asking for an autograph, according to media reports. Videos posted online showed Lee smiling shortly before the man plunged a large knife into the left side of his neck.

据媒体报道，当时李在明在一个新机场施工现场接受记者采访。网上发布的视频显示，李在明面带微笑，随后被该男子刺中左颈部。

His condition is unknown. Pictures showed him lying on the ground, with his eyes closed and mouth open, while those around him applied pressure to the wound. South Korean media report that Lee was conscious while being transported to the hospital.

目前他的情况不明。照片显示李在明躺在地上，双眼紧闭、嘴巴微开，周围的人压住他脖子上的伤口试图止血。据韩国媒体报道，李在明被送往医院时意识清醒。

A male suspect was arrested at the scene, according to reports. There is no word on a motive.

据报道，警方当场逮捕了该男子袭击者。目前尚不清楚作案动机。

Lee is the head of South Korea's main opposition Democratic Party. A liberal, Lee narrowly lost a 2022 presidential vote to conservative South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol.

李在明是韩国主要反对党共同民主党的党首。他在2022年总统选举时，以微弱差距输给了保守派的现任总统尹锡悦。

Lee, 59, is a polarizing figure in South Korean politics. In September, he ended a 24-day hunger strike to protest what he saw as the failed policies of his rival, Yoon.

59岁的李在明在韩国政界是一位引起两极分化的人物。去年9月，他结束了24天的绝食抗议，抗议是为了反对他所认为的对手尹锡悦失败的政策。

Last year, South Korean prosecutors indicted Lee on corruption-related charges, including those related to a property development scandal. He avoided jail after a court rejected a warrant for his arrest.

去年，韩国检察官以贪污等相关罪名对李在明提起诉讼，其中包括一起土地开发的丑闻。不过法院驳回他的逮捕令，使他避免入狱。

Lee is known for his populist policies. As a former mayor of Gyeonggi, South Korea's most populous province that surrounds Seoul, Lee advocated a form of universal basic income, in which citizens were to receive regular payments of money from the government.

李在明以其民粹主义政策而闻名，他曾担任京畿道知事、京畿道城南市市长。京畿道为首尔周边人口最多的行政区域。他倡导实施“全民基本收入”，即全民皆可从政府那里定期无条件取得收入。

In a statement, Yoon's office expressed “deep concern” about Lee's safety and called for a quick investigation into the incident. He also said South Korean society should not tolerate such violent acts.

尹锡悦办公室在一份声明中对李在明的安危表示“深切担忧”，并呼吁尽快对事件展开调查。他还说，韩国社会不应容忍此类暴力行为。

Political violence in South Korea has been rare in recent decades, though attacks have occasionally occurred.

近几十年来，韩国很少发生政治暴力事件，但袭击事件偶有发生。

In 2022, Song Young-gil, then Democratic Party leader, was attacked by an elderly man with a hammer while campaigning just two days before the election.

2022年，时任韩国共同民主党代表宋永吉也在一次公开活动遭到袭击，当时袭击者用钝器数次击打他的头部，造成流血受伤。

In 2006, former conservative party leader Park Geun-hye, who would later become president, was attacked by a man with a box cutter at a rally in Seoul.

2006年，时任保守派反对党领袖、后来出任总统的朴槿惠在一次活动中曾遭到持刀袭击，脸部遭到严重刺伤。

20240103丹麦女王宣布将退位

Danish Queen Margrethe announces surprise abdication after 52 years on the throne

From: CNN

In a surprise move Denmark's Queen Margrethe II has announced she will abdicate her role early in 2024, after a reign lasting more than five decades.

丹麦女王玛格丽特二世（Margrethe II）突然宣布，在执政50多年后，她将于2024年初退位。

Margrethe, 83, will hand over the throne to her son, Crown Prince Frederik, she said in her traditional New Year's Eve speech broadcast on Danish television.

现年83岁的玛格丽特女王在丹麦电视台播出的常规新年前夕致辞中表示，她将把王位传给她的儿子，王储弗雷德里克（Frederik）。

She cited a back surgery in February 2023 as giving her thoughts about the future.

她提到2023年2月接受背部手术的经历，让她对未来有了思考。

“In two weeks time I have been Queen of Denmark for 52 years,” she said.

“再过两周，我当丹麦女王就满52年了，”她说。

“Such an amount will leave its mark on anybody – also on me! The time takes its toll, and the number of ‘ailments' increases. One cannot undertake as much as one managed in the past,” she added.

“这漫长的岁月在每个人身上都会留下痕迹，我亦不例外。岁月悠悠，随之而来的‘伤病’也日益增多。不可否认，随着时间的流逝，我们所能承受的也在悄然减少，”她补充道。

“In February this year I underwent extensive back surgery,” she said. “Everything went well, thanks to the competent health personnel, who took care of me. Inevitably, the operation gave cause to thoughts about the future – whether now would be an appropriate time to pass on the responsibility to the next generation.

“今年2月，我接受了大范围的背部手术，”她说。“手术非常成功，这都归功于那些技艺高超、关怀备至的医护人员。这场手术无疑引发了我对未来的种种思考，让我审视是否现在是时候，将重担交由年轻一代。”

“I have decided that now is the right time,” she said.

“我已经决定，现在是合适的时机了，”她说。

“On 14^th January, 2024 – 52 years after I succeeded my beloved father – I will step down as Queen of Denmark. I will hand over the throne to my son Crown Prince Frederik.

“2024年1月14日，正好是接替我敬爱的父亲52年后的那一天，我将告别丹麦女王的宝座。届时，我将把王位传给我的儿子——皇储弗雷德里克。”

Queen Margrethe II took over the throne on 14 January 1972 following the death of King Frederik IX.

1972年1月14日，丹麦国王弗雷德里克九世（King Frederik IX）去世后，玛格丽特二世继承了王位。

After the death of Britain's Queen Elizabeth II last year Margrethe became the longest-serving monarch in Europe.

在英国女王伊丽莎白二世（Queen Elizabeth II）去年去世后，玛格丽特女王成为了欧洲在位时间最长的君主。

Prince Frederik will take over the throne as His Majesty King Frederik X in January, the Danish Prime Minister's office said in a statement.

丹麦首相办公室在一份声明中表示，弗雷德里克王子将于1月份接替王位，成为弗雷德里克十世国王陛下。

His wife, Australian-born Princess Mary, will become Queen Consort - the first Australian to ever ascend to the role.

他的妻子、出生于澳大利亚的玛丽公主将成为王后，她将是有史以来第一位登上王后宝座的澳大利亚人。

The couple famously met in a Sydney bar during the 2000 Olympics and her admirers watched from afar as she joined the ranks of the Danish royals.

他们两人于2000年奥运会期间在悉尼的一家酒吧里相遇，自那以后，她的爱慕者们则远远地望着她加入丹麦王室的行列。

Princess Mary's rise to the throne will ensure a large audience for the ceremony from her former home in Hobart, Tasmania, where she worked as a real estate sales executive before meeting the prince.

玛丽王后的加冕礼，将会吸引大量来自其老家塔斯马尼亚州霍巴特的观众，在遇到王子之前，她曾在那里担任房地产销售主管。

On January 14, after a meeting in the Council of State, the Prime Minister will proclaim the change of throne at Christiansborg Castle.

2024年1月14日，丹麦国务委员会举行会议后，首相将在克里斯蒂安堡宫宣布王位更迭。

The Queen will continue to be titled as Her Majesty following the handover.

退位之后，玛格丽特女王仍将被尊称为陛下。

Denmark's royals have a limited role under the country's constitution, with power resting with parliament. Monarchs play an important ambassadorial role as well as signing off on new legislation.

根据丹麦宪法，丹麦王室的职责有限，权力属于议会。丹麦君主在对外关系上扮演重要的角色，并负责签署新的立法。

Margrethe has throughout her life enjoyed broad support from Danes, Reuters reports.

据路透社报道，玛格丽特女王一生都受到丹麦人的爱戴。

20240104哈尔滨怎么就火了

China unveils world's biggest ice CITY filled with vast frozen skyscrapers in area as big as 300 football pitches

From: The Sun

Visitors have been flocking from far and wide to visit the world's largest ice and snow festival dubbed "Disneyland on ice".

各地游客纷至沓来，慕名游览这个被誉为“冰雪迪士尼乐园”的世界最大冰雪节（注：此处应该指2023年12月18日开园的哈尔滨冰雪大世界；哈尔滨国际冰雪节将于2024年1月5日开幕）。

This is China's Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival - a family friendly, fun-filled dream land filled with intricately designed, award winning ice sculptures.

这就是中国的哈尔滨国际冰雪节——一个适合全家出游、充满欢乐的梦幻乐园，到处都是精细雕琢、屡获殊荣的冰雕作品。

Although its 18 million annual visitors are treated to masses of ice sculptures throughout Harbin City, Sun Island and Ice and Snow World, are the two main areas.

尽管每年有1800万游客涌向哈尔滨市观赏大量冰雕，但太阳岛和冰雪大世界是两大主要展区。

Ice and Snow World area is largely open at night, and features illuminated, to-scale, ice skyscrapers.

冰雪大世界主要在夜间开放，以多彩灯光、等比例制作的冰雕摩天大楼为特色。

In 2014, one snow sculptor recreated New York's Empire State Building, and in 2018 a 101ft ice tower in the shape of a flamenco dancer's dress was installed.

2014年，一位雪雕师将纽约帝国大厦重现于此，2018年，则有一座101英尺高的冰塔，其外形像是弗拉门戈舞者的裙裾。

On the other side of the river, Sun Island is open throughout the day and features a range of gigantic snow sculptures.

在江对岸，太阳岛全天开放，设有各种巨型雪雕。

In 2007, this exhibition area famously featured one of the Guinness World Record holder for the world's largest snow sculpture.

2007年，太阳岛展出了一座获得吉尼斯世界纪录、世界上最大的雪雕而闻名。

The icy beast was 820ft long, 28ft tall, and used over 42,000 cubric feet of snow.

这座雪雕长820英尺，高28英尺，用雪量超过42000立方英尺。

It was comprised of two parts, a recreation of the Niagara Falls, and the Bering Strait crossing.

它由两部分组成，再现了尼亚加拉瀑布和穿越白令海峡。

Throughout Harbin City there is also an ice lantern exhibition, and the option to participate in winter sports like alpine skiing, winter-swimming, and ice biking.

在哈尔滨各地还有冰灯展览，以及各种冬季运动，包括高山滑雪、冬泳和冰上自行车等。

Or, visitors can lose themselves in ice mazes, shoot down ice slides, and have a full-blown snowball war.

此外，游客还可以在冰雪迷宫中徜徉，从冰滑梯上飞驰而下，或进行一场激烈的雪球大战。

This year, they've also added a towering snowflake ferris wheel - so that visitors can take in the entirety of this impressive winter wonderland from the air.

今年，更是有了一个新的亮点——高耸的雪花摩天轮，游客可以从空中俯瞰整个壮观的冬季仙境。

The festival has established itself as one of the best winter celebrations worldwide, and has been pulling in an estimated 28.7 billion yuan (£3.2 billion) per year.

冰雪节已成为全球最佳冬季庆祝活动之一，每年收入约为287亿元人民币（32亿英镑）。

Each inch of this winter wonderland is carefully curated from the icy surface of the Songhua River.

这个冬季仙境的每一处冰雕景观的冰都是从松花江冰面上精心挑选出来的。

Swing saws are used to carve the ice into blocks, and each block weights hundreds of kilograms.

人们用摆式锯把冰切成块状，每块重达数百公斤。

They need industrial hooks to be lifted out of the river, are then individually dragged to the shore, where forklifts load them onto an army of trucks who take them to Harbin Ice and Snow World.

然后利用工业吊钩从江中吊起，一块块拖到岸边，再由叉车将其装载到卡车上，运往哈尔滨冰雪大世界。

Ice sculptors then use a variety of smaller saws, chisels, and ice picks to carve out their masterpieces.

然后，冰雕师们会使用各种较小的锯子、凿子和冰镐来雕刻出他们的杰作。

Many work night and day to prepare their sculptures in time for the festival.

许多人夜以继日地工作，为冰雪节的到来做好准备。

A wide range of techniques are used - like adding deionised water to produce ice as clear as glass, or placing multicolored lights within the art to delight festival goers at night.

他们会运用各种技术，比如加入去离子水来制作像玻璃一样透明的冰雕，或者在冰雕作品上安装多彩的灯光，让节日的夜晚变得绚丽多彩。

One travel guide said: "I've always had a difficult time with winter, or at least the idea of it.

有人在旅游指南中提到：“我总是很难忍受冬天，或者至少一想到冬天就难受。”

"I've associated winter with trauma and misery, irrespective of how I physically react to the cold, and have gone to great lengths to deny its very existence.

“不管我的身体对寒冷有什么反应，我都会把冬天与创伤和痛苦联系在一起，并极力否认它的存在。”

"At age 30, I traveled to one of the coldest places on the planet, completely on my own free will.

“30岁那年，我完全靠着自由意志，去了地球上最寒冷的地方之一。”

"It was a surreal, magical experience—and not just because it broke one of my life's most debilitating existential barriers.

“那是一次超现实而奇妙的经历——不仅仅是因为它打破了我人生中最令人沮丧的生存性障碍之一。”

"Exploring China's Harbin Ice and Snow Festival brought me indescribable joy.

“探索中国哈尔滨冰雪节给我带来了难以言表的喜悦之情。”

"Three days here made up for all the 'winter wonderland' magic I've missed most of the rest of my life and, believe it or not, it's even made me eager to explore more wintry destinations."

“在这里度过的三天弥补了我这辈子错过的所有‘冬日仙境’魅力，不管你信不信，它甚至让我对更多冬日目的地产生了向往。”

Harbin is located in northeast China and has a cold climate due to its proximity to Siberia, with annual lows of -35 degrees not uncommon.

哈尔滨位于中国东北部，由于靠近西伯利亚，气候严寒，每年零下35度的低温并不少见。

The festival originated half a century ago, in 1963, as part of Harbin's traditional ice lantern show, but quite quickly expanded into what it is today.

这个节日起源于半个世纪前的1963年，是哈尔滨传统冰灯展的一部分，但很快就发展成今天的样子。

On average, the festival has covered more than 2 million square feet and makes use of over 900,000 cubic feet of snow and ice.

平均而言，活动占地200多万平方英尺，冰雪用量超过90万立方英尺。

The festival opened on the 17^th of December with its grand opening ceremony, and although it has no closing date the ice tends to melt in March.

冰雪节于12月17日举行盛大的开幕式，虽然没有闭幕日期，但冰往往会在三月份融化。

20240105爱泼斯坦文件牵出霍金

What the unsealed Jeffrey Epstein documents say — and don't say — about Stephen Hawking

From: Business Insider

There's been a lot of chatter about Stephen Hawking's name appearing in the newly unsealed Jeffrey Epstein documents — but has the renowned physicist been accused of anything?

关于霍金的名字出现在新近公开的杰弗里·爱泼斯坦（Jeffrey Epstein）文件中的消息已经传得沸沸扬扬——但这位著名的物理学家是否真的受到了什么指控呢？

Not according to the documents released so far.

根据目前公布的文件来看，并没有。

A New York federal judge unsealed the names of about 170 of the sex offender's associates in court documents that were publicly released on Wednesday — and the famed physicist's name shows up twice.

纽约联邦法官在周三公开的法庭文件中公开了大约170名与性犯罪者爱泼斯坦有关联的人物名单，著名物理学家霍金的名字出现了两次。

The most surprising time Hawking's name comes up is in an email Epstein sent to his associate Ghislaine Maxwell, convicted of sex trafficking, in 2015.

对于出现霍金的名字，最令人惊讶的是在爱泼斯坦于2015年发给他的同伙吉斯莱恩·麦克斯韦尔（Ghislaine Maxwell）的一封电子邮件中，后者因性贩卖已被定罪。

In the typo-ridden email, Epstein tells Maxwell to offer to pay anyone for information disproving a purported allegation from the Epstein accuser Virginia Giuffre that Hawking was part of an "underage orgy."

在这封错字百出的电子邮件中，爱泼斯坦告诉麦克斯韦尔，如果有人能提供信息，推翻爱泼斯坦的指控者弗吉尼亚·朱弗雷（Virginia Giuffre）所谓的霍金参与了“未成年人狂欢”的指控，他将向其支付报酬。

"You can issue a reward to any of virginias friends acquaionts family that come forward and help prove her allegations are false," Epstein wrote in the email. "The strongest is the clinton dinner, and the new version in the virgin isalnds that stven hawking partica-ted in an underage orgy."

“你可以悬赏弗吉尼亚·朱弗雷的朋友和家人站出来帮助证明她的指控是假的，”爱泼斯坦在邮件中写道。“最有力的是克林顿晚宴，以及维尔京群岛的新传闻，说史蒂芬·霍金参与了未成年人狂欢。”

Hawking did once visit Epstein's private Caribbean island for a conference in 2006, months before the financier was first charged with child sex offenses, The Independent reported.

据《独立报》（The Independent）报道，2006年，霍金确实曾前往爱泼斯坦位于加勒比海的私人岛屿参加会议，几个月后，金融大亨爱泼斯坦首次被指控性侵儿童。

The Independent reported Hawking even got a ride on a customized submarine.

《独立报》报道称，霍金甚至乘坐了一艘定制的潜水艇。

He and other theoretical physicists were attending a conference on gravity on a nearby island — a gathering that Epstein bankrolled, the outlet reported.

据该媒体报道，他和其他理论物理学家当时在附近的一个岛屿参加一场关于引力的会议，爱泼斯坦资助了这次会议。

Hawking hasn't been publicly accused of sexual misconduct involving Epstein. And the unsealed documents, from a civil lawsuit Giuffre filed against Maxwell in 2016, do not include any such allegations from Giuffre.

霍金尚未被公开指控参与爱泼斯坦相关不当性行为。而这些公开的文件来自2016年弗吉尼亚·朱弗雷对麦克斯韦尔提起的民事诉讼，其中并没有提及弗吉尼亚·朱弗雷对霍金的任何此类指控。

As for the reference to former President Bill Clinton in that email, the documents showed that a victim of Epstein testified in a deposition that the financier once remarked that the former president "likes them young."

至于在电子邮件中提到前总统比尔·克林顿（Bill Clinton），文件显示，爱泼斯坦的一名受害人在证词中作证说，这位金融大亨曾说过，前总统“喜欢年轻的”。

The documents also showed that Giuffre denied ever flying to Epstein's private island with Clinton, contradicting media reports.

文件还显示，弗吉尼亚·朱弗雷否认曾与克林顿一起飞往爱泼斯坦的私人岛屿，这与媒体报道相矛盾。

Hawking's name appears only one other time in the filing, in a list. Maxwell's attorneys are asking Giuffre whether she has pictures of the people on that list.

除此之外，霍金的名字在文件中还出现了一次，是在一份名单中。麦克斯韦尔的律师询问弗吉尼亚·朱弗雷是否有名单上那些人的照片。

The Stephen Hawking Estate did not immediately respond to Business Insider's request for comment.

斯蒂芬·霍金遗产管理处没有立即回应《商业内幕》（Business Insider）的置评请求。

The release is just the first batch of documents, with more expected to come out.

此次公开的只是第一批文件，预计还有更多文件陆续公开。

Hawking died in 2018 after a lifelong battle with ALS. Epstein killed himself in prison in 2019 while awaiting trial. Maxwell was sentenced in 2022 to 20 years in prison for trafficking minors.

霍金终生与渐冻症抗争，于2018年去世。爱泼斯坦在等待审判期间于2019年在狱中自杀。麦克斯韦尔因贩卖未成年人于2022年被判处20年监禁。

20240106《繁花》你觉得怎么样？

Wong Kar-wai's Blossoms Shanghai TV show: what to expect, how true it stays to the novel it's based on – and how fans are reacting

From: SCMP

Hong Kong film director Wong Kar-wai's first television series, Blossoms Shanghai, will begin airing on December 27.

香港电影导演王家卫的首部电视剧《繁花》将于12月27日开播。

The 30-episode period drama – which has been six years in the making – is adapted from a 2012 novel of the same name by Jin Yucheng, which won the 9^th Mao Dun Literature Prize in 2015 and is written in Shanghainese.

该剧共30集，制作了六年，改编自金宇澄2012年创作的同名小说，该小说于2015年获得第九届茅盾文学奖且是用上海话创作的。

Set in Shanghai in the 1990s, the romantic drama revolves around a young man, Abao (played by Hu Ge), who rises from humble beginnings to become a successful entrepreneur in the space of 10 years.

该爱情剧背景设定在上世纪90年代的上海，围绕着年轻人阿宝（胡歌饰演）的故事展开。十年间，他从平凡中崛起，成为成功的企业家。

Along the way, he receives help from allies such as Ling Zi ( Ma Yili), Miss Wang (Tiffany Tang), and Uncle Ye (You Benchang) and faces off against rivals such as Li Li (Xin Zhilei) in his quest to expand his business empire.

一路上，他得到了玲子（马伊琍饰演）、汪小姐（唐嫣饰演）和爷叔（游本昌饰演）等盟友的帮助，并在扩张商业帝国的过程中与李李（辛芷蕾饰演）等对手展开了激烈的竞争。

Jin wrote Blossoms Shanghai in the hope it would help dispel stereotypes about Shanghai and help readers understand its culture. Blossoms Shanghai will be aired in two versions: one in Shanghainese on Tencent's WeTV and one dubbed into Putonghua, the official language of China, on the CCTV 8 network.

金宇澄创作《繁花》的初衷是希望通过这部作品消除人们对上海的刻板印象，帮助读者了解上海文化。《繁花》将以两种版本播出：一种是在腾讯视频上用上海话播出，另一种是在央视八台上用中国官方语言普通话配音播出。

Staying true to the novel's distinctive local flavour, the television series' leads were all born and raised in Shanghai and a lot of the dialogue is in Shanghainese. Much effort was also made to recreate the look and feel of 1990s Shanghai.

为了忠实于这部小说独特的上海风味，该剧的主演都是在上海出生和长大的，很多台词都是用上海话进行的。此外，剧组还努力重现了20世纪90年代的上海风貌。

In August 2020, the television crew posted a newspaper notice seeking everyday household objects from the period 1976 to 1995, along with stories behind them.

2020年8月，剧组在报纸上刊登了一则寻物启事，征集1976年至1995年期间的日常家用物品及其背后的故事。

According to the crew's official Weibo account, the search received a nationwide response and they were sent everything from newspapers to cigarette lighters to sewing machines – even a car.

根据剧组的官方微博账号，这一寻物活动得到了全国各地的响应，他们收到了从报纸到打火机、缝纫机甚至汽车等各种物品。

Some of these items had interesting family histories, which were shared on Weibo, a Chinese microblogging platform.

其中一些物品背后蕴含着有趣的家族历史，在中国微博平台上分享了出来。

In typical Wong Kar-wai style, the show's filming took three years to complete; the director is well known for being very particular about each and every shot, often requiring actors to perform a scene 10 or more times. He likewise spent five years filming his 2004 film 2046 and three years on 2013 movie The Grandmaster.

该剧的拍摄历时三年，是典型的王家卫风格；众所周知，王家卫导演对每一个镜头要求都非常严格，一个场景往往要求演员反复表演10次甚至更多次。他同样花了五年时间拍摄了2004年的电影《2046》，花了三年时间拍摄了2013年的电影《一代宗师》。

At a recent promotional event, when the cast was asked to name a reason people ought to watch the series, actress Ma said: “I hope you can see our growth in this drama, and you can see the changes over time on our faces.”

在最近的一次宣传活动中，当要求演员们说出人们应该观看这部电视剧的理由时，演员马伊琍说：“希望你们能看到我们的成长，能在我们脸上看到岁月的变迁。”

Three trailers for Blossoms Shanghai have been released teasing the mysterious relationships between Abao and the three main female characters.

《繁花》的三支预告片已经发布，透露了阿宝和三位女主角之间的神秘关系。

Hu Ge has used three different metaphors – “the sky and the sea”, “the second hand and minute hand” on a watch, and “ Sun Wukong and Zhu Bajie” from the Chinese literary classic Journey to the West – to describe his character's relationships with Li Li, Miss Wang and Ling Zi.

胡歌用三个不同的比喻——“天空和大海”、“手表上的秒针和分针”以及中国文学经典《西游记》中的“孙悟空和猪八戒”来形容他饰演的角色与李李、汪小姐和玲子的关系。

Each trailer teases a different part of the series: the first focuses on Abao before his success, while the second depicts “Mr Bao” as an influential businessman. In the final trailer, Wong offers a broader look at the era of the drama.

每支预告片都呈现了该剧的不同部分：第一支聚焦于阿宝成功之前，而第二支将“宝总”刻画成一个有影响力的商人。在最后一支预告片中，王家卫对该剧的时代进行了更广泛的描绘。

He explained: “In addition to Abao's personal struggle, his transformation is also inseparable from his era. We hope this trailer can show the vitality, passion, joy, and sorrow of countless people like Abao during that time period.”

他解释说：“阿宝的华丽转身，除了他个人的奋斗，还需要时代的加持。我们希望这支预告片能够展现出那个时代，无数个阿宝的生命力，激情澎湃，悲喜交集。”

Many internet users have said they have high expectations of Blossoms Shanghai. One fan posting on YouTube-like Chinese video platform Bilibili expressed their excitement that a show like this “is finally on the air”.

许多网友表示，他们对《繁花》抱有很高的期望。一位粉丝在中国视频平台Bilibili（类似YouTube）上发帖，表达了他们对该剧“终于开播”的兴奋之情。

Another post reads: “I want to watch the Shanghainese version, although I don't understand it. I really like the local features.”

另一条帖子写道：“我想看上海话版，虽然我听不懂，但我真的很喜欢当地特色。”

20240107研究发现内脏脂肪越多大脑越小

Abdominal Fat Linked to Lower Brain Volume in Midlife

From: Medscape

New research provides strong evidence of an association between abdominal fat and reduced brain volumes, particularly those involved with cognitive function.

新研究有力地证明了腹部脂肪与脑容量减少之间存在关联，尤其是与认知功能相关的区域。

In large study of healthy middle-aged adults, greater visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat on abdominal MRI predicted brain atrophy on imaging, especially in women.

在一项针对健康中年人的大规模研究中，核磁共振成像观察到的内脏脂肪和腹部皮下脂肪越多，其脑萎缩越严重，且在女性中更为显著。

"The study shows that excess fat is bad for the brain and worse in women, including in Alzheimer's disease risk regions," lead author Cyrus Raji, MD, PhD, with the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, told Medscape Medical News.

该项研究的第一作者、密苏里州圣路易斯华盛顿大学马林克罗特放射学研究所（Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology）赛勒斯·拉吉博士（Cyrus Raji）在接受Medscape医学新闻采访时表示，“这项研究表明，过多的脂肪对大脑有害，对女性更有害，包括阿尔茨海默病风险区域。”

The study was published online August 28 in the journal Aging and Disease.

该研究于8月28日在《衰老与疾病》（Aging and Disease）期刊上在线发表。

Modifiable Risk Factor 可调整的风险因素

Multiple studies have suggested a connection between body fat accumulation and increased dementia risk. But few have examined the relationship between types of fat (visceral and subcutaneous) and brain volume.

多项研究表明，体内脂肪堆积与痴呆风险增加之间存在关联。但很少有人研究过脂肪类型（内脏脂肪和皮下脂肪）与脑容量之间的关系。

For the new study, 10,000 healthy adults aged 20-80 years (mean age, 52.9 years; 53% men) underwent a short whole-body MRI protocol. Regression analyses of abdominal fat types and normalized brain volumes were evaluated, controlling for age and sex.

在这项新研究中，10,000名20-80岁的健康成年人（平均年龄52.9岁；53%为男性）接受了简短的全身核磁共振成像检查。在控制年龄和性别的情况下，对腹部脂肪类型和标准化脑容量进行了回归分析。

The research team found that higher amounts of both visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat predicted lower total gray and white matter volume, as well as lower volume in the hippocampus, frontal cortex, and temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes.

研究团队发现，内脏脂肪和腹部皮下脂肪含量越高，预示着灰质和白质越少，海马体、额叶、颞叶、顶叶和枕叶的体积也越小。

"The findings are quite dramatic," Raji told Medscape Medical News. "Overall, we found that both subcutaneous and visceral fat has similar levels of negative relationships with brain volumes."

拉吉博士表示：“研究结果非常引人注目。总体而言，我们发现皮下脂肪和内脏脂肪与脑容量的负相关程度相似。”

Women had a higher burden of brain atrophy with increased visceral fat than men. However, it's difficult to place the sex differences in context due to the lack of prior work specifically investigating visceral fat, brain volume loss, and sex differences, the researchers caution.

内脏脂肪增加时，女性出现脑萎缩的风险高于男性。不过，研究人员提醒说，由于此前缺乏专门研究内脏脂肪、脑容量减少和性别差异的工作，因此很难将性别差异放在此背景下进行分析。

They also note that while statistically significant relationships were observed between visceral fat levels and gray matter volume changes, their effect sizes were generally small.

他们还指出，虽然观察到内脏脂肪水平与灰质体积变化之间的关系在统计学上具有显著性，但其影响通常较小。

Other limitations include the cross-sectional nature of the study, which precludes conclusions about causality. The analysis also did not account for other lifestyle factors such as physical activity, diet, and genetic variables.

其他局限性包括该研究属于横断面研究，无法得出因果关系的结论。分析也没有考虑到其他生活方式因素，如体育活动、饮食和遗传等。

The researchers call for further investigation "to better elucidate underlying mechanisms and discover possible interventions targeting abdominal fat reduction as a strategy to maintain brain health."

研究人员呼吁进行深入研究，“以更好地阐明潜在的机制，并发现可能的干预措施，以减少腹部脂肪为目标，作为维持大脑健康的策略。”

20240108马斯克回应吸毒传闻

Elon Musk's 'unhinged' behaviour raised concerns about drug use among SpaceX executives: WSJ

From: The Independent

SpaceX executives have begun wondering whether the “unhinged” behaviour of the company's founder — Elon Musk — has been driven by drugs, according to a report.

据报道，SpaceX公司的高管们已开始怀疑公司创始人埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）的“精神错乱”行为是否是由毒品引起的。

The Wall Street Journal reported that Mr Musk has used LSD, cocaine, ecstasy and psychedelic mushrooms — typically at parties, for years. Some unnamed sources who told the Journal about Mr Musk's alleged drug use have apparently attended parties with him, where they sign non-disclosure agreements or ditch their phones before entry.

《华尔街日报》（The Wall Street Journal）报道称，多年来，马斯克一直在吸食迷幻剂、可卡因、摇头丸和迷幻蘑菇，尤其是在聚会上。一些不愿透露姓名的消息人士向《华尔街日报》透露了马斯克先生涉嫌吸毒的情况，他们显然与马斯克一起参加过聚会，并签署了保密协议，或者不带手机入场。

The paper previously reported that the world's wealthiest person takes ketamine — a drug which Mr Musk himself described on X as sometimes “a better option” for treating depression than SSRIs.

该报此前曾报道，全球首富马斯克服用过氯胺酮——马斯克本人在X平台上称，这种药物有时是治疗抑郁症的“更好选择”，比SSRI类药物更有效。

Individuals close to Mr Musk told the Journal that they fear his drug use could be damaging to his health and his many businesses.

与马斯克关系密切的人士告诉《华尔街日报》，他们担心马斯克吸毒可能会对其健康和众多业务造成不良影响。

The SpaceX founder previously was criticised by NASA, with whom SpaceX works, after videos surfaced of Mr Musk smoking marijuana and drinking whiskey on Joe Rogan's podcast in 2018. Since the company has a contract with the government agency, it has to adhere to a federal drug-free workplace policy.

2018年，在乔·罗根（Joe Rogan）的播客节目中，马斯克吸食大麻和喝威士忌的视频曝光后，这位SpaceX公司创始人曾受到与SpaceX公司有合作的美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的批评。由于SpaceX公司与NASA签订了合同，因此必须遵守联邦无毒品工作场所的政策。

Mr Musk took to X to respond to the paper's claims, writing: “After that one puff with Rogan, I agreed, at NASA's request, to do 3 years of random drug testing. Not even trace quantities were found of any drugs or alcohol.”

马斯克在X平台上对该报道作出了回应，他写道：“在罗根节目上抽完那口之后，我应NASA的要求，接受了3年的随机药检。结果没有发现任何药物或酒精的痕迹。”

An attorney for Musk, Alex Spiro, told the outlet that his client is “regularly and randomly drug tested at SpaceX and has never failed a test.” The Independent has reached out to Mr Musk, Mr Spiro and SpaceX for comment.

马斯克的律师亚历克斯·斯皮罗（Alex Spiro）告诉该媒体，他的客户“定期和随机在SpaceX接受药检，从未有过检测不合格的情况。”《独立报》（The Independent）已联系马斯克、斯皮罗和SpaceX公司寻求置评。

Concerns around the billionaire's drug habits came to a head in 2017 when Mr Musk took the floor at a SpaceX meeting to discuss the company's new rocket. “He slurred his words and rambled for around 15 minutes,” the outlet wrote, prompting the president of the company to take command of the meeting.

2017年，马斯克在SpaceX公司的一次会议上讨论新火箭时，人们对这位亿万富翁的吸毒问题引发了极大的担忧。“他含含糊糊地说了大约15分钟，”该媒体写道，这促使该公司总裁接管主持了会议。

Although the paper didn't confirm if Mr Musk was intoxicated during the meeting, SpaceX executives reportedly privately wondered whether their boss was on drugs, the outlet said. One executive called the meeting “nonsensical,” “unhinged” and “cringeworthy.”

尽管该报没有证实马斯克在会议期间是否吸毒了，但据报道，SpaceX公司高管私下里都怀疑他们的老板。一位高管称这次会议“荒谬”、“精神错乱”和“令人尴尬”。

Without elaborating, Mr Spiro told the outlet that the description of the SpaceX meeting was “false as has been confirmed by countless people who were present.”

斯皮罗没有详细说明，他告诉媒体，对SpaceX公司会议的描述是“不实的，无数在场的人已证实了这一点”。

Board members of Tesla, a public company, have also voiced their concerns about Mr Musk's behaviour. The Journal said that the Tesla board chair Robyn Denholm approached Mr Musk's brother Kimbal “for help with Musk's behavior, without using the word 'drugs.'”

特斯拉是一家上市公司，其董事会成员也表达了对马斯克行为的担忧。《华尔街日报》称，特斯拉董事会主席罗宾·丹霍尔姆（Robyn Denholm）曾“向马斯克的弟弟金巴尔 (Kimbal) 寻求帮助，以解决马斯克的行为问题，但并未明确提及‘毒品’一词”。

If not drugs, the outlet wrote, others have wondered whether other factors could be responsible for his frequent, strange behaviour, like lack of sleep — he has admitted to sleeping at X and SpaceX offices — or mental health — he has claimed to have depression and bipolar disorder — or something else entirely.

该媒体写道，如果不是因为吸毒，其他人想知道是否还有其他因素可能导致他频繁出现奇怪的行为，比如睡眠不足——他承认曾在X和SpaceX公司办公室睡觉——或者心理健康问题——他声称患有抑郁症和躁郁症——或者完全是其他原因。

20240109韩国立法禁食狗肉

South Korea passes law banning dog meat trade

From: BBC

South Korea has passed a new law, which aims to end the slaughter and selling of dogs for their meat by 2027.

韩国通过了一项新法律，旨在到2027年结束屠宰和售卖狗肉的行为。

The law aims to end the centuries-old practice of eating dog meat.

此举意味着将终结长达数百年食用狗肉的传统。

Dog meat has fallen out of favour with diners over the past few decades. Young people especially shun it.

过去几十年来，狗肉已不再受食客青睐。年轻人尤其避而远之。

Under the law, raising or slaughtering dogs for consumption will be banned, as will distributing or selling dog meat. Those found guilty of doing so could be sent to jail.

根据该法律，饲养或屠宰供食用的狗将被禁止，配送或出售狗肉也将被禁止。违反者将面临法律制裁，可能被判入狱。

Those butchering dogs could face up to three years in prison, while those who raise dogs for meat or sell dog meat could serve a maximum of two years. However, the consumption of dog meat itself will not be illegal.

屠宰狗的人可能面临最高三年的监禁，而肉狗饲养者或出售狗肉的人可能面临最高两年的监禁。然而，食用狗肉本身并不违法。

The new legislation will come into effect in three years' time, giving farmers and restaurant owners time to find alternative sources of employment and income. They will have to submit a plan to phase out their businesses to their local authorities.

新立法将于三年后生效，给了农民和餐馆老板寻找其他就业和收入来源的时间。他们将不得不向当地政府提交一份逐步淘汰其业务的计划。

The government has promised to fully support dog meat farmers, butchers and restaurant owners, whose businesses will be forced to close, though the details of what compensation will be offered have yet to be worked through.

政府已承诺将全力支持那些业务被迫关闭的肉狗饲养者、屠夫和餐馆老板，但具体补偿细节尚未确定。

According to government statistics, South Korea had around 1,600 dog meat restaurants and 1,150 dog farms in 2023.

据政府统计，2023年韩国约有1600家狗肉餐馆和1150家养狗场。

Dog meat stew, called "boshintang", is considered a delicacy among some older South Koreans, but the meat is no longer popular with young people.

被称为“补身汤”（boshintang）的炖狗肉，在一些韩国老年人眼中是一种美味佳肴，但如今已不再受年轻一代的欢迎。

According to a Gallup poll last year, only 8% of people said they had tried dog meat in the past 12 months, down from 27% in 2015. Less than a fifth of those polled said they supported the consumption of the meat.

根据盖洛普去年的一项民意调查，只有8%的人表示他们在过去12个月内吃过狗肉，低于2015年的27%。不到五分之一的受访者表示支持食用狗肉。

Previous governments, dating back to the 1980s, have pledged to ban dog meat, but failed to make progress. The current President Yoon Suk Yeol and the First Lady Kim Keon Hee are known animal lovers. The couple owns six dogs, and Ms Kim has called for the practice of eating dogs to end.

早在20世纪80年代，韩国历届政府就曾承诺将禁止食用狗肉，但并未取得进展。现任总统尹锡悦（Yoon Suk Yeol）和第一夫人金建希（Kim Keon Hee）均是众所周知的动物爱好者。这对夫妇养了六只狗，金建希曾呼吁停止食用狗肉。

Animal rights groups, which have long been pushing for the ban, praised the outcome of Tuesday's vote.

动物权利组织长期以来一直在推动这项禁令，他们对周二的投票结果表示赞赏。

Jung Ah Chae, the executive director of the Humane Society in Korea, said she was surprised to see the ban in her lifetime. "While my heart breaks for all the millions of dogs for whom this change has come too late, I am overjoyed that South Korea can now close this miserable chapter in our history and embrace a dog friendly future", she said.

韩国人道协会（Humane Society in Korea）执行董事蔡正雅（Jung Ah Chae，音译）表示，她没想到自己有生之年能见证这一禁令的实施。她说：“虽然我为数百万只狗感到心碎，对它们来说，这一改变来得太晚了，但我也为韩国能结束这一悲惨的历史篇章，迈向一个对狗友好的未来而感到欣慰。”

Dog meat farmers had campaigned against the ban. They argued that, given the declining popularity among young people, the practice should be allowed to die out naturally over time. Many farmers and restaurateurs are elderly and said it would be difficult for them to switch livelihoods so late in life.

肉狗饲养者曾发起活动反对这一禁令。他们认为，鉴于狗肉在年轻人中的受欢迎程度日益下降，应让这一行业随时间自然消亡。许多饲养者和餐馆老板都是老年人，他们表示，晚年转换生计将非常困难。

One dog farmer, Joo Yeong-bong, told the BBC the industry was in despair.

肉狗饲养者朱永邦（Joo Yeong-bong，音译）在接受英国广播公司（BBC）采访时表示，该行业已陷入绝境。

"In 10 years, the industry would have disappeared. We're in our 60s and 70s and now we have no choice but to lose our livelihoods", he said, adding that this was "an infringement of people's freedom to eat what they like".

他表示：“10年后，这个行业将会消失。我们都是六七十岁的人了，现在我们别无选择，只能失去生计”，并补充说，这是“侵犯人们自由选择食物的权利”。

20240110字节跳动正与潜在买家洽谈出售多款游戏

China Airs TV Confessions of Corruption by Football Officials in Documentary

From: Bloomberg

China pinned the blame for its football team's dismal track record on corruption in a documentary featuring confessions of bribe-taking.

在一部纪录片中，中国将其男足糟糕的战绩归咎于腐败，该纪录片以受贿忏悔为主题。

The final episode of the four-part documentary series, which highlights corruption broadly in China, aired on state television Tuesday just days before the start of an Asian tournament seen as a major opportunity for Chinese football to prove that it is on the mend.

这部四集系列纪录片聚焦于中国普遍存在的腐败问题，其最后一集于本周二在国家电视台播出，恰逢亚足联亚洲杯开赛前几天，此次赛事被看作是中国男足证明其正在改善的重要契机。

It comes amid a yearslong investigation into the underperformance of the men's football team after a string of humiliating defeats to countries like Vietnam and Syria, and the failure to qualify for the 2022 World Cup. The narrator of the show likened investigating corruption in soccer to “scraping the bone to remove the poison.”

该纪录片的播出，正值中国对男足低迷表现长达数年的调查。此前，中国男足接连耻辱地输给越南和叙利亚等国、以及未能获得2022年世界杯的参赛资格。该纪录片的旁白将调查足球腐败比作“刮骨疗毒”。

Chen Xuyuan, former chairman of the Chinese Football Association, said in his confession that he was greeted with two backpacks containing 300,000 yuan ($42,000) each from local officials the night before he was named the chief of the governing body, and took in tens of millions of yuan from clubs in total. Li Tie, former coach of the men's team, admitted that he signed a 60 million yuan deal with a now-defunct club in Wuhan to hire four of its players into the national team.

中国足球协会原主席陈戌源承认，在他当选的前一晚，他从两名地方足协负责人那里得到了两个双肩包，每个包里装着30万元（4.2万美元），（任职几年来）他收受多家俱乐部钱财累计达数千万元。原男足主教练李铁承认，他与武汉一家现已解散的俱乐部签署了一份6000万元的合同，将其四名球员选入了国家队大名单。

“Soccer fans can tolerate the backwardness of Chinese soccer, but not corruption,” Chen said. “There's no remedy for bygones. If there's one, I'm willing to pay for that with my life.” Chen and Li have both been charged for bribery.

“球迷可以包容中国足球的落后，但是不能原谅腐败，”陈戌源表示。“没有后悔药可以买，如果有后悔药可以买，我愿意用我的生命把它买回来，”陈戌源和李铁均已因贿赂罪被起诉。

The football graft investigation has ensnared at least 14 cadres to date, with dozens of coaches, players, referees and club executives investigated, the documentary said. Du Zhaocai, former deputy director of the General Administration of Sports of China, was arrested in October on suspicion of taking bribes and was stripped of his party membership. When authorities ordered an investigation into soccer corruption, Du only produced a research report without naming any problems or punishing anyone, according to the show.

该纪录片称，足球腐败调查迄今已牵涉至少14名干部，数十名教练、球员、裁判和俱乐部高管受到调查。中国国家体育总局原副局长杜兆才因涉嫌受贿于10月被捕，并被开除党籍。据该节目介绍，有关部门下令调查足球腐败时，杜兆才只提供了一份调研报告，没有查出任何问题，也没有处理任何人。

“I didn't play a good role as goalkeeper in the corruption fight of Chinese soccer,” Du confessed.

杜兆才坦言：“自己没有当好中国足球反腐斗争的一个‘守门员’的作用。”

“Developing and revitalizing Chinese football is an inevitable requirement for building a sports superpower, and it is also the expectation of the broad masses of the people,” the documentary said.

纪录片中指出：“发展和振兴中国足球是建设体育强国的必然要求，也是广大人民群众的期盼。”

The men's team, which is currently in Qatar preparing for an Asian Cup match against Tajikistan on Jan. 13, along with training staff will also be required to watch the episode, according to media outlet Beijing News. Last week, China, ranked 79^th in the world, lost in a friendly against 150^th-ranked Hong Kong.

据媒体《新京报》报道，目前正在卡塔尔备战1月13日与塔吉克斯坦亚洲杯比赛的男足队员、教练员以及工作人员也将被要求观看该纪录片。上周，世界排名第79位的国足在与排名第150位的中国香港队的友谊赛中失利。

Chinese fans have long complained about the men's team's dismal performance, especially compared to the women's team, which won the Asian Cup in 2022. A meme that circulates on China's internet mocking the team features an interview with players who said they have been eating expensive sea cucumbers as supplements.

中国球迷长期以来一直抱怨男足表现不佳，尤其是与赢得2022年亚洲杯冠军的女足相比。中国互联网上流传着一个调侃男足的热梗，内容是球员在采访中表示他们一直在吃昂贵的海参作为补品。

20240111联合国一飞机被劫持

Somali Militants Take Hostages, Kill One After U.N. Helicopter Makes Forced Landing

From: The Wall Street Journal

Several people were captured and at least one killed Wednesday when a United Nations helicopter made a forced landing in a militant-controlled area of Somalia, according to reports from the Somali military viewed by The Wall Street Journal.

据《华尔街日报》（The Wall Street Journal）从索马里军方得到的消息，周三，一架联合国直升机在索马里武装分子控制区迫降，数人被俘，至少一人丧生。

Col. Deo Akiiki, the deputy spokesman for the Ugandan military, which has troops deployed in Somalia as part of an African Union mission, confirmed that a U.N. helicopter set down in hostile territory. Early Somali military reports circulating among diplomats and viewed by the Journal said that the downed aircraft was encircled by insurgents from al-Shabaab, one of the world's most-active al Qaeda affiliates, and that one person on board was killed.

乌干达军方副发言人德奥·阿基基上校（Col. Deo Akiiki）证实，一架联合国直升机在敌对领土上迫降。作为非洲联盟驻索马里特派团的一部分，乌干达军方在索马里驻扎了军队。《华尔街日报》看到的、在外交官中流传的索马里军方早先报告称，迫降飞机被青年党（al-Shabaab）叛乱分子包围，机上一人丧生。青年党是全球最活跃的基地组织分支之一。

One official said that the aircraft had experienced mechanical issues. Two senior European officials described the situation as a hostage-taking and reported that Somali government forces were responding to the scene in Galmudug state, in central Somalia.

一名官员表示，该飞机出现了机械故障。两名欧洲高级官员称这是一起劫持人质事件，并报告称索马里政府军正赶往索马里中部贾穆杜格州的事发现场。

Among the nine people aboard were two Kenyan medics, a Ugandan soldier, a Somali officer and an Egyptian doctor, who was killed by the militants, the Somali military reports said. Akiiki, the Ugandan military spokesman, said he didn't have information on whether a Ugandan soldier had been captured in the incident.

索马里军方报告称，机上九人包括两名肯尼亚医护人员、一名乌干达士兵、一名索马里军官和一名埃及医生，后者已被武装分子杀害。乌干达军方发言人阿基基表示，他无法确认是否有乌干达士兵被俘。

The United Nations set up an emergency task force to respond to the crisis, according to one senior European official.

一名欧洲高级官员表示，联合国成立了一个紧急工作组来应对这一危机。

Officials said there were no Europeans or Americans aboard, but the reports didn't immediately identify the nationalities of the two civilian pilots, engineer and flight attendant.

官员们表示，机上没有欧洲人或美国人，但报告并未立即确认两名民航飞行员、工程师和空乘人员的国籍。

A diplomat in the region said the helicopter belonged to the U.N. Support Office for Somalia, which provides medical and logistical support to thousands of African Union troops deployed to combat al-Shabaab.

该地区的一名外交官表示，这架直升机属于联合国索马里援助团办事处，该机构为部署在索马里打击青年党的数千名非洲联盟士兵提供医疗和后勤支援。

Somali authorities have been fighting al-Shabaab insurgents for nearly two decades, and last year launched a major offensive that recaptured scores of villages and towns in the center of the country.

索马里当局与青年党叛乱分子的斗争已持续了近二十年，并在去年发动了大规模攻势，夺回了该国中部的数十个村庄和城镇。

The U.S. began sending commandos to help Somali troops fight al-Shabaab in 2007. American special-operations troops based in the country, strategically situated on Africa's eastern tip, advise Somali commandos during combat missions. American drones conduct airstrikes when local forces find themselves in danger of being overrun.

自2007年以来，美国开始向索马里派遣特种部队，协助索马里军队打击青年党。索马里位于非洲东端，战略位置重要，驻扎在该国的美国特种作战部队在执行作战任务时为索马里突击队提供建议。索马里军队发现有被围攻的危险时，美国无人机会实施空袭。

20240112“女子继承千万欧元遗产想找50个人帮忙”

Austrian heiress plans to give away £21.5m fortune and is inviting suggestions

From: The Independent

An Austrian-German heiress is planning on giving away her €25m (£21.5m) fortune that she inherited from her grandmother.

一位奥地利裔德国女继承人计划捐出她从祖母那里继承的2500万欧元（2150万英镑）的财产。

Marlene Engelhorn, 31, has now sought suggestions from citizens on how best to distribute the money.

31岁的马琳·恩格尔霍恩（Marlene Engelhorn）正在寻求公民的建议，以决定如何最好地分配这笔钱。

Ms Engelhorn said “€25m can be redistributed because the state does not redistribute it. I have this money because it is not taxed”, during a press conference on Wednesday.

恩格尔霍恩女士在周三的新闻发布会上说：“2500万欧元可以重新分配，因为国家不会重新分配。我拥有这笔钱，因为它未被征税。”

“I have this money because the government has failed to fulfill its mandate to ensure that wealth is distributed in society in such a way that it doesn't end up unequally in my hands just because I'm in this world, in this particular family, with this surname.”

“我之所以拥有这笔钱，是因为政府未能确保社会财富的公平分配，导致这些财富不公平地落入我手中，仅仅因为我出生在这个世界上，在这个特殊的家庭里，拥有这个姓氏。”

Ms Engelhorn inherited the money from her family, who owns the chemical giant BASF. She has been fighting for years for a more equitable tax system in Austria.

恩格尔霍恩女士从她的家族继承了这笔钱，她的家族是化工巨头巴斯夫集团（BASF）的拥有者。多年来，她一直在奥地利致力于推动更公平的税收体系。

A Citizens' Council will now be established to determine the allocation of funds, Euro News reported on Wednesday.

据欧洲新闻电视台周三报道，现在将成立一个公民委员会，以确定资金分配。

“I have inherited a fortune, and therefore power, without having done anything for it,” she said.

“我继承了一笔财富，也因此拥有了权力，而我并未为此付出任何努力，”她说。

“And the state doesn't even want taxes on it.”

“而且国家甚至不想对这笔财富征税。”

In 2008, Austria eliminated the inheritance tax, hence becoming one of the few European countries without such a tax or death duties.

2008年，奥地利取消了遗产税，成为少数几个没有此类遗产税的欧洲国家之一。

Austrians interested in participating in Ms Engelhorn's citizens' initiative – referred to as the Good Council for Redistribution – can register either online or by phone. From the original group of 10,000 Austrians, all aged over 16, 50 participants will be selected. There will also be 15 substitutes in case of some dropouts.

有兴趣参加恩格尔霍恩女士发起的公民倡议（被称为“再分配良好委员会”）的奥地利人，可以通过在线或电话进行注册。将从最初的10000名年龄超过16岁的奥地利人群体中，选出50名参与者。此外，还有15名候补人员，以防有人退出。

This citizen's council will meet for six weekends from March until June and work on proposals to distribute the wealth.

这个公民委员会将从3月到6月举行六个周末的会议，制定如何分配这笔财富的提案。

“If politicians don't do their job and redistribute, then I have to redistribute my wealth myself,” she said.

“如果政客们不能履行职责，重新分配财富，那么我就不得不亲自来重新分配我的财富了，”她说。

“Many people struggle to make ends meet with a full-time job and pay taxes on every euro they earn from work. I see this as a failure of politics, and if politics fails, then the citizens have to deal with it themselves.”

“许多人靠一份全职工作勉强维持生计，还要为工作所得的每一分钱纳税。我认为这是政治上的失败，如果无法解决问题，那么公民就必须自己采取行动。”

20240113《芭比》导演回应金球奖主持人的“玩笑”

Greta Gerwig Addresses Jo Koy's Golden Globes 'Barbie' Joke: “Well, He's Not Wrong”

From: The Hollywood Reporter

Greta Gerwig says she got the joke when Jo Koy told the Golden Globes audience on Sunday that Oppenheimer was based on a Pulitzer Prize-winning book but Barbie is about “a plastic doll with big boobies.”

格蕾塔·葛韦格（Greta Gerwig）说，她听懂了乔·科伊（Jo Koy）在周日的金球奖颁奖典礼上的“玩笑话”，他说《奥本海默》（Oppenheimer）是基于普利策奖获奖书籍改编，而《芭比》（Barbie）故事则来自“拥有大胸的塑料娃娃”。

The writer-director addressed the quip he delivered during his first Globes hosting gig while appearing on BBC Radio 4 Today. The joke has been criticized by some for being reductive or sexist, but Gerwig offered host Martha Kearney a different take on Koy's joke.

这位编剧兼导演在BBC广播四台《今日》节目中回应了科伊首次主持金球奖时讲的“玩笑话”。尽管有些人批评这一“玩笑话”贬低女性或涉嫌性别歧视，但葛韦格对科伊的玩笑话提出了不同的看法。

“Well, he's not wrong. She's the first doll that was mass-produced with breasts, so he was right on,” she said. “And you know, I think that so much of the project of the movie was unlikely because it is about a plastic doll.”

“好吧，他说的没错。她是第一个量产的有胸部的娃娃，所以他说的没错，”她说。“而且你知道的，我觉得这部电影很多内容都是不可能真实发生的，因为它确实是关于塑料娃娃的故事。”

Gerwig went on to add that Barbie, a toy her own mother was hesitant about her playing with when she was young, “by her very construction, has no character, no story. She's there to be projected upon.

葛韦格接着补充说，芭比娃娃是她小时候妈妈都不放心让她玩的玩具，“从芭比娃娃的构造来看，她没有性格，没有故事。她存在的意义是让人们在她身上投射自己的想象。”

“The insight that Ruth Handler had when she was watching her daughter play with baby dolls, is she realized, 'My daughter doesn't want to pretend to be a mother. She wants to pretend to be a grown woman,'” Gerwig said during the program, while discussing the doll's creator and origins. She's played by Rhea Pearlman in the film.

“露丝·汉德勒（Ruth Handler）在看女儿玩娃娃时，她意识到，'我的女儿不是想扮演母亲的角色。她是想扮演成年女性的角色，’”她在节目中谈及芭比娃娃的创造者和起源时说。在电影《芭比》中，芭比娃娃的创造者由瑞亚·珀尔曼（Rhea Pearlman）饰演。

The Oscar-nominated filmmaker behind 2023's best performing movie at the box office added that throughout Barbie's history — which began in 1959 — she has been at points ahead of and behind the culture, leading to contentious debates about her impact and interpretation within the larger culture.

这位获奥斯卡提名、执导了2023年票房最佳电影的导演补充说，纵观芭比娃娃的历史——始于1959年——她时而领先、时而落后于文化，引发了关于芭比娃娃在更大文化范围内的影响和解读的争论。

“She's been a villain, and she's been a hero, but it felt like in a way even though it's so seemingly superficial that it was such a rich place to start,” the director said of her own interest in the film.

“她当过反派，也演过英雄，但在某种程度上，我觉得尽管这看起来很肤浅，但却是一个丰富的起点，”这位导演谈到自己对这部电影的兴趣时说。

Gerwig's response comes the same day that Mattel announced the launch of its Barbie Women in Film Career of the Year line, inspired by both the success of the film and Gerwig as the first female director with a billion-dollar film, and aiming to spotlight opportunities available to women in the industry.

葛韦格的回应恰逢美泰公司（Mattel）宣布推出“年度职业”系列芭比娃娃，该系列灵感来源于《芭比》电影的成功以及葛韦格成为首位票房超过十亿美元的女性导演，旨在突出女性在电影行业中的机会。

She is also among a growing number of voices who have weighed in on Koy's jokes, including one about Taylor Swift, and the criticism around his historic hosting gig as just the second-ever Asian to helm the ceremony from the stage. On Tuesday, both Steve Martin and Whoopi Goldberg — two actor-comedians who have hosted various shows themselves — acknowledged the difficulty of playing to an awards room, before congratulating him on the job.

越来越多的人对科伊的玩笑话（包括对泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）开的玩笑）以及他作为历史上第二位在舞台上主持颁奖典礼的亚洲人所受到的批评发表了看法，葛韦格也是其中之一。周二，两位曾亲自主持过各种节目的演员兼喜剧演员史蒂夫·马丁（Steve Martin）和乌比·戈德堡（Whoopi Goldberg）在对乔·科伊的主持表示祝贺前，都承认了主持颁奖典礼的难度。

“I love Jo Koy. He makes me just crazy because he's funny,” Goldberg said while hosting The View. “I don't know whether it was the room. I don't know whether it was the jokes. I didn't get to see it. But I do know that he is as good as it gets when it comes to stand-up.”

“我喜欢乔·科伊。他太有趣了，让我感到兴奋，”戈德堡在主持《观点》（The View）节目时说。“我不确定是因为现场氛围还是玩笑本身。我没有亲眼看到。但我知道，在单口喜剧方面，他已经是最好的了。”

“Congratulations to Jo Koy, who took on the toughest gig in show business, hit, missed, was light on his feet, and now has twenty minutes of new material for his stand up!” Martin wrote on Threads.

“恭喜乔·科伊，他完成了演艺界最艰难的任务，既有亮点也有失误，轻松自如，现在他的单口喜剧又有了20分钟的新素材了！”马丁在Threads上写道。

“I'd be lying if it doesn't hurt,” Koy told GMA3 the morning after the awards show. “I hit a little moment there [during the monologue] where I was just like, 'Ah.' Hosting is a tough gig. Yes, I am a stand-up comic, but that hosting position is a different style. It's not the same style.”

颁奖典礼结束后的第二天早上，科伊在GMA3节目中表示：“如果说不伤心的话，那就是在撒谎。[在那段开场白中]，我确实有一刻感到了不安。当时就像，'啊。’主持是个艰巨的任务。是的，我是单口喜剧演员，但主持的风格不同。那是另一种风格。”

20240114为孩子不离婚孩子真能快乐吗

Yes, divorce is bad for children, but let's not fetishise marriage at all costs

From: The Guardian (24 Nov 2014)

We are all terribly concerned about the adverse affects of divorce on children. Today's headlines will fuel the guilt of any person who has failed to stay married, for whatever reason. A survey by Resolution, an association of Family Lawyers, has been spun into a scare story about the awful cost of divorce for children. After a family split, your kids are more likely to be on drugs, fail their exams, self-harm – and that's in between the eating disorders and alcohol problems.

我们都非常关注离婚对孩子的负面影响。今天的头条新闻将会加剧那些无论出于何种原因离婚的人的罪恶感。家庭律师协会Resolution的一项调查被解读为离婚将对儿童造成巨大代价的恐怖故事。离婚后，你的孩子更有可能吸毒、考试不及格、自残——这还不包括饮食失调和酗酒问题。

The advice is the same as always: to minimise stress and conflict for the kids; that mediation is better than adversarial battles; that children should never be made to feel it's their fault. In an ideal world we would all achieve this, as we know it to be intellectually true, even if we cannot always carry it through emotionally.

建议和往常一样：尽量减少孩子们承受的压力和冲突；调解总比敌对要好；绝不应该让孩子们觉得是他们的过错。在理想状态下，我们都能做到这一点，因为我们理智上知道这是正确的，即便我们在情感上不总能完全做到。

This latest survey, conducted on a mere 500 young people, is deeply problematic. I don't seek to minimise the harm that a bad divorce causes children, but what are we comparing it to? How much emotional harm does a bad marriage cause? Is staying together in silent hostility or ongoing rows better for children?

这项最新调查仅针对500名年轻人进行了调查，存在很大问题。我并不想淡化糟糕的离婚对孩子们造成的伤害，但我们拿什么来比较呢？糟糕的婚姻会造成多大的情感伤害？在无声的敌意或持续的争吵中维持在一起对孩子们更好吗？

Also, how can we isolate one factor? Divorce rates are slightly down, but these splits are still, in 65% of cases, initiated by women. The result is that children of divorce often live in poorer housing with less money. To talk about educational attainment we have to look right across socioeconomic factors; we cannot just blame it all on divorce. What are the figures on when co-habitation breaks down?

此外，我们如何才能考虑离婚这个单一因素呢？虽然离婚率略有下降，但65%的案例中，提出离婚的仍是女方。结果是，离婚后孩子往往生活在更贫困、经济条件更紧张的环境中。要谈论受教育程度，我们必须纵观整个社会经济因素；我们不能把一切都归咎于离婚。当同居关系破裂时，情况又是怎样的？

Emotional trauma may be one part of it; change in material circumstances another. Countless other surveys dispel many of the myths – for example, that divorce affects boys more than girls, as they are more likely to become delinquent. Actually, in the population at large boys are simply more delinquent than girls. To measure the adjustment of kids from “intact” families against those of separated couples, while removing every other variable, does not tell us much at all.

情感创伤可能是其中的一部分；物质环境的变化是另一部分。无数其他调查消除了许多误解，例如，离婚对男孩的影响比女孩大，因为他们更有可能成为问题少年。事实上，在整个人口中，男孩就是比女孩更容易成为问题少年。仅仅对比来自“完整”家庭与分居家庭孩子之间的适应情况，同时排除其他所有因素，这实际上并没有提供太多有用的信息。

But the right continue to push this agenda for marriage as the only valid family structure, the ideal economic unit. While 42% of marriages end in divorce, less stigmatisation of children whose parents are no longer together would surely be more helpful than the inference that they will all be on crack in the soft play area.

但右翼仍继续推动这一议程，将婚姻作为唯一有效的家庭结构和理想的经济单位。虽然42%的婚姻以离婚告终，但减少对离异家庭儿童的歧视无疑比暗示他们将在儿童游乐区吸食毒品更有帮助。

No one doubts that an amicable separation is the goal, but this is not always attainable. Clearly conflict is terrible for kids, which is why some are more damaged by divorce than the death of a parent.

虽然大家都认为好聚好散是理想目标，但这并非总能够实现。显然，冲突对孩子们来说是可怕的，这就是为什么父母离婚比父母去世对有些孩子的伤害更大。

But where are the reports on 500 children whose parents have stayed together for their sake, though gritted teeth? Some of the most messed-up kids I have seen are precisely those of couples who waited until they went off to university to divorce. It meant that their entire childhood and adolescence had been a kind of lie.

但是，那些父母为了孩子而咬牙坚持在一起的500个孩子的报道在哪里呢？我见过的一些最有问题的孩子，恰恰就是那些父母等孩子上大学后才离婚的。这意味着他们的整个童年和青春期都生活在谎言之下。

Divorce is a sad fact of life. Adults may indeed be selfish, but a child can still have two parents who love them without them living with each other. Piling on the guilt helps no one, and the conservative fetishisation of marriage, combined with a punitive attitude to single parents, is not about concern for children at all. If it was, it would not continue to trap women and children in poverty. If marriage is so naturally desirable there would be no need to bribe people into it via the tax system – a nanny state move if ever I saw one.

离婚是生活中一个可悲的事实。成年人可能确实很自私，但即使父母不住在一起，孩子仍然可以有两个爱他们的父母。增加内疚感无济于事，保守派对婚姻的过度迷恋以及对单亲家庭的惩罚性态度根本不是出于对孩子的关心。如果真是这样，就不会继续让女性和儿童陷入贫困。如果婚姻本身如此令人向往，就没有必要通过税收体系鼓励人们结婚——这是典型的国家干预行为。

Divorce is a very sad thing. Especially for children. But so is the alternative: living unhappily ever after.

离婚是一件非常悲哀的事情。特别是对于孩子来说。但另一种选择：从此过着不幸福的生活，同样是悲哀的。

20240115丹麦女王正式退位

Denmark's King Frederik X Takes Throne After Queen Margrethe II Abdicates

From: TIME

Denmark ushered in a new era on Sunday as King Frederik X ascended to the throne after his mother, Queen Margrethe II, formally signed her abdication, ending her 52-year reign as Denmark's longest-serving monarch.

周日，丹麦迎来了一个新时代，腓特烈十世（Frederik X）国王继位，接替了他的母亲、玛格丽特二世（Margrethe I）女王。玛格丽特女王正式签署了退位声明，结束了她作为丹麦在位时间最长君主52年的统治。

The formal transfer of power occurred at a meeting of the Council of State at Christiansborg Palace in Copenhagen, where thousands of people gathered to bid farewell to Margrethe after she became the first Danish monarch in nearly 900 years to voluntarily relinquish the throne. Margrethe, 83, surprised the public when she announced her abdication in a live address on New Year's Eve, citing a major back surgery she underwent in February last year.

在哥本哈根克里斯蒂安堡宫召开的国务委员会会议上，正式完成了权力交接。成千上万的民众聚集在此，向玛格丽特女王告别，玛格丽特女王成为近900年来第一位自愿放弃王位的丹麦君主。83岁的玛格丽特女王在新年前夜的直播演讲中宣布将退位，令公众大为震惊。她提到了去年2月她接受了一次背部大手术。

“God save the King,” she said on Sunday, after signing the abdication declaration.

周日，她在签署退位声明后说：“愿上帝保佑国王。”

A cheerful crowd of supporters, many holding miniature Danish flags, filled the route as King Frederik, 55, traveled to the castle in a motorcade, accompanied by the resonating toll of bells from a nearby church. Royal guards conducted their routine daily parade in downtown Copenhagen, donning red jackets in lieu of their customary black attire.

55岁的腓特烈国王乘坐车队前往克里斯蒂安堡宫，沿途人山人海，欢欣鼓舞的支持者挥舞着迷你丹麦国旗，附近教堂的钟声也发出阵阵回响。皇家卫队一改往日的黑色服装穿上了红色夹克，在哥本哈根市中心进行日常巡游。

Denmark, one of the oldest monarchies across the globe, does not have a coronation ceremony. Instead, the new king and queen made a public appearance on the balcony of the palace, a tradition dating back to the constitution of 1849, with Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen proclaiming the King's accession.

丹麦是全球最古老的君主制国家之一，没有加冕仪式。取而代之的是，由首相梅特·弗雷泽里克森（Mette Frederiksen）宣布国王即位，新国王和王后在克里斯蒂安堡宫的阳台上公开亮相，这一传统可以追溯到1849年的宪法。

"My hope is to become a unifying king of tomorrow,” Frederik X said in his first speech as king, donning a ceremonial military uniform adorned with medals and golden epaulets. “It is a task I have approached all my life. It is a task I take on with pride, respect, and joy."

“我希望成为有凝聚力的明日之君，”腓特烈十世身穿缀有勋章和金色肩章的军礼服，在他即位后首次演讲中说道。“这是我毕生努力追求的使命。我怀着自豪、尊重和喜悦的心情承担这一责任。”

Under Denmark tradition, each new sovereign adopts a royal motto as a guiding principle for their reign. Frederik's motto is: "United, committed, for the kingdom of Denmark."

根据丹麦传统，每位新君主都会采用王室格言作为其统治的指导原则。弗雷德里克的格言是：“团结、忠诚、为了丹麦王国。”

The abdication leaves Denmark with two queens, as Queen Margrethe retains her title, and Frederik X's wife of 19 years, Queen Mary, takes on the role of queen consort. King Frederik X's 18-year-old son, Christian, now assumes the position of Denmark's crown prince and heir to the throne.

此次退位，丹麦将有两位女王，玛格丽特女王保留了她的头衔，而腓特烈十世的妻子、与他结婚19年的玛丽女王则成为王后。腓特烈十世的18岁儿子克里斯蒂安（Christian）现在成为了丹麦王储、王位继承人。

Denmark's monarchy, with its origins tracing back to 10^th-century Viking king Gorm the Old, stands as the oldest in Europe and one of the oldest globally. While the royal family's duties are largely ceremonial in the constitutional monarchy, King Frederik X and Queen Mary have been praised for their efforts to modernize the monarchy, even sending their children to state schools.

丹麦的君主制起源于10世纪维京国王老戈尔姆，是欧洲最古老的君主制，也是全球最古老的君主制之一。虽然在君主立宪制下，王室的职责主要是礼仪性的，但腓特烈十世国王和玛丽王后为实现君主制现代化所做的努力一直备受赞誉，他们甚至将自己的孩子送入公立学校。

Recent surveys reflect widespread optimism, with 82% of Danes expressing confidence in King Frederik X's ability to perform well in his new role and an even higher percentage, 86%, expressing the same positive outlook for Queen Mary.

最近的调查反映了普遍的乐观情绪，82%的丹麦人对腓特烈十世国王在新角色中的表现充满信心，而对玛丽女王持积极看法的比例更是高达86%。

20240116马斯克展示机器人擎天柱叠衣服

Musk's video of Tesla robot folding shirts has people questioning if footage is real

From: The Independent

A video shared on X by Tesla boss Elon Musk of the company's Optimus robot folding a shirt has left observers online questioning how it achieved the feat.

特斯拉老板埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）在X上分享的一段该公司的Optimus机器人正在叠衣服的视频，网友们纷纷质疑它是如何做到的。

In the short video posted on Monday on X – formerly Twitter – the Tesla Optimus robot can be seen standing by a table folding a black shirt on its own without any assistance.

周一，在X（原Twitter）上发布的这段短视频中，可以看到特斯拉的Optimus机器人站在桌子旁，在没有任何帮助的情况下自己叠起了一件黑色衬衫。

The Tesla boss shared the footage with the caption “Optimus folds a shirt”.

马斯克分享了这段视频，并配文“Optimus叠衬衫”。

Tesla first unveiled the humanoid robot in 2022, as part of Mr Musk's broader goals to automate all physical human labour and supercharge the company's manufacturing processes.

特斯拉于2022年首次推出了这款类人机器人，这是马斯克将人类所有体力劳动自动化并加速公司生产过程宏大愿景的一部分。

The company said its ambition for the robot is to create a “general purpose, bi-pedal, autonomous humanoid robot capable of performing unsafe, repetitive or boring tasks”.

该公司表示，其机器人的目标是创造一种“能够执行危险、重复或枯燥任务的通用、双足、自主的类人机器人”。

According to a biography of the multi-billionaire published last year, Mr Musk told his employees that the Optimus robot was key to transforming the electric vehicle company into a $10 trillion company.

根据去年出版的马斯克传记，马斯克告诉他的员工，Optimus机器人是将这家电动汽车公司转变为价值10万亿美元公司的关键。

The Tesla boss previously said the robot was being developed to replace human labour in “repetitive, boring and dangerous tasks”.

马斯克曾表示，正在开发这款机器人，以取代“重复、无聊和危险任务”中的人力劳动。

“The vision is for them to serve millions of households, such as cooking, mowing lawns, and caring for the elderly,” he said.

“我们的愿景是让它们为数百万家庭服务，比如做饭、割草和照顾老人，”他说。

However, about 30 minutes after sharing the latest video, the SpaceX and Tesla chief shared an “important note” under the post that the footage was not entirely as it seemed.

然而，在分享最新视频约30分钟后，这位SpaceX和特斯拉的首席执行官在帖子下分享了一条“重要说明”，称这段视频并不是表面上看起来的那样。

“Optimus cannot yet do this autonomously, but certainly will be able to do this fully autonomously and in an arbitrary environment (won't require a fixed table with box that has only one shirt)” Mr Musk said.

“Optimus现在还不能自主完成这项任务，但将来肯定能够完全自主地在任意环境中做到这一点（而不需要固定桌子、且桌子上摆放着一个只有一件衣服的箱子）”，马斯克说。

Users on X as well as the rival platform Threads raised questions on how the video was made if the robot's feat was not “fully autonomous”.

X及其竞争对手平台Threads上的用户质疑，如果机器人叠衣服不是“完全自主”的，那么视频是如何制作的。

“This is a video, not CG?” one user asked, questioning whether the video was computer-generated.

一位用户问道：“这是真实视频，不是CG吗？”他质疑这段视频是否是计算机合成的。

Some observers also pointed out a gloved hand appearing briefly in and out of the frame in the video, seemingly mimicking the movements of the robot's hands.

部分网友还指出，一只戴着手套的手在画面中时隐时现，似乎在模仿机器人双手的动作。

“It's just operated remotely, not autonomous. Basically the exact same way remote surgical 'robots' have worked for decades,” another Threads user said.

另一位Threads用户说：“这只是远程操控，而不是自主操作。基本上和远程手术‘机器人’几十年来工作的方式完全一样。”

Tesla did not immediately respond to The Independent's request for comment.

特斯拉没有立即回应《独立报》的置评请求。

The EV company is yet to provide information about the price or release date of Optimus but in the past Mr Musk has hinted that the robot may cost less than $20,000.

这家电动汽车公司尚未提供Optimus的价格或上市日期的信息，但马斯克曾暗示，这款机器人的成本可能低于2万美元。

At the 2022 Tesla AI Day, the Tesla titan said deliveries of the robot could take place within three-to-five years.

在2022年特斯拉人工智能日上，马斯克表示，这款机器人可能会在三到五年内交付。

20240117 iPhone 15价格跌至史上最低

Apple Goes on the Offensive as iPhone Sales Slip in Its Biggest Overseas Market

From: The Wall Street Journal

Apple is offering rare discounts in China, including on its latest iPhones, in a bid to beat back growing competition in the high-end market.

苹果公司（Apple）将在中国提供罕见的折扣，折扣商品包括最新款的iPhone手机，以抵御竞争对手在高端市场日益激烈的竞争。

The tech giant is running a promotion from Thursday through Sunday in China in which it is cutting the price of iPhones by the equivalent of up to $70. Other products will be discounted by up to $110. The promotion comes ahead of the weeklong Lunar New Year holiday beginning Feb. 10, a customary gift-giving season in China.

该公司从周四到周日在中国开展促销活动，iPhone折扣最高相当于70美元。其他产品的折扣最高可达110美元。此次促销活动是在2月10日开始的为期一周的春节假期前进行，春节是中国传统的送礼季。

In the last quarter of 2023, iPhone sales in China fell 11% compared with the same period a year earlier, according to market-research firm Counterpoint. Ethan Qi, a Counterpoint analyst, linked the downturn to waning demand for smartphones in China and intensified competition from local rivals. In particular, Huawei is swiftly gaining ground.

市场研究公司Counterpoint的数据显示，2023年最后一个季度，iPhone在中国的销量较上年同期下降11%。Counterpoint分析师Ethan Qi认为，这主要是因为中国市场对智能手机的需求减弱，以及来自本土竞争对手的竞争加剧。尤其值得一提的是，华为（Huawei）仍在迅速扩大市场份额。

“China remains a priority market for Apple, so it's not common but also not a big surprise” to see the company fight to defend its market share, Qi said.

Qi说，中国仍是苹果公司优先考虑的一个市场，因此苹果公司为捍卫市场份额而战的情况虽不常见，但也并太令人意外。

The discount comes with some conditions, including the use of certain payment methods and limited quantity available at Apple's 46 retail stores in China, according to the company. It didn't mention any restrictions for online purchases, which is the main route for Chinese consumers to acquire a phone.

据苹果公司称，该折扣附带一些条件，包括使用特定的支付方式，以及在中国的46家Apple Store零售店可折扣商品有数量限制。该公司没有提到对在线上商店有这样的数量限制，而网购是中国消费者购买手机的主要途径。

The company typically doesn't discount its latest iPhones, although a year ago it did offer some discounts on the iPhone 14 through certain sales channels in China.

该公司最新款iPhone手机通常不会打折，但一年前在中国确实通过某些销售渠道对iPhone 14提供了一些折扣。

Consumer demand has been weak recently and some companies have found success by advertising eye-popping discounts.

近来消费需求一直疲软，一些公司通过宣传惊人的折扣取得了成功。

Third-party retailers have already been offering discounts on iPhones beyond what Apple plans to offer temporarily.

第三方零售商已经在对iPhone打折，折扣力度大于苹果公司计划暂时提供的优惠。

A third-party seller active on one of China's most popular e-commerce sites, Pinduoduo, on Tuesday was advertising the base model of the iPhone 15 Pro Max at 8,228 yuan, compared with Apple's official price of 9,999 yuan. The third-party seller's discount price is equivalent to about $1,150, or nearly $250 off Apple's price.

周二，一家活跃在拼多多（Pinduoduo）上的第三方卖家打出了iPhone 15 Pro Max基本配置款售价人民币8228元的广告，相比之下苹果公司的官方售价为人民币9999元。该卖家的折扣价相当于约1,150美元，比苹果公司的价格便宜近250美元。拼多多是中国最受欢迎的电商网站之一。

In recent years, the premium segment has emerged as the main growth driver in an otherwise-sluggish global smartphone market. The segment accounts for just under a quarter of smartphone sales globally but 60% of revenue, according to Counterpoint.

近年来，高端市场已成为全球智能手机市场主要的增长动力，其他手机市场表现低迷。根据Counterpoint的数据，该细分市场在全球智能手机销量的份额接近四分之一，但却占收入的60%。

Apple has led the high-end market in China, but its position has grown shakier. A new model released by Huawei in August showed the Chinese company was able to turn out a phone with high-speed data transmission.

苹果公司在中国的高端手机市场一直领先，但其地位已经开始有了一些动摇的趋势。华为去年8月份发布的一款新机型表明，该公司仍然能够生产出具有高速数据传输功能的手机。

Analysts say Huawei's sales growth has been driven by demand in its home country. Other Chinese brands such as OnePlus and Honor are introducing competitive devices in the lower price range of the high-end sector, according to analysts.

分析师称，华为的销售增长主要是受国内需求推动。分析师认为，一加（OnePlus）和荣耀（Honor）等其他中国品牌正在高端市场的较低价位区间推出具有竞争力的设备。

A further rival is Samsung Electronics, which has long struggled in the Chinese market but recently made some inroads with its flagship Galaxy S23 and its foldable phones. Apple doesn't sell foldable phones.

苹果公司另一个竞争对手三星电子（Samsung Electronics）在中国市场落寞已久，但最近凭借旗舰产品Galaxy S23和可折叠手机取得了一些进展。苹果公司不销售可折叠手机。

Samsung is set to release its latest high-end smartphones globally this week, and it plans a new-product event in China in late January.

三星电子定于本周在全球发布最新的高端智能手机，并计划于1月底在中国举行新品发布会。

Apple did well globally last year despite its challenges in China. Research firm International Data Corporation said this week that Apple overtook Samsung at the top of the global smartphone market last year by number of devices shipped. Samsung had held the top position for more than a decade. Apple was also the only one of the top three companies to show year-over-year growth in shipment volume.

尽管在中国面临种种挑战，但苹果公司去年在全球市场的表现可圈可点。研究机构国际数据公司（International Data Corporation, 简称IDC）本周称，按设备出货量计算，苹果公司去年在全球智能手机市场超越三星，登顶榜首。在之前的十多年间三星一直占据全球智能手机市场榜首的位置。苹果公司也是智能手机前三名中唯一一家出货量实现同比增长的公司。

“Apple's ongoing success and resilience is in large part due to the increasing trend of premium devices, which now represent over 20% of the market,” said Nabila Popal, an analyst at IDC.

IDC分析师Nabila Popal说：“苹果公司的持续成功和韧性在很大程度上归功于高端设备日益增长的趋势，目前高端设备占整体手机市场的20%以上。”

20240118彩票号码开出55555

If you win the lottery, here's what you should (and shouldn't) do

From: CNN (July 19, 2023)

So, you won the lottery. Congrats! What do you do now?

恭喜你，彩票中奖了！接下来，该怎么办呢？

Once you're done screaming and dancing in a shower of champagne, take a moment to gather yourself and start thinking about the more pragmatic aspects of your new life as a multimillionaire (or billionaire).

在香槟的沐浴下尖叫起舞之后，花点时间平复心情，是时候开始思考作为千万富翁（或亿万富翁）的新生活中更实际的事了。

So what will you do with the cash? Do you take the lump sum or the annuity paid out over time? How much will you give to charity, friends and family?

那你打算怎么处理这笔钱呢？是一次性领取还是分期领取？你会给慈善机构、朋友和家人多少钱？

First things first, according to experts: Keep your mouth shut.

在这一切开始之前，专家们有个共识：守口如瓶。

Before you broadcast your sudden windfall to the world, and even before you contact lottery officials, you'll be wise to surround yourself with a team of lawyers and financial advisers.

在你向世界吹嘘你的意外之财前，甚至在你联系彩票官方人员前，明智的做法是为自己配备一个律师和财务顾问团队。

Most states will not let you claim the prize anonymously, which means you'll need to act fast to protect yourself before you're inundated with vultures or new-found relations.

大多数州都不允许匿名领奖，这意味着在那些想要从你这里捞取好处的人和突然出现的“亲戚”蜂拥而至之前，你要迅速采取行动保护自己。

And while this might seem obvious, don't forget to document your win. Make copies of both sides of your lottery ticket, and then lock it up somewhere only you can access it.

虽然这看起来似乎是常识，但别忘了留下你中奖的证据。把你彩票的正反面都复印一份，并将其锁在只有你能拿到的地方。

Then, get to work. And it will be a lot of work.

接着，开始行动吧，将有大量工作要完成。

“I think it can be more of a curse than a blessing for some, just in all of the work that has to be done,” Belinda Herzig, senior wealth strategist at BNY Mellon Wealth Management, told CNN late last year.

去年底，纽约银行梅隆资产管理公司（BNY Mellon Wealth Management）高级财富策略师贝琳达·赫兹格（Belinda Herzig）告诉美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）：“我认为这对某些人来说是祸不是福，因为要做的工作太多了。”

Hiring a lawyer should be a top priority. And not just any lawyer.

聘请律师应该是当务之急。而且不是随便找什么律师。

“Find an attorney who has experience dealing with people with this level of wealth, because it is different,” says Herzig.

赫兹格说：“找一位在处理这种财富水平上拥有丰富经验的律师，因为不同财富水平的经验是不一样的。”

That means aiming for a specialist at a large national law firm.

这意味着要瞄准一家大型全国性律师事务所的专家。

Next up, you'll need an accountant and a financial adviser to protect your wealth from “creditors and predators,” as Herzig puts it.

接下来，正如赫兹格所说，你需要一位会计师和一位财务顾问，以保护你的财富免受“债权人和觊觎者”的威胁。

Again, you'll want to look for experts at larger institutions who have experience figuring all this out. (Your neighbor Gary the CPA might be a great pal who's done your taxes before, but he almost certainly hasn't dealt with an influx of wealth like the one you, lucky lotto winner, are dealing with.)

同样，你需要寻找那些在大型机构中拥有相关经验的专家。（你的邻居注册会计师老王，或许是你的好朋友，之前帮你处理过税务，但几乎可以肯定，他没有处理过像你这样的彩票中奖幸运儿突然获得大量财富的经验。）

Another thing to keep in mind: It pays to be a good person. One of the biggest winners of the Powerball will be the IRS, which gets its cut in federal income tax, Herzig says, but you can offset some of your tax liability by using philanthropy as a way to receive a charitable deduction.

还有一点要记住：做好人总会有回报的。赫兹格说，美国强力球（Powerball）彩票最大的赢家之一将是美国国内收入署（IRS），它将从联邦所得税中分得一杯羹，但你可以通过慈善捐赠来获得税收减免，以此减轻税务负担。

Once you're lawyered up and have a solid financial team you trust, have those advisers look over the lottery's rules before you sign the original ticket, according to State Farm's consumer-advice site Simple Insights.

据State Farm的消费者咨询网站Simple Insights称，一旦你聘请了律师，并拥有一个你信任的可靠财务团队，在原始彩票上签名之前，让这些顾问们查查彩票的规则。

The rest is mostly personal finance 101: Pay off your debts, set up savings, diversify your investments and keep up a robust emergency fund. Your crack team of helpers can manage it all for you.

剩下的主要是个人理财的基础内容：还清债务，做好储蓄，分散投资，建立充足的应急基金。你的专业团队可以为你打理好这一切事务。

But there's one big piece of the lottery puzzle that you can't farm out to lawyers, and that's your mental health. Plenty of past winners serve as cautionary tales about the psychological impact of sudden wealth, and all the changes that come with it.

但在彩票中奖后的一系列复杂难题中，有一大难题是你无法交给律师来处理的，那就是你的心理健康。很多以往的中奖者都在告诫人们，突然的暴富包括随之而来的种种变化，对心理的冲击是巨大的。

20240119遇到渣导师怎么办？

PhD students: what to do if you don't work well with your supervisor

From: The Guardian

Some PhD students have positive tales of supervisors who are good managers and become lifelong friends. Others, however, have horror stories. These are the supervisors who do not see students regularly, show little interest in their work, make unrealistic demands on their progress, don't put them in touch with other students or networks, and provide harsh, confusing or no feedback.

有些博士生对导师有积极的评价，认为自己导师是优秀的管理者，也是一生的朋友。然而，也有些博士生却陷入了导学关系的恐怖故事，这些导师不经常和学生见面，对学生的研究工作缺乏热情，对学生的进展提出不切实际的要求，不助力学生拓展学术或人际网络，并且给出严苛、令人困惑的反馈，或者根本没有反馈。

Some PhD students say they never see their supervisor at all, so they just get on with the work themselves.

有些博士生说，他们根本没见过自己的导师，所以只能自己继续做下去。

So, what's the best way of managing this sometimes tricky relationship? There are three aspects to this: personal, learning and institutional.

那么，驾驭这种有时很棘手的导学关系，最好的办法是什么呢？这涉及到三个层面：个人、学习和制度。

Personal: set some ground rules 在个人层面，设定一些基本规则。

The supervisor/student relationship is both personal and professional. It can resemble negotiating with a variously supportive, controlling or critical parent (while they might have your best interests at heart, they can be hurtful in their comments or focused somewhere else. But it can also resemble managing a busy, intelligent, sometimes absent and sometimes demanding manager. They too want to get the research project completed but sometimes neither of you quite understand how to work together to do this effectively.

导师与学生的关系既是个人关系，也是职业关系。这有点像与一位支持你、掌控你或批评你的家长进行沟通一样（虽然他们可能打着为了你好的旗号，但他们的言论可能会伤人，或者关注于其它事务。但这也像是与一位忙碌、有才智、时而不在场、时而要求苛刻的经理打交道。他们也想完成研究项目，但有时你们都不太明白如何有效地合作。

Sometimes students and supervisors simply don't get on as people. Establishing ground rules about working together, regular supervision meetings, agendas and responsibilities right at the start helps ward off everyday breakdowns.

有时，学生和导师根本就合不来。从一开始就建立关于协作方式、定期督导会议、议程和职责的基本规则，有助于避免日常的摩擦和误解。

But some of the breakdowns are more serious, to do with working practices and making progress. Some supervisors give less attention to students who are apparently making good intellectual progress, while others are stressed and pass that on when a student doesn't make progress.

但有些问题更为严重，与工作方式和进展有关。一些导师对那些取得良好进展的学生关注较少，而有些导师则压力很大，当学生进展不顺时，就会把压力转嫁给学生。

There are darker stories of selfishness, power and meanness, where supervisors use their students to produce the supervisor's work, take all the accolades for publications and results, and belittle student's different approaches.

更为阴暗的是，有些揭露了导师自私、权力和卑鄙的一面，一些导师利用学生来完成自己的工作，独揽所有出版物和成果的荣誉，同时贬低学生的不同观点、思路。

People in power can be enabling, supportive and developmental, and they can also be bullies.

拥有权力的人既可以是赋能者、支持者和促进者，但他们也可能成为欺凌者。

So getting good working practices established from the start, managing expectations and knowing the support structures of the university and its regulations are all important. Make sure there are agreed milestones to take stock of work and the working relationship so far, and make changes if needed.

因此，从一开始就建立良好的工作方式、做好预期管理，并了解大学的支持体系和规章制度，都非常重要。确保有共同认可的阶段性目标，以评估迄今为止的工作和工作关系，并在必要时作出适当调整。

Learning: ask the right question 在学习层面，提出正确的问题

Some breakdowns are blocks caused by lack of progress, or by too little or confusing feedback. Students should let the supervisor know they are stuck and ask for advice and guidance about next steps. This could be new experiments, further reading, discussing theoretical perspectives, unpicking confusing feedback for clarity, or finding or building groups with whom to share work.

有些问题是由于缺乏进展、反馈太少或令人困惑而造成的。学生应该让导师知道他们遇到了困难，并就下一步行动寻求建议和指导。这可以是新的实验、深入阅读、探讨理论观点、澄清令人困惑的反馈，或者寻找或建立小组共同完成研究工作。

Breakthrough learning or learning leaps can take place at different stages in the PhD journey, such as finding exactly the right question, seeing where your work is situated in the literature and how you make a contribution to the conversation of learning in your discipline. Asking your supervisor questions, and sharing ideas with other students can nudge this breakthrough in thinking, research and writing.

在读博过程中，重大学习突破或学习飞跃会在不同阶段发生，比如找到确切的研究问题、明确自己的研究在文献中的定位及如何在所学学科的学术对话中作出贡献。向导师提问，与其他学生交流想法，这些都可以推动你在思考、研究和写作方面的突破。

Institutional: don't sit and suffer 在制度层面上，不要默默承受、坐以待毙

Establishing ground rules and managed processes of working together and using the regulations and systems for structured, regular progress meetings will help.

建立合作的基本规则和管理流程，并利用规章制度安排结构化、定期的进展会议，将会有所帮助。

You do not need to endure problems with a supervisor, suffer in your work and worry endlessly about what to do next. There is often a director of research or postgraduate student leader you can talk to about issues, and they may offer structured ways forward to deal with problems. Do use these – don't sit and suffer.

你不必忍受与导师之间的问题，不必在研究工作中受苦受累，也不必无休止地担心下一步该怎么做。通常情况下，你可以向研究主任或研究生负责人咨询相关问题，他们可能会提供有条理的方法来解决问题。要利用好这些资源，不要默默承受、坐以待毙。

Develop mutual sensitivity 相互理解

The supervisor/PhD student relationship can be one of lifelong intellectual friendship, or one of problems that you learn to manage – but mutual sensitivity about working patterns and the emotions tied up with intellectual work is the best basis for good supervisor-student relationships.

导师和博士生之间的关系可能会发展成为终生的智慧伙伴关系，也可能充满挑战，需要学习如何应对。然而，双方对工作模式以及与研究工作相关情绪的相互理解，建立良好导学关系的基础。

20240120拼尽全力？研究发现付出85%才最高效

Try Hard, but Not That Hard. 85% Is the Magic Number for Productivity.

From: The Wall Street Journal

Are you giving it your all? Maybe that's too much.

你是否习惯于全力以赴？或许没必要那么紧绷。

So many of us were raised in the gospel of hard work and max effort, taught that what we put in was what we got out. Now, some coaches and corporate leaders have a new message. To be at your best, dial it back a bit.

从小到大，许多人都被教导着要勤奋工作、全力以赴，我们得到的教诲是一分耕耘、一分收获。但现在有一些专业指导人士和企业领导者提出了新的观点：要达到最佳状态，不妨放松一点。

Trying to run at top speed will actually lead to slower running times, they say, citing fitness research. Lifting heavy weights until you absolutely can't anymore won't spark more muscle gain than stopping a little sooner, one exercise physiologist assured me.

他们援引健身领域的研究说，试图用最快速度跑步，实际上最终会导致跑步成绩变差。一位运动生理学家肯定地告诉我，练举重练到彻底举不动为止，并不会促进增肌，还不如早一点放下来。

The trick—be it in exercise, or anything—is to try for 85%. Aiming for perfection often makes us feel awful, burns us out and backfires. Instead, count the fact that you hit eight out of 10 of your targets this quarter as a win. We don't need to see our work, health or hobbies as binary objectives, perfected or a total failure.

不论是运动，还是任何其他事情，诀窍都在于，尽到85%的努力即可。追求完美往往会让我们感受不佳、筋疲力尽，从而产生事与愿违的效果。其实，只要你的10个季度目标能实现八个，你就算赢了。我们不需要把工作、健康或爱好方面的目标视作非黑即白，认为只有完美无缺或彻底失败这两种可能。

“I already messed it up,” Sherri Phillips would lament after missing one of her daily personal goals.

谢里·菲利普斯(Sherri Phillips)如果没能达到给自己定的某项日常目标，就会哀叹：“我已经搞砸了。”

Last year, the chief operating officer of a Manhattan photography business began tracking metrics like her sleep quality and cardio time on an elaborate spreadsheet. It was only after she switched to aiming for 85% success over the course of a week that she stuck with her efforts, instead of giving up when she missed a mark.

去年，在曼哈顿一家摄影公司担任首席运营官的菲利普斯开始用一张精细的电子表格追踪自己的睡眠质量和有氧运动时间等指标。起初，她只要有一个指标没过关就会放弃，直到她把目标调整为在一周内达到85%的成功率之后，才一路坚持下来。

Dialing in on the sweet spot of 85% can help us grow. In a 2019 paper, researchers used machine learning to try to find the ideal difficulty level to learn new things. The neural network they created, meant to mimic the human brain, learned best when it was faced with queries set to 85% difficulty, meaning it got questions right 85% of the time.

85%是恰到好处的水平，把目标调整到这一水平，能够帮助我们取得进步。在2019年的一篇论文中，研究人员利用机器学习来探索学习新东西的理想难度。他们创建了旨在模仿人脑的神经网络，当该网络面对难度设定为85%的问题时（也就是说，能在85%的情况下答对问题），学习效果最好。

If a task is too hard, humans get demotivated, says Bob Wilson, an author of the study and associate professor of psychology and cognitive science at the University of Arizona. “If you never make any errors, you're 100% accurate, well, you can't learn from the mistakes.”

上述论文的作者、亚利桑那大学（University of Arizona）心理学和认知科学副教授鲍勃·威尔逊（Bob Wilson）说，如果任务太难，人就会失去动力。“如果你从来不犯错，准确率达到100%，就无法从错误中学习”。

Ron Shaich, a founder and former chief executive of restaurant chain Panera, is skeptical of people who hit 100% on bonus targets or sales projections. He wonders if the goals are too low. They should be ambitious enough that you won't always get there, he says.

连锁餐厅Panera的创始人、前首席执行官罗恩·沙伊克（Ron Shaich）对那些次次都能达到奖金目标或销售预期的人持怀疑态度。他怀疑目标是否定得太低。他说，目标应该足够远大，不能总是轻轻松松就能达到。

Presiding over Panera's quarterly earnings reports, he'd aim to exceed guidance eight out of 10 times. The same went for big goals at the company.

沙伊克在负责Panera的季度业绩报告时，会将每10次有八次超出收益预期作为目标。他对待公司大目标的态度也是一样。

Now an investor, board member and author of a coming business book that stresses 80% equals success, Shaich is convinced most companies don't even hit that number.

沙伊克现在是一名投资家、企业董事，他还写了一本即将出版的商业书籍，该书强调，80%等于成功。沙伊克坚信，大多数公司甚至还没有达到这一数字。

“They all talk about what they're going to get done. Then they don't do it,” he says. Reach 80% and, “you're doing great.”

“他们都在谈论要做成什么事情，之后却没有去做，”他说。 达到80%，“你就做得很好了”。

Years ago, as a consultant at Bain, Grace Ueng learned the “80-20 rule.” The idea was to stop once you were 80% complete on a project, she says. That first burst of work often contained the real meat of the project.

格雷丝·翁戈（Grace Ueng）多年前在贝恩（Bain）当咨询师时学到了“80-20法则”。她说，其中的思想是，项目一旦完成了80%，就应该停一停。这前80%的工作往往构成了项目的主要部分。

Now a leadership coach and strategy consultant, Ueng recently took up piano. She practiced for hours and grimaced when she performed for her music group. Then she started doing more targeted exercises, like tackling small chunks of a piece instead of running through the whole thing again and again.

翁戈现在是领导力教练和战略咨询师，最近她弹起了钢琴。在她为乐团表演的时候，她会练习好几个小时，却还是十分头疼。后来她开始做更有针对性的练习，比如处理一小段一小段的乐曲，而不是一遍又一遍地弹奏整首曲子。

Before a recent performance, she read a book and went to church instead of putting in extra hours at the piano.

在最近一次表演之前，她读了一本书，去了教堂，而没有额外花好几个小时来练琴。

When it was time to perform, she played well—and actually enjoyed it.

到了登台表演的时候，她弹得很好——而且真正乐在其中。

“You have to have the wisdom,” she says, “to know when to stop.”

“你必须有智慧，知道什么时候该停下来，”她说。

20240121AI算命师？可预测生死！

Machine learning can accurately predict death nearly 80% of the time, a new study found

From: Business Insider (Dec 24, 2023)

Death and taxes may be the only certainties in life. And now advances in AI may have brought us one step closer to anticipating the former.

死亡和纳税可能是人生中唯一确定的事情。而现在，人工智能的进步或许让我们离预测死亡更近了一步。

A new study found that it's possible to make accurate predictions about a person's death using a subset of AI known as machine learning.

一项新研究发现，利用机器学习（人工智能子领域）可以对一个人的生死做出准确的预测。

The study's authors said the "sheer scale" of their dataset was key to their research. They collected a decade's worth of day-to-day records from more than 6 million people living in Denmark, according to the report.

该研究的作者表示，他们数据集“规模庞大”是其研究的关键。据报道，他们收集了居住在丹麦的600多万人过去十年的日常记录。

The dataset includes health records, salary, working hours, residences, and more. Using that data, the researchers created a deep-learning model called "life2vec" to map out detailed sequences of an individual's life events, according to the study.

该数据集包括健康记录、工资、工作时间、住所等。研究人员利用这些数据，构建了一个名为“life2vec”的深度学习模型，以刻画个人生活事件的详细序列。

To test life2vec, the researchers ran a subset of the data to see if it could predict if someone had survived in the four years after 2016. The researchers knew the answer, but the algorithm did not.

为了测试life2vec模型的有效性，研究人员利用一部分数据进行测试，以确认它是否能预测某人在2016年后的四年内是生是死。尽管研究人员知晓真实答案（是否还活着），但算法是在无该答案的状态下作出预测的。

"To test how good [life2vec] is, we pick a group of 100,000 individuals where half survive and half die," the study's lead author, Sune Lehmann, a professor at the Technical University of Denmark, told CNN. They focused on using individuals between the ages of 30 and 55 — when mortality is harder to predict.

该研究的主要作者、丹麦技术大学教授桑·莱曼（Sune Lehmann）告诉美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）：“为了测试[life2vec]有多好，我们挑选了10万人，其中一半存活，一半死亡。”他们重点选取了年龄在30到55岁之间的人群——在这个年龄段，是否会死亡更难预测。

Life2vec was right about 78% of the time, according to CNN. It found that individuals with high incomes or those who held managerial roles were more likely to survive. It also found that men, skilled workers, or individuals who had been diagnosed with a mental health disorder were more likely to have died.

据CNN报道，Life2vec的预测准确率约为78%。研究发现，高收入者或担任管理职务的人更有可能存活。此外，男性、技术工人或被诊断患有精神疾病的人更有可能死亡。

The model outperformed existing "state-of-the-art methods" by about 11%, the authors said. Not surprisingly, life2vec performs better for groups with a greater number of health events in their records. The researchers found it also performed better with cohorts of younger people and women.

作者表示，与现有“最先进方法”相比，该模型的表现提高了大约11%。不出所料，对于健康事件记录较多的群体，life2vec的表现更为出色。研究人员发现，该模型在预测年轻人和女性群体的生死时也表现更好。

The researchers also used the model to make predictions about more subjective human details, like personality traits, which are typically gathered through questionnaires. Life2vec was able to make predictions about a host of human personality traits from a person's self-esteem to their sociability.

研究人员还利用该模型对更加主观的人类特征进行预测，如性格特征（通常是通过问卷调查收集的）。Life2vec能够预测从自尊心到社交能力等一系列人类性格特征。

While life2vec may sound "ominous and crazy," it's likely to have an impact on work that's already going on in the real world, especially work driven by insurance companies, Lehmann told CNN.

莱曼告诉CNN，虽然life2vec听起来“令人不安且疯狂”，但它可能会对现实世界中已经在展开的工作产生影响，尤其是保险公司驱动的工作。

Google has also been working on AI technology that can predict a person's death by analyzing health records.

谷歌也一直在研究人工智能技术，通过分析健康记录来预测一个人的生死。

Life2vec is not ready to perform any "real-world tasks" in its current state but, theoretically, "We can make any kind of prediction," Lehmann told CNN.

莱曼告诉CNN，Life2vec目前还无法执行任何“现实世界的任务”，但从理论上讲，“我们可以做出任何预测”。

20240122是哪里在下雪啊

Extreme cold still happens in a warming world – in fact climate instability may be disrupting the polar vortex

From: The Conversation

Extremely cold Arctic air and severe winter weather swept southward into much of the U.S. in mid-January 2024, breaking daily low temperature records from Montana to Texas. Tens of millions of people were affected by dangerously cold temperatures, and heavy lake-effect snow and snow squalls have had severe effects across the Great Lakes and Northeast regions.

2024年1月中旬，极端寒冷的北极气流和恶劣的冬季天气向南席卷了美国大部分地区，打破了从蒙大拿州到德克萨斯州的日最低温度记录。数千万人受到危险低温的影响，严重冷流降雪和暴风雪对五大湖和东北部地区造成了严重影响。

After Earth just experienced its hottest year on record, it may seem surprising to set so many cold records. But does this cold snap contradict human-caused global warming? As an atmospheric and climate scientist, I can tell you, absolutely and unequivocally, it does not.

地球刚刚经历了有史以来最热的一年之后，又创下如此多的寒冷记录似乎颇具讽刺。但这次寒潮是否与人为导致的全球变暖相矛盾呢？作为一名大气和气候科学家，我可以明确地告诉你，这并不矛盾。

No single weather event can prove or disprove global warming. Many studies have shown that the number of extreme cold events is clearly decreasing with global warming, as predicted and understood from physical reasoning.

任何单一的天气事件都不能证明或否定全球变暖的事实。许多研究表明，随着全球变暖，极端寒冷事件的数量明显减少，这与物理推理所预测和推断的一致。

Whether global warming may, contrary to expectations, be playing some supporting role in the intensity of these events is an open question. Some research suggests it does.

全球变暖是否会与预期相反，对这些事件的强度起到一定的辅助作用，这还是一个未解之谜。有些研究表明，确实有所影响。

The February 2021 cold wave that severely disrupted the Texas electric grid was also associated with a stretched stratospheric polar vortex. My colleagues and I have provided evidence suggesting that Arctic changes associated with global warming have increased the likelihood of such vortex disruptions. The effects of the enhanced high latitude warming known as Arctic amplification on regional snow cover and sea ice may enhance the weather patterns that, in turn, result in a stretched polar vortex.

2021年2月严重影响德克萨斯州电网的寒潮也与平流层极地涡旋的延伸有关。我和我的同事提供的证据表明，由全球变暖引起的北极变化提高了极地涡旋遭受干扰的可能性。北极放大效应对区域性雪盖和海冰的影响可能加剧了那些进而导致极地涡旋延伸的天气模式。

More recently, we have shown that for large areas of the U.S., Europe and Northeast Asia, while the number of these severe cold events is clearly decreasing – as expected with global warming – it does not appear that their intensity is correspondingly decreasing, despite the rapid warming in their Arctic source regions.

最近，我们发现，在美国、欧洲和东北亚的大部分地区，尽管这些严寒事件的数量明显减少——符合全球变暖的预期——但其强度似乎并没有随着北极地区的快速变暖而相应降低。

So, while the world can expect fewer of these severe cold events in the future, many regions need to remain prepared for exceptional cold when it does occur. A better understanding of the pathways of influence between Arctic surface conditions, the stratospheric polar vortex and mid-latitude winter weather would improve our ability to anticipate these events and their severity.

因此，尽管全球可以预期未来此类严寒事件会减少，但许多地区仍需做好准备，以应对可能出现的极端严寒天气。更好地了解北极地表条件、平流层极地涡旋和中纬度冬季天气之间的影响途径，将提高我们预测这些事件及其严重性的能力。

20240123澳洲媒体报道孙维近况

China poison accused Jasmine Sun discovered living in Australian coastal town of Port Stephens

From: The Australian

A property investor living in a small NSW town stands accused of being at the centre of a mysterious and deadly poisoning that has enthralled millions in China for 30 years.

一名居住在新南威尔士州一个小镇的房地产投资者被指控是一起神秘致命投毒案的核心人物，30年来，这起投毒案在中国引起了数百万人的关注。

Sightings of the woman known as Shiyan “Jasmine” Sun, in Port Stephens, on the northern central NSW coast, have sparked a petition for Anthony Albanese to deport her to China to face questions over the case.

在新南威尔士州中北海岸的史蒂芬斯港（Port Stephens），人们看到了这位叫孙释颜（Shiyan "Jasmine" Sun）的女子，她的出现激起了一场请愿活动，要求澳大利亚总理安东尼·阿尔巴尼斯（Anthony Albanese）将她驱逐回中国，接受有关此案的质询。

Ms Sun and husband Feiyu “Ringo” Xie have built up a multimillion-dollar property portfolio in the region, but according to campaigners seeking justice for her alleged victim, she is the prime suspect in the 1994 poisoning of her university roommate, Zhu Ling.

孙女士和丈夫谢飞宇（Feiyu "Ringo" Xie）在该地区积累了价值数百万美元的房地产投资组合，但据为受害者寻求正义的活动人士称，她是1994年大学室友朱令中毒案的主要嫌疑人。

Zhu died a month ago, turning the long-running tragedy into a potential homicide investigation.

朱令于一个月前去世，这起旷日持久的悲剧变成了一场潜在凶杀案调查。

Campaigners and fellow students have now identified Shiyan Sun as Sun Wei, the woman accused of poisoning Zhu after allegedly becoming jealous of her university roommate's talent, popularity and love life.

活动人士和她的同学们现已确认孙释颜就是孙维，她被指控因嫉妒大学室友的才华、人气和爱情生活而投毒。

They claim she has changed her name, and even her birthday, to shed her previous life as Sun Wei, who was studying chemistry at the university and is believed to have had access to thallium, the highly toxic metal used in the poisoning.

他们声称，她已经改名换姓，连生日都改了，以摆脱孙维的身份。孙维当时在大学学习化学，据信她能够接触到铊，也就是该起投毒案中使用的剧毒金属。

Zhu was left paralysed, almost blind and with the mental capacity of a six-year-old requiring 24-hour care for almost 30 years, sparking a search for justice being conducted by millions of people in China.

朱令瘫痪，几乎失明，智力仅相当于6岁儿童，近30年来需要24小时护理，这引发了中国数百万人对正义的追求。

But with growing calls for Ms Sun to return to China, sources close to her say she fears for her life.

但随着要求孙女士返回中国的呼声越来越高，接近她的消息人士表示，她担心自己的生命安全。

Ms Sun has declined repeated requests to speak to The Australian, with her husband, Mr Xie, describing her situation as “unfortunate”.

孙女士多次拒绝了《澳大利亚人报》（The Australian）的采访请求，她的丈夫谢先生称她的处境“很不幸”。

“It's an unfortunate thing for us, but we are not prepared to comment on anything,” he told The Australian last week.

“对我们来说，这是一件不幸的事，但我们不准备发表任何评论，”他上周告诉《澳大利亚人报》。

“I want to protect her, I don't think it's a good thing, as you can imagine.”

“我想保护她，我觉得这不是好事，你可以想象一下。”

When told that Zhu's family had many questions, he said: “Of course, then publish their side of the story.”

当被告知朱令家人有诸多疑问时，他说：“当然，那就发表他们的观点吧。”

“We need to protect ourselves,” he said.

他说：“我们需要保护自己。”

Mr Xie said his wife's details, including mobile phone numbers, emails, business and property records had been “exposed” by online Chinese amateur detectives trying to solve the Zhu poisoning.

谢先生说，他妻子的详细信息，包括手机号码、电子邮件、商业和财产记录，已被试图侦破朱令中毒案的中国业余侦探在网上“曝光”。

Chinese “netizens” have been targeting individuals who have personal and business dealings with Ms Sun, urging them not to associate with her in an attempt to force her back to China.

中国“网友”一直把矛头指向与孙女士有个人和商业往来的人，敦促他们不要与孙女士往来，试图迫使她回国。

The first evidence of Ms Sun's presence in Australia emerged in 2014 when she purchased three properties in Quakers Hill for $2.11m, before selling them in 2021 and pocketing a tidy $1.47m profit.

2014年，她以211万澳元购买了贵格会山（Quakers Hill）的三处房产，并于2021年将其出售，获得了147万澳元的可观利润，这是她出现在澳大利亚的第一个证据。

In 2015 she purchased a large farm in Booral on the NSW Mid-North Coast before finally settling in the Port Stephens area in 2017.

2015年，她在新南威尔士州中北海岸的布拉尔（Booral）购买了一个大型农场，最终于2017年定居在史蒂芬斯港地区。

Now the couple own five properties between them, including a holiday rental and another freshly renovated and on the market.

如今，这对夫妇共拥有五处房产，包括一处度假出租房和另一处刚刚新装修的待售房产。

On their holiday rental listing, they say they enjoy swimming, kayaking and playing at the various beaches in the Port Stephens area, as well as riding bikes to the fish market to buy fresh oysters and watch the pelicans on the dock.

在他们的度假出租房广告中，他们说他们喜欢在史蒂芬斯港地区的各个海滩游泳、划皮艇和玩耍，也喜欢骑自行车去鱼市场买新鲜牡蛎，在码头上看鹈鹕。

20240124特朗普赢得新罕布什尔州初选

Trump’s Win Adds to Air of Inevitability as Haley Sharpens Edge

From: The New York Times

Donald J. Trump’s victory in the New Hampshire primary on Tuesday provided him the second of an opening pair of wins in the Republican nomination fight that accelerated his push for the party to coalesce behind him and deepened questions about the path forward for Nikki Haley, his lone remaining rival.

周二，特朗普在新罕布什尔州的初选中获胜，拿到了前两场共和党总统候选人提名争夺战的胜利，加速了他推动党内团结一致支持自己的努力，也加深了外界对他仅存的对手妮基·黑利竞选前景的质疑。

The defeat of Ms. Haley in New Hampshire came eight days after the former president trounced Gov. Ron DeSantis of Florida so thoroughly in Iowa that it drove Mr. DeSantis from the race. Mr. Trump and his allies have turned his twin early wins into a milestone — declaring, after just the first two contests, that the party needs to unite behind him now to prepare for a rematch in November between Mr. Trump and President Biden.

黑利于新罕布什尔州初选落败的八天前，特朗普在艾奥瓦州以压倒性的优势击败了佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯，导致后者宣布退选。特朗普及其盟友已将这两场早期胜利宣传为里程碑事件，在这两场初选刚刚划下句点之时，他们就声称，共和党就需要团结在特朗普身后，为他与拜登总统在11月大选的再次对决做好准备。

No Republican candidate has ever won the first two states and then not ultimately secured the presidential nomination, a fact that Mr. Trump himself noted in his victory speech in Nashua, N.H.

历史上还没有哪位拿下最初两州竞选胜利的共和党候选人最终失去总统提名，特朗普本人也在新罕布什尔州纳舒厄市的胜选演说中提到了这一事实。

“When you win Iowa and you win New Hampshire, they’ve never had a loss — there’s never been — so we’re not going to be the first, I can tell you,” Mr. Trump told the crowd.

“如果能赢下艾奥瓦州，又拿下新罕布什尔州，那就没有输过，从来没有。所以，我可以告诉你们，我们也不会成为第一个，”特朗普对人群说道。

Regardless of what comes next, the win on Tuesday sealed Mr. Trump’s status as the party’s standard-bearer in the history books: Before Mr. Trump, the only Republicans who have ever won both the Iowa caucuses and the New Hampshire primary have been sitting presidents.

不管接下来选情如何，周二的胜选都确立了特朗普在共和党历史中的领军人地位：在他之前，凡是能在艾奥瓦州党内初选和新罕布什尔州初选中都获胜的共和党人均为在任总统。

The race was called on Tuesday night by The Associated Press the moment the last polls closed, sapping any drama from the outcome. Minutes later, Ms. Haley raced to speak first at her own election party in Concord, N.H., forcefully pressing her case that nominating Mr. Trump would be tantamount to conceding the general election to Democrats.

在周二晚间最后一批投票站关闭后，美联社立刻宣布了竞选结果，使得竞选结果失去了任何戏剧性。几分钟后，黑利抢先在新罕布什尔州康科德市的个人竞选派对上发表了讲话，强调了她的一贯论点——提名特朗普就等于将大选胜利让给民主党。

“You can’t fix the mess if you don’t win an election,” she said. “A Trump nomination is a Biden win and a Kamala Harris presidency.”

“如果赢不了大选，那就收拾不了烂摊子，”她说。“提名特朗普就是拜登的胜利，就等于卡玛拉·哈里斯当总统。”

Ms. Haley pledged to press forward despite the loss on Tuesday. “New Hampshire is first in the nation — it is not the last in the nation,” she declared. “This race is far from over.”

黑利承诺，即便周二失利，她仍将继续竞选。“新罕布什尔州是全国第一站，但不是最后一站，”她宣称。“这场竞选还远未到终结之时。”

Before Mr. Trump even took the stage on Tuesday night, the former president called Ms. Haley “delusional” in a social media post, one of several he wrote in all capital letters while she spoke.

周二晚间，特朗普甚至在登台之前就已在一篇社交媒体帖子上称黑利“痴人说梦”，在黑利发表讲话之时，他发了好几条字母全部大写的帖子。

It was a preview of a caustic and sometimes crude speech by the former president, in which he used the national platform of a victory address to bash his lone remaining rival, whose voters he would eventually need to win over in the fall.

这是特朗普演讲的前奏，这番演讲时而粗俗，时而刻薄，他利用胜选演说的全国舞台大肆抨击了自己唯一剩下的对手，而他最终还是需要这位对手的支持者在秋天的大选中为他投票。

“She didn’t win. She lost,” Mr. Trump said, calling her an “impostor” that he had beaten “so badly.” He mocked Ms. Haley for delivering an overconfident concession speech: “This is not your typical victory speech, but let’s not let somebody take a victory when she had a very bad night.”

“她没有赢。她输了，”特朗普说，还说她是个“冒牌货”，在他手下败得“很惨”。他嘲笑黑利发表了一场过于自信的败选演讲：“这不是典型的胜利演说，但我们不要让某人在一个非常糟糕的夜晚后摆出胜利的架势。”

Republicans began almost immediately to ratchet up pressure on Ms. Haley to quit.

共和党人几乎立即开始加大对黑利的压力，要求她退选。

“It’s time to drop out,” said Taylor Budowich, the chief executive of Mr. Trump’s super PAC. Senator John Barrasso of Wyoming, who serves in the Republican leadership and had previously endorsed the former president, called Mr. Trump on social media the “presumptive” nominee. And Senator John Cornyn of Texas, who has been critical of Mr. Trump, formally backed him, declaring, “Republicans need to unite around a single candidate.”

“是时候退出了，”特朗普的超级政治行动委员会首席执行官泰勒·布多维奇说。怀俄明州参议员约翰·巴拉索在社交媒体上称特朗普是“推定”提名人，巴拉索是共和党领导层成员，之前曾支持过这位前总统。一直对特朗普持批评态度的得克萨斯州参议员约翰·科宁正式支持他，宣称“共和党人需要团结在一个候选人周围”。

20240125新加坡免签

China, Singapore to Start Mutual Visa-Free Entry on Feb. 9

From: Bloomberg

Citizens from China and Singapore can visit the other without needing a visa starting Feb. 9, as the world’s second-largest economy ramps up efforts to encourage more cross-border exchanges.

从2月9日起，中国和新加坡公民即可免签互访，目前，世界第二大经济体正加大力度鼓励更多跨境交流。

The visa-free plan — which was reached Thursday in a bilateral agreement — will allow Chinese and Singaporeans to stay in the other country for up to 30 days without a travel permit, according to China’s state broadcaster China Central Television.

据中国国家电视台中国中央电视台（China Central Television）报道，这项免签计划于周四在一项双边协议中达成，将允许中国和新加坡公民在对方国家停留长达30天，无需旅行许可。

The proposal has been in the works for weeks, with Singapore’s government announcing last month that the two sides were looking to establish a reciprocal arrangement during Deputy Prime Minister Lawrence Wong’s visit to China.

这一提议已酝酿数周，新加坡政府上月在副总理黄循财（Lawrence Wong）访华期间宣布，双方正寻求建立互惠协定。

China began opening up to Singapore by restoring visa-free entry to passport holders from the country in July 2023, more than three years after the onset of the pandemic forced a suspension. Currently, Singaporeans can travel to China for up to 15 days without a visa. Chinese passport holders need one to enter the Southeast Asian city-state.

自2023年7月起，中国对新加坡公民开放免签政策，恢复了疫情后暂停超过三年的免签入境。目前，新加坡公民可免签前往中国最多15天。中国公民则需要签证才能进入这个东南亚城市国家。

Beijing has demonstrated an increasing drive to promote tourism and business links. China has scrapped visa requirements for 11 countries since last year.

中国日益加大力度促进旅游业和商业往来。自去年以来，中国已取消了对11个国家的签证要求。

The nation has imposed other measures to open up the economy, including making it easier to apply for visas on arrival. It’s also cut visa application fees for foreign nationals.

中国还采取了其他开放经济的措施，包括简化落地签手续。同时降低了外国公民的签证申请费。

Singapore and China reach agreement on mutual 30-day visa-free entry; arrangement begins on Feb 9

From: Channel News Asia

Singapore and China have agreed to a 30-day mutual visa-free entry for their citizens, close to two months after the proposal was first announced.

新加坡和中国已就两国公民互免入境签证30天达成协定，这距离该提议首次公布已近两个月。

Government representatives from both sides signed the agreement on Thursday (Jan 25). The arrangement formally enters into force on Feb 9, the eve of Chinese New Year, according to Chinese state broadcaster CCTV News.

双方政府代表于周四（1月25日）签署了该协定。据中国国家电视台中央电视台（CCTV）新闻报道，该协定于2月9日，即农历除夕，正式生效。

Under the agreement, Singaporeans and Chinese citizens holding ordinary passports can enter China or Singapore without a visa for no more than 30 days if they are travelling for business, sightseeing, visiting friends and family, or other private affairs.

根据该协定，双方持普通护照人员可免签入境对方国家从事旅游、探亲、商务等私人事务，停留不超过30日。

Those who plan to engage in activities that require prior approval, such as work or news reporting, or plan to stay for more than 30 days, must still secure the relevant visa before entry.

入境对方国家从事工作、新闻报道等须事先批准的活动以及拟在对方国家停留超过30日的，须在入境对方国家前办妥相应签证。

CNA has contacted Singapore’s Foreign Affairs Ministry and the Chinese Embassy in Singapore for comment.

亚洲新闻台（CNA）已就此事联系新加坡外交部和中国驻新加坡大使馆，寻求置评。

Singaporeans holding ordinary passports can currently enter China without a visa for 15 days for purposes like sightseeing, visiting family and business. Chinese citizens currently require a visa to enter Singapore.

目前，持有普通护照的新加坡公民可以免签证入境中国15天，从事旅游、探亲、商务等事务。中国公民目前需要签证才能入境新加坡。

China resumed 15-day visa-free entry for Singaporeans in July last year, more than three years after the arrangement was suspended because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

去年7月，中国恢复了对新加坡公民为期15天的免签入境政策，三年多前，这一政策因疫情而暂停。

Plans for the 30-day mutual visa exemption agreement were announced nearly two months ago, during the highest-level annual bilateral forum between Singapore and China.

近两个月前，新中两国在最高级别的年度双边论坛上宣布了30天互免签证协议的计划。

The 19^th Joint Council for Bilateral Cooperation meeting was co-chaired by Singapore’s Deputy Prime Minister Lawrence Wong and Chinese Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang for the first time.

中新双边合作联委会第十九次会议由中国国务院副总理丁薛祥和新加坡副总理黄循财共同主持。

At the time, Mr Ding said the visa-free arrangement would “provide greater convenience for people-to-people exchanges”.

当时，丁薛祥强调，免签协定将“为两国人民的交流提供更大的便利”。

20240126李娜之后，郑钦文闯入澳网决赛！

Zheng Qinwen, China's new tennis star with a heart-wrenching backstory and big forehand

From: The Athletic

Zheng Qinwen has reached her first Grand Slam final. In fact, she is the first person from China to do so in 10 years.

郑钦文首次闯入大满贯决赛。事实上，她是10年来首位闯入大满贯决赛的中国选手。

Zheng grew up watching the last Chinese Grand Slam winner, Li Na, and has said she has watched the 2014 Australian Open final 'at least 10 times.' If you have been on tennis social media, no doubt you will have come across the image of Zheng watching Li win 10 years ago, transfixed by her achievement. Tennis in China was expected to boom as a result.

郑钦文成长过程中一直仰慕着中国上一位大满贯冠军李娜，她曾表示自己“至少看了10次”2014年澳网决赛。如果你在社交媒体上关注过网球，你一定看过一张郑钦文10年前看着李娜夺冠的照片，她被李娜的成就深深吸引。中国网球有望再次蓬勃发展。

It has taken until now for that to start to come to fruition.

历经时光洗礼，如今的郑钦文正将这份期待化为现实。

One viral video this week saw Li sneak up on Zheng mid-interview and greet her like you would your best friend — with a smack on the bum. Zheng says they had barely met before this tournament. It is not every day you get to not only meet your idol but become buddies with them, too.

本周一段热门视频显示，李娜在采访中悄悄走近郑钦文，像和最好的朋友打招呼一样——拍了拍她的屁股。郑钦文表示，在这次比赛之前，他们几乎没见过面。并不是每天都有机会不仅见到你的偶像，还能和他们成为好友。

But before you go any further, stop and read this piece by Matt Futterman. It is the heart-wrenching story of Zheng Qinwen's childhood when, as a seven-year-old, she was taken by her father to Wuhan to display her talent to a higher-level coach.

但在进一步了解郑钦文之前，不妨先阅读马特·福特曼（Matt Futterman）的文章。这篇报道讲述了郑钦文童年的心酸故事：七岁的郑钦文被父亲带到武汉，向资深教练展示其网球天赋的经历。

Australian Open journey 澳网之旅

The end of Zheng's 2023 season was kiboshed by the return of Naomi Osaka. Wim Fissette had been her coach and the key to her climbing the rankings in 2023, reaching the quarterfinal of the U.S. Open before being stopped in her tracks by one Aryna Sabalenka, her opponent for Saturday's final.

郑钦文的2023赛季因大坂直美（Naomi Osaka）的回归而戛然而止。维姆·菲塞特（Wim Fissette）曾是她的教练，帮助她在2023年排名迅速上升，打进美网八强，直到在半决赛中被阿莉娜·萨巴伦卡（Aryna Sabalenka）拦住了脚步，莉娜·萨巴伦卡也是本周六决赛她将对阵的对手。

Osaka's return to the sport after the birth of her first child, Shai, meant a reunion with Fissette. Zheng was devastated. “There is nothing I want to say about Wim Fissette,” she told reporters earlier this week.

大阪直美在生下第一个孩子沙伊（Shai）后重返赛场，这意味着她将与维姆·菲塞特再次合作。郑钦文对此感到非常难过。“对于维姆·菲塞特，我没有什么想说的，”她在本周早些时候的采访中说。

That led Zheng to do the same and reunite with coach Pere Riba, who was alongside Coco Gauff during her success at the U.S. Open in 2023.

这促使郑钦文也做出了同样的决定，与教练佩雷·里巴（Pere Riba）再次合作。他曾在2023年美网期间陪伴可可·高芙（Coco Gauff）取得佳绩。

Zheng's route to the final has been without any great hurdles. Not once has she played someone within the top 50. Her highest-ranked opponent was Great Britain's Katie Boulter (54). That said, she has spent more than 11 hours on court.

郑钦文晋级决赛的道路上并没有遇到太大障碍。她没有遇到世界排名前50的对手。她遇到排名最高的对手是英国选手凯蒂·布尔特（Katie Boulter，排名第54）。尽管如此，她在球场上还是奋战了超过11个小时。

This creates a small issue when analysing Zheng's game because she has not been tested by anyone remotely close to her ranking at this Grand Slam.

正因为如此，分析郑钦文的打法就显得有些困难，因为她在本次大满贯赛事中还未遇到与她排名相近的对手。

The main battle she faces is thinking too much. “I think at the beginning of the first set I'm just thinking too much… Of course, that's one of my problems,” she said after her quarterfinal. “So when I lost the first set directly, I tried to tell myself: ‘Stay focused. Don't think too much. Just focus right now.'”

她面临的主要挑战是想得太多。“我认为在第一盘开始时，我想得太多了……当然，这是我的问题之一，”她在四分之一决赛后说。“所以当我直接输掉第一盘时，我试着告诉自己：‘保持专注。不要想太多。只关注眼前。’”

Zheng says Li offered her a similar observation: “It's really simple advice: don't think too much.”

郑钦文说，李娜也给了她类似的建议：“其实很简单，就是不要想太多。”

Expect the Rod Laver Arena to be filled on Saturday with shouts of “jiayou”, which means “vamos” in Mandarin, as Zheng looks to emulate her idol and win at Melbourne Park.

预计本周六，罗德·拉沃尔球场将充满“加油”的呼声，郑钦文将力图跟随其偶像的脚步，在墨尔本公园球场夺冠。

Zheng is excited to reach the final. Someone just remind her to not think about it.

对于能够进入决赛，郑钦文感到非常高兴。谁来提醒她别想那么多！

20240127白宫回应泰勒斯威夫特AI照疯传

White House calls explicit AI-generated Taylor Swift images 'alarming,' urges Congress to act

From: Fox News

The White House reacted Friday to the explicit, AI-generated images of music superstar Taylor Swift that had gone viral this week, calling it "alarming" and leaning on Congress for a legislative crackdown.

周五，白宫对本周疯传的人工智能生成音乐巨星泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）的不雅图像作出回应，称其“令人震惊”，并敦促国会进行立法打击。

"We are alarmed by the reports of the circulation of images… of false images to be more exact. And it is alarming," White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre said at the White House press briefing. "So while social media companies make their own independent decisions about content management, we believe they have an important role to play in enforcing their own rules to prevent the spread of misinformation and non-consensual, intimate imagery of real people."

白宫新闻秘书卡里娜·让-皮埃尔（Karine Jean-Pierre）在白宫新闻发布会上表示：“我们对于虚假图像的传播感到震惊。这种行为令人担忧。因此，虽然社交媒体公司在内容管理上有自己的独立决策，但我们认为，他们在执行自己的规则以防止虚假信息和未经同意的私密图像传播方面可以发挥重要作用。”

Jean-Pierre said the "lax enforcement" of non-consensual pornographic imagery that surfaces online "disproportionately impacts women" and "girls sadly," saying they are the "overwhelming targets of online harassment and also abuse."

卡里娜·让-皮埃尔表示，网上出现未经同意的色情图像“执法不严”，“对女性和女孩产生了极其巨大的影响”，并称她们是“网络骚扰和网络暴力的主要受害者。”

"So the president is committed, as you know, to ensuring we reduce the risk of generative AI producing images like through his latest executive order that we announced just in the fall of last year. So this problem is not new," the Biden spokeswoman continued. "And it's one that the Biden-Harris administration has been prioritizing since day one. We have taken this very seriously. Again, this is alarming to us. As you know, he launched a task force to address online harassment and abuse… The Department of Justice launched the first national 24/7 helpline for survivors of image-based sexual abuse."

“如你所知，拜登总统致力于降低AI生成此类图像的风险，比如去年秋季发布的最新行政命令。因此，这一问题并不罕见，”拜登发言人继续说道。“拜登-哈里斯政府从一开始就把这个问题放在首位。我们非常重视这一问题。同样，这一问题令人担忧。如你所知，他成立了一个特别工作组来解决网络骚扰和网络暴力问题……司法部为基于图像的性虐待受害者推出了首个全国性全天候求助热线。”

When asked whether there should be legislation to combat such AI-generated imagery, Jean-Pierre quickly responded, "Yeah."

当被问及是否应该立法打击这种人工智能生成的图像时，卡里娜·让-皮埃尔迅速回应道：“是的。”

"There should be legislation, obviously, to deal with this issue," Jean-Pierre said. "Of course, Congress should take legislative action. That's how you deal with some of these issues, obviously. But you know, it is alarming to us and we're gonna continue to do what we can from the federal government."

“显然应该立法来解决这个问题，”卡里娜·让-皮埃尔说。“当然，国会应该采取立法行动。很显然，这就是处理某些问题的方式。但你知道，这让我们感到担忧，我们将继续从联邦政府层面做出我们所能做的。”

The SAG-AFTRA actors union also released a statement denouncing the false images of Swift.

美国演员工会（SAG-AFTRA）也发表声明，谴责关于斯威夫特的虚假图像。

"The sexually explicit, A.I.-generated images depicting Taylor Swift are upsetting, harmful, and deeply concerning," SAG-AFTRA said in a statement. "The development and dissemination of fake images — especially those of a lewd nature — without someone’s consent must be made illegal. We have it in our power to control these technologies, but we must act now before it is too late."

美国演员工会在一份声明中表示：“人工智能生成的泰勒·斯威夫特色情图像令人不安、有害，且极其令人关切。未经他人同意而制作和传播虚假图像，尤其是淫秽图像，必须被定为违法行为。我们有能力控制这些技术，但我们必须现在就采取行动，以免为时已晚。”

The group added, "SAG-AFTRA continues to support legislation by Congressman Joe Morelle, the Preventing Deepfakes of Intimate Images Act, to make sure we stop exploitation of this nature from happening again. We support Taylor, and women everywhere who are the victims of this kind of theft of their privacy and right to autonomy."

该组织补充道：“美国演员工会继续支持国会议员乔·莫雷尔（Joe Morelle）的《防止私密图像深度伪造法案》，以确保制止此类行径再次发生。我们支持泰勒，以及全球因此类隐私和自主权遭到侵犯而成为受害者的女性。”

20240128韩国吃炸牙签视频爆红

Videos of South Koreans Eating Fried Toothpicks Have Gone Viral. Health Officials Want Them to Stop

From: TIME

South Korea’s Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) issued a warning urging people to stop eating deep fried toothpicks. Videos of people preparing and eating the toothpicks have gone viral on TikTok and Instagram in recent months, and appear to be especially popular in South Korea.

韩国食品药品安全部（MFDS）发布警告，敦促人们停止食用油炸牙签。最近几个月，人们在TikTok和Instagram上制作和食用油炸牙签的视频在网上疯传，这一做法在韩国似乎特别受欢迎。

“This is not a product to eat!” South Korea’s Ministry of Food and Drug Safety wrote in a post on X. “Their safety as food has not been verified!”

“这不是一种可食用产品！”韩国食品药品安全部在X上发帖称，“其作为食品的安全性尚未得到验证！”

In the videos appearing on social media, individuals can be seen frying toothpicks so that they appear similar to curly fries. But unlike the wooden toothpicks often found in the U.S., most toothpicks in South Korea are made of corn or potato starch mixed with sorbitol, a sweet sugar alcohol found naturally in various fruits. Because of this, they are biodegradable and dissolve in water. The toothpicks also often have green food coloring added to them and are frequently used in restaurants.

在社交媒体上广泛传播的视频中，可以看到人们将牙签油炸，使其看起来像卷曲的炸薯条。但与美国常见的木制牙签不同，韩国的大多数牙签是由玉米或土豆淀粉与山梨醇（一种天然存在于各种水果中的甜糖醇）混合制成的。因此它们具有生物可降解性，且可溶于水。这种牙签通常还添加了绿色食用色素，在餐馆中广泛使用。

“Mukbang” videos, which show content creators eating excessive amounts of strange or unusual foods, have grown extremely popular in South Korea in recent years. The emergence of fried toothpicks on social media is the latest example of “Mukbang” videos.

近年来，内容创作者食用大量奇怪或不寻常的食物的“吃播”视频在韩国非常流行。社交媒体上出现炸牙签就是“吃播”视频的最新潮流。

In 2018, the South Korean government attempted to impose regulations on these videos to prevent them from encouraging binge eating and harming public health.

2018年，韩国政府试图对这些视频实施监管，以防止它们鼓励暴饮暴食，损害公众健康。

South Korea warns against social media trend of eating fried toothpicks

From: Reuters

A health warning from South Korea's food ministry has urged people not to eat fried toothpicks made of starch in a shape resembling curly fries, after the practice went viral in social media posts.

韩国食品部门发布健康警告，敦促人们不要食用形状类似于卷曲薯条的油炸淀粉牙签。此前这种做法在社交媒体上广为流传。

Video clips showing people consuming the deep-fried starch toothpicks with seasoning such as powdered cheese have racked up thousands of likes and shares on TikTok and Instagram.

在TikTok和Instagram上，人们食用添加奶酪粉等调料的油炸淀粉牙签的短视频获得了成千上万的点赞和分享。

"Their safety as food has not been verified," the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety said in a posting on Wednesday on social media platform X, formerly known as Twitter. "Please do not eat (them)."

周三，韩国食品药品安全部（MFDS）在社交媒体平台X（原推特）上发帖称：“其作为食品的安全性尚未得到验证，请不要食用（它们）。”

Videos of the toothpicks, a sanitary product, being fried in oil and eaten were going viral, it added.

该部门补充说，牙签是一种卫生产品，被油炸后食用的视频正在网上疯传。

Food colouring is used to impart a green hue to the toothpicks, made from sweet potato or corn starch, which are seen as being environmentally friendly and biodegradable.

这些绿色牙签添加了食用色素，由红薯或玉米淀粉制成，被认为既环保又可生物降解。

Often used in restaurants in South Korea, they can also be used to pick up finger foods.

这些牙签经常在韩国的餐厅使用，也可以用来品尝小食。

Online eating shows, called "Mukbang", which often show people eating an excessive amount of food or unusual dishes, are popular in South Korea.

在韩国，名为“吃播”的在线美食视频很受欢迎，这些视频中人们经常食用大量或不同寻常的食物。

"It's very crispy," one TikTok user said in a video, while crunching up fried toothpicks.

一位TikTok用户在视频中一边咀嚼油炸牙签一边说：“非常脆。”

20240129蒙娜丽莎又遭泼墨了

Protesters hurl soup at the 'Mona Lisa' in Paris

From: CNN

Protesters hurled soup at the “Mona Lisa” painting in Paris on Sunday, but it was protected from damage by its glass casing.

周日，活动人士向巴黎卢浮宫博物馆名画《蒙娜丽莎》（Mona Lisa）泼洒汤汁。不过画作受到玻璃保护，未遭到损坏。

The environmental group Riposte Alimentaire — which roughly translates to “Food Response” — said two protesters involved with its campaign were behind the vandalism.

环保组织Riposte Alimentaire（大致译为“食品回应”）称，此次破坏行为是其组织中两名成员所为。

A video of the incident shows the demonstrators throwing orange-colored soup from bottles before ducking beneath a protective barrier to address onlookers. “What is more important: art or the right to a healthy and sustainable diet?” one is heard asking.

视频显示，活动人士向画作泼洒橙色汤汁，随后俯身越过保护栏，向围观人群发表讲话。其中一人问道：“艺术与健康、可持续饮食权利相比，哪个更重要？”

Staff members at the Louvre are then seen moving black screens between visitors and the protesters.

紧接着，巴黎卢浮宫工作人员迅速出现，用黑色屏风隔开了参观者和活动人士。

The museum evacuated the “Salle des Etats” room, which houses the “Mona Lisa,” though it has since reopened.

卢浮宫博物馆疏散了存放《蒙娜丽莎》的展厅参观者，但不久后该展厅又重新开放。

“Two activists from the environmental movement 'Riposte Alimentaire' sprayed pumpkin soup on the armoured glass protecting the Mona Lisa, this Sunday, January 28, 2024, around 10am,” a statement from the museum said. “The Louvre's security staff immediately intervened.”

卢浮宫博物馆在声明中表示：“2024年1月28日星期日上午10点左右，来自环保组织Riposte Alimentaire的两名活动人士在保护《蒙娜丽莎》的防弹玻璃上泼洒南瓜汤。卢浮宫博物馆安保人员立即介入。”

The museum said it was lodging a complaint.

卢浮宫博物馆表示正在进行投诉。

In a series of social media posts about the incident, Riposte Alimentaire said it wanted to draw attention to unsustainable food production and hunger in France, calling for “the integration of food into the general social security system.”

Riposte Alimentaire在社交媒体上发布了关于此事件的一系列帖子，表示其目的是希望引起人们对不可持续食品生产和法国饥饿问题的关注，并呼吁“将食品纳入综合社会保障制度。”

According to its website, Riposte Alimentaire is part of the A22 Network, a collection of activist groups — including Just Stop Oil, which orchestrated a similar attack on Vincent van Gogh's “Sunflowers” in London in 2022 — known for disruptive climate protests.

根据其网站，Riposte Alimentaire隶属于A22网络，该网络由多个激进组织构成，其中包括停止石油（Just Stop Oil）组织。停止石油组织以进行破坏性的气候抗议而为人们所知，曾于2022年在伦敦针对文森特·梵高（Vincent van Gogh）的画作《向日葵》（Sunflowers）策划了类似的破坏行为。

The incident comes amid widespread demonstrations by French farmers about pay, competition and government regulations.

该事件发生之际，法国农民正就薪酬、竞争和政府监管等问题举行大规模示威活动。

Posting to X, the platform formerly known as Twitter, French Culture Minister Rachida Dati condemned the Louvre protest. “The Mona Lisa, like our heritage, belongs to future generations,” she wrote. “No cause can justify it being targeted!”

法国文化部长拉奇达·达蒂（Rachida Dati）在X平台上对这次卢浮宫抗议行为表示谴责，她写道：“《蒙娜丽莎》就像我们的遗产一样，属于子孙后代。任何理由都不能成为将其作为破坏的目标！”

“I extend all my support to the staff of @museeLouvre,” added Dati, who was appointed as Culture Minister by France's new Prime Minister, Gabriel Attal, earlier this month.

达蒂补充说：“我向卢浮宫博物馆全体工作人员表示全力支持。”达蒂是本月早些时候由法国新任总理加布里埃尔·阿塔尔（Gabriel Attal）任命的文化部长。

Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece the “Mona Lisa” hangs in the Louvre museum and is arguably the most famous painting in the world. Millions of visitors each year line up to see, photograph or pose with the small artwork, which is just over 2.5 feet tall and under 2 feet wide.

列奥纳多·达·芬奇（Leonardo da Vinci）的杰作《蒙娜丽莎》悬挂在卢浮宫博物馆，可以说是世界上最著名的画作。每年有数以百万计的参观者排队观看、拍照或与这件小艺术品合影留念，这件艺术品高2.5英尺多，宽不到2英尺。

Painted in the early 16^th century, the enigmatic portrait is no stranger to both vandalism and thievery.

这幅神秘的肖像画创作于16世纪早期，经常遭到破坏和盗窃。

It was stolen in 1911 by a Louvre employee, raising its international profile, and the bottom of the canvas suffered an acid attack in the 1950s, leading the museum to beef up protective measures surrounding the work, including bulletproof glass.

1911年，这幅画作被卢浮宫博物馆的员工偷走，从而提高了它的国际知名度。20世纪50年代，画布底部遭到酸液侵蚀破坏，导致卢浮宫博物馆加强了针对该画作的保护措施，包括防弹玻璃。

In 2009, a woman angrily threw a ceramic cup at the painting, breaking the cup but leaving the painting unharmed.

2009年，一名女子愤怒地将一个陶瓷杯扔向该画作，杯子碎了，但画作未受损毁。

Then in 2022, a visitor smeared frosting all over the Renaissance-era painting's protective glass.

2022年，一名参观者在这幅文艺复兴时期画作的保护玻璃上涂满了糖霜。

20240130马斯克官宣首次脑机接口人体实验

Elon Musk announces first Neuralink wireless brain chip implant

From: BBC

Tech billionaire Elon Musk says his Neuralink company has successfully implanted one of its wireless brain chips in a human for the first time.

科技界亿万富翁埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）宣布，他的Neuralink公司首次成功地将一款无线脑机芯片植入人体。

Initial results detected promising neuron spikes or nerve impulses and the patient is recovering well, he said.

他说，初步结果显示神经元尖峰或神经冲动活跃，患者恢复良好。

The company's goal is to connect human brains to computers and it says it wants to help tackle complex neurological conditions.

Neuralink公司的目标是将人脑与计算机连接起来，旨在帮助解决复杂的神经系统疾病。

A number of rival companies have already implanted similar devices.

一些竞争对手公司已经植入了类似的设备。

BBC News has approached both Neuralink and the US's medical regulator, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), for comment.

BBC新闻已就此向Neuralink公司和美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）请求置评。

Mr Musk's company was given permission to test the chip on humans by the FDA in May, a critical milestone after earlier struggles to gain approval.

今年5月，马斯克的公司获得FDA批准，可以在人类身上测试这款芯片，成为一个重要的里程碑，此前一直难以获批。

This gave the green light for the start of the six-year study during which a robot is being used to surgically place 64 flexible threads, thinner than a human hair, on to a part of the brain that controls "movement intention", according to Neuralink.

据Neuralink公司介绍，此次获批为这项为期六年的研究铺平了道路。研究期间将使用机器人通过手术将64根比人类头发丝还细的柔性线植入到大脑中控制“运动意图”的区域。

The company says that these threads allow its experimental implant - powered by a battery that can be charged wirelessly - to record and transmit brain signals wirelessly to an app that decodes how the person intends to move.

该公司称，这些线可以让其实验性植入物（由可无线充电的电池供电）记录大脑信号并以无线方式传输到到一个能够解码人类运动意图的应用程序。

Posting on X, the social media platform he owns which was formerly known as Twitter, Mr Musk said Neuralink's first product would be called Telepathy.

马斯克先生在他旗下社交媒体平台X（原推特）上发帖称，Neuralink公司的首款产品命名为“心灵感应”（Telepathy）。

Telepathy, he said, would enable "control of your phone or computer, and through them almost any device, just by thinking".

他说，心灵感应这款产品将实现“仅靠意念就能控制手机或电脑，进而几乎控制任何设备”。

"Initial users will be those who have lost the use of their limbs," he continued.

“首批使用者将是失去四肢功能的人，”他接着说。

Referring to the late British scientist who had motor neurone disease, he added: "Imagine if Stephen Hawking could communicate faster than a speed typist or auctioneer. That is the goal."

在谈到患有运动神经元疾病的已故英国科学家史蒂芬·霍金（Stephen Hawking）时，他补充说：“想象一下，如果霍金能够以比速记员或拍卖师更快的速度进行交流。这就是我们的目标。”

While Mr Musk's involvement raises the profile of Neuralink, he faces rivals, some of who have a track record dating back two decades. Utah-based Blackrock Neurotech implanted its first of many brain-computer interfaces in 2004.

虽然马斯克的参与提升了Neuralink公司的知名度，但他同样面临着不少竞争对手公司，其中一些公司的历史可以追溯到20年前。总部位于犹他州的Blackrock Neurotech公司于2004年植入了第一个脑机接口。

Precision Neuroscience, formed by a Neuralink co-founder, also aims to help people with paralysis. And its implant resembles a very thin piece of tape that sits on the surface of the brain and can be implanted via a "cranial micro-slit", which it says is a much simpler procedure.

由Neuralink公司联合创始人之一创立的Precision Neuroscience公司也致力于帮助瘫痪患者。该公司的植入物类似于一条非常薄的胶带，可放置在大脑表面，通过“颅骨微切口”植入，据称这是一种更简单的手术。

Existing devices have also generated results. In two separate recent US scientific studies, implants were used to monitor brain activity when a person tried to speak, which could then be decoded to help them communicate.

现有设备也取得了成果。在美国最近的两项独立科学研究中，利用植入物来监测人们试图说话时的大脑活动，然后解码这些活动，以帮助他们进行交流。

20240131执行死刑！“不留着过年”

China Executes Couple For Double Child Murder That Shocked Nation

From: AFP

China on Wednesday executed a couple for throwing two young children out of the window of an apartment building, in a case that caused nationwide outrage.

中国于周三对张波、叶诚尘执行了死刑，他们因将两名幼童从一栋住宅楼的窗户抛出而被定罪，此案在全国引起了公愤。

Zhang Bo and Ye Chengchen were previously found responsible for the fatal falls of the two-year-old girl and one-year-old boy from the 15^th floor of a residential tower in southwest China's Chongqing.

此前两人因将两名幼童从位于中国西南部重庆市一栋住宅楼15楼的窗户抛出致死而被控告。

Zhang, who was the father of the two children, had begun an affair with Ye, who was initially unaware he was married and had children.

张波是这两名幼童的父亲，与叶诚尘有染，而叶诚尘起初并不知道他已婚已育。

She then urged Zhang to kill his two children, which she "regarded as obstacles" to their getting married and a "burden on their future life together", the Chongqing No. 5 Intermediate People's Court said in a statement.

重庆市第五中级人民法院在声明中表示，她随后催促张波作案杀死他的两个孩子，她将两个孩子“视为其与张波结婚的障碍”和“以后共同生活的负担”。

In November 2020, Zhang threw his children out of the window of the apartment in the absence of his mother.

2020年11月，张波趁其母亲外出之机，将孩子从家中窗户扔出。

Both were found guilty of conspiring "to kill his daughter and younger son by staging an accidental fall from the 15^th floor of his apartment building", state-backed China Daily reported last year.

据官方媒体《中国日报》（China Daily）去年报道，两人共谋“杀死他的两个孩子，采用制造意外从住宅楼15楼高坠方式作案”，构成故意杀人罪。

The couple were sentenced to death in December 2021 and executed Wednesday, the court said.

法院表示，两人于2021年12月被判处死刑，并于本周三执行。

The news came the same day as another high-profile execution -- of Wu Xieyu, found guilty of killing his mother by repeatedly striking her with a dumbbell in 2015, a statement by a court in eastern Fujian province said.

同一天，还有另一起备受瞩目的执行死刑案件。福建省福州市中级人民法院在声明中表示，吴谢宇于2015年持哑铃杠连续猛击母亲致其死亡，构成故意杀人罪。

Sentences are frequently handed down for crimes ranging from drug trafficking to corruption and murder, with lethal injection the most common method of execution.

从贩毒到贪污和谋杀等一系列罪行都会被判处死刑，注射死刑是最常见的执行方法。

Zhang and Ye's crime sent shock waves across China for its cold-blooded premeditation, as well as the youth of the victims.

张波和叶诚尘的罪行因其冷血预谋以及受害者的年幼而在中国引起轩然大波。

Their executions quickly rose to the top of a list of trending topics on Chinese social media site Weibo on Wednesday, receiving nearly 200 million views.

周三，他们被执行死刑的消息迅速登上了中国社交媒体平台微博的热搜榜榜首，浏览量接近2亿。

"Today is truly a good day," read one widely liked comment under a related post by state news agency Xinhua.

“今天真是个好日子，”官方媒体新华社一篇相关帖子下的一条热评写道。

"The punishment fits the crime", wrote another.

另一位网友写道：“罪有应得。”

20240201扎克伯格美国会现场道歉

'You Have Blood on Your Hands': Senators Say Tech Platforms Hurt Children

From: The Wall Street Journal

Meta Platforms' Mark Zuckerberg and other tech CEOs faced withering bipartisan criticism on Wednesday from senators who said social-media platforms must bear more legal liability when children are harmed online.

Meta Platforms的扎克伯格（Markuckerberg）以及其他一些科技公司的CEO周三遭到两党参议员的严厉批评，这些参议员表示，当儿童在网上受到伤害，社交媒体平台必须承担更多法律责任。

“You have blood on your hands,” Sen. Lindsey Graham told the executives during a hearing of the Senate Judiciary Committee, eliciting applause from a packed audience that included many holding pictures of children.

南卡罗来纳州共和党参议员格雷厄姆（Lindsey Graham）在参议院司法委员会听证会上对这些高管表示：“你们的手上沾血。”在场听众对此报以掌声，很多听众手举儿童照片。

The Wall Street Journal has highlighted persistent dangers to children on social-media platforms, including how Instagram's algorithms connect a vast network of pedophiles. Several lawmakers cited the Journal's reporting in their criticism, and they pointed to a wave of lawsuits filed by parents and state attorneys general seeking to hold platforms accountable. Senators noted that many had been dismissed under laws designed to protect online speech.

《华尔街日报》（The Wall Street Journal）此前专门报道过社交媒体平台对儿童的危害，比如Instagram的算法如何让恋童癖形成一个庞大的网络群体。几名议员在抨击时引用了《华尔街日报》的报道，并指出家长和各州总检察长已提起一大波诉讼，试图让社媒平台担责。参议员们指出，根据保护网络言论的法律，许多诉讼都被驳回了。

Senate Judiciary Chairman Dick Durbin blasted the executives for a “crisis” in child sexual exploitation online.

参议院司法委员会主席、伊利诺伊州民主党参议员Dick Durbin斥责道，科技业高管对网上的儿童性剥削“危机”负有责任。

“Their design choices, their failures to adequately invest in trust and safety, and their constant pursuit of engagement and profit over basic safety have all put our kids and grandkids at risk,” he said.

他说：“他们在设计方面做出的选择，他们在信任和安全方面投资不足，他们一味追求参与度和利润却忽视了基本安全，都将我们的孩子和孙辈置于危险之中。”

Zuckerberg, who got many of the most pointed questions, told lawmakers there are positive aspects of children's interactions on Meta platforms. He also praised Facebook's investment in child-safety work, saying the company has gone beyond legal requirements in seeking to remove abusive material.

扎克伯格被问到许多最尖锐的问题，他对议员们表示，儿童在Meta平台上的互动有积极的一面。他还称赞Facebook在儿童安全方面的投入，称该公司正在努力删除恶劣内容，力度超过法律要求的程度。

“I'm proud of the work that our teams do to improve online child safety on our services and across the entire internet,” Zuckerberg said, pointing to technology that detects inappropriate or abusive content and tools that he said help parents get more involved in children's decisions.

扎克伯格说：“我们的团队正在改善我们的服务乃至整个互联网上的儿童上网安全，我对此感到自豪。”他指出，通过一些技术可以识别网上的不当和有害内容，一些工具也可以帮助家长参与孩子们的决定。

Meta reported about 27.2 million instances of suspected child sexual-abuse material on its main platforms to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children in 2022, far more than any other company, according to the nonprofit group's data. The U.S. total for all platforms was about 32 million in 2022.

根据非营利组织美国国家失踪和受虐儿童中心（National Center for Missing and Exploited Children）的数据，2022年，Meta向该中心报告了其主要平台上约2,720万例疑似儿童性虐待的材料，上报数量远远超过其他公司。2022年，美国所有平台共计向该中心上报此类材料3,200万例。

But Meta has announced plans to encrypt messaging on its platforms, a step that will block the automated detection systems responsible for the majority of its reports.

不过，Meta已宣布计划，将对其平台上的信息进行加密，这将阻碍自动检测系统的上报工作。Meta大部分上报都是自动检测系统触发的。

Zuckerberg under scrutiny 扎克伯格受到“拷问”

At one point, Sen. Josh Hawley asked Zuckerberg to apologize to parents in the audience. The Facebook founder stood, turned, and said: “I'm sorry for everything that you have all gone through. It's terrible. No one should have to go through the things that your families have.”

密苏里州共和党参议员Josh Hawley一度要求扎克伯格向在场家长道歉。这位Facebook创始人站起来转身说：“我对你们遭遇的一切感到抱歉。这是可怕的。你们的遭遇不该发生在任何人身上。”

“This is why we invest so much and are going to continue doing industry leading efforts…to make sure that no one has to go through the types of things that your families have had to suffer,” he said.

他说：“这就是为什么我们投入这么多，并且会继续领行业之先……确保没有人要经历你们的家庭所遭受的事情。”

20240202杨波出轨风波

Only half of men consider this act as cheating in relationships

From: New York Post

When it comes to fidelity in relationships, a new surprising survey found that 49 percent of men did not think kissing someone else was cheating.

谈到关系中的忠诚度，一项令人惊讶的新调查发现，49%的男性认为亲吻别人不算出轨。

The study was done by researchers at BBC, who asked 2,000 adults about their sexual preferences. About 51 percent of men also didn’t consider cybersex with a third party as stepping outside of their relationships.

这项研究由BBC的研究人员完成，他们询问了2000名成年人的性偏好。约51%的男性亦不将与第三者进行网络性行为视为对伴侣的不忠。

Family and relationship psychotherapist Dr. Fran Walfish says that these men are in “denial.”

家庭和人际关系心理治疗师弗兰·沃尔菲什博士（Dr. Fran Walfish）指出，将其归咎于心理上的“否认”。

“The guy feels a tinge of guilt for what he knows is wrong behavior, and he can’t tolerate or bear that feeling of guilt, so he rationalizes it by telling himself it’s not cheating,” Walfish, who’s based in Beverly Hills, Calif., told The Post.

“当男士对自己明知是错误的行为感到一丝罪恶感时，他无法忍受或接受那种罪恶感，因此通过自我说服，告诉自己这不算作出轨使之合理化，”沃尔菲什博士在接受《纽约邮报》（New York Post）采访时表示，她的工作地点在加州比弗利山庄（Beverly Hills）。

Those numbers were a sharp contrast from female participants. Over 70 percent of women said that smooching and cybersex is cheating.

与此形成鲜明对比的是，超过七成的女性坚信，无论是亲吻还是网络性行为，都是出轨。

Meanwhile, 40 percent of all respondents said that browsing on a dating app is a breach of trust.

与此同时，40%的受访者认为，刷交友软件触犯了伴侣间的信任底线。

But Walfish says that all of these acts are signs of infidelity.

但沃尔菲什博士表示，所有这些行为都是不忠的表现。

“Cheating is going outside of your relationship to meet any gratification, whether emotional, physical or sexual …. with someone you share sexual chemistry with,” Walfish said. “Flirting with the idea and taking your mental space outside of your partnership and spending your thinking energy on someone else … is a direct pathway to cheating.”

“出轨，是指在一段关系之外，和一个你们之间存在性吸引的人，寻求任何类型的满足感，无论是情感上的、身体上的或是性上的……，”沃尔菲什博士说。“对这个念头心存幻想，将你的精神世界从伴侣关系中抽离，将你的思考和感情投注于他人，这无疑是向出轨迈进的直接道路。”

Not all hope is lost, however. Walfish says that one-time acts of adultery can be fixed if the guilty party takes accountability, expresses remorse, and takes time to rebuild trust in a relationship.

不过，也不是所有的希望都破灭了。沃尔菲什博士说，如果犯错的一方承认过错、表达悔意，并投入时间重建双方的信任，那么一次不忠行为也是可以挽回的。

But if your partner is a serial cheater, Walfish says the relationship has a “very low recovery rate.”

但如果你的伴侣屡犯不改，沃尔菲什博士说，这样的关系几乎无望恢复。

“Chances are if they’ve done it more than once with more than one person, they’re probably gonna do it again,” she said.

“如果某人不仅一次，与不同的人发生这种行为，那么他们很可能会重蹈覆辙，”她说。

20240203特朗普自称比霉霉更受欢迎

Trump thinks he's more popular than Taylor Swift

From: The Independent

Donald Trump has reportedly been grousing about Taylor Swift's popularity amid speculation that she's set to endorse President Joe Biden.

据报道，唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）一直对泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）的受欢迎程度颇有微词，因为有传言称她将支持乔·拜登（Joe Biden）总统。

Swift is yet to issue an endorsement of any candidate, but The New York Times reported on Monday that aides to the president are hoping to sign her on as a campaign surrogate considering her expansive cultural influence.

泰勒·斯威夫特尚未表态支持任何候选人，但《纽约时报》（The New York Times）周一报道称，考虑到她广泛的文化影响力，总统的助手们希望能够让她成为竞选代言人。

Meanwhile, some conspiracy-minded conservatives have even convinced themselves that this year's NFL season has been rigged to provide a Super Bowl platform for Swift alongside her boyfriend Travis Kelce of the Kansas City Chiefs.

与此同时，一些持阴谋论的保守派人士甚至相信，今年的美国国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）赛季已被操纵，为泰勒·斯威夫特和她的男友、堪萨斯城酋长队的特拉维斯·凯尔斯（Travis Kelce）提供了一个超级碗平台。

Now, an individual close to Mr Trump has told Rolling Stone magazine that allies of the former president are preparing for a “holy war” against the pop star.

现在，一位与特朗普关系密切的人士告诉《滚石》（Rolling Stone）杂志，这位前总统的盟友正准备对泰勒·斯威夫特发动“圣战”。

A potential endorsement of the Democrat will add rocket fuel to that fight, with three insiders saying that his campaign is assuming that Swift will back Mr Biden as she did in 2020.

泰勒·斯威夫特对拜登的潜在支持将为这场斗争火上浇油，三名知情人士表示，拜登的竞选团队认为泰勒·斯威夫特会像2020年那样支持拜登。

Mr Trump has argued in private that celebrity endorsements won't help Mr Biden, claiming that he's “more popular” than the pop star and that his fans are more committed than hers, according to Rolling Stone.

据《滚石》杂志报道，特朗普私下辩称，明星背书对拜登没有帮助，声称他比这位流行歌星“更受欢迎”，他的粉丝也比她的粉丝更忠诚。

The president reportedly said last month that it was “obviously” nonsensical that he was not declared Time magazine's Person of the Year in 2023 – instead of her.

据报道，特朗普上个月表示，泰勒·斯威夫特而非自己，被评选为《时代》杂志2023年度人物，“显然”是荒谬的。

“Joe Biden might be counting on Taylor Swift to save him, but voters are looking at these sky-high inflation rates and saying, ‘We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together,'” Trump adviser Jason Miller told Rolling Stone in a statement, quoting the title of a 2012 Swift song.

特朗普顾问杰森·米勒（Jason Miller）在一份声明中引用泰勒·斯威夫特2012年一首歌名对《滚石》杂志表示：“乔·拜登可能指望来拯救他，但选民们看着这些极高的通货膨胀率，说‘We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together（我们再也回不去了）’”。

After Swift endorsed two Democrats running in her home state of Tennessee in the 2018 midterms, Mr Trump said he likes her music “about 25 per cent less now”.

2018年中期选举中，泰勒·斯威夫特支持了她家乡田纳西州的两位民主党候选人后，特朗普表示，他对泰勒·斯威夫特音乐的喜爱程度“现在降低了大约25%”。

Then in 2020, Swift accused Mr Trump of attempting to “blatantly cheat and put millions of Americans' lives at risk” after his administration worked to limit mail-in voting in the middle of the Covid-19 pandemic.

随后在2020年，泰勒·斯威夫特指责特朗普试图“公然作弊，将数百万美国人的生命置于危险之中”，因为特朗普政府在疫情期间限制邮寄选票。

One person working on Mr Trump's campaign told Rolling Stone that Swift publically backing Mr Biden again “would be more fuel thrown onto the culture-war fires”.

一位参与特朗普竞选活动的人士告诉《滚石》杂志，泰勒·斯威夫特再次公开支持拜登“将为文化战争火上浇油”。

Swift is already garnering significant attention in right-wing media and among conservative political figures, including former 2024 presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy.

泰勒·斯威夫特已经引起了右翼媒体和保守派政治人物的极大关注，其中包括前2024年总统候选人维韦克·拉马斯瓦米（Vivek Ramaswamy）。

“I wonder who's going to win the Super Bowl next month. And I wonder if there's a major presidential endorsement coming from an artificially culturally propped-up couple this fall. Just some wild speculation over here, let's see how it ages over the next 8 months,” he wrote on X on Monday.

“我很好奇下个月谁将夺得超级碗的胜利。还好奇今年秋是否会有一对因文化因素而被人为捧红的情侣为总统竞选背书。这只是我这边的一些天马行空的猜测，让我们看看这些猜测在未来8个月的时间里会有怎样的发展。”他周一在X上写道。

20240204“头孢配酒，说走就走”

Can I Drink Alcohol While Taking Antibiotics?

From: The New York Times

Can I drink alcohol while taking antibiotics?

服用抗生素期间可以喝酒吗？

With some antibiotics, the answer is a definite no. With most, however, the answer may be a cautious yes.

对于某些抗生素，答案肯定是不可以。然而，对于大部分抗生素，答案可能是需要谨慎判断。

Concerns about alcohol and antibiotics may have their roots in the rubber industry of the 1880s. Around this time, manufacturers began using a chemical known as disulfiram to accelerate the vulcanization of rubber. Soon, rubber workers began experiencing a strange reaction: They became violently ill after drinking alcohol.

对酒精和抗生素的担忧可能源于19世纪80年代的橡胶工业。大约在这个时期，制造商开始使用一种叫做双硫仑的化学物质来加速橡胶的硫化。不久，橡胶工人开始出现一种奇怪的反应：饮酒后身体状况变得非常糟糕。

In the 1940s, doctors explored whether disulfiram was useful as a treatment for alcohol abuse. Patients who took the drug after drinking alcohol developed nausea, vomiting, sweating, flushing, palpitations, headache and a host of other distressing symptoms, and many stopped drinking. The drug is today marketed under the brand name Antabuse.

20世纪40年代，医生们开始研究双硫仑是否可用于治疗酗酒。饮酒后服用该药的患者出现恶心、呕吐、出汗、脸红、心悸、头痛等一系列令人痛苦的症状，许多人因而停止了饮酒。该药物如今以安塔布司（Antabuse）的品牌名销售。

In the 1960s, the antibiotic metronidazole (brand name Flagyl) was introduced into the United States. Soon, doctors began seeing a similar constellation of symptoms in their patients who drank alcohol. The symptoms were so unpleasant that metronidazole itself was studied as a treatment for alcoholism.

20世纪60年代，抗生素甲硝唑（品牌名为Flagyl[纳诺米星]）被引入美国。很快，医生们开始在饮酒患者身上看到类似的症状。症状极其不适，因此甲硝唑本身也被作为治疗酗酒的药物进行研究。

Although metronidazole is not used to fight alcohol abuse, it remains a critical drug for the treatment of various gastrointestinal infections, including diverticulitis, and in the treatment of gynecologic conditions and sexually transmitted diseases. It is safe and effective, with the caveat that one must avoid alcohol while taking it.

虽然甲硝唑并未被用于治疗酗酒，但它仍然是治疗各种胃肠道感染（包括憩室炎）以及妇科疾病和性传播疾病的关键药物。它是安全有效的，但需要注意的是，服药期间必须避免饮酒。

A few other antibiotics have also been reported to cause reactions with alcohol. Most of these are cephalosporins, a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics that are used to treat a variety of infections. Yet, while there are many cephalosporins, only a handful have been reported to cause this reaction.

据报道，其他一些抗生素也会与酒精产生反应。其中大多数是头孢菌素，这是一类用于治疗各种感染的广谱抗生素。尽管头孢菌素种类繁多，但据报道只有少数头孢菌素会引起这种反应。

The vast majority of antibiotics do not interact with alcohol. The Food and Drug Administration' product information for the five most frequently prescribed antibiotics in the United States — amoxicillin (Amoxil), azithromycin (Zithromax), amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin), cephalexin (Keflex) and ciprofloxacin (Cipro) — does not carry warnings about alcohol consumption. Similarly, over-the-counter cough and cold products that contain alcohol do not warn against use with antibiotics. While there are no studies proving that it is safe to consume alcohol while taking these antibiotics, the potential for serious interactions seems low.

绝大多数抗生素不会与酒精发生反应。美国食品药物管理局（FDA）的产品信息中，五种最常用的抗生素——阿莫西林（amoxicillin）、阿奇霉素（azithromycin）、阿莫西林-克拉维酸（amoxicillin-clavulanate）、头孢氨苄（cephalexin）和环丙沙星（ciprofloxacin），并未包含关于饮酒的警告。同样，含有酒精的非处方止咳和感冒药也没有警告不要与抗生素一起使用。虽然没有研究证明在服用这些抗生素的同时饮酒是安全的，但发生严重反应的可能性似乎很低。

Nevertheless, it may be a good idea to avoid alcohol while fighting an infection, since alcohol can interact with many drugs other than antibiotics and irritate an already inflamed stomach lining. The F.D.A. generally advises that patients "should talk to your doctor about any alcohol you use or plan to use."

不过，在抗感染期间最好不要饮酒，因为酒精会与抗生素以外的许多药物发生反应，刺激已发炎的胃黏膜。美国食品药物管理局通常建议患者“应与医生探讨其饮酒习惯或计划。”

20240205霍启刚要求梅西与迈阿密道歉

Hong Kong officials 'owed explanation' as Inter Miami rest injured Lionel Messi

From: The Guardian

Hong Kong's government have spoken of their 'extreme disappointment' after an injured Lionel Messi failed to appear in a sold-out game on Inter Miami's pre-season tour. The MLS side beat a Hong Kong XI 4-1.

香港特区政府对于迈阿密国际队季前巡回赛期间，利昂内尔·梅西（Lionel Messi）因伤缺席一场售罄比赛表示“极度失望”。这场比赛美职足大联盟（MLS）球队迈阿密国际队最终以4:1战胜香港联赛选手队。

The Argentinian has a hamstring strain and did not play as fans, who snapped up more than 38,000 tickets within an hour of them going on sale in December, could be heard booing in the late stages of the game and at the final whistle.

这位阿根廷球星因腿筋拉伤，没有上场比赛，这让那些在去年12月仅一小时内就抢光38,000多张门票的球迷，在比赛快结束时和终场哨响时发出了不满的嘘声。

“Regarding Messi not playing the match today, the government, as well as all football fans, are extremely disappointed about the organisers' arrangement. The organisers owe all football fans an explanation,” the government said in a statement on Sunday.

“就梅西今天未能参赛一事，政府及所有足球迷对于主办方的安排感到极度失望。主办方欠所有球迷一个解释，”香港特区政府周日发表声明称。

Inter Miami coach Tata Martino defended the decision, saying that the eight-time Ballon D'Or winner, as well as former Barcelona colleague Luis Suárez who also stayed on the bench, could not be risked.

迈阿密国际队主教练塔塔·马蒂诺（Tata Martino）为这一决定辩解称，八次获得金球奖的梅西，以及同样坐在替补席上的前巴塞罗那队友路易斯·苏亚雷斯（Luis Suárez）不能冒险（参赛）。

Fans who filled the same arena a day earlier at least saw the 2022 World Cup winner in an open training session along with the Miami co-owner David Beckham.

一天前，球迷们挤满同一个体育场，他们至少看到了2022年世界杯冠军获得者梅西以及迈阿密国际老板之一大卫·贝克汉姆（David Beckham）一起参加公开训练。

“We understand the disappointment of the fans for the absence of Leo [Messi] and Luis Suárez,” Martino said. “We understand a lot of fans are very disappointed and we ask for their forgiveness. We wish we could have sent Leo and Luis on for at least a while but the risk was too big.”

“我们理解球迷对里奥（梅西）和路易斯·苏亚雷斯缺席比赛的失望，”马蒂诺说。“我们理解很多球迷非常失望，我们请求他们的原谅。我们也希望能让梅西和路易斯至少上场一会儿，但风险实在太大。”

Despite the fans' frustration, it was a better performance from Miami after a 6-0 thrashing by Saudi Arabia's Al-Nassr in Riyadh on Thursday. Messi played the final seven minutes of that losing effort.

尽管球迷们感到失望，但迈阿密国际队在周四于利雅得被沙特阿拉伯的纳赛尔队以6:0击败后，表现有所好转。在那场失利的比赛中，梅西在最后七分钟登场。

In Hong Kong, Robert Taylor opened the scoring for Miami five minutes before the break with a curling shot from the corner of the area, but Henri Anier quickly levelled for the hosts. Lawson Sunderland then restored Miami's lead early in the second half and, after 56 minutes, provided the assist for Leonardo Campana, who made it 3-1. Ryan Sailor headed a fourth for Miami five minutes from the end.

在香港的比赛中，罗伯特·泰勒（Robert Taylor）于上半场结束前五分钟在禁区边缘一脚弧线球破门，不过亨利·阿尼尔（Henri Anier）迅速为东道主扳平了比分。下半场一开始，劳森·桑德兰（Lawson Sunderland）就为迈阿密国际队重新取得领先优势，并在56分钟后助攻莱昂纳多·坎帕纳（Leonardo Campana）将比分扩大至3:1。比赛结束前五分钟，瑞安·赛勒（Ryan Sailor）用一记头球为迈阿密国际队锁定了4:1的胜局。

20240206梅西回应

Messi says he feels much better and hopes to play in Tokyo after a PR disaster

From: Reuters

Look for Lionel Messi to play on Wednesday in Tokyo where Inter Miami meets Japanese club Vissel Kobe in a friendly.

期待利昂内尔·梅西（Lionel Messi）周三在东京的比赛，迈阿密国际（Inter Miami）将与日本神户胜利船足球队（Vissel Kobe）进行友谊赛。

And don't look for another public relations disaster as happened on Sunday when Argentina's World Cup-winning captain sat on the bench for an entire match against a selection of players from the Hong Kong league, angering thousands of fans who demanded refunds.

不要再让周日那种令人失望的场面再次发生吧。上周日，这位荣获世界杯冠军的阿根廷队长，在一场与中国香港联赛选手队的比赛中始终坐在替补席上，激怒了数千名要求退票的球迷。

Teammate Luis Suarez — another big name at Miami — also remained on the bench.

与此同时，迈阿密国际队中的另一位重量级球星路易斯·苏亚雷斯（Luis Suarez）也一直坐在替补席上。

Messi showed up at a five-star Tokyo hotel on Tuesday for his second news conference since joining Miami last June 7, and his first since Aug. 17. He sat alone on a stool on stage, wore a pink warm-up jacket, and showed a bit of humility.

周二，梅西出现在东京一家五星级酒店，参加了自去年6月7日加盟迈阿密国际以来的第二次新闻发布会，也是自8月17日以来的首次新闻发布会。他独自坐在台中的凳子上，穿着一件粉红色训练上衣，展示出难得的谦逊。

He was surely under pressure from local Japanese sponsors.

他肯定感受到了日本当地赞助商的压力。

"The truth is that I feel very good compared to a few days ago," Messi said in Spanish. "And depending on how that (training) goes. And if I'm honest, I still don't know if I will be able to or not. But I feel much better and I really want to be able to do it."

“事实上，相比几天前，我现在感觉很好，”梅西用西班牙语说道。“这取决于训练情况。老实说，我还不知道自己能不能上场。但我感觉好多了，非常希望能够上场。”

Messi trained later Tuesday in suburban Tokyo and looked fit, running drills and moving with ease at a practice facility run by the Japan Football Association. He did not speak afterward with reporters.

周二晚些时候，梅西在东京郊区进行了训练，看起来状态不错，他在日本足球协会管理的训练场上进行了训练，跑动自如。训练结束后，他并未与记者交流。

Messi tried to explain to Hong Kong fans that it was impossible for him to play with a groin injury. Some suggested he could have simply trotted around for a few minutes, which might have satisfied fans in a game that was largely meaningless except for its promotional value.

梅西试图向香港球迷解释，由于腹股沟受伤，他无法上场比赛。有人提议，他或许可以简单到场上走几圈，这可能会满足球迷对这场除了具有宣传价值之外几乎毫无意义的比赛的期待。

"The truth is that it was bad luck that I couldn't (play) on the day of the Hong Kong match," Messi said, adding the "discomfort continued and it was very difficult for me to play."

梅西说：“事实是，我在香港比赛当天没能（上场），这是运气不好。”他补充道，“不适感持续存在，我很难上场。”

"Unfortunately, in football, things can happen in any game, that we may have an injury. It's a shame because I always want to participate, I want to be there, and even more so when it comes to these games when we travel so far and people are so excited to see our matches."

“不幸的是，在足球运动中，任何比赛都可能发生受伤的情况。这很遗憾，因为我一直想参加比赛，我想上场，尤其是当我们长途跋涉而来，球迷们如此期待我们比赛的时候更是如此。”

The Asian tour wraps up on Wednesday in Tokyo's National Stadium.

亚洲巡回赛将于周三在东京国家体育场画上句号。

Mark Conrad, who teaches law, ethics and sports business at Fordham University's Gabelli School of Business, reminded fans that a ticket is for a game and does not guarantee a player's participation.

在福特汉姆大学（Fordham University）加贝里商学院（Gabelli School of business）教授法律、道德和体育商业的马克·康拉德（Mark Conrad）提醒球迷们，购票只是为了观看比赛，并不保证任何特定球员的出场。

"While it may be true that many fans purchased tickets with the hope of seeing Messi, the ticket is to watch the match, not a specific player 鈥?unless there is a condition that says otherwise," Conrad told The Associated Press.

康拉德在接受美联社采访时表示：“虽然许多球迷购买门票是希望看到梅西，但门票是为了观看比赛，而不是看特定球员——除非有其他条件规定。”

"While it is likely true that the pricing and the interest was in large part due to Messi's participation, his failure to play does not generally constitute a breach of contract."

“尽管梅西的参与无疑极大提升了票价和比赛的吸引力，但他未能上场一般并不构成违约。”

Messi said he hoped to visit Hong Kong again and play next time.

梅西表示，他希望未来有机会再来香港，并参加比赛。

"I hope we can return and we can play another game and I can be present," he said. "As I do whenever I can. But the truth is that it is a shame that I was not able to participate."

“我希望我们能回来，我们可以再打一场比赛，我可以在场，”他说。“只要有机会，我就会上场。但事实是，我没能参加是一个遗憾。”

20240207英国国王确诊患癌

King Charles Is Diagnosed With Cancer

From: The New York Times

King Charles III has been diagnosed with cancer and is suspending his public engagements to undergo treatment, casting a shadow over a busy reign that began less than 18 months ago after the death of his mother, Queen Elizabeth II.

英国国王查尔斯三世被诊断出患有癌症，为了接受治疗，他将暂停公开活动。在不到18个月前、母亲伊丽莎白二世去世后，他就开始了繁忙的执政，患病给其统治蒙上了阴影。

The announcement, made by Buckingham Palace on Monday evening, came a week after the 75-year-old sovereign was discharged from a London hospital, following a procedure to treat an enlarged prostate.

白金汉宫于周一晚间宣布了这一消息，一周前，这位75岁的君主在伦敦一家医院接受了前列腺增生治疗后出院。

The palace did not disclose what form of cancer Charles has, but a palace official said it was not prostate cancer. Doctors detected the cancer during that procedure, and the king began treatment on Monday.

王宫没有透露查尔斯患的是哪种癌症，但王室的一名官员表示不是前列腺癌。医生在手术时发现了癌症，国王已于周一开始接受治疗。

News of Charles' diagnosis reverberated through Britain, which, after seven decades of Elizabeth's reign, has begun to get comfortable with her son. Charles waited longer to ascend the throne than anyone in the history of the British monarchy, and he was a familiar figure, with a personal life relentlessly dissected by the British media by the time he became the sovereign.

查尔斯确诊的消息在英国引发强烈反响，在伊丽莎白二世统治了70年之后，这个国家已经开始适应她的儿子作为统治者。查尔斯比英国君主制历史上任何一位君主等待登基的时间都要长，而且他是一个大家都熟悉的人物，成为君主时，他的个人生活已经被英国媒体无情地剖析过了。

As king, however, Charles has become a confident elder statesman, putting a subtle but unmistakable stamp on the monarchy. He has traveled widely and spoken out on issues like climate change that have long been important to him.

然而，作为国王，查尔斯已成为一位自信的老政治家，为君主制打上了微妙但明确无误的烙印。他四处奔波，就气候变化等长期以来对他来说十分重要的问题发表意见。

Anxiety for Charles mixed with hope that he would recover swiftly. But in the absence of details about his condition, there was, inevitably, speculation, as royal watchers parsed the palace's four-paragraph announcement.

人们为查尔斯感到担忧，并希望他尽快康复。王室观察人士对白金汉宫的四段公告进行了分析，但由于王室没有详细说明他的病情，因此难免会有各种猜测。

“During the king's recent hospital procedure for benign prostate enlargement, a separate issue of concern was noted,” the palace said. “Subsequent diagnostic tests have identified a form of cancer. His Majesty has today commenced a schedule of regular treatments, during which time he has been advised by doctors to postpone public-facing duties.”

“国王最近在医院接受良性前列腺增生手术时，发现了另一个令人担忧的问题。”王宫表示。“随后的诊断检查发现了一种癌症。国王陛下今天开始接受定期治疗，医生建议他在此期间推迟公开活动。”

Palace officials said the king would continue to carry out other duties, including his weekly meeting with the prime minister, as well as the daily pile of paperwork he completes as Britain's head of state. Officials said there were no plans to appoint counselors of state to act in his place — a procedure that could signal that the sovereign was unable to fulfill his duties because of illness.

王室官员称，国王将继续履行其他职责，包括每周与首相的会晤，以及作为英国国家元首每天要完成的大量文书工作。官员表示，目前还没有任命国务顾问代行国王职责的计划——这一程序可能意味着国王因病无法履行职责。

The palace said Charles “remains wholly positive about his treatment” and that he looked forward to resuming public engagements. He returned to London from his country residence, Sandringham, to begin treatment as an outpatient, palace officials said.

王室表示，查尔斯“对自己的治疗仍持完全积极的态度”，他期待着恢复公开活动。王室官员称，查尔斯已从乡间庄园桑德灵厄姆返回伦敦，开始接受门诊治疗。

Charles, who ascended to the throne in September 2022, has generally been in good health. As a schoolboy, he suffered from recurring tonsillitis, but as an adult, he enjoyed vigorous sports like hiking, polo and skiing.

查尔斯于2022年9月登上王位，健康状况一直很好。学生时代，他曾反复患扁桃体炎，但成年后，他喜欢徒步旅行、马球和滑雪等激烈运动。

The king's disclosure of the prostate treatment, and now of his cancer diagnosis, is unusual for the royal family, whose members often reveal little about their health. After the queen's death at 96, the palace issued her death certificate, which listed her cause of death simply as “old age.”

国王透露前列腺治疗以及现在的癌症诊断，这在王室中并不常见，因为王室成员通常很少透露自己的健康状况。96岁的前女王去世后，王宫出具了她的死亡证明，上面只简单地写道死因是“年老”。

20240207刚刚， 梅西上场了

Lionel Messi plays in Japan after HK no-show

From: RTHK

Lionel Messi on Wednesday was back in action with his Inter Miami squad in Japan after a no-show at a Sunday match in Hong Kong, which drew anger from fans.

利昂内尔·梅西（Lionel Messi）在周日对阵中国香港的比赛中缺席引起了球迷的愤怒，本周三，他又随迈阿密国际队出征日本上场比赛。

Messi took to the field in the second half of the game against Vissel Kobe when he was substituted in for David Ruiz.

在迈阿密国际队与神户胜利船队的比赛中，梅西在下半场替补大卫·鲁伊斯（David Ruiz）出场。

The Argentine superstar was benched for the entire match against a local squad on Sunday, and was met with boos from the tens of thousands of fans who were there to watch him play.

这位阿根廷超级巨星在周日与当地球队的整场比赛中均未上场，遭到了数万名观看比赛球迷的嘘声。

Messi had said that it was "bad luck" that stopped him playing in Hong Kong at the weekend, explaining that he was already suffering from muscle discomfort while in Saudi Arabia, just before the Hong Kong trip.

梅西曾表示，是“运气不好”未能在本周末对阵中国香港的比赛中上场，并解释说，在香港之行之前，他在沙特阿拉伯时就已经出现了肌肉不适。

20240208华中农大通报黄某某学术不端调查处理情况

'Most important battle in our lives': 11 Chinese university students overthrow professor accused of faking data

From: SCMP

"For us, this is the most important battle in our ordinary lives," wrote doctoral student Zhang Li, in a post to social media platform Weibo on January 23.

1月23日，博士生张黎在社交媒体平台微博上写道：“对我们来说,这就是我们平凡人生中最重要的一场战役。”

For more than a month, he and 10 other students at Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU) in the central Chinese city of Wuhan, Hubei province, had been quietly preparing a "revolution" to overthrow their supervisor.

一个多月来，他和湖北省武汉市华中农业大学的其他10名学生一直在悄悄地准备一场“革命”来颠覆导师的权威。

On Tuesday, Huang Feiruo, a professor in HZAU's department of animal nutrition and feed science, was dismissed after an investigation by the university confirmed some of the students' accusations.

周二，校方调查证实了学生们的一些指控后，华中农业大学动物营养与饲料科学系教授黄飞若被解职。

HZAU found that 10 papers listing Huang as corresponding author contained falsified data, while a textbook he edited and published used other people's content without attribution. The book has been suspended from use.

华中农业大学的调查发现，黄某某作为通讯作者发表的10篇论文存在伪造数据，而他主编的教材则重复了他人出版的内容，且未注明出处。该教材已被停用。

He was also found to have misused funds and lacked due diligence as a tutor. All 15 students in his lab have been reassigned to new supervisors, according to HZAU.

此外，还查出挪用资金和指导学生失职失责问题。据华中农业大学的通报，该实验室15名学生均已落实新导师。

The decision to blow the whistle on Huang paid off, but such accusations are rare in China, where the power imbalance between students and their supervisors is marked.

虽然对黄教授的举报最终得到了回应，但在中国，这样的指控极为罕见，因为学生与导师之间的权力失衡现象十分明显。

While there have been cases of students making complaints about their supervisors, they usually wait until after they graduate, given that the role includes the power to give a student's dissertation the green light.

虽然也有学生举报导师的案例，但学生通常要等到毕业后，因为导师掌握着是否准许学生毕业的权力。

The students' campaign began on January 16, when a 125-page letter accusing Huang of academic misconduct and of encouraging students to cheat, was made public on various Chinese online platforms.

1月16日，一封长达125页的举报信在中国各大网络平台上公开，信中指控黄某某存在学术不端，鼓励学生造假等行为。

Fan Xiudi, director of the Education Evaluation Research Centre at Tongji University in Shanghai, said that any student in China who spoke out against a tutor could end up hurting themselves, as "the university may downplay the scandal and the student will be left in isolation".

上海同济大学教育评估研究中心主任樊秀娣表示，在中国，任何学生公开反对导师，最终都可能伤害到自己，因为“校方可能会低调处理丑闻，而学生则会孤立无援”。

"Students have to take great risks and even bet on the future of their academic careers. This suggests that something is wrong with our entire academic environment," she said.

“学生们不得不冒着巨大的风险，甚至拿自己学术生涯的未来做赌注。这说明我们的整个学术环境出了问题，”她说。

Admittedly, Fan said, academic fraud was a pervasive global phenomenon, however, what worried her was that the academic ecosystem in China encouraged its growth.

樊秀娣说，诚然，学术造假是一个全球性的普遍问题，但令她担忧的是，中国的学术生态系统助长了学术造假的发展。

She said one of the underlying reasons for it was that the number of papers published was connected with too many benefits, including promotion, funding and various awards.

她说，其中一个根本原因是发表论文的数量与诸多利益挂钩，包括晋升、资助和各种奖项。

This could incentivise researchers to take unethical short-cuts, as it became less important whether their work was really relevant to society or whether the data was reliable, she said.

这可能促使研究人员走捷径，采取不道德的行为，因为他们的工作是否真正对社会有益或数据是否可靠已变得不那么重要了，她补充道。

20240209愿你除夕快乐，平安健康。

The Lunar New Year 2024 - UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres Message

From: United Nations

Chun Jie Kuai Le! [Happy Lunar New Year.]

春节快乐！

Happy Lunar New Year.

恭贺新禧！

I am pleased to send my warmest greetings as we usher in the Year of the Dragon.

在龙年到来之际，我谨向大家致以最亲切的问候。

The dragon symbolizes energy, wisdom, protection and good luck.

龙象征着活力、智慧、守护、吉运。

We need these qualities to rise to today’s global challenges.

正是我们应对当今全球挑战所需要的特质。

This year, the celebration at the United Nations is special: for the first time, the Lunar New Year is part of the UN holiday calendar.

今年联合国的庆祝尤其不同：农历新年首次登上联合国节庆日历。

I thank China and the Chinese people for your unwavering support to the United Nations, multilateralism and global progress.

我感谢中国和中国人民对联合国、多边主义和全球进步的坚定支持。

Together, we can realize a sustainable, just and peaceful future.

只要我们携手共进，就能实现一个可持续、公正与和平的未来。

I wish you good health, happiness and prosperity in this new year.

祝大家在新的一年里身体健康、幸福美满、兴旺发达。

Xie Xie! [Thank You!]

谢谢！

20240210春晚你觉得怎么样？

Spring Festival Gala 2024: A Stunning Fusion of Tradition and Innovation

From: BNN Breaking

As the clock struck midnight on the first day of the Chinese New Year, millions worldwide tuned in to witness a spectacle that has become synonymous with this festive occasion. The Spring Festival Gala 2024, an annual event broadcast by China's national television network, seamlessly blended time-honored traditions with cutting-edge technology, captivating audiences far and wide.

随着大年初一午夜钟声的敲响，全球数百万人的目光共同聚焦于一场已成为这一节日代名词的视觉盛宴。2024年春节联欢晚会是由中国国家电视台播出的年度盛会，它将悠久的传统与前沿技术完美融合，吸引了各地观众。

The Grand Showcase: Tradition Meets Innovation 盛大展示：传统与创新的碰撞

The 2024 edition of the Spring Festival Gala was a dazzling display of China's rich cultural heritage intertwined with modern artistic expressions. Performers from various regions and ethnic groups took center stage, presenting an array of acts such as music, dance, comedy, and drama. This diverse tapestry of performances reflected the multifaceted nature of Chinese culture, offering viewers an immersive experience.

2024年春节联欢晚会展现了中国丰富的文化遗产与现代艺术表现形式的交融。来自不同地域和民族的表演者登上舞台，展示了音乐、舞蹈、喜剧和戏剧等多样化的节目。丰富多彩的表演反映了中国文化的多样性，为观众提供了沉浸式的观赏体验。

One of the most notable aspects of this year's gala was the fusion of traditional elements with state-of-the-art technology. Stunning augmented reality (AR) performances, holographic displays, and AI-driven interactive segments transformed the stage into a breathtaking visual feast. These innovative additions not only enhanced the overall viewing experience but also represented China's commitment to embracing technological advancements while preserving its cultural roots.

今年晚会的一大亮点是传统文化元素与前沿技术的巧妙融合。令人惊叹的增强现实（AR）表演、全息显示以及基于人工智能（AI）的互动环节，让整个舞台变成一场视觉盛宴。这些创新技术的应用不仅极大丰富了晚会的观赏体验，更是中国在传承文化根基的同时，积极探索科技前沿的体现。

Bridging Cultures and Fostering Unity 文化交流，促进团结

Beyond its entertainment value, the Spring Festival Gala 2024 served as a platform for sharing Chinese stories with the world. By showcasing the nation's diverse cultural landscape, the event aimed to foster a sense of community during the festive season and promote themes of unity, prosperity, and hope.

2024年春节晚会不仅仅是一场娱乐盛典，它还是一个与世界分享中国故事的平台。通过展现中国文化的多样性，春晚旨在培养节日期间的社区意识，传递团结、繁荣和希望的信息。

This year's gala reached an unprecedented international audience through streaming platforms, highlighting its growing global influence. As a result, people from different corners of the world could partake in the celebrations and gain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture.

今年春晚通过流媒体平台吸引了前所未有的全球观众，凸显了其日益增长的全球影响力。因此，来自世界各地的人们得以共同庆祝，深入了解中国文化。

A Collaborative Effort: Behind the Scenes 合作成果：幕后故事

The production of the Spring Festival Gala 2024 was a collaborative effort involving top-notch directors, choreographers, and designers. Their collective expertise ensured a visual spectacle that honored cultural traditions while embracing innovation.

2024年春晚的制作是由顶尖导演、编舞和设计师共同努力的结果。他们的集体智慧确保了这一视觉盛宴在尊重文化传统的同时又能拥抱创新。

As the final curtain fell on the Spring Festival Gala 2024, it was evident that this annual event had once again succeeded in its mission to entertain, educate, and inspire. By striking a delicate balance between tradition and modernity, the gala offered viewers a unique glimpse into the heart and soul of China – a nation that continues to evolve while remaining deeply rooted in its cultural heritage.

随着2024年春晚落下帷幕，很明显，这一年度盛会再次成功地完成了娱乐、教育和启迪的使命。通过在传统与现代之间寻找到的精妙平衡，春晚为观众提供了一个独特的视角来认识中国的核心和灵魂——个在不断发展中仍坚守着丰富文化遗产的民族。

20240211贾玲不是变瘦了 她是变强了

Sony Pictures Acquires ‘YOLO,’ Chinese Comedy Film From ‘Hi, Mom’ Director Jia Ling, for Global Release (EXCLUSIVE)

From: VARIETY

Sony Pictures has acquired international distribution rights to “YOLO,” a Chinese comedy film that releases in China on Saturday, the first day of the Lunar New Year holiday.

索尼影业（Sony Pictures）购买了中国喜剧电影《热辣滚烫》（YOLO）的国际发行权。该片将于周六春节假期第一天在中国上映。

The film is written, directed by and stars Jia Ling, China’s top-grossing female filmmaker. She portrays Le Ying, an unemployed woman in her thirties who still lives with her parents until one day, she meets a boxing coach (portrayed by Lei Jiayin), who just may change her life.

这部电影由中国票房收入最高的女导演贾玲编剧、指导并主演。她在片中饰演的乐莹是一位三十多岁的失业女性，仍然和父母住在一起，直到她的人生因遇见一位拳击教练（雷佳音饰演）而可能迎来转机。

Jia’s first feature was “Hi, Mom,” a heartwarming film in which a young woman, whose mother has been fatally injured in a car accident, travels back to the early 1980s. There, she becomes best friends with the younger version of her mother and is able to work on giving her mother a better life than the first time around.

贾玲的处女作《你好，李焕英》（Hi, Mom）感人至深的影片，讲述了一位年轻女子在其母亲遭遇致命车祸后，穿越回1980年代初。在那里，她与年轻时的母亲成为挚友，并努力让母亲过上比过去更好的生活。

“Hi, Mom” released at the China box office during the Lunar New Year holiday period three years ago and earned a massive RMB5.41 billion ($750 million at current exchange rates). That made it the world’s top-grossing movie directed by a solo female until it was overtaken by “Barbie” last year.

《你好，李焕英》于三年前春节期间在中国上映，票房收入高达54.1亿元人民币（按当前汇率约为7.5亿美元），成为全球由女性单独执导的电影票房冠军，直到去年才被《芭比》超越。

Sony recently announced it had acquired the English remake rights to “Hi, Mom,” which is currently in development, with Jia executive producing.

索尼影业最近宣布，已购买《你好，李焕英》的英文翻拍权，该片目前正在开发中，由贾玲担任执行制片人。

Sony has not yet disclosed its North American or international release strategies for “YOLO.” These may be influenced by matters over the next few days.

索尼影业尚未透露《热辣滚烫》在北美或其他国际市场的上映计划。这些可能会受到未来几天的影响。

The film is one of eight titles that release into the crowded, but highly lucrative, Lunar New Year holiday period in China and is considered one of the three frontrunners to dominate the box office. Based on pre-sales to Friday morning, Chinese ticketing agencies Maoyan and Taopiaopiao point to the film opening in first or second place on Saturday. It will play in regular and Imax theaters in China.

《热辣滚烫》是春节假期期间在中国上映的八部影片之一，这一时期虽竞争激烈，却极具吸金力。该片被认为是夺取票房冠军的三强之一。根据截至周五上午的预售数据，中国票务平台猫眼和淘票票预测该片将在周六首映日排名第一或第二。该片将在中国的常规和IMAX影院放映。

20240212霉霉拥吻庆祝男友获冠军

Taylor Swift Kisses Travis Kelce on Field After Chiefs Win the Super Bowl

From: VARIETY

Travis Kelce capped off the Kansas City Chiefs' third Super Bowl win, and second in a row, by kissing his girlfriend Taylor Swift on the field after the game.

赛后，特拉维斯·凯尔斯（Travis Kelce）在赛场上亲吻女友泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift），为堪萨斯城酋长队第三次、也是连续第二次赢得超级碗冠军画上了圆满的句号。

The Chiefs beat the San Francisco 49ers in a thrilling, defense-heavy game that went into overtime. The final score was 25-22.

这场比赛紧张激烈、以防守为主导，最终在加时赛中，堪萨斯城酋长队以25-22的比分战胜了旧金山49人队。

Swift headed to Las Vegas to watch the Kansas City Chiefs face off against the San Francisco 49ers following her Eras Tour show in Tokyo the day before — her appearance made possible thanks to the international date line.

斯威夫特前一天在东京的Eras巡回演唱会结束后，前往拉斯维加斯观看堪萨斯城酋长队与旧金山49人队的比赛——多亏了时差，她才得以露面观赛。

Swift's attendance at Chiefs games has garnered heavy media attention from the NFL and other news outlets — so much so that conspiracy theories have ignited, specifically ones from right-wing media. Among these theories, some speculate that the Super Bowl will be rigged for the Chiefs to win and that Swift will endorse President Joe Biden's reelection. Biden even acknowledged the far-out conspiracy theories on X after the game.

斯威夫特出席堪萨斯城酋长队的比赛引起了美国国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）和其他新闻媒体的广泛关注，甚至激起了一些阴谋论的猜测，特别是一些右翼媒体推动的论调。有人猜测超级碗比赛将被操纵，以使堪萨斯城酋长队获胜，而泰勒·斯威夫特将支持乔·拜登总统的连任。比赛结束后，拜登甚至在X平台上承认了这些离谱的阴谋论。

Swift's appearance at the Super Bowl has also sparked a number of "prop bets," or side wagers unrelated to the game itself, such as how many times CBS will show her on camera during the telecast and what shade of lipstick she will wear.

斯威夫特在超级碗上的亮相也引发了许多“特殊赌注”，即与比赛本身无关的附加赌注，比如哥伦比亚广播公司将在电视直播中让她出镜多少次，以及她会涂什么颜色的口红。

Coming off her album of the year win at the Grammys for "Midnights," Swift set an all-time record for the most wins the category. She also took home the prize for best pop vocal album that night. While accepting the award, she announced her next studio album titled "The Tortured Poets Department." It comes out April 19.

凭借《Midnights》获得格莱美年度最佳专辑奖后，泰勒·斯威夫特创下了该奖项获奖最多的记录。当晚，她还获得了最佳流行音乐专辑奖。在领奖时，她宣布自己的下一张录音室专辑《The Tortured Poets Department》将于4月19日发行。

During a Super Bowl press evening at Allegiant Stadium in Las Vegas, Kelce revealed that he has heard the album, calling it "unbelievable." "I can't wait for her to shake up the world when it finally drops," he added.

在拉斯维加斯Allegiant体育场举行的超级碗新闻发布会上，特拉维斯·凯尔斯透露他已经听过这张专辑，并称其为“不可思议”。他补充道：“我真的迫不及待，想看到她的这张专辑发布时将会给世界带来怎样的震撼。”

20240213春晚《上春山》引发热议

What to Do When the Unexpected Happens During a Live Performance

From: Backstage

Whether it's live or a film performance, something unanticipated can occur. So what do you do when the unexpected happens and something goes wrong?

无论是现场还是影视表演，都会发生意想不到的情况。那么，在遭遇意外、出现问题时，你会怎么做？

Joanne will never forget performing the play "Picnic" in New York. One night, the set—which was comprised of a roof and walls to suggest a house—fell down all around her in the middle of the performance.

乔安妮（Joanne）永远不会忘记在纽约演出的话剧《野餐》（Picnic）。一天晚上，演出进行到一半时，舞台布景——构成房子轮廓的屋顶和墙壁——在表演中突然倒塌。

Everyone was shocked when a fast-thinking actor spoke up and, still in character, declared, "I knew we needed to get that roof fixed!" The entire audience responded with a laugh of appreciation and recognition. That night, a friend in the audience told Joanne that the set collapsing was quite fortuitous. The event brought a sense of spontaneity and freshness to something that had been executed a bit anticipated and by-the-numbers.

当场所有人都感到震惊，这时，一位机智的演员依然以剧中人物的身份，宣布道：“我就知道我们得把屋顶修好！”全场观众报以赞赏和认可的笑声。当晚，观众席上的一位朋友告诉乔安妮，布景倒塌太巧了，这一意外给原本有些预料之中、按部就班的表演带来了一种自发性和新鲜感。

He said that the event "woke up" the actors and that they carried on for the rest of the play with an attentiveness and life in tune with the possibility that anything could happen. The audience was with the actors more than ever; turning something that could've thrown off an entire performance into something positive, and even made everyone feel like they had gotten through something special together.

他说，这一意外“唤醒”了演员们，让他们在接下来的演出中全神贯注，生龙活虎，因为一切都有可能发生。观众比以往任何时候都更加支持演员们；把原本可能会破坏整场表演的意外转化为正面影响，甚至让每个人都感觉到他们一起经历了一些特别的事情。

Another area that can go wrong during a live performance? Wardrobe. Years ago, Joanne was singing in a club in New York when her off-the-shoulder dress came undone. The audience started nervously laughing and finally, Joanne saw why. She started improvising the rest of her act around the issue and it became a hilarious crowd pleaser.

另一个可能在现场表演中出现问题的地方是服饰。多年前，乔安妮在纽约一家俱乐部唱歌时，她的露肩裙松开了。观众起初紧张地笑着，直到乔安妮意识到了问题所在。她灵活地围绕这一突发情况调整了自己的表演，这反而成了观众极为喜爱的一大亮点。

It's hard to prepare for the unknown but the big lesson from these examples is that you need to stay centered and think clearly of how best to refocus yourself and your audience. If possible, incorporate the incident into the experience, acknowledge but don't focus on it too much or let it throw you. Always remember to move forward with full reinvestment back into the performance.

为未知的情况做准备很难，但从这些例子中得到的重要启示是，你需要保持专注，想清楚如何才能最好地调整自己和观众的注意力。如果可能的话，将这些意外融入整体表演中，既承认其发生又不过分关注，也不要让其影响你。始终牢记，要向前看，全情投入到表演中。

After a brief acknowledgment of what has transpired, perhaps you improvise a line or two to transition from the event back into the world of the performance and recommit to the intentions, objectives, and relationships of the character you're portraying. If the performer can put it behind them, the audience can too.

简短地承认所发生的事情后，也许你可以即兴发挥一两句台词，从这个插曲回归到表演中，重新投入到你所扮演角色的意图、目标和关系中去。如果表演者能将其抛诸脑后，那么观众也能。

So the next time there's an unplanned interruption, costume malfunction, or the set or a prop breaks, stay calm, think creatively, and get back into the performance. Surprises, accidents, and even mistakes can become opportunities for creativity and even enhance a performance!

所以下次遇到意外中断、服饰出问题、道具或布景破碎时，请保持冷静，发挥创造力，并迅速回归表演。意外、事故甚至错误都可以成为发挥创造力的机会，甚至可以提升整场表演效果！

20240214钱辈请和我交往

Trick Your Brain Into Being Better With Money

From: The Wall Street Journal

The human brain isn't very good with money.

人类的大脑不太擅长处理金钱问题。

Altering our habits and attitudes around money requires a little brain training and putting up some guardrails, behavioral scientists said.

行为科学家表示，想要改变我们在金钱方面的习惯和态度，需要对大脑进行一些训练并设置一些防护围栏。

First, acknowledge that having money trouble isn't a personal shortcoming, said Wendy De La Rosa, a professor at Penn's Wharton business school.

首先，你要承认这一点：在金钱方面存在问题并不是一种个人缺点，宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院(Wharton business school)的教授温迪·德拉罗萨(Wendy De La Rosa)表示。

“Our brains are fundamentally not wired to make the decisions that we're asking ourselves to make,” she said. “You're asking a single individual to stand up against a whole host of organizations who are incentivized to get you to part with your money as quickly as possible.”

“从根本上说，我们的大脑生来无法作出我们要求自己作出的决定，”她说。“你这是在要求一个人站出来对抗一大群组织，这些组织受到某些因素激励，想你尽快花掉你的钱。”

Simplify your bills 简化你的账单

Big payoffs come from making one-time decisions right now that will streamline your finances in the future, said Abigail Sussman, a professor at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.

现在作出的某些一次性决定将简化你未来的财务状况，从而带来巨大的回报，芝加哥大学布斯商学院(University of Chicago Booth School of Business)的教授阿比盖尔·苏斯曼(Abigail Sussman)表示。

One of her recommendations is to reschedule the timing of your recurring bills so that they are all due at the same time of the month, perhaps shortly after a paycheck hits your account. You can often request a new due date from your credit-card company, cable provider and other billers.

她的建议之一是重新安排经常性账单的付款时间，让它们全部在每月的同一时间到期，也许可以选在你的薪水到账后不久。你通常可以要求信用卡公司、有线电视供应商和其他账单机构设定新的到期日。

This practice reduces the chance of forgetting to make a payment and frees up some of your finite mental bandwidth to handle other things.

这种做法可以减少忘记付款的可能性，释放一些有限的脑力来处理其他事情。

Set a financial health day 设定一个财务健康日

Adjusting your finances takes time. So schedule it.

调整你的财务状况需要时间。所以来安排一下吧。

Use that day to tackle tasks such as canceling a subscription you don't use anymore or closing an account that has been hitting you with fees.

利用这一天来处理一些任务，比如取消不再使用的订阅，或者关闭一直向你收手续费的账户。

If a whole day of financial chores feels overwhelming, take 15 minutes a day to cross one item off your to-do list, said Bari Tessler, a financial therapist, who refers to these sessions as “money dates.”

财务治疗师巴里·泰斯勒(Bari Tessler)表示，如果处理一整天的财务琐事让你感到难以承受，那就每天花15分钟从待办事项上划掉一项。他把这些时间段称为“金钱约会”。

“Ritualize it, make it creative, sit down, light a candle,” Tessler said. If you feel anxious during these activities, go for a quick walk or find something that will ease the tension.

泰斯勒说：“让这件事充满仪式感，让它变得有创意，坐下来，点燃一支蜡烛。”如果你在这些活动中感到焦虑，可以去外面散会儿步或者寻找一些可以缓解紧张情绪的活动。

Make spending hurt 让自己在花钱时心痛

Upfront fixes have some power to improve your financial life, but making smarter decisions about spending is an ongoing challenge.

上述这些前期调整可以在一定程度上改善你的财务生活，但作出更明智的支出决策则是一项持续的挑战。

It can be too easy to buy a pint of ice cream or a flat-screen TV. Making yourself more aware when money is leaving your wallet helps people spend less, said Scott Rick, an associate professor of marketing at the University of Michigan's Ross School of Business. He calls these actions “psychological speed bumps” that can protect you from overspending.

我们很容易头脑一热就买回一盒冰激凌或者一台平板电视。密歇根大学罗斯商学院(University of Michigan's Ross School of Business)的营销学副教授斯科特·里克(Scott Rick)表示，让自己更清楚地意识到钞票正在离你而去，可以帮助人们减少支出。他把这些行为称为“心理减速带”，可以帮助你避免过度消费。

Other favors you can do yourself while shopping online are installing an ad blocker so that tempting products don't follow you around the internet, and designating one day of the week as a time to make all of your purchases. In the preceding days, keep a list of everything you plan to buy so that you can reflect more on what you actually want.

可以让自己在网购时保持理性的其他举措包括安装广告拦截器，这样诱人的产品就不会在网上与你如影随形。你还可以指定在一周中的某一天完成所有的购物。在此之前的几天里，列出你计划购买的所有东西，这样就有更多时间思考什么是你真正想要的。

For in-person transactions, you can make spending more painful by asking for a receipt. Getting a physical one makes it easier to register how much you are spending in the moment, Rick said.

至于面对面的交易，你可以索要小票，从而让支出看起来更让人心痛。里克说，索要纸质收据可以让你更容易记录当前的花费。

Sweeten the small stuff 享受小物件带来的幸福感

Restricting yourself from purchases that you enjoy can create unnecessary guilt and lead to more stress.

限制自己购买喜欢的东西可能会造成不必要的内疚并导致更大的压力。

“You're not going to become rich by not buying lattes,” Rick said. “Don't beat yourself up over these little things that might actually be important for your mental well-being.”

“不买拿铁你也发不了财，”里克说。“不要因为购买这些小东西而责备自己，它们实际上可能对你的心理健康很重要。”

See how much money you have left each month, Rick says, after accounting for monthly bills, retirement contributions, emergency savings and coming savings goals. Then the fun part: Spend the majority of the remainder on treats, anything that might make your life easier, or donations to charity.

里克说，在考虑了每月账单、退休金缴存、应急储蓄和接下来的储蓄目标后，看看你每个月还剩下多少钱。然后就到了有趣的环节：将剩下的大部分钱用来犒赏自己，花在任何可能让生活变得更轻松的事情上，或者捐给慈善机构。

And just because something is bought on a whim doesn't mean it is a bad purchase, Rick said. Research also shows that budgeting too far in advance can lead to overspending. That is because the discomfort of limiting your spending with a budget fades over time. It is better to make such commitments closer to the fact.

而且，里克说，仅仅因为一时兴起而购买的东西不一定意味着它就不该买。研究还表明，提前过分精打细算反而可能导致过度开支。这是因为，随着时间的推移，用预算限制支出所带来的不适感会减退。最好是让这种承诺更切合实际。

20240215春节档电影你看了吗？

China's big Lunar New Year films spark social media debate about body issues, self-esteem and justice system

From: SCMP

Two Chinese films released over the Lunar New Year holiday have set off a social media buzz, with state agencies even joining the discussion which addresses topics such as weight loss, self-love and legal justice.

春节期间上映的两部中国电影在社交媒体上引发热议，讨论的话题包括减肥、爱自己和法律正义，甚至吸引了官方机构的参与。

Directed, written and starring Jia Ling, a representative of the new generation of female Chinese directors, YOLO is about an overweight woman, Leying, who loses weight through boxing training while finding herself and learning to love herself through the sport.

《热辣滚烫》（YOLO）由新一代中国女导演代表人物贾玲执导、编剧并主演。该片讲述了超重女主乐莹通过拳击训练实现减肥，同时通过这项运动找到自我并学会爱自己的故事。

While adapted from the Japanese film 100 Yen Love, the Chinese version is exceptional for Jia's physical transformation – for the movie she lost more than 50kg (110lbs) in a year to portray the rebirth of her character.

虽然改编自日本电影《百元之恋》（100 Yen Love），但中国版电影却因贾玲的身体蜕变而与众不同--为了演绎角色的重生，她在一年内减掉了50多公斤（110磅）的体重。

Jia's weight loss has been discussed more widely on social media than the film.

贾玲的减肥经历在社交媒体上比电影本身更受关注。

The director, who became a household name as a comedian, had drawn 1.6 billion yuan at the box office four days after the film was released. The film is rated 8/10 on Douban, the country's best-known film review site, with more than 140,000 reviews.

这位以喜剧演员身份家喻户晓的导演在影片上映四天后就获得了16亿人民币（2.2亿美元）的票房。豆瓣网是中国最知名的影评网站，有超过14万条评论，该片评分为8（满分10）。

Dominating social media are positive comments cheering Jia's weight loss, with some netizens even saying they were encouraged to head to the gym.

社交媒体上充满了对贾玲减肥成果的积极评价，一些网友甚至表示，看到贾玲的变化激励他们也要前往健身房。

Some reviewers wonder whether the film may trigger body anxiety and also say it downplays the difficulty of losing weight.

一些影评人担忧这部电影是否会引起身体焦虑，并表示影片淡化了减肥的难度。

But some top reviews on Douban said the film did not try to portray “losing weight”, but rather how a person could change their life through achieving a dream.

但豆瓣上的一些热门评论指出，影片并没有刻意描绘“减肥”，而是讲述一个人如何通过实现梦想来改变自己的生活。

Another film sparking discussion during the holiday period is Article 20 directed by Zhang Yimou, a prestigious and award-winning director in China.

另一部在假期引发热议的电影是由中国知名并屡获殊荣的导演张艺谋执导的《第二十条》。

Compared with Jia's YOLO, Zhang's film tackles a more controversial topic.

与贾玲的《热辣滚烫》相比，张艺谋的这部影片涉及的话题更具争议性。

In the film, three suspects who hurt or killed people had cause for self-defence or acted bravely for a just cause.

在影片中，三名伤人或杀人的犯罪嫌疑人都有正当防卫的理由，或是出于正义的勇敢行为。

Zhang, who has been one of China's top filmmakers, earned 700 million yuan at the box office in four days of screening Article 20. It rates 7.8/10 on Douban and has more than 70,000 reviews.

张艺谋一直是中国最顶尖的顶级电影制作人之一，在《第二十条》上映的4天内，票房收入达7亿元人民币（9700万美元）。该影片在豆瓣上的评分为7.8分，有超过7万条评论。

The movie has also sparked discussion about legal awareness and education in China.

这部影片也引发了关于中国法律意识和教育的讨论。

Lunar New Year is traditionally a key slot for China's box office.

春节档历来是中国电影票房的重要档期。

The total box office reached 5 billion yuan on Wednesday with YOLO leading ticket sales. Apart from YOLO and Article 20, Pegasus 2 directed by Chinese novelist Han Han, and The Movie Emperor, starring Hong Kong actor Andy Lau Tak-wah, are also competing in the holiday film market.

截至周三，总票房达到50亿元人民币，《热辣滚烫》的票房位居榜首。除了《热辣滚烫》和《第二十条》之外，中国小说家韩寒执导的《飞驰人生2》（Pegasus 2）和中国香港演员刘德华主演的《红毯先生》（The Movie Emperor）也在参与了春节档票房之争。

Last year, the week-long Lunar New Year slot earned 6.76 billion yuan at the box office.

去年，为期一周的春节档票房收入为67.6亿元。

20240216看电影拍照发朋友圈算盗摄吗

Apple patented a way to keep people from filming at concerts and movie theaters on their phones

From: QUARTZ

“Please, no flash photography.”

“请勿使用闪光灯拍照。”

Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don't dissuade people from taking photos of whatever they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places where people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may hinder that rebellious streak—on phones at least.

在世界各地的博物馆，我们经常能看到这样的友好提醒，然而，这些提醒往往难以阻止观众随意拍摄。同样的情况也发生在演唱会、电影院以及其他人们常常忽视拍摄限制的场所。苹果公司最近一项新专利或许能在手机上限制这种违规行为。

The patent, awarded to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues to use an infrared emitter to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a command to block the user from taking any photos or videos of whatever they're seeing.

该专利于今日授予苹果公司。该专利描述了一种系统，允许场所使用红外发射器远程禁用智能手机上的摄像头功能。专利说明称，相机能捕捉到红外线信号，并被智能手机解读为禁止拍摄的指令。

Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows, either because they want their audiences to actually pay attention to them, or because they don't want the free footage circulating around the web. Despite this, images still manage to leak out. Prince's last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn't. If Apple's patent is introduced into iPhone software, and venues put infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening.

许多音乐家和表演者禁止在他们的演出中使用手机，要么是因为他们希望观众真正关注他们，要么是因为他们不希望免费录像在网络上流传。尽管如此，还是会有画面流出。4月份，美国男歌手Prince去世前的最后一场演唱会本应是不允许使用手机的，但显然没有。如果苹果的专利被引入到iPhone软件中，并且演出场馆舞台周围放置红外发射器，此类泄露可能会得到有效遏制。

The patent also outlines ways that infrared blasters could actually improve someone's experience at a venue. For example, the beams could be used to send information to museum-goers by pointing a smartphone camera at a blaster placed next to a piece of art.

该专利还展示了红外发射器实际上可以增强观众在场馆体验的方法。例如，可以用智能手机摄像头对准放置在艺术品旁边的红外发射器，向博物馆参观者发送相关信息。

But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to people with more nefarious intentions.

但这项专利也提出了一些问题，即这项技术会把什么样的权力交给那些怀有更邪恶意图的人。

Right now, there's no guarantee that Apple intends to put this technology into any of its software—Apple doesn't act on many of the thousands of patents it files each year—and the company wasn't immediately available to comment on its plans for the patent.

目前尚不确定苹果是否打算将这项技术应用于其任何软件产品中——苹果公司每年申请的数千项专利中，许多都没有实际应用——且公司尚未对其专利计划发表评论。

Given the company's rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users' devices, it's possible that Apple just patented the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to circumvent the prohibitive software.

鉴于在警方要求破解用户设备时苹果公司对保护用户隐私的坚定立场，苹果公司可能仅仅是为了防止其他人滥用该技术而申请了专利。但谁知道呢，如果苹果公司真的打算在未来的操作系统中引入这项功能，那么摄像机甚至GoPros的销量都可能会大量提升，因为人们会试图规避这些禁止使用的软件。

20240217今年春节，你被催婚了吗

Why China's Young People Are Not Getting Married

From: The New York Times

Grace Zhang is a tech worker who had long been ambivalent about marriage.

技术工作者格蕾丝·张（音）长期以来一直对婚姻抱着矛盾的态度。

When China reopened in December, Ms. Zhang, 31, left Shanghai to work remotely, traveling from city to city in hopes that a change of scene would restore her positive outlook.

2023年12月中国重新放开后，31岁的张女士离开了上海，开始远程工作。她怀着换个环境能让自己恢复积极心态的希望，从一个城市旅行到另一个城市。

Now, as she sees rising layoffs around her in a troubled economy, she wonders if her job is secure enough to sustain a future family. She has a boyfriend but no immediate plans to marry, despite frequent admonishments from her father that it's time to settle down.

现在，由于经济状态不佳，她看到周围被裁员的人数不断增加，她不确定自己的工作是否足够稳定，能让她考虑在未来建立家庭。虽然她有男朋友，但他们没有马上结婚的计划，尽管她父亲经常催她早点安定下来。

“This kind of instability in life will make people more and more afraid of making new life changes,” she said.

“这种生活的不稳定，就会让人越来越畏惧去产生新的生活的改变，”她说。

The number of marriages in China declined for nine consecutive years, falling by half in less than a decade.

中国的结婚人数已连续九年下降，在不到10年的时间里已减少了一半。

The number of marriages in China declined for nine consecutive years, falling by half in less than a decade. Last year, about 6.8 million couples registered for marriage, the lowest since records began in 1986, down from 13.5 million in 2013, according to government data released last month.

中国的结婚人数已连续九年下降，在不到10年的时间里已减少了一半。据政府上个月（6月）发布的数据，去年约有680万对夫妇登记结婚，是自1986年有记录以来的最低水平，远低于2013年的1350万对。

Although the numbers have risen so far in 2023 compared with the year before, more marriages are ending, too. In the first quarter of this year, 40,000 more couples married compared with the same period a year earlier, while divorces rose by 127,000.

尽管2023年的登记结婚人数与上年相比有所增加，但离婚人数也在增加。今年第一季度，结婚人数比去年同期增加了4万对，离婚人数则增加了12.7万对。

Surveys have shown that young people are deterred by the toll of putting a child through China's cutthroat education system. As women in cities achieve new levels of financial independence and education, marriage is less of an economic necessity to them. And men say they cannot afford to get married, citing cultural pressure to own a home and a car before they can even begin dating.

调查显示，让孩子经历残酷的教育体系的代价导致许多年轻人不想生孩子。随着城市女性的经济独立能力和受教育水平达到新高，对她们来说，婚姻从经济角度来看不再是必需的。男性说他们负担不起结婚的费用，他们指出，文化压力迫使他们在开始约会之前就必须拥有房屋和汽车。

20240218特朗普卖鞋

Trump launches gold high top sneaker line a day after $350m court ruling

From: The Guardian

Donald Trump has launched his own sneaker brand, a day after a New York judge ordered him to pay $354.9m in penalties for fraudulently overstating his net worth to dupe lenders.

唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）推出了自己的运动鞋品牌。一天前，纽约一名法官裁定他因虚报净资产欺骗贷方而罚款3.549亿美元。

“I've wanted to do this a long time,” the former US president said, as he unveiled what he called the first official Trump footwear at Sneaker Con in Philadelphia, a gathering that bills itself as the “The Greatest Sneaker Show on Earth.”

这位美国前总统说：“我早就想这么做这个了，”他在费城的运动鞋展（Sneaker Con）上发布了他所谓的第一款特朗普官方鞋，该鞋展号称是“全球最大的运动鞋展。”

He was met with loud boos as well as cheers, Associated Press reported, adding that as he spoke, the smell of weed occasionally wafted through the room. Attendees skewed younger and more diverse than Trump's usual rally crowds, the news wire wrote.

据美联社报道，在他的发言中，观众的反响混杂着喝彩与嘘声，时不时有大麻的气味在空中飘荡。报道还提到，与特朗普惯常集会的人群相比，这里的参与者更年轻、更具多元性。

The shoes, shiny, gold high tops with an American flag detail on the back, are being sold as Never Surrender High-Tops for $399 on a new website that also sells Trump-branded Victory47 cologne and perfume for $99 a bottle. Trump would be the 47^th president if elected again.

这双闪亮的金色高帮鞋，背面有美国国旗图案，名为“永不放弃高帮鞋”（Never Surrender），通过一个全新的网站以399美元的售价面世。该网站还出售特朗普品牌的Victory47古龙水和香水，每瓶售价99美元。如果再次当选，特朗普将成为第47任总统。

The website says it has no connection to Trump's campaign, though Trump campaign officials promoted the appearance in online posts.

该网站称自己与特朗普的竞选活动没有任何关系，不过特朗普竞选团队在网上发帖对此进行了宣传。

Trump later lashed out at Justice Arthur Engoron, who on Friday ordered him as well as his eldest sons and associates to pay over $354.9m plus pre-judgment interest after finding them guilty of intentionally committing financial fraud over the course of a decade.

在阿瑟·恩戈伦法官（Justice Arthur Engoron）裁定特朗普及其长子和助手在过去十年故意犯下金融欺诈罪需支付逾3.549亿美元及审判前利息后的第二天，特朗普对其进行了猛烈抨击。

Addressing supporters for the first time since the ruling, the frontrunner for the Republican White House nomination told thousands of supporters at a campaign rally in Michigan the decision was an “election interference ploy”.

在密歇根州的一次竞选集会上，共和党最有可能获得总统候选人提名的他在裁决后首次向支持者发表讲话，告诉数千名支持者这一裁决是“干预选举的伎俩”。

He made the unsubstantiated claim that the judge was part of a “left wing” conspiracy aimed at stopping him from becoming president again, adding that “these repulsive abuses of power are not just an attack on me, they are an attack on all Americans”.

他毫无依据地宣称，法官是旨在阻止他再次成为总统的“左翼”阴谋的一环，并补充说，“这些令人厌恶的滥用权力行为不仅是对我的攻击，也是对所有美国人的攻击”。

Trump also repeated his lie that his 2020 election defeat to Democratic US President Joe Biden was due to election fraud.

特朗普还重申了他的谎言，称他在2020年大选中输给民主党的乔·拜登（Joe Biden）是由于选举舞弊。

Engoron also banned Trump from serving as an officer or director of any New York corporation for three years. The judge said of Trump and his co-defendants: “Their complete lack of contrition and remorse borders on pathological.”

恩戈伦法官还裁定禁止特朗普在三年内担任任何纽约公司的高管或董事。法官在谈及特朗普及其共同被告时表示：“他们完全没有悔恨和自责，近乎病态。”

New York attorney general Letitia James had accused Trump and his family businesses of overstating his net worth by as much $3.6bn a year over a decade to fool bankers into giving him better loan terms.

纽约州总检察长莱蒂西亚-詹姆斯（Letitia James）曾指控特朗普及其家族企业在十年间每年虚报净资产多达36亿美元，以欺骗银行家从而获得更优惠的贷款条件。

Trump also faces four state and federal criminal trials, including one scheduled to start in New York on 25 March, over alleged hush money payments to a porn star. That means Trump will become the first former US president to stand trial on criminal charges.

特朗普还面临四项州和联邦刑事审判，其中一项定于3月25日在纽约开庭，罪名是涉嫌向色情明星支付封口费。这意味着特朗普将成为首位因刑事指控而受审的美国前总统。

20240219学校通报女教师出轨高中生

New Harvard Policy Bans Teacher-Student Relations

From: The New York Times, Feb. 5, 2015

Harvard University has adopted a ban on professors' having sexual or romantic relationships with undergraduate students, joining a small but growing number of universities prohibiting such relationships. The move comes as the Obama administration investigates the handling of accusations of sexual assault at dozens of colleges, including Harvard.

哈佛大学（Harvard University）日前颁布了一项新政策，明文禁止教授与本科生发生性关系或恋情，由此加入一个为数不多，但数量不断增长的禁止此类关系的大学之列。此举正值奥巴马政府对几十所高校处理性侵指控的方式展开调查之际。哈佛也是被调查的对象。

The ban clarifies an earlier policy that labeled sexual and romantic relationships between professors and the students they teach as inappropriate, but did not explicitly prohibit professors from having relationships with students they did not teach.

这项禁令澄清了此前一项政策，后者将教授及其所教学生之间的性关系和恋情称作“不适当”，但并未明确禁止教授与他们没教的学生发生暧昧关系。

Harvard said Thursday that the change had been made after a panel reviewing the institution's policy on Title IX, the federal law prohibiting sex discrimination in education, determined that the university's existing policy language on “relationships of unequal status did not explicitly reflect the faculty's expectations of what constituted an appropriate relationship between undergraduate students and faculty members.” It said the policy had been revised “to include a clear prohibition to better accord with these expectations.”

哈佛大学周四表示，这项改变是在一个专家组复审了该校与教育法修正案第九条（Title IX）相关的政策之后做出的。该条款旨在禁止教育领域的性别歧视。这个专家组确定，哈佛大学目前关于“不平等地位之关系”的政策用语，“并没有明确反映学院对什么构成本科生和教师之间适当关系的期望。”该校声称，修订这项政策是“为了包含一个明确的禁令，以更好地符合这些期望”。

The change was recommended by the Faculty of Arts and Sciences Committee on Sexual Misconduct Policy and Procedures. It was made public Monday in a document revising the division's sexual harassment policy.

这项改变的推荐人是艺术与科学学院性骚扰政策和程序委员会（Faculty of Arts and Sciences Committee on Sexual Misconduct Policy and Procedures）。周一发布的一项文件修改了该院的性骚扰政策，这项改变随之公布于众。

Besides banning sexual and romantic relationships between professors and all undergraduates, the policy also bans such relationships between teaching staff, such as graduate students, and the students who fall under their supervision or evaluation.

除了禁止教授和所有本科生发生性关系或恋情之外，这项政策还禁止教辅人员（比如研究生）与他们监督或评估的学生发生这种关系。

“Our rule is that if you are supervising, evaluating or grading someone, you should not have a sexual relationship with that person,” said Alison Johnson, a history professor who led the committee.

“我们的原则是，如果你正在监督、评估某人或者正在给其打分，你就不应该与此人发生性关系。”该委员会负责人，历史学教授艾莉森·约翰逊（Alison Johnson）说。

The American Association of University Professors does not recommend that colleges ban such relationships, but the organization has noted that they “are fraught with the potential for exploitation.”

美国大学教授协会（American Association of University Professors）不建议高校禁止这种关系，但该组织指出，他们“有很多潜在的利用机会。”

It says that intimate relationships between students and professors make consent hard to determine because of the unequal power dynamic, and leave institutions vulnerable to allegations of sexual harassment.

该组织表示，由于不平等的权力格局，学生和教授的亲密关系使得“同意”很难确定，从而让高等院校很容易受到性骚扰指控。

After the courts found in the 1990s that universities could be financially liable for sexual harassment, many institutions — among them, the University of California and Yale — adopted formal policies forbidding sexual or romantic relationships between faculty and students.

上世纪90年代，在法院发现大学或许要为性骚扰承担经济责任之后，包括加州大学（University of California）和耶鲁大学（Yale University ）在内的许多高校，正式颁布政策，禁止师生之间发生性关系或恋情。

20240220Sora是什么？

OpenAI Develops Tool to Create Realistic AI Videos

From: The Wall Street Journal

OpenAI has introduced new technology that uses artificial intelligence to create high-quality videos from text descriptions.

OpenAI推出了一项新技术，利用人工智能（AI）可根据文字描述生成高质量视频。

The company released short clips showcasing vivid, seemingly realistic videos, including woolly mammoths trekking across a snowy field, ocean waves crashing against a cliff's shoreline and people doing everyday things like reading a book or walking down a city street.

该公司发布了几个生动、看似逼真的短视频，内容有几头长毛猛犸象在雪地中前行；海浪拍打着悬崖边缘；人们的日常生活，比如正在读书或走在城市街道上。

OpenAI calls the new system Sora. It takes a written prompt and, through AI, renders a richly detailed video. OpenAI is one of many companies like Alphabet's Google and Meta Platforms seeking to capitalize on new AI-video developments.

OpenAI将这款新系统称为Sora。Sora会接收用户的文字提示，然后通过AI生成一段细节丰富的视频。Alphabet旗下谷歌（Google）以及Meta Platforms等许多公司都在寻求把握新的AI视频技术发展机会，OpenAI是其中之一。

Microsoft-backed OpenAI, maker of the ChatGPT AI chatbot, said it is sharing the text-to-video technology with a select group of researchers and academics who will study it to find ways the AI program could be misused. It hasn't been released to the public.

背靠微软（Microsoft）的OpenAI开发了AI聊天机器人ChatGPT。OpenAI表示，正在把这项文字转视频技术分享给一批精选的研究人员和学者，他们将研究Sora，发现该AI程序被滥用的风险。Sora尚未向公众发布。

OpenAI previously released a program called Dall-E 2 that produces still images based on text descriptions.

OpenAI此前发布了一款名为Dall-E 2的程序，可以根据文字描述生成静态图像。

Sam Altman, OpenAI's chief executive, on Thursday asked users on X to submit text descriptions for Sora. He then shared their creations.

OpenAI首席执行官阿尔特曼（Sam Altman）周四在X上让该平台用户把自己想给Sora的文字描述提交给他。然后，他分享了Sora根据这些描述生成的视频。

“We'd like to show you what Sora can do,” he wrote on X. “Don't hold back on the detail or difficulty!”

“我们想向你们展示Sora能做什么，”他在X上写道。“不用担心你的要求太细，或是难度太大！”

One person asked for “a bicycle race on the ocean with different animals as athletes riding the bicycles with drone camera view.” Altman posted a Sora-generated video of penguins, dolphins and other aquatic creatures on bikes in his reply.

有人提出想要“一段海上自行车比赛的视频，让各种动物作为运动员骑自行车，采用无人机拍摄视角”。阿尔特曼在回复中发布了一段由Sora生成的视频，视频中有企鹅、海豚和其他水生生物骑自行车。

Another video showed a smiling, white-haired woman in an apron inviting viewers into her kitchen. Sora generated the AI video after Altman was asked for a cooking lesson “for homemade gnocchi hosted by a grandmother social media influencer set in a rustic Tuscan country kitchen with cinematic lighting.”

另一段视频显示，一位身穿围裙、面带微笑的白发女士邀请观众进入她的厨房。有人向阿尔特曼要一段“由一名祖母辈的网红主持的自制团子烹饪课程，背景是一个质朴的托斯卡纳乡村厨房，并配有电影级的灯光”，之后Sora生成了这段AI视频。

The technology still has some flaws, the company said, including some spatial issues.

OpenAI表示，这项技术仍存在一些缺陷，包括一些空间问题。

The company said it is aware of Sora's potential to create misinformation and hateful content, among other things. AI-powered deepfakes have emerged as a risk that could confuse the public ahead of the 2024 presidential election, researchers said. OpenAI has said it is taking actions to get ready for the election, including prohibiting the use of its tools for political campaigning.

该公司表示，它意识到Sora有可能制造错误信息和仇恨内容等。研究人员说，AI驱动的深度伪造已成为一种风险，可能会在2024年总统大选前给公众造成困惑。OpenAI曾表示，公司正在采取行动为大选做好准备，包括禁止将其工具用于政治造势活动。

Putting watermarks on AI-generated videos and images, as many companies have said they would do, might help, according to Siwei Lyu, director of the Media Forensic Lab at the University at Buffalo. But in many cases, watermarks can be removed or altered, he said.

布法罗大学（University at Buffalo）的Media Forensic Lab主任吕思伟（Siwei Lyu）表示，在AI生成的视频和图像上加上水印可能会有所帮助，许多公司说它们会这样做。但他说，在很多情况下，水印是可以被移除或篡改的。

As AI programs like Sora pop up, the technology will add to existing challenges with image and audio deepfakes, Lyu said.

吕思伟说，随着像Sora这样的AI程序不断涌现，除了由图像和音频深度伪造构成的现有挑战之外，这项技术将带来更多挑战。

20240221为什么年后会是离婚高发期

'Divorce Month' Fact or Fiction: Do More Couples Split in January?

From: The New York Times, Jan. 4, 2020

January is often reserved for kicking bad habits and beginning work on New Year's resolutions. But some parts of the internet — especially news articles from the last few years and even some law groups — have cast a dark cloud on the month, suggesting it is a popular time for couples to divorce. They've even unofficially nicknamed January “divorce month.”

一月份，往往是人们改掉坏习惯、开始新年计划的时刻。然而，互联网上——尤其是近几年的新闻报道，甚至一些律所——都给这个月份蒙上了一层不祥之影，认为一月份是夫妻离婚的高发期。他们甚至非正式地称一月份为“离婚月”。

Bleak, for sure. But is there any truth behind it? The answer, of course, is complicated.

无疑，这听起来颇为凄凉。但这种说法背后真有根据吗？当然，答案很复杂。

“Divorce is seasonal,” Vicky Townsend, co-founder and chief executive of the National Association of Divorce Professionals, said last month.

“离婚有其季节性，”美国国家离婚专业人员协会联合创始人兼首席执行官维基·汤森（Vicky Townsend）上个月表示。

From Thanksgiving until New Year's, lawyers' offices are slow because people have put off divorcing until after the holidays, Ms. Townsend said. And people who may have been considering a divorce in the final months of the year often put off the decision until the holidays have finished, she noted. The idea may be, “New Year's resolutions — it's a new year, new you, new start,” she said. “The holidays are over, and I'm not going into this year as miserable as I was last year.”

汤森说，从感恩节到新年期间，律师事务所通常较为清闲，因为许多人选择在节后再处理离婚事宜。她指出，那些可能在年末几个月考虑离婚的人往往会推迟到节后再做决定。他们的想法可能是，“新年新气象——新的一年，新的自己，新的开始，”她说。“假期结束了，我不会再像去年那样痛苦地度过今年了。”

People are indeed searching for divorce information just after the holidays.

人们确实在节后开始搜索离婚信息。

A Google Trends search for “divorce” last year returned that it was, ever so slightly, most popular from Jan. 6 through Jan. 12. The term also appeared to be trending upward from the last week of December through this week. But over the past five years, the search term peaked at various times including March 2018, January 2017 and September 2016.

去年谷歌趋势搜索结果显示，从1月6日到1月12日，离婚一词的搜索量达到了小高峰。从12月最后一周到本周，该词的搜索量似乎也在呈上升趋势。但在过去五年中，该词的搜索量在2018年3月、2017年1月和2016年9月等不同时间达到过峰值。

The idea of a January divorce trend may have started in the 1970s and 1980s when baby boomers started divorcing at higher rates, said Susan Myres, president of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers and a divorce lawyer in Houston.

美国婚姻律师学会（American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers）主席、休斯顿离婚律师苏珊·迈尔斯（Susan Myres）说，1月离婚潮的概念可能始于20世纪70年代和80年代，当时婴儿潮一代的离婚率开始上升。

But not every divorce expert thinks January spells bad news for marriages.

但并非每位离婚专家都认为1月份对婚姻来说是个不祥之兆。

David K. Wilkinson, a founding partner of the Wilkinson and Finkbeiner law firm in San Diego, said people start calling lawyers for information after the holidays, but “that doesn't necessarily mean they'll file at that time.”

圣地亚哥威尔金森和芬克贝纳律师事务所创始合伙人大卫·威尔金森（David K. Wilkinson）说，人们在节后开始打电话向律师咨询信息，但“这并不一定意味着他们会在那个时候提交离婚申请。”

A 2016 study conducted by the University of Washington analyzed divorce filings in Washington State from 2001 to 2015 and found they peaked in March and August, following the winter and summer holidays.

华盛顿大学在2016年进行的一项研究分析了2001年至2015年华盛顿州的离婚申请，发现离婚申请的高峰期在3月和8月，即寒暑假之后。

“People tend to face the holidays with rising expectations, despite what disappointments they might have had in years past,” Julie Brines, associate sociology professor and co-author of the study, said at the time. “They represent periods of the year when there's the anticipation or the opportunity for a new beginning, a new start, something different, a transition into a new period of life. It's like an optimism cycle, in a sense.”

“尽管人们在过去几年中可能有过失望，但面对假期，他们往往会抱着更高的期望，”该研究的共同作者、社会学副教授朱莉·布林斯（Julie Brines）当时说道。“它们代表着一年中对新开始、新起点、新事物、向新生活阶段过渡的期待或机会。从某种意义上说，这就像是一个乐观主义的周期。”

Incompatibility, infidelity and money problems are the three leading causes of divorce, according to a 2013 survey conducted by the Institute for Divorce Financial Analysts.

根据离婚财务分析师研究所（Institute for Divorce Financial Analysts）2013 年的一项调查，感情不和、不忠和金钱问题是离婚的三大主要原因。

Responsibilities with children and a lack of romance are also two red flags for people who feel unhappy, Ms. Myres said. “Too much time with family can often trigger someone waking up and realizing, 'This is not what I want for the rest of my life,'” she said. “You'll see an uptick in filings after Valentine's Day and around August,” when children have had summer off and before school starts.

迈尔斯说，对感到不幸福的人来说，照顾孩子的责任和缺乏浪漫也是两个危险信号。“和家人在一起的时间太长，往往会让人醒悟，'这不是我想要的余生，'”她说。“你会发现，在情人节之后以及8月份左右，当孩子们享受暑假和开学前的时期，离婚申请的数量会有所增加。”

“It is my firm belief that people get divorced because their expectations were not met,” Ms. Myres said. “Whatever their expectations are. When enough of them are not being met, divorce will happen.”

“我坚信，人们离婚是因为他们的期望没有得到满足，”迈尔斯说，“无论他们的期望是什么。当期望得不到满足时，就会离婚。”

20240222考虫倒闭了

2023 was a worse year for corporate bankruptcies than 2020—and the highest since the GFC—after a stunning 72% surge, S&P Global finds

From: FORTUNE, January 10, 2024

When much of the world's economy shut down after the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020, businesses across the U.S. were on the ropes. In total, 639 U.S. corporations went bankrupt that year, according to an analysis by S&P Global. Despite the Federal Reserve slashing interest rates to near zero and Congress unveiling the $2.2 trillion Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act to help keep Main Street afloat, it was a disastrous year for American businesses.

2020年新冠肺炎疫情爆发后，全球经济大范围停摆，美国众多企业陷入困境。根据标普全球公司（S&P Global）的分析，当年共有639家美国公司破产。尽管美联储将利率降至接近于零，国会也公布了2.2万亿美元的《新冠病毒援助、救济和经济安全法案》以帮助维持小微企业的运营，但对美国企业来说，那依然是极为艰难的一年。

But surprisingly, in 2023, rising interest rates and wages have led to even more bankruptcies than during the height of the pandemic among the U.S.'s biggest firms. There were 642 total corporate bankruptcy filings last year, a 13-year high, according to a new report from S&P Global. That's not only more than there were in 2020—when, as S&P Global notes, there was “a flurry of COVID-19 pandemic-related filings”—it's also 72% more bankruptcies than there were in 2022.

但出人意料的是，在2023年，利率和工资上涨导致了美国最大公司中的破产数比疫情最严重时期的还要多。标普全球的一份新报告显示，去年共有642家公司申请破产，创下了13年来的新高。正如标普全球公司所指出的，这一数字不仅超越了2020年，当年“出现了一系列与疫情相关的破产申请”，而且也比2022年多72%。

And the true carnage was even more dire than the statistics indicate, when you consider that S&P Global's methodology only factors in bankruptcies by public companies with assets and liabilities over $2 million, as well as private companies with assets and liabilities over $10 million.

考虑到标普全球公司统计破产情况只涉及资产和负债超过200万美元的上市公司以及资产和负债超过1,000万美元的私营公司，真实情况比这些统计数据所反映的还要严重。

Despite Wall Street's nearly consensus forecast for interest rate cuts and a soft landing (when inflation fades without a job-killing recession), S&P Global warned that corporations will face the same issues this year as they did in 2023. “Although investors expect the Federal Reserve to cut interest rates as early as March, companies will still have to contend with relatively high interest rates and robust wage growth in the near term,” they wrote Tuesday.

尽管华尔街几乎一致地预测利率将下调，并且经济将实现软着陆（即在避免引发失业的经济衰退的情况下减缓通胀），但标普全球公司警告称，企业今年将面临与2023年相同的挑战。标普全球公司周二指出：“尽管投资者预计美联储最早将于3月降息，但公司在短期内仍将不得不应对相对较高的利率和强劲的工资增长问题。”

Joseph Acosta, a partner focused on bankruptcies at the international law firm Dorsey & Whitney, echoed those comments, warning it could be a tough year for many already ailing U.S. corporations. “In a high-interest-rate environment, where debt service obligations are rising, there are surely many other companies who simply won't be able to pay their bills like they used to,” he told Fortune.

国际德汇律师事务所（Dorsey & Whitney）负责破产事务的合伙人约瑟夫·阿科斯塔（Joseph Acosta）也发表了同样的看法，他警告称，对于许多已经陷入困境的美国公司来说，今年可能是艰难的一年。他在接受《财富》杂志采访时表示：“在高利率环境下，偿债义务不断增加，无疑还有众多公司将难以像往常一样支付账单。”

That could mean 2024 features another slate of big name bankruptcies. Last year, the office leasing giant WeWork, the electric scooter company Bird Global, and the retailer Bed Bath & Beyond all filed for bankruptcy. A number of sectors, from office real estate to brick-and-mortar retailers, are now not only struggling with higher borrowing and wage costs, they're watching their industries change in front of them after the pandemic.

这可能意味着2024年将再次见证一系列知名企业的破产。去年，办公室租赁巨头WeWork、电动滑板车公司Bird Global和零售商Bed Bath & Beyond都申请了破产。从写字楼房地产到实体零售商，许多行业现在不仅要面对更高的借贷成本和工资支出，还要应对疫情后行业变革带来的挑战。

The rise of remote work as well as the shifting of supply chains and the birth of new technologies like AI after the pandemic have left some business models broken. Dorsey & Whitney's Acosta warned that he believes “we have not remotely finished seeing the wake of the pandemic and its effects on major industries.”

疫情后，远程工作的兴起、供应链的调整以及人工智能等新技术的诞生，导致一些商业模式被打破。德汇律师事务所的约瑟夫·阿科斯塔警告称，他认为“我们还远远没有看清疫情的余波及其对主要行业的影响。”

2024022390后退休时间可能要延迟到七八十岁

Here is the age when many Americans hope to retire

From: CNBC, JAN 3 2022

Many workers look forward to the day when they can retire.

众多职场人士都憧憬着退休的那一天。

A recent survey from Natixis Investment Managers set out to find out exactly when most Americans hope to stop working.

法盛资产管理公司（Natixis Investment Managers）最近进行了一项调查，试图了解大多数美国人期望退休的具体年龄。

The average age is 62, the research found.

调查发现，平均年龄为62岁。

However, it turns out when people to hang up their hats varies by generation.

然而，事实证明，不同世代的人希望退休的时间也不尽相同。

The youngest cohort, Generation Y — ages 25 to 40 — plans to retire at an average age of 59. For Generation X — now 41 to 56 — the average age is 60. Baby boomers — who range from 57 to 75 — indicated they plan to work longer, with an average expected retirement age of 68.

最年轻的Y世代（现年25岁到40岁）计划退休的平均年龄为59岁。对于X世代（现年41至56岁）来说，计划退休的平均年龄为60岁。婴儿潮一代（现年57岁到75岁）则表示，他们计划工作更久一些，计划退休的平均年龄为68岁。

That's as 83% of non-retired U.S. investors said they are confident they will be financially secure in retirement. That includes 88% of Gen Y, 82% of Gen X and 79% of baby boomers.

与此同时，83%未退休的美国投资者表示，他们对退休后的财务状况抱有信心。其中包括88%的Y世代、82%的X世代和79%的婴儿潮一代都对自己退休后的财务状况抱有信心。

Even so, 41% of respondents said achieving financial security in retirement is “going to take a miracle,” the survey found. That sentiment was highest among Gen Y, with 46%, and Gen X, 45%, while baby boomers came in with 30%.

即便如此，调查发现，41%的受访者表示，退休后财务状况有保障“需要奇迹”。这一观点在Y世代和X世代中的比例最高，分别为46%和45%，而在婴儿潮一代中的比例则为30%。

While there is a general sense of confidence, the results show there are a number of questions people have with regard to retirement planning, said Dave Goodsell, executive director at Natixis' Center for Investor Insight.

法盛投资者洞察中心（Center for Investor Insight）执行董事戴夫·古德塞尔（Dave Goodsell）表示，尽管人们普遍有信心，但调查结果显示，人们在退休规划方面仍有许多疑问。

Those questions include: When am I going to retire? How much money am I going to need? How long will the money need to last?

这些问题包括：我什么时候退休？我需要多少钱？这笔钱需要维持多久?

“There are a lot of things that cause nagging doubt for people,” Goodsell said.

古德塞尔说：“有很多事情会令人忧虑。”

The survey included 750 U.S. investors who had a median of $450,000 in investable assets. The U.S. results are part of a global survey of 8,550 individual investors. Notably, the average retirement age for that broader group around the world was also 62.

这项调查包括750名美国投资者，他们的可投资资产中位数为45万美元。美国的调查结果是全球8550名个人投资者调查的一部分。值得注意的是，全球范围内这一群体的平均退休年龄也是62岁。

In the wake of Covid-19, financial advisors say, many clients are now asking, “Can I retire earlier?”

财务顾问表示，疫情之后，许多客户现在都在问，“我能提前退休吗？”

Much of whether or not that can happen in the future depends on the actions workers take now.

未来能否提前退休在很大程度上取决于职场人士现在采取的行动。

Certain strategies can help you save more with the money you already earn.

某些策略可以帮助你用已经赚到的钱存下更多的钱。

Increasing your income — particularly through a side hustle — can help you reach your retirement savings goals even faster.

增加收入——尤其是通过副业——可以帮助你更快地达成退休储蓄目标。

“I tell my clients, if you want to shave off 10 years pre-retirement, that means we really need to hustle now and find other ways to bring in income,” said Winnie Sun, managing director of Sun Group Wealth Partners in Irvine, California.

“我告诉我的客户，如果你想提前10年退休，那就意味着我们现在真的需要抓紧时间，找到其他收入来源，”加州尔湾（Irvine）金融咨询公司Sun Group Wealth Partners董事总经理Winnie Sun说。

20240224世界讨厌香菜日来了

Why do some people think cilantro tastes like soap?

From: Live Science

Cilantro is one divisive herb: People either love it or hate it. Julia Child disavowed the stuff, claiming it had a soapy taste in 1955 — and the comparison stuck. Between 3% and 21% of people, depending on their location in the world, dislike cilantro for its soapiness. But how can people have such vastly different sensations from the same herb?

香菜这种草本植物在人们之间引发了极大的分歧：有人喜欢，有人则反感。朱莉娅·查尔德（Julia Child）在1955年就宣称自己无法忍受香菜，称其有一种肥皂味——这种说法一直持续到现在。根据地理位置的不同，大约3%到21%的人因香菜的“肥皂味”而厌恶它。但为何同样的香菜在不同的人群中会引发如此迥异的感受呢？

Genetics plays a major role, it turns out.

研究显示，遗传学在这一现象中扮演了关键角色。

It's no surprise that people have different reactions to the same food, but usually, they're responding to the same taste experience. Chilis are a classic example: Everyone experiences the burning sensation, and only some people like it.

尽管人们对同一食物有不同的反应并不罕见，但通常人们感受到的是相同的味觉体验。以辣椒为例：每个人都会感受到灼烧感，但只有部分人喜欢这种感觉。

Cilantro is different, said John Hayes, a sensory expert and professor of food science at Penn State. People describe a fundamentally different experience or sense when they consume the herb. "Nobody knows exactly which genes are involved in cilantro preference," Hayes said. But in a large observational study a specific olfactory receptor gene, OR6A2, has been implicated.

宾夕法尼亚州立大学食品科学教授、感官专家约翰·海斯（John Hayes）说，香菜则不同。人们在食用香菜时会有一种完全不同的体验或感觉。海耶斯说：“没有人确切知道哪些基因与香菜偏好有关。”但在一项大规模的观察性研究中，研究者证实了一种特定的嗅觉受体基因OR6A2与此有关。

The study was done by 23andMe. The consumer DNA testing company looked at a "crude measure of sensory phenotype but over a very large population," Hayes explained.

这项研究由23andMe公司完成。海斯解释说，这家消费者DNA检测公司“针对一个非常大的人群，对感官表型进行了一种粗略的测量”。

A 23andMe team surveyed thousands of respondents about their cilantro preference and identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with cilantro aversion. The SNP lies in a cluster of genes that code for olfactory receptors, researchers at the company reported in the journal Flavour in 2012.

23andMe公司的一个团队调查了数千名受访者对香菜的偏好，发现了一种与讨厌香菜相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。该公司的研究人员在2012年的《风味》（Flavour）杂志上报告称，SNP位于一组编码嗅觉受体的基因中。

One of those genes encodes for the receptor OR6A2, which happens to specifically bind to aldehydes that give cilantro its specific odor, according to 23andMe.

据23andMe公司称，其中一个基因编码了受体OR6A2，而该受体恰好能与赋予香菜特殊气味的醛类物质发生特异性结合。

The 23and Me study also found that cilantro preference is likely heritable and varies by ethnicity, according to 23andMe's findings. Of the Southern and Northern European respondents, about 13% said cilantro tastes like soap. But only 8% of East Asian respondents and 4% of South Asian respondents were anti-cilantro. Since cilantro is a featured herb in South and East Asia, "it may be that cultures that experienced less soapiness would be more likely to adopt it," Hayes said.

23andMe公司的研究结果还发现，对香菜的偏好可能是可遗传的，并且因种族而异。在南欧和北欧受访者中，约13%的人表示香菜尝起来像肥皂。但只有8%的东亚受访者和4%的南亚受访者不喜欢香菜。海斯说，由于香菜是南亚和东亚的一种特色草本植物，“可能是体验过较少肥皂味的文化更有可能接受它。”

Even though cilantro preference is innate, it's not concrete. Just like other food preferences, you can grow accustomed to cilantro with repeated exposure. "Biology is not destiny," Hayes said. So, even if you hate cilantro now, it's never too late to change.

尽管对香菜的偏好是天生的，但并非不可改变。正如对其他食物的偏好一样，通过反复接触，人们可以逐渐接受香菜。“生物学特征并不决定一切命运，”海斯说。所以，即使你现在讨厌香菜，现在改变也为时不晚。

20240225娃哈哈官网变为灰色

China's Former Richest Person Zong Qinghou Dead At 79: Company

From: AFP

Zong Qinghou, a Chinese business magnate whose leading beverage firm once made him the richest person in the country, died on Sunday, his company said. He was 79.

宗庆后，这位曾令娃哈哈集团荣耀全国、一度登顶中国首富宝座的商界翘楚，于周日辞世，享年79岁，其公司对外宣布了这一消息。

Zong was the founder of the Wahaha conglomerate, which specialises in bottled water, soft drinks, tea and other products.

宗庆后是娃哈哈集团的创始人，娃哈哈集团集团主要经营瓶装水、软饮料、茶饮等产品。

He died Sunday morning after "treatment for an illness proved ineffective", the company said in an obituary on its Weibo social media account.

该公司在其微博社交媒体账号上发布讣告称，宗庆后“因病医治无效”于周日上午逝世。

A memorial service for Zong will be held on Wednesday at the company's offices in the eastern city of Hangzhou, the statement said.

讣告中提到，定于周三在该公司位于东部城市杭州的办公地点举行追思会。

State media reported this week that Zong was receiving hospital treatment but gave no details of his illness.

官方媒体本周报道称，宗庆后正在医院接受治疗，但没有透露具体病情。

Zong only went into business in his 40s, selling soft drinks to children and reportedly being so short of cash that he slept under a bridge in Beijing because he could not afford a hotel.

宗庆后在40多岁时才开始经商，以售卖儿童软饮料起家。据报道，由于手头拮据，住不起旅馆，他曾睡在北京的一座桥下。

He established Wahaha in 1987 and built it into a beverage giant whose drinks are a fixture in shops and kiosks across China.

他于1987年创立了娃哈哈，并将其打造成一家饮料巨头，其饮料在中国各地的商店和小卖部里都有销售。

In 2010, Zong was listed by Forbes magazine as China's richest person with a fortune worth $8 billion.

2010年，宗庆后被《福布斯》（Forbes）杂志列为中国首富，身家达80亿美元。

Its estimate last year put him in 53^rd place nationally with a net worth of $5.9 billion.

据去年的估计，宗庆后以59亿美元的净资产排名全国第53位。

The tycoon previously voiced support for lowering taxes as a strategy for boosting investment, telling reporters in 2013 that China's growing wealth inequality was not a problem.

这位企业家曾公开表示支持降低税收以刺激投资，并在2013年向记者表示，中国日益加剧的财富不平等不是问题。

"If we had egalitarianism... we wouldn't have enough to eat," said Zong at the time. "It's best to encourage people to create wealth."

宗庆后当时表示：“如果我们奉行平均主义……大家都要过苦日子。最为理想的方式是激励人们去创造财富。”

In recent years, Wahaha -- whose name means "Laughing Child" in Chinese -- has branched out into various other sectors including baby milk and clothing.

近年来，娃哈哈——其名字在中文中的意思是“笑的孩子”——已涉足婴幼儿奶粉和服装等多个领域。

In 2021, Zong took a step back from frontline work, appointing his daughter Zong Fuli as Wahaha's vice-chairperson and general manager.

2021年，宗庆后退出一线工作，任命女儿宗馥莉担任娃哈哈集团副董事长兼总经理。

20240226出成绩了，

How to cope with disappointment if you didn't get the results you wanted

From: The Independent

Those who did not receive the outcome they hoped for could be feeling disappointed, disheartened and unsure of what the future holds.

未能如愿以偿的人可能会感到失望、沮丧，不知道未来会怎样。

We asked some experts about the steps you can take to deal with difficult feelings if today didn't go as planned.

我们请教了一些专家，如果今天的结果不尽如人意，你可以采取哪些措施来应对这些情绪。

Acknowledge your emotions 承认自己的情绪

Not receiving the grades you wanted can throw up a number of overwhelming negative emotions such as shame, disappointment, embarrassment and anger.

成绩不尽如人意会让人产生许多难以承受的负面情绪，如羞愧、失望、尴尬和愤怒。

These can be heightened by seeing the joy of others who were offered a place at their university of choice.

如果看到其他人被心仪大学录取的喜悦，这些负面情绪就会更加强烈。

Caroline Le Vine, a counsellor and psychotherapist from Somerset, says it's important to acknowledge any feeling, no matter how negative because “being honest about your real feelings will allow you to move through them”.

来自萨默塞特郡（Somerset）的咨询师兼心理治疗师卡洛琳·勒瓦恩（Caroline Le Vine）表示，承认任何感受都很重要，无论有多消极，因为“坦诚地面对自己的真实感受会让你度过难关”。

“If you can't say them out loud to someone like a friend, parent, or a trusted teacher, write them down – all of them, even the ones you're ashamed of or feel you can't justify,” she says.

她说：“如果你不能向朋友、父母或值得信赖的老师等人大声说出这些感受，那就写下来——所有的感受，即使是那些你感到羞愧或觉得无法解释的感受。”

Be kind to yourself 善待自己

When faced with disappointment, it can be easy to look for something or someone to blame, and that blame can sometimes turn inwards. It's important to not let this define how you think about yourself.

当面对失望时，很容易找到指责的对象，而这种指责有时会转向自己。重要的是，不要让这种情绪影响你对自己的看法。

“If you feel like you are a failure, challenge that idea. You may not have got the grades you wanted and, so, in that sense, you have failed to achieve your goal. This does not mean you are a failure,” Le Vine says.

勒瓦恩说：“如果你觉得自己是个失败者，那就要质疑这种想法。你可能没有取得理想的成绩，所以，从这个意义上说，是没有实现你的目标。这并不意味着你是个失败者。”

To counter these negative thoughts, it can be helpful to remember your past achievements and reaffirm your belief in yourself.

为了克服这些消极思想，回顾以往的成就并加强自我信念可能会有所帮助。

“Bring some of your focus to the things you've done well and to the qualities in yourself that you value - are you kind to people? Are you a good listener? Make a list of what you like about you,” she says.

“把你的注意力集中到你做得好的事情上，以及你在自己身上看重的品质上——你对人友善吗？你善于倾听吗？列出你喜欢自己的哪些方面，”她说。

This can also help put a disappointing situation into perspective, she says.

她说，这也有助于正确看待失望情境。

Practice mindfulness 练习正念

Once you've acknowledged the emotions that come with disappointment, it's best to distract your mind with an activity you normally enjoy.

一旦你认识到失望带来的情绪，最好是用你平时喜欢的活动来分散注意力。

“You'll likely feel right now that nothing is enjoyable or has much meaning. Doesn't matter; do it anyway. And while you're doing it, notice as much as you can about what you're doing and drink in the detail,” Le Vine says.

“你现在可能会觉得没有什么事情能带给你乐趣或意义。没关系，无论如何都要去做。在做的过程中，尽可能多地关注你正在做的事情，并沉浸在细节中，”勒瓦恩说。

This mindfulness will both reduce anxiety about the future and will help you think clearly about your next steps.

这种正念练习既能减少对未来的焦虑，又能帮助你清晰地思考下一步。

“If you've chosen to take the dog for a walk: notice the detail of where you are – the smells, the sounds, what your dog is interested in.”

“如果你选择带狗去散步：留意你周围的细节——气味、声音，以及你的狗感兴趣的东西。”

Talk it out 说出来

Talking to someone you can trust can help normalise your feelings and help you develop a solution.

与你信任的人交流有助于恢复正常的情绪，并帮助你找到解决方案。

“This helps to open your mind to other avenues and increase your sense of hopefulness,” she says.

她说：“这有助于打开你的思路，增加你的希望感。”

Le Vine advises talking to as many people as possible who may be able to offer guidance or advice on the situation you find yourself in. We recommend speaking to teachers, elder siblings or university students.

勒瓦恩建议，尽可能多地与能够就你所处情况提供指导或建议的人交流。我们建议与老师、哥哥姐姐或大学生交流。

Mind map 绘制思维导图

When faced with a hurdle that looks to disrupt the future we had planned, it can be difficult to get back on track.

面对可能打乱我们预设未来的障碍时，找到重新回到正轨的方法可能会显得尤为困难。

Becca Forshaw, a life and mindset coach highlights that for many professions, there are “many different paths and routes” you can take.

生活和心态教练贝卡·福肖（Becca Forshaw）强调，对于许多职业来说，你可以选择“许多不同的路径和路线”。

She recommends created a mind map of all the possible next steps you could take. “Write down anything that comes to mind, no matter how small the step may seem,” she says.

她建议绘制一张思维导图，列出你接下来可能采取的所有步骤。她说：“无论看起来有多小，把任何浮现在脑海中的想法都写下来。”

A setback like this can also be an opportunity to re-examine if the career path you thought you wanted is right for you, she adds.

她补充说，这样的挫折也可以成为一个机会，让你重新审视你所想要的职业道路是否适合你。

20240227韩国超一万名实习和住院医生辞职

South Korean woman dies as doctors strike continues

From: BBC

South Korea's government has launched an investigation into the death of a woman in her 80s after her ambulance was denied entry to several hospitals due to the ongoing doctors strike.

韩国政府已对一名80多岁女性的死亡展开调查，此前由于韩国医生罢工，其救护车被拒绝进入多家医院。

The patient died in the ambulance after suffering cardiac arrest.

该女性在救护车内因心脏骤停而离世。

About 70% of junior doctors have been on strike for the past week protesting plans to train up more physicians.

过去一周，约70%的实习医生因反对扩招医学生的计划而罢工。

That's put emergency rooms under pressure, with the government alleging doctors have risked public health.

这给急诊室带来了压力，韩国政府指责这些医生危及公众健康。

Paramedics in the city of Daejon on Friday had called around seven hospitals to take the woman, but were turned away due to a lack of staffing and beds.

上周五，大田市（Daejon）的急救人员联系了七家医院以收治该女性，但均因人手不足和床位紧张而遭拒。

She was eventually admitted to a public university hospital 67 minutes after she first called for help, but was pronounced dead on arrival.

她最终在呼救67分钟后被一所公立大学医院收治，但在抵达医院时已被宣布死亡。

On Tuesday, government officials said they would investigate the case, which has been widely reported in South Korean media.

本周二，韩国政府官员表示将对韩国媒体广泛报道的这起案件展开调查。

It is believed to be the first death linked to the doctor strikes, where interns and residents are protesting government plans to add more doctors due to competition fears.

据信，这是第一起与韩国医生罢工有关的死亡事件，实习医生和住院医师因担心竞争而反对政府扩招计划。

Emergency rooms have been under significant pressure with low staffing levels. Surgeries have been postponed and patients have had to be transferred to other hospitals, local media report.

急诊室人手不足，压力巨大。据当地媒体报道，手术不得不推迟，病人不得不转到其他医院接受治疗。

More than 9,000 doctors have refused to come into work, while about 10,000 have submitted resignations at hundreds of hospitals across the country.

在韩国数百家医院中，9000多名医生拒绝上班，约10000名医生递交了辞呈。

Interns and residents make up rank and file staffing in emergency wards so their absence has been widely felt, with hospitals having to operate on contingency settings, officials say. The country last week put the healthcare system at the highest crisis level.

韩国官员们说，实习医生和住院医师是急诊室的主要工作力量，他们的缺席在医院造成了显著的影响，医院不得不采取应急措施。上周，韩国将医疗系统的危机级别提升至最高级。

On Tuesday, the government threatened to execute statutory powers to strip doctors of their practicing licences if they didn't return by the end of the month.

本周二，韩国政府威胁称，如果医生们在本月底前不返岗，将行使法定权力，吊销其执业资格。

President Yoon Suk-yeol has refused doctor demands to scrap his policy of increasing the number of graduates by 60%, saying the country needs to address its shortage of physicians as it faces the challenges of a rapidly ageing population.

韩国总统尹锡悦（Yoon Suk-yeol）拒绝了医生们要求取消其扩招60%的政策，他表示，韩国在面临人口迅速老龄化的挑战时需要解决医生短缺的问题。

South Korea has one of the lowest doctor-per-patient ratios among the group of OECD countries - only 2.5 per 1,000 people - and significant shortages in critical practices such as obstetrics and paediatrics.

在经济合作与发展组织（OECD）国家中，韩国是医患比例最低的国家之一，每千人仅有2.5名医生，产科和儿科等关键科室医生严重短缺。

Successive governments have tried to open up medical school placements - but have consistently come up against stiff opposition from doctor groups.

韩国历届政府都曾试图增加医学院招生名额，但一直遭到医生群体的强烈反对。

Public health experts say that doctors are acting out of their own commercial interests.

公共卫生专家表示，医生们的行为是出于自身的商业利益。

As South Korea's healthcare system is highly privatised - with more than 90% of hospitals fee-paying - the medical profession is reluctant to open up to more competition and potential losses in income.

由于韩国医疗系统高度私有化，90%以上的医院都是收费的，因此医疗行业不愿意面对更多的竞争和潜在的收入损失。

"But there's no way South Korean people should endure inconveniences just to fulfil the doctors' interest," Prof Jeong Hyoung-sun, a professor of health administration at Yonsei University said.

延世大学（Yonsei University）卫生管理学教授郑亨善（Jeong Hyoung-sun，音译）说：“但韩国人民不可能为了满足医生的利益而忍受不便。”

20240228苹果取消造车计划

Apple Ends Quest to Build its Own Electric Vehicle

From: The Wall Street Journal

Apple has put an end to its decadelong push to build its own electric vehicle, an effort once seen as having the potential to transform the auto industry.

苹果公司（Apple）结束了长达10年之久的打造自家电动汽车的努力，这一努力曾被视为有可能改变汽车行业。

That transformation, which has been under way for years without Apple, continuously increased the level of difficulty Apple faced as it spent billions trying to catch or exceed the capabilities made available during a revolution led by Tesla.

汽车行业电动化转型已进行了多年，苹果公司没有参与其中，尽管该公司已花费数十亿美元试图赶上或超过特斯拉（Tesla Motors）领导的变革所带来的生产能力，但其面临的困难不断增加。

The secret group inside the iPhone giant—known internally as Project Titan—has been informed that Apple would be shutting down its efforts in building a car while the company ramps up investments in the area of generative artificial intelligence, a person familiar with the situation said.

一位知情人士说，这家iPhone巨头内部的秘密团队（在公司内部被称为泰坦计划（Project Titan））已被告知，苹果将停止造车工作，同时会加大在生成式人工智能（AI）领域的投资。

Some of the employees inside the group will be shifting to Apple's AI group, while other employees working on car hardware will likely face layoffs. Bloomberg News earlier reported the plans.

该团队内部部分员工将转到苹果的AI集团，而其他从事汽车硬件研发的员工可能面临裁员。彭博新闻（Bloomberg News）稍早报道了这一计划。

Since the mid-2010s, the specter of Apple introducing a car had rattled auto executives. Cars were becoming computers on wheels, with updateable features and large touch screens—morphing into a sort of device that seemed to play right into Apple's strengths.

自2015年前后以来，苹果公司推出汽车的魔咒就一直困扰着汽车行业的高管们。汽车正成为装在车轮上的电脑，具有可更新的功能和大尺寸触摸屏，逐渐演变成一种似乎苹果正好能发挥优势的设备。

“Apple had such an aura of being able to create really innovative, easy-to-use stuff,” said Phil Abram, a former General Motors executive who ran the company's infotainment division before retiring in 2017. “There was a view that if they ever did put out a car, that would be tough to compete with.”

“苹果公司有一种能够创造出真正创新、易于使用的东西的光环，”通用汽车（General Motors）前高管、在2017年退休前担任该公司信息娱乐部门负责人的Phil Abram说，“有一种观点认为，如果苹果公司真的推出汽车，那将很难与之竞争。”

Still, an Apple vehicle was seen as a distant threat, he said, “because everybody knew how hard it was to build cars.”

尽管如此，外界认为苹果汽车的威胁还很遥远，他说，“因为大家都知道造车有多难。”

Even outside of its car project, Apple's products have had a far-reaching impact on the car business. Automakers for years had struggled to refine multimedia systems and other in-car technology. As Apple's iPhone and iPad surged in popularity, car brands tried to get their touch screens to have the look and functionality of an iPhone.

即使在汽车项目之外，苹果的产品也对汽车行业产生了深远影响。多年来，汽车制造商一直苦于改进多媒体系统和其他车载技术。随着苹果公司iPhone和iPad大受欢迎，汽车品牌纷纷试图让自己的触摸屏拥有iPhone的外观和功能。

Eventually, automakers invited Apple inside with their CarPlay feature, an app that allows users to project their phone on the car's center display. CarPlay now comes installed on more than 90% of model-year 2023 vehicles sold in the U.S., according to research firm Wards Intelligence.

最终，汽车制造商通过CarPlay将苹果请进了车内，这是一款允许用户将手机投射到汽车中央显示屏上的应用程序。根据研究公司Wards Intelligence的数据，目前在美国销售的2023年款汽车中，90%以上都安装了CarPlay。

As Apple's car project progressed, the company's goals around autonomous driving capabilities wavered. When the effort kicked off around 2014, the company imagined a fully autonomous vehicle. Over time, Apple scaled back those ambitions to semiautonomous, where the vehicle automates only some parts of the driving.

随着苹果公司汽车项目的推进，该公司围绕自动驾驶能力的目标也在不断摇摆。在2014年前后启动该项目时，苹果公司设想的是一款完全自动驾驶的汽车。随着时间的推移，该公司将这些雄心壮志缩减为半自动驾驶，即车辆仅实现部分自动驾驶。

With these strategic changes, leadership was also in near constant flux. Doug Field, a former Tesla executive, led the project between 2018 and 2021 before departing for Ford Motor. Kevin Lynch, who previously was responsible for the Apple Watch, had been leading Titan up until its cancellation.

随着这些战略变化，领导层也几乎在不断变化。特斯拉（Tesla）前高管Doug Field在2018年至2021年间领导了该项目，随后离职去了福特（Ford）。此前负责Apple Watch的Kevin Lynch后来一直领导泰坦项目，直到该项目取消。

“Apple canceling this project is a sigh of relief for us,” said Dan Morgan, a senior portfolio manager at Apple shareholder Synovus Trust. “When you looked at Apple's future initiatives, the car project was always the most far-fetched for Apple. This just isn't in their wheelhouse.”

“苹果公司取消这个项目让我们松了一口气，”苹果股东Synovus Trust的高级基金经理Dan Morgan说。“当你审视苹果的未来计划时，汽车项目对该公司来说总是最牵强的。这不在他们的能力范围之内。”

20240229今天是四年一遇的日子

What is a leap day? All about Feb. 29, on the calendar every 4 years.

From: The Wall Street Journal

If you look at your calendar this week, you will see an unusual date: Feb. 29. That's because 2024 is what's known as a leap year — and while those in the Northern Hemisphere might not be thrilled to learn they'll have to face an extra day of winter, there's actually an important scientific reason leap years exist. Here's what to know.

如果你翻看本周的日历，你会发现一个不同寻常的日子：2月29日。这是因为2024年是所谓的闰年——尽管北半球的人们可能不太高兴，因为他们将不得不面对多一天的冬日，但实际上闰年的存在有其重要的科学依据。以下是关于闰年你需要了解的知识。

What is a leap year? 什么是闰年？

A leap year takes place roughly every four years, when an extra day is added to the Gregorian calendar, making the total duration of that year 366, not 365, days. The extra day is added at the end of the month of February. Feb. 29 is known as leap day.

闰年大约每四年发生一次，格列高利历（公历）上会多出一天，使该年的总天数从365天变为366天。多出来的一天是在2月底。2月29日被称为闰日。

How are leap days celebrated? 闰日有何庆祝方式？

It's not an official holiday in the United States. But in parts of the world, leap days are not treated as regular ol' days: In Ireland, for example, women are encouraged to propose to their partners on leap days, flipping traditional gender roles. In parts of China, children give their parents gifts. In some countries, leap days are popular days for weddings.

在美国，闰日并非法定节假日。但在世界上的部分地区，人们以特殊的方式庆祝着闰日：例如，在爱尔兰，人们鼓励女性在闰日向伴侣求婚，颠覆了传统的性别角色。在中国的部分地区，孩子们会给父母送礼物。在一些国家，闰日成为举行婚礼的热门日子。

Fun fact: Some other major events that occur every four years — like the U.S. presidential elections and the Summer Olympics — also typically take place during leap years.

有趣的是，一些其他每四年举行一次的重大活动——例如美国总统选举和夏季奥运会——也通常在闰年进行。

Why do leap years exist? 为什么会有闰年?

Leap years happen because of a “mismatch between the calendar year and Earth's orbit,” according to NASA. While we think of one year as lasting 365 days, it actually takes a little longer — approximately 365 days and 6 hours — for the Earth to orbit the sun. That extra quarter of a day has to go somewhere, so around every four years, we add 24 hours — or four times six hours — to the calendar.

根据美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的说法，闰年的出现是因为“日历年和地球轨道不匹配”。虽然我们认为一年的时间是365天，但实际上地球绕太阳运行的时间更长一些，大约为365天零6小时。这多出来的四分之一天总得有个去处，所以大约每四年，我们就会在日历上增加24个小时，即4乘以6个小时。

As The Washington Post reported, leap days are what keep our seasons and our calendars in sync — which, in turn, makes it possible for farmers to grow crops and for humans to celebrate religious and other holidays around the same time each year. Shauna Edson, an astronomy educator at the National Air and Space Museum, previously told The Post that without them, our calendars would be ahead of the Earth's orbit by a day every four years, amounting to 24 days each century. This means that, slowly but surely, our seasons and solstices would occur at vastly different times than we are used to. “At first, we might not notice,” Edson said. “But there eventually would be a time that we'd be celebrating the Fourth of July and it'd be snowing.”

如《华盛顿邮报》（The Washington Post）所述，闰日使我们的季节与日历保持同步，这反过来又使农民能在每年相同的时间种植作物，人们能在每年相同的时间庆祝宗教节日和其他节日。美国国家航空航天博物馆（National Air and Space Museum）天文教育家肖娜·埃德森（Shauna Edson）曾对《华盛顿邮报》表示，如果没有闰日，我们的日历每四年就会比地球绕太阳的运行时间快1天，每个世纪快24天。这就意味着，我们的季节和至日将，慢慢地且必然，与我们习惯的时间大相径庭。“一开始，我们可能不会注意到，”埃德森说。“但总有一天我们会在庆祝7月4日美国独立日时，天却下起了雪。”

Who came up with leap day? 谁发明了闰日？

According to the National Geographic, the mismatch between human calendars and the orbit of the Earth and the sun caused “chaos” for centuries, leading ancient societies in Egypt and China, and later the Roman Empire, to come up with workarounds. But nothing quite worked — until Pope Gregory XIII implemented the Gregorian calendar and its leap-year system.

据《国家地理》（National Geographic）报道，人类历法与地球及太阳公转周期不匹配的问题，几个世纪以来一直引起“混乱”，促使古埃及、中国古代社会，以及后来的罗马帝国试图找到解决方案。但直到教宗格列高利十三世（Pope Gregory XIII）引入了格列高利历及其闰年制度，这一问题才得到了真正的解决。

Not everyone uses the Gregorian calendar, and some cultures have come up with different ways to account for the extra time it takes the Earth to orbit the sun. The Hebrew calendar, for example, has an extra month on certain years within a 19-year period, to ensure that religious holidays align with solar seasons.

并非所有人都采用格列高利历，有些文化想出了不同的方法来计算地球绕太阳运行所需的额外时间。例如，希伯来历在19年一个周期内的某些年份会增加一个月份，以确保宗教节日与阳历季节保持一致。

What happens if you were born on a leap day? 如果你出生在闰日会怎么样?

If you were born on a leap day, fear not — you do not enter a magical time-warp, and you still get to celebrate your birthday each year. “Leaplings,” as babies born on Feb. 29 are sometimes known, can simply choose to celebrate their birthday on March 1 on non-leap years. If that's you, happy (slightly late) birthday!

如果你出生在闰日，不用担心——你不会进入任何魔幻的时空隧道，你仍然可以每年庆祝自己的生日。2月29日出生的婴儿有时被称为“闰儿”，他们可以选择在非闰年的3月1日庆祝生日。如果你是这样的人，祝你（稍微迟了一点的）生日快乐！

20240301世卫组织：全球八分之一人口患肥胖症

More than a billion people worldwide are obese, research finds

From: The Guardian

More than 1 billion people worldwide are now living with obesity, with rates among children increasing fourfold across a 32-year period, according to new research.

最新研究显示，目前全球有超过10亿人患有肥胖症，其中儿童肥胖率在32年间增长了四倍。

Analysis of the weight and height measurements of over 220 million people from more than 190 countries shows how body mass index (BMI) changed across the world between 1990 and 2022.

通过分析来自190多个国家超过2.2亿人的体重和身高测量数据，研究揭示了1990年至2022年间全球身体质量指数（BMI）的变化趋势。

Approximately 1,500 researchers contributed to the study by the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO). Published in the Lancet, it found that over the period obesity rates increased fourfold among children, and doubled among adults.

大约1500名研究人员参与了这项由非传染性疾病风险控制协作组织（NCD-RisC）与世界卫生组织（WHO）共同完成的研究，研究成果发表在《柳叶刀》杂志上。研究显示，在1990年至2022年期间，儿童的肥胖率增加了四倍，成年人的肥胖率翻了一番。

For girls worldwide, the obesity rate increased from 1.7% of the world's population in 1990, to 6.9% in 2022. For boys, the increase was from 2.1% to 9.3% over the same time period.

从全球范围来看，女孩的肥胖率从1990年的1.7%上升至2022年的6.9%；男孩的肥胖率从2.1%上升至9.3%。

Obesity is defined in adults as having a BMI greater or equal to 30kg/m2.

成人肥胖的定义是BMI大于或等于30kg/m2。

For women, obesity rates worldwide increased from 8.8% to 18.5%, and for men 4.8% to 14% across the same period. At the same time, rates of people who are underweight fell for both children and adults, meaning that obesity is the most common form of malnutrition across many countries worldwide.

同期，全球女性肥胖率从8.8%上升到18.5%，男性肥胖率从4.8%上升到14%。与此同时，儿童和成年人体重不足的比例都有所下降，这意味着肥胖是全球许多国家最常见的营养不良形式。

The proportion of the world's children and adolescents who were underweight fell by around one-fifth in girls and more than one-third in boys, while the proportion of the world's adults who were affected by being underweight more than halved over the same period.

全球儿童和青少年中体重不足的女孩比例下降了约五分之一，男孩下降了三分之一以上，而同期全球成年人中体重不足的比例下降了一半以上。

In total, 880 million adults and 159 million children were living with obesity in 2022. Tonga, American Samoa, and Nauru were the nations with the highest obesity rate at over 60%.

2022年，全球共有8.8亿成年人和1.59亿儿童患有肥胖症。汤加、美属萨摩亚和瑙鲁是肥胖率最高的国家，超过60%。

The UK ranked 87^th highest in the world for obesity rates for women, and 55^th highest for men.

英国女性肥胖率排名世界第87位，男性肥胖率排名世界第55位。

In China, the obesity rate increased from 2.0% in 1990 to 7.8% in 2022 for women and 0.8% to 8.9% in 2022 for men. The prevalence of obesity in China ranked 11^th lowest (190^th highest) in the world for women and 52^nd lowest (149^th highest) in the world for men in 2022.

中国女性肥胖率从1990年的2.0%上升到2022年的7.8%，男性肥胖率从0.8%上升到2022年的8.9%。2022年，中国女性肥胖率在全球排名倒数第11位（第190位），男性肥胖率在全球排名倒数第52位（第149位）。

Prof Majid Ezzati, senior author of the study, said it was “very concerning” the epidemic of obesity that was evident among adults in much of the world in 1990 is now mirrored in school-age children and adolescents.

该研究的资深作者马吉德·埃扎蒂教授（Prof Majid Ezzati）表示，1990年在全球大多数地区成人中普遍存在的肥胖问题，如今在学龄儿童和青少年中也出现了，这“非常令人担忧”。

He said: “At the same time, hundreds of millions are still affected by undernutrition, particularly in some of the poorest parts of the world. To successfully tackle both forms of malnutrition it is vital we significantly improve the availability and affordability of healthy, nutritious foods.”

他说：“与此同时，仍有数亿人受到营养不良问题的影响，特别是在世界上一些最贫穷的地区。要成功解决这两种形式的营养不良问题，我们必须大幅提高健康营养食品的可获得性和可负担性。”

Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the director general of the WHO, said: “Getting back on track to meet the global targets for curbing obesity will take the work of governments and communities, supported by evidence-based policies from WHO and national public health agencies.

世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞博士（Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus）表示：“要想重新回到控制肥胖的全球目标上来，需要各国政府和社区的努力，并得到世界卫生组织和国家公共卫生机构循证政策的支持。”

“Importantly, it requires the cooperation of the private sector, which must be accountable for the health impacts of their products.”

“重要的是，这需要私营部门的合作，它们必须对其产品的健康影响负责。”

Prof Simon Kenny, NHS England's national clinical director for children and young people, said: “These figures will be as alarming to parents as they are to the NHS.

英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）儿童与青少年全国临床主任西蒙·肯尼教授（Prof Simon Kenny）说：“这些数据对于父母和国家医疗服务体系来说都是令人担忧。”

“Obesity affects every human organ system, and so at a young age can have a major impact on a child's life, increasing their risk of type 2 diabetes, cancer, mental health issues and many other illnesses, which can lead to shorter and unhappier lives.”

“肥胖会影响人体的每一个器官系统，因此年幼时肥胖就会对其一生产生重大影响，增加罹患2型糖尿病、癌症、心理健康问题和许多其他疾病的风险，从而导致寿命更短、更不快乐。”

20240302姚安娜的演技，你觉得怎么样？

A Child of China’s Gilded Elite Strikes a Nerve Over Wealth and Privilege

From: The New York Times

Annabel Yao is a fresh-faced college graduate with big dreams. She wants to be an entertainer and is putting in the work to make it happen.

年轻的姚安娜是一名有远大梦想的大学毕业生。她想当艺人，并正在努力实现这一目标。

She is also a member of China’s rarefied elite, the youngest daughter of the billionaire founder and chairman of the telecommunications giant Huawei.

姚安娜也是中国为数不多的精英阶层的一员，是电信设备巨头华为的亿万富翁创始人兼董事长的小女儿。

When Ms. Yao, 23, launched a highly polished publicity blitz last week — including a 17-minute “making of” documentary, a magazine cover and a music video — the response was savage.

当23岁的姚安娜上周发起了一场精心策划的宣传攻势，包括一部题为《破格公主》的17分钟纪录片、登上一本杂志的封面、发布首支单曲后，得到的反应却是激烈抨击。

Ms. Yao’s tone — opining about her social status, her struggles, her up-by-the-bootstrap pluck — seemed to strike a nerve in the country.

姚安娜在视频中谈到对自己社会地位的看法，谈到自己的努力和自食其力的勇气，她的语气似乎触动了国人的神经。

The blitz ignited outrage online about privilege and decorum.

这场宣传攻势在网上激起了人们对特权和不知羞耻的愤怒。

She was ridiculed as self-indulgent, insincere and insensitive. At one point in the documentary about her professional journey, she asks why her older half sister seemed more likable to the public.

人们嘲笑她任性、虚伪、麻木不仁。在关于自己如何走上这条职业道路的纪录片中，姚安娜问道，为什么她同父异母的姐姐似乎更受公众喜爱。

“People work for the capitalists during the day and have to be forced to watch their ugly children at night,” one person wrote on Weibo, the social media site, where Ms. Yao posted her music video. The song, sung in a mix of Chinese and English, is called “Backfire.”

“白天给资本家打工，晚上给资本家的女儿打投，”有人在社交媒体网站新浪微博上写道。姚安娜用中英文混合演唱的歌曲《Backfire》也发在这个平台上。

Ms. Yao, the daughter from Mr. Ren’s second marriage, unquestionably grew up in privilege, perhaps more than her older half-siblings.

姚安娜来自任正非的第二段婚姻，无疑在特权的环境下长大，也许比她同父异母的姐姐和哥哥享有的更多。

In an interview in 2019, her tycoon father described his admiration for her demanding schedule with studies and ballet lessons — as many as 15 hours a week in middle school. “They have high demands on themselves,” he said of his children.

在2019年的一次采访中，姚安娜的大亨父亲表露了对女儿的赞赏，说女儿上中学时，在繁重的学业之外，每周还要上15个小时的芭蕾舞课。“他们自己对自己的要求很高，”他提到子女时说。

Ms. Yao, who graduated from Harvard seven months ago, studied computer science and danced with the Harvard Ballet Company. In the documentary, she said she “kept trying different things” after feeling lost following graduation before devoting herself to this career path. She has since signed with TH Entertainment, a promotion company based in Beijing.

姚安娜是七个月前从哈佛大学毕业的，主修计算机科学，曾在哈佛大学芭蕾舞团跳舞。她在出道纪录片中说，毕业后“不断尝试”，在投身这条职业道路之前曾感到迷茫。她说，后来与北京的天浩盛世娱乐公司签了约。

Her media blitz was timed with her 23^rd birthday, which was last Thursday, and has already landed her a fashion shoot in the Chinese edition of Harper’s Bazaar, a cover of OK and an appearance in an advertisement for Great Wall Motors.

姚安娜的媒体攻势始于上周四她23岁生日那天。她已经登上了《时尚芭莎》中文版的封面、《OK》杂志的封面，还出现在了长城汽车的广告中。

Ms. Yao seemed to anticipate a backlash because of her background. “I have some questions about the word princess,” she says at one point in the documentary, which includes vignettes of dance and voice lessons, gym workouts and meetings about developing her brand. “People on the internet might call me a princess or something, but will it cause some negative emotions if I call myself a princess?”

由于自己的背景，姚安娜似乎预料到了会出现强烈抵制。“我对‘公主’这个词有些疑问，”她在出道纪录片中这样说，纪录片中穿插着舞蹈课、声乐课、健身训练，以及与打造品牌有关的会议。“可能说网上的人会叫我说什么公主之类的，但如果我自己管自己叫公主，会不会就是产生一些负面的情绪？”

20240303为什么面包店宁可扔掉也不打折

Here's how much food Walmart throws away over 12 days

From: CBC NEWS

Doughnuts and pastries. Bags of bright, plump oranges. It sounds like a shopping list, but it was all in Walmart's garbage.

甜甜圈和糕点。一袋袋鲜亮、饱满的橙子。听起来像是一张购物清单，但这些都是沃尔玛垃圾桶里的垃圾。

CBC's Marketplace went through trash bins at two Walmart stores near Toronto to see how much food the company throws away.

加拿大广播公司（CBC）的《市场》（Marketplace）栏目对多伦多附近两家沃尔玛超市的垃圾桶进行了调查，以了解沃尔玛究竟丢弃了多少食物。

Over the course of more than 12 visits to the stores, Marketplace staff repeatedly found produce, baked goods, frozen foods, meat and dairy products. Most of the food was still in its packaging, rather than separated for composting.

在对这两家超市超过12次的走访过程中，《市场》栏目工作人员多次发现了农产品、烘焙食品、冷冻食品、肉类和乳制品。大多数食品仍未拆封，而没有分开来进行堆肥化处理。

In a statement, Walmart said it believes the food Marketplace found was unsafe for consumption.

沃尔玛在一份声明中表示，沃尔玛认为《市场》栏目所发现的食品不能安全食用。

In many cases, however, the food was well before its best-before date and appeared to be fresh. Or, if it needed refrigeration or freezing, the food found was still cold.

然而，在很多情况下，食物的保质期尚未到来，且看上去依旧新鲜。或者，如果是需要冷藏或冷冻的食物，在垃圾桶里发现时仍然是冰的。

Ali-Zain Mevawala says he threw out a shopping cart full of produce every day when he managed a Walmart produce and bakery department.

阿里·赞·梅瓦瓦拉（Ali-Zain Mevawala）说，他以前在沃尔玛农产品和烘焙部门工作时，每天都会扔掉一推车的农产品。

"I really felt bad because I know a lot of people in the city or in this country, even in this whole world, they don't even get to eat proper food."

“我真的感到非常难过，因为我知道在这个城市、这个国家，乃至整个世界，有很多人甚至吃不上像样的食物。”

Food waste is a worldwide issue. In Canada, a study from Value Chain Management International says across sectors, including at the farm, during processing, in retail stores, restaurants and in homes, $31 billion worth of food is wasted each year.

食物浪费是一个全球性问题。在加拿大，国际价值链管理公司（Value Chain Management International）的一项研究表明，包括农场、加工过程、零售店、餐馆和家庭在内的各个环节，每年浪费的食物价值达310亿加元。

Retailers are responsible for about 10 per cent of that waste, according to the 2014 study.

根据2014年的研究，零售商的浪费约占10%。

One of the report's authors says retailers are just doing what buyers expect.

该研究的一位作者表示，零售商只是做了买家所期望的事情。

"Much of that waste is usually us not willing to buy products that have a blemish in them," says Martin Gooch, CEO of Value Chain Management International.

国际价值链管理公司首席执行官马丁·古奇（Martin Gooch）说：“大多数浪费都是因为我们不愿意购买有瑕疵的产品。”

There are challenges in donating food, including location.

捐赠食物也面临一些挑战，包括地点问题。

He adds that retailers are working to address in-store processes and training so waste is reduced.

他补充说，零售商正在努力解决店内流程和培训问题，以减少浪费。

Despite laws preventing companies that donate food from being prosecuted if someone gets sick, a key challenge is public opinion, should something happen, says Gooch.

古奇说，尽管法律规定，如果有人生病，捐赠食物的公司不会受到起诉，但如果发生意外，关键的挑战在于公众舆论。

"Someone who'd gotten sick from a product that was donated, that would create a whole bunch of attention … which a retailer or manufacturer has no way of combating."

“如果有人因捐赠的产品而生病，这会引起大量关注……零售商或制造商根本无法应对。”

Walmart sent a statement that said it has many initiatives to decrease food waste throughout the company, including giving unsold food to food banks.

沃尔玛发表声明称，公司采取了许多措施来减少食物浪费，包括将未售出的食物捐赠给食物赈济处。

"On some occasions, food which has not passed its best-before date is deemed unsafe for consumption," Walmart said in its statement. "As a rule we don't place fresh food items on display for sale if the quality is not acceptable."

“在某些情况下，尽管未过保质期，有些食物也不适合食用，”沃尔玛在声明中说。“一般来说，如果食品的质量不达标，我们不会将其摆放在销售区。”

Mevawala says he was given a different reason for the waste when he worked at Walmart.

梅瓦瓦拉表示，他在沃尔玛工作时，得知了另一个浪费的原因。

"Once I asked my manager, 'Why do we have to just throw it away? Why can't we just, you know, give it away to some people that really need it?'" he says. "And the manager [said], 'If you just give it away to people, then why are they going to buy it from us?'"

“有一次我问我的经理，‘为什么我们非得把它扔掉呢？为什么我们不能把它送给真正需要的人呢？’”他说。“经理回答说，‘如果你把它送给别人，那他们为什么还要来我们这里买呢？’”

20240304“不背单词”受黑客攻击

How to Improve Your Vocabulary and Sound Instantly Smarter

From: Reader's Digest

Have you ever found yourself racking your brain for the perfect word to capture a feeling or event? The English language has one of the highest word counts in the world, with the Oxford English Dictionary estimating that there are some 170,000 words in use. But most of us know only a few thousand of them; that's how we end up searching “How to improve vocabulary” online. The good news is, there are several reliable ways to improve your vocabulary, and even more good reasons to do so.

你是否曾绞尽脑汁地想找到一个完美的词来描述某种感受或事件？英语是世界上词汇量最大的语言之一，据《牛津英语词典》估计，目前使用的单词约有17万个。但我们大多数人只认识其中的几千个；这也解释了为何我们会经常在网上搜索“如何提高词汇量”。好消息是，有几种可靠的方法可以提高你的词汇量，而且其好处更是数不胜数。

Watch movies 看电影

Watching the movie adaptation of your favorite book isn't just a guilty pleasure, it's also a vocabulary booster. “If you see the movie version of your favorite book you're likely to have a deeper understanding and knowledge of the words in it,” says Susan B. Neuman, professor of Childhood and Literacy Education at Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development at New York University. “Seeing and reading something on the same topic is really important.” The phenomenon is called dual coding; you read something, then see it on the screen and end up remembering better because you have a visual representation, she says.

观看你最喜欢的书籍改编电影不仅仅是一种愉悦的体验，也是增加词汇量的好方法。“如果你看了自己喜欢的书籍改编电影，你很可能会对其中的词汇有更深的理解和认识，”纽约大学斯坦哈特文化、教育与人类发展学院儿童和识字教育教授苏珊·纽曼（Susan B. Neuman）说。“观看和阅读同一主题的内容非常重要。”这种现象被称为双重编码；她说，当你阅读后再通过屏幕观看，由于拥有了视觉呈现，你能更好地记住相应内容。

Read magazines 阅读杂志

If you want to improve vocabulary, don't just flip through your favorite magazine, really read it. That means don't only look at the pictures or skim product roundups; pay attention to the articles and photo captions. According to the Johnson O'Connor Research Foundation, magazines on topics you're interested in, like sports, interior decorating or health, are filled with words you probably don't think to use in your daily conversations. When you read the next issue, keep an eye out for the words you learned the month before; chances are, you'll remember what they mean this time.

如果你想提高词汇量，不要只是翻阅你最喜欢的杂志，而是要认真阅读。这意味着不要只看图片或浏览产品综述；而要关注文章和图片说明。约翰逊·奥康纳研究基金会（Johnson O'Connor Research Foundation）指出，你感兴趣的话题（如体育、室内装潢或健康）的杂志中，充满了你在日常对话中可能想不到的词汇。当阅读下一期杂志时，请留意你上个月学到的单词；很有可能，这次你就会记住它们的含义了。

Listen to how words sound 听单词发音

Many people won't remember tricky words unless they come across them frequently. But if you hear a word that you think sounds interesting, you become word conscious and start using it yourself, says Neuman. Try sprinkling these fancy words that make you sound smarter into a conversation.

纽曼说，除非经常遇到，否则很多人记不住那些难记的单词。但是如果你听到一个觉得听起来很有趣的单词，你就会留意这个单词，并开始自己使用它。尝试在对话中加入这些能让你显得更有趣的高级词汇。

Get out of the house 走出家门

“Going places and having new experiences are great ways to build new knowledge,” says Neuman. “Go to a museum or take advantage of other opportunities where you live. When you open your eyes to new experiences and people, you also get new words.” That's way better than searching “how to improve vocabulary” online.

纽曼说：“探索新地方、体验新事物是积累新知识的好方法。去博物馆，或者利用你所在地的其他机会。当你敞开眼界感受新体验和人物时，你也会学到新单词。”这比在网上搜索“如何提高词汇量”好多了。

Listen to the radio 收听广播

Spend your commute listening to talk radio or podcasts instead of zoning out. Those types of programs can expose you to topics (and subsequently words) you may not be familiar with.

利用通勤时间收听广播谈话节目或播客，而不要茫然发呆。这类节目可以让你接触到你可能不熟悉的话题（以及相应词汇）。

Pay attention to your surroundings 关注周围环境

Next time you walk down a busy street or take a walk in the park, try to describe what you're seeing as descriptively as possible inside your head. This tactic can expose gaps in your vocabulary and provide an opportunity to fill them.

下次当你走在繁忙的街道上或在公园散步时，试着在脑海中尽可能详细地描述你所看到的。这种方法可以暴露出你词汇上的不足，并为你提供弥补的机会。

Read, read, read 阅读，阅读，再阅读

Try to make a little time each day to read. “Reading on a regular basis is tied to improved cognitive functioning throughout life, because you're always learning,” says Neuman. Even if you don't stop to look up every single foreign word, chances are you can improve your vocabulary simply by figuring out their meaning based on the context they're used in or by coming across them again down the line; that's just one of the benefits of reading.

试着每天花点时间阅读。“定期阅读与改善终身认知功能息息相关，因为你一直在学习，”纽曼说。即使你不停下来查找每一个生僻词，你也有可能通过它们所使用的上下文推断它们的含义或者后文再次遇到它们，来提高你的词汇量；这只是阅读的众多好处之一。

20240308鸟山明去世

Akira Toriyama, creator of Dragon Ball manga series, dies aged 68

From: The Guardian

Akira Toriyama, the influential Japanese manga artist who created the Dragon Ball series, has died at the age of 68.

《龙珠》（Dragon Ball）连载漫画作者、影响深远的日本漫画家鸟山明（Akira Toriyama）去世，享年68岁。

He died on 1 March from an acute subdural haematoma. The news was confirmed by Bird Studio, the manga company that Toriyama founded in 1983.

3月1日，鸟山明因急性硬膜下血肿（acute subdural hematoma）去世。鸟山于1983年创立的漫画公司鸟山工作室（Bird Studio）证实了这一消息。

“It's our deep regret that he still had several works in the middle of creation with great enthusiasm,” the studio wrote in a statement. “Also, he would have many more things to achieve.”

“我们深感遗憾的是，他仍有几部作品正在以极大的热情创作中，”鸟山工作室在声明中写道。“而且，他还有很多事情要做。”

The studio remembered his “unique world of creation”.

工作室缅怀他“独特的创作世界”。

“He has left many manga titles and works of art to this world,” the statement read. “Thanks to the support of so many people around the world, he has been able to continue his creative activities for over 45 years.”

“他为这个世界留下了许多漫画作品和艺术作品。”声明中写道。“在全世界众多人的支持下，他得以继续从事创作活动超过45年。”

Toriyama was born in Nagoya, Japan in 1955. After drawing throughout his childhood, he decided to forgo tertiary education and, after high school, began to work at an advertising agency where he designed posters.

鸟山于1955年出生于日本名古屋（Nagoya）。童年时期一直在画画的他决定放弃高等教育，高中毕业后开始在一家广告公司工作，设计海报。

His first brush with the manga industry came at age 23, when he entered a piece into a contest run by a weekly manga magazine. It didn't work out – but he soon began sending in drawings to a different publication: Weekly Shōnen Jump.

23岁时，他参加了一本漫画周刊举办的比赛，这是他第一次接触漫画行业。虽然没有成功，但他很快就开始向另一本杂志《周刊少年Jump》投稿。

In 1978, that magazine ran Toriyama's first published work, titled Wonder Island. Both Wonder Island and its sequel, Wonder Island 2 – which referenced the screen culture of the time, including Dirty Harry and sci-fi franchise Ultraman – were unpopular among readers.

1978年，该杂志刊登了鸟山明的第一部公开作品《奇异岛》（Wonder Island）。《奇异岛》及其续作《奇异岛2》——借鉴了当时的银幕文化，包括《肮脏的哈里》（Dirty Harry）和科幻片《奥特曼》（Ultraman）——在读者中并不受欢迎。

Undeterred, he kept drawing and in 1980 produced a breakout hit: Dr Slump, a comedy about a robot girl and her trials and travails as she interacts with the world around her.

但他没有气馁，继续画画，并在1980年创作了一部爆款作品《阿拉蕾》（Dr Slump），这是一部喜剧，讲述了一个机器人女孩在与周围世界互动的过程中经历的种种磨难。

Serialised in Weekly Shōnen Jump until 1984, it ended up earning him one of Japan's highest manga honours – a Shogakukan manga award. An anime adaptation soon began airing on television, and Toriyama founded Bird Studio off the back of his early success.

这部作品在《周刊少年Jump》上连载至1984年，最终为他赢得了日本漫画界最高荣誉之一——小学馆漫画奖。动画改编版很快开始在电视上播出，鸟山明凭借早期的成功创立了鸟山工作室。

In 1982, he married fellow manga artist Yoshimi Katō, with whom he would have two children. He kept his personal life mostly private – and often used a cyborg avatar called Robotoriyama to represent himself.

1982年，鸟山明与同为漫画家的加藤由美（Yoshimi Katō）结婚，育有两个孩子。他的个人生活大多不公开，经常使用一个名为Robotoriyama的机器人形象来代表自己。

In 1984, Toriyama created Dragon Ball, the property that would bring him international recognition and make him one of Japan's highest-selling manga authors.

1984年，鸟山明创作了《龙珠》，这部作品为他带来了国际知名度，使他成为日本最畅销的漫画家之一。

Based on an earlier work titled Dragon Boy, Dragon Ball was serialised in 519 chapters in Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1984 to 1995 and birthed a blockbuster franchise including an English-language comic book series, five distinct television adaptation – with Dragon Ball Z the most familiar to western audiences – and spin-offs, over 20 different films and a vast array of video games.

基于早期作品《骑龙少年》，《龙珠》于1984年至1995年在《周刊少年Jump》上连载了519话，并催生了包括英文漫画系列、五部不同的电视动画改编作品（其中西方观众最熟悉的是《龙珠Z》）、以及20多部不同的电影和大量电子游戏在内一系列衍生作品。

The series – a kung fu take on the shōnen (or young adult) manga genre – drew from Chinese action films as well as Japanese folklore. It introduced audiences to the now-instantly familiar Son Goku – a young martial arts trainee searching for seven magical orbs that will summon a mystical dragon – as well as his ragtag gang of allies and enemies.

《龙珠》是一部以功夫为题材的少年漫画，取材于中国动作片以及日本的民间传说。它让观众认识了现在已耳熟能详的孙悟空——一个年轻的武术学徒，正在寻找七颗能召唤神龙的龙珠——以及他的一帮盟友和敌人。

After the conclusion of Dragon Ball's initial run in 1995, Toriyama continued consulting on and promoting the franchise, as well as working on much shorter projects, sometimes outside the world of manga. He also contributed his distinctive artwork to the influential video game series Dragon Quest and Chrono Trigger, among others.

《龙珠》初始连载于1995年结束后，鸟山明继续为该系列提供指导和推广工作，同时也参与了一些时间更短的项目，有时甚至是与漫画无关的项目。他还为极具影响力的电子游戏系列《勇者斗恶龙》（Dragon Quest）和《时空之轮》（Chrono Trigger）等贡献了自己独特的艺术作品。

Drawing from his lifelong love of automobiles, he designed an electric car that was released by Japan's CQ motors in 2005 – what he later called “a very emotional journey”.

他利用自己毕生对汽车的热爱，设计了一款电动汽车，并于2005年由日本CQ汽车公司发布，他后来称这是一次“非常激动人心的旅程”。

20240309锦瑟无端五十弦是你的谎言

Reincarnation of Treasured Instrument

From: The New York Times

This was a sound no musician should have to suffer: the destruction of her longtime instrument. In Wu Man’s case, in June, it was a loud crack, heard from her seat as a flight attendant, trying to stow her pipa in a coat closet up front, dropped it, breaking its neck.

亲耳听着陪伴自己多年的乐器被摧毁——没有任何音乐家应当承受这种痛苦。今年6月，吴蛮就经历了这样的事，她坐在自己的位子上，一个空服人员想把她的琵琶堆到上面的衣物存储箱内，一个失手，琵琶摔在地上，折断了琴颈，发出破裂的巨响。

The pipa is a Chinese lute of ancient origin, with four plucked strings and a pear-shaped body, played upright in the lap. Its back consists of a single heavy piece of wood, exquisitely curved from a rounded bottom to a tapering neck.

琵琶是一种类似鲁特琴的中国古乐器，琴身呈梨形，有四根拨弦，放在膝上弹奏。琴身后部用一块厚重的木板制成，圆形的底部到细细的琴颈形成一条精美的弧线。

With that neck broken clean off the body, Ms. Wu’s instrument of 17 years, valued at some $50,000 and uninsured, was deemed irreparable. But thanks to US Airways, whose employee inflicted the damage, Ms. Wu has a new pipa, made in Beijing by the same master who had made her old one.

吴蛮这把琴用了17年，价值5万美元，未上保险，这一下把琴颈彻底摔掉了，肯定无法修理。造成这一损害事故的是全美航空公司的职员，公司赔偿了吴蛮一把新琵琶，由制作她原来那把琵琶的大师在北京制作。

She will display it proudly in Hartford on Friday and Saturday evenings, when she performs Lou Harrison’s Concerto for Pipa With String Orchestra in the season-opening concerts of the Hartford Symphony Orchestra. Ms. Wu has done more than perhaps anyone else to popularize the instrument in the West, with her performances and recordings of both Western and Chinese traditional music and her work with the cellist Yo-Yo Ma’s Silk Road Project.

周五和周六晚，作为本音乐季的开场演出之一，吴蛮将在哈特福德与哈特福德交响乐团合作，演奏卢·哈里森（Lou Harrison）作曲的“琵琶与管弦乐协奏曲”，届时她将自豪地使用这把乐器。在将琵琶向西方推广的过程中，吴蛮所做的贡献也比任何人都大，她的演出和录音中既有西方曲目，也有中国传统曲目，还参与了大提琴家马友友的“丝绸之路”项目。

“It’s a story that started with anger and has a happy ending,” Ms. Wu said this week in New York.

“这是个转嗔为喜的故事，”本周吴女士在纽约说。

The June accident occurred as she was boarding a flight from Philadelphia to New Haven to join the Kronos Quartet in a concert at the International Festival of Arts and Ideas. Unable to fit the pipa in an overhead bin, she started to strap it into an empty seat next to her, as she had often done before.

6月的事故发生在从费城到纽黑文的航班上，她将在那里与克罗诺斯四重奏（Kronos Quartet）合作，在国际艺术与创意节（International Festival of Arts and Ideas）上演出。她的琵琶在头顶的行李厢放不下，只能放在身边的空座位上，她以前一贯都是这样做的。

“The flight attendant was in a bad mood,” Ms. Wu said. The attendant instructed her to remain in her seat and took the instrument to the front with fateful results.

“那个空乘人员脾气很差，”吴蛮说，那人让她不要站起来，然后把她的乐器放了上去，于是造成了致命后果。

“That instrument was quite special to me,” Ms. Wu said. “I made my whole career with her. I call her ‘her.’ ”

“那件乐器对我来说非同寻常，”吴蛮说，“我的整个演奏生涯都是和她一起缔造的，我用‘她’来称呼之。”

She left the plane but eventually made her way to New Haven, where she played on an instrument borrowed by the festival from a pipa teacher who lived an hour and a half away. Lacking a concert-quality backup instrument, Ms. Wu has had to borrow instruments from others in recent months.

她下机后最终还是赶往纽黑文，从一个家住一个半小时车程之外的琵琶教师那里借来了一把琵琶，在艺术节上演出。因为没有满足音乐会演出品质的后备琵琶，几个月来，吴蛮都得从别人那里借琴演出。

When asked why she didn’t have a hard carrying case for the pipa of the type commonly used for Western instruments, Ms. Wu said that good ones simply don’t exist, the pipa being so distinctive in shape and not heavily traveled. She is researching ways to manufacture one, she added.

她为什么不用西方乐手常用的那种硬盒子携带琵琶呢？吴蛮说，琵琶的形状太特殊，而且也不经常旅行，适合它的乐器盒根本就不存在。她补充说，目前她已经在设法定制了。

Similarly, when asked why the pipa wasn’t insured, she said that insurance was not readily available for an instrument that Western companies know so little about and don’t know how to value. She’s doing research there, too.

还有，她的琵琶为什么不上保险呢？她回答说西方公司对这种乐器知之甚少，不知如何估价，因此没有这个险种。目前她也已经在研究这个问题了。

Her subsequent dealings with US Airways were “quite a pleasant experience,” she said. “I talked to the airline people every week.” With help from friends but using no lawyer, she reached a settlement covering the full cost of the instrument, and the company flew her to China twice to consult with the maker on finishing touches.

她说，她与全美航空公司的后续交涉是“相当愉快的经历”，“我每周都要和航空公司的人交流”。没请律师，在朋友们的帮助下，她达成一份协议，公司全价赔偿她的乐器，并提供两次她飞往中国的机票，与制琴者研究琴的润色细节。

The terms of the settlement prevent her from revealing the cost, but she said that new instruments, varying widely in quality, can run from $15,000 to $150,000. A spokesman for the airline confirmed the details of the settlement.

协议条款规定她不得透露赔偿金额，但她说，新乐器质量差别相当大，价格可以在1.5万美元到15万美元不等。航空公司的发言人也确认了协议细节。

The new pipa is a beauty to look at, with a back of aged rosewood, a face of sycamore and frets made of bamboo. It is also a beauty to hear in Ms. Wu’s hands, though she senses the need for some seasoning of the instrument and some adjusting of her own.

新的琵琶外形美观，琴背以老红木制成，琴面用桐木打造，品格是用竹子制成。吴蛮用它弹出的音乐也十分美妙，但她觉得这件乐器还需要磨合，她自己也需要一些调整。

“It’s comfortable,” she said. “It definitely has potential, but it will take a couple of years to get my own music out of it.” Clearly, she relishes the challenge.

“弹起来很舒服，”她说，“它的确很有潜力，但要过几年才能在上面真正弹出我自己的音乐。”显然她喜欢这个挑战。

20240310巴黎奥运会，时间定了！

Paris 2024: Olympic Opening Ceremony capacity slashed in half to ensure security

From: CNN

On 26 July 2024, the largest-ever Olympic Games Opening Ceremony will take place. Paris 2024 has now revealed the start time for the ceremony, with the event beginning at 7.30 p.m. CET.

有史以来规模最大的奥运会开幕式将于2024年7月26日举行。2024年巴黎奥运会现已公布了开幕式具体开始时间，将于欧洲中部时间晚上7:30开始。

Attendance capacity at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games’ Opening Ceremony – the first to be held along a river – will be halved due to security reasons, French Interior Minister Gérald Darmanin said Tuesday in an interview with French broadcaster France 2.

法国内政部长杰拉德·达尔马南（Gérald Darmanin）周二在接受法国广播公司法国电视二台（France 2）采访时表示，由于安全原因，2024年巴黎奥运会开幕式——这也是首次沿河举行的开幕式——的观众人数将减半。

The minister said there was no specific terrorist threat targeting the Olympic and Paralympic Games in Paris.

达尔马南表示，目前并没有针对巴黎奥运会和残奥会的具体恐怖主义威胁。

Some 104,000 people in stands will line Paris’ Seine river, with a further 220,000 on raised roadways along the six kilometer (nearly four miles) stretch of the river that will host the ceremony, Darmanin said.

达尔马南表示，约有10.4万人将在巴黎塞纳河畔的看台上观看，另有约22万人将在河流沿线长达六公里（近四英里）的高架路边看台上观看。

French officials had boasted for years that some 600,000 people would be able to attend the Opening Ceremony.

法国官员多年来一直宣称，届时将有约60万人能够参加开幕式。

Hosting the ceremony outside a traditional stadium was central to the organizers’ vision of a more inclusive Olympic Games. However, the current attendance will still be equivalent to four times the capacity of the Stade de France, the country’s main stadium, the minister said.

在传统体育场外举办开幕式是组织者打造更具包容性的奥运会愿景的核心。然而，达尔马南表示，目前的观众人数仍将相当于法国主体育场法兰西体育场容量的四倍。

An “anti-terrorist security perimeter” will be put in place in the days leading up to the Opening Ceremony around the Seine, with public access limited, he added.

他补充说，在开幕式前几天，将在塞纳河周围设置“反恐安全警戒线”，限制公众进入。

Airspace around Paris will also be closed for five hours – from 7 p.m. local time in Paris (1 p.m. ET) – on the evening of the Opening Ceremony to prevent any disruption to the event, Darmanin added.

达尔马南补充说，开幕式当晚，巴黎周围领空也将从当地时间晚上7点（美国东部时间下午1点）起关闭5个小时，以防止开幕式期间受到任何干扰。

The minister said that there would be a “very significant” anti-drone protocol in place, with French law enforcement having helped with similar measures at the Qatar World Cup.

达尔马南表示，法国将制定一项“非常重要”的反无人机协议，法国执法部门曾在卡塔尔世界杯期间协助采取过类似措施。

20240311石头姐二封奥斯卡影后

Emma Stone nabs her second lead actress Oscar for 'Poor Things'

From: CNN

Emma Stone on Sunday was awarded the best actress Academy Award for her portrayal of Bella Baxter in “Poor Things.”

周日，艾玛·斯通（Emma Stone）凭借在《可怜的东西》（Poor Things）中饰演贝拉·巴克斯特（Bella Baxter）而获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖。

“The women in this category… I share this with you,” Stone said, through tears, during her acceptance speech. “I'm in awe of you and it has been such an honor to do all this together.”

“此奖项中的女性们……我要与你们共同分享这份荣耀，”艾玛·斯通流着泪发表获奖感言，“我对你们满怀敬意，能与诸位同行，对我而言是无上的荣幸。”

She also thanked the film's director Yorgos Lanthimos and the rest of the cast and crew, nodding to the effort they collectively put in to create the film. Stone also hilariously noted that the back of her gown was “broken,” which she said she thinks happened during Ryan Gosling's performance of “I'm Just Ken.”

她还感谢了电影导演欧格斯·兰斯莫斯（Yorgos Lanthimos）和其他演职人员，对于他们共同倾注的心血以造就这部作品表示感谢。艾玛·斯通还开玩笑地说，她的礼服背部“破了”，她说她认为是在瑞恩·高斯林（Ryan Gosling）表演《I'm Just Ken》时破的。

With a hoarse voice, Stone also gave a sweet shoutout to her daughter at the end of her speech, who she said was about to turn three.

带着沙哑的嗓音，她在致辞的尾声向她即将迎来三岁生日的女儿送上了深情的问候。

Right after her award, the evening's host Jimmy Kimmel came back out on stage and cracked an “Envelopegate” joke, a nod to the best picture envelope mixup between “La La Land” and “Moonlight” at the 2017 Oscars.

她的颁奖结束后，当晚主持人吉米·坎摩尔（Jimmy Kimmel）回到舞台上，巧妙地以“信封门”笑话，回应了2017年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上《爱乐之城》（La La Land）和《月光男孩》（Moonlight）最佳影片奖信封混淆事件。

This is Stone's second Oscar for best actress in a leading role, after first winning the award in 2017 for “La La Land.”

这是艾玛·斯通继2017年凭借《爱乐之城》首次获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖后，第二次获得此奖项。

Jennifer Lawrence, Michelle Yeoh, Sally Field, Charlize Theron and Jessica Lange – all previous best lead actress Oscar winners – appeared on stage to present the award, each delivering a poignant speech about one of the current nominees before Yeoh named Stone as the winner.

詹妮弗·劳伦斯（Jennifer Lawrence）、杨紫琼（Michelle Yeoh）、莎莉·菲尔德（Sally Field）、查理兹·塞隆（Charlize Theron）和杰西卡·兰格（Jessica Lange）都曾获得过奥斯卡最佳女主角奖，她们共同登台颁奖，各自发表了关于本届提名者之一的感人演讲，随后由杨紫琼宣布艾玛·斯通获得此奖项。

When the stunned star got to the stage she hugged Lawrence, who is also her friend, as the pair were visibly tearing up.

当感到惊讶的艾玛·斯通走上舞台时，她与朋友劳伦斯拥抱在一起，两人显然都饱含热泪。

In “Poor Things,” Stone plays a child-like woman who is reanimated by a mad professor-type using the brain of her unborn child. The bizarre and outlandish film was nominated for 11 Oscars total this year, including best picture, best supporting actor for Mark Ruffalo, best director for Lanthimos, adapted screenplay, cinematography and production design. The movie ended up taking home four awards total.

在《可怜的东西》中，艾玛·斯通饰演一个像孩子一样的女子，她被一个疯狂的教授用未出生孩子的大脑复活了。这部离奇怪异的影片共获得今年奥斯卡奖11项提名，包括最佳影片、马克·鲁法洛的最佳男配角、兰斯莫斯的最佳导演、改编剧本、摄影和制作设计。该影片最终共获得四项大奖。

Stone and Lanthimos have previously collaborated in the director's Oscar-winning 2018 film “The Favourite,” as well as a 2022 short film.

艾玛·斯通和兰斯莫斯之前曾在2018年奥斯卡获奖影片《宠儿》（The Favourite）以及2022年的短片中合作过。

In the 2024 lead actress category, Stone was up against Lily Gladstone for “Killers of the Flower Moon,” Annette Bening for “Nyad,” Sandra Hüller for “Anatomy of a Fall” and Carey Mulligan for “Maestro.”

在2024年最佳女主角奖项的角逐中，与艾玛·斯通竞争的有《花月杀手》（Killers of the Flower Moon）中的莉莉·格莱斯顿（Lily Gladstone）、《奈德》（Nyad）中的安妮特·贝宁（Annette Bening）、《坠落的审判》中的桑德拉·惠勒（Sandra Hüller）和《音乐大师》（Maestro）中的凯瑞·穆里根（Carey Mulligan）。

20240312 2024考研国家线公布了

Students need to know bad grades aren't the end of the world

From: The Guardian, 13 Aug 2016

We've all been there. The sleepless night before the big day. The jittery journey to school. The faces of parents keen to hear the news. The sound of celebration and sniffling echoing around the hall.

我们都有过这样的经历。在那个重大日子来临前夜辗转反侧，前往学校途中忐忑不安，目睹着家长急切期待成绩的神情，以及庆祝与哽咽的声音在大厅中回荡。

Many students will have worked hard and been rewarded, and nothing should detract from their achievements. But let's talk about the ones who are disappointed.

无数学子经过辛勤学习终获丰硕成果，这些成就绝不应忽视。然而，让我们来关注那些感到失落的学生们。

If we have given the impression, consciously or otherwise, that these exams will make or break their lives, then we will have created sense of failure in these young people. Add a load of friends proudly posting their dazzling results on social media, and you have a potentially toxic mix. But they shouldn't despair. Here's why.

如果我们有意无意地传递这样一种信息：这些考试将决定他们的一生，那么我们就会让这些年轻人产生挫败感。再加上一大堆朋友在社交媒体上自豪地发布亮眼的成绩，则进一步强化了这种压力。但他们无需感到绝望，原因如下。

First, I have marked GCSE and A-level exams. Whoever marked it may well have marked dozens that day and in all likelihood will themselves have been under pressure to get through as many as they could as the deadline loomed. For them it was just another paper they had to mark before they could have dinner or go to bed. A low mark is not a personal slight.

首先，我曾参与过GCSE和A级考试的阅卷工作。不管是谁阅卷，当天都可能批改了数十份试卷，而且很有可能他们自己也承受着压力，在截止日期临近时尽可能多地批改试卷。对他们来说，这不过是在吃晚饭或睡觉前必须批改的另一份试卷而已。低分并不意味着对个人的不认可。

Second, the reliability of marking is seriously questionable. The scale of the operation is massive. It's a fact of life that some of them get it wrong. The exam boards do what they can to mitigate against this, but it's an uphill battle. But above that, what do exams actually test anyway? Memory, certainly. They test time management. They test elements of competence in individual subjects. But, ultimately, they really test how good a person is at sitting exams – and this is even more true with the demise of coursework from many areas of the curriculum.

其次，阅卷的可靠性令人严重怀疑。阅卷规模庞大，出错在所难免。尽管考试委员会会尽力减少出错，但依旧很难杜绝。但除此之外，考试到底考什么呢？当然是记忆力。考的是时间管理。考的是特定科目中的某些能力。但归根结底，考试真正考的是一个人的应试能力——随着课程作业在许多学科中被淘汰，这一点变得尤为显著。

They are infinitely less effective at testing passion, inspiration and potential. And I've yet to come across an exam that can assess honesty, loyalty or sense of humour.

考试在评估激情、灵感和潜力方面的效能极为有限。我还没有遇到过一种可以评估诚实、忠诚或幽默感的考试。

I think about my students: the girl who was so nervous that she could hardly speak before giving a presentation but who persevered and nailed it. I think of the boy who put his hand up unprompted to say that he had really enjoyed it. I think of the girl who waited behind after nearly every lesson to clarify or expand on the points raised.

我想起了我的学生们：那个在演讲前紧张得几乎说不出话的女孩，但她坚持了下来，并成功地完成了演讲。我想到了那个主动举手说他真的很喜欢这门课的男孩。以及那位课后总是留下来，希望更深入讨论和扩展课堂内容的女孩。

Academic glory might not be on the cards for them, but I have no worries whatsoever about them carving their places in the world. They have qualities that will stand them in good stead in whichever line of work they choose to pursue.

他们或许无法在学业上赢得荣耀，但我对他们在这个世界上找到自己的一席之地充满信心。他们所拥有的品质，将使他们在未来选择的任何职业道路上都能够昂首阔步。

And if all that sounds a little airy-fairy, it's worth stating that, while I can't deny that academic results can open doors to certain careers, it's certainly not the case that they are the only route to fulfilment and prosperity. Just look at the recent finding in Australia that plumbers and electricians earn up to twice as much as lawyers.

如果这一切听起来似乎太过理想化，那么值得一提的是，虽然我不否认学业成绩可以打开通往某些职业的大门，但这绝非通往成就和成功的唯一途径。正如最近澳大利亚的一项调查所显示，水管工和电工的收入是律师的两倍。

So good luck with results day. But let's all of us, teachers, parents and students, whether things go our way or not, remember that there is far more to life.

因此，愿你在出成绩时好运。但无论结果如何，让我们所有人，包括教师、家长和学生，都应该铭记，人生还有更重要的东西。

20240313韩网评奥斯卡歧视亚裔

Hollywood Stars Caught in Racism Controversy at the Oscars

From: Kpopmap

This article has been written by Kpopmap AI. While we have made efforts to ensure the accuracy of the article, there may be errors or inaccuracies.

本文由Kpopmap AI撰写。我们已尽力确保文章的准确性，但仍可能存在错误或不准确之处。

In a glittering night that crowned new victors at the 96^th Academy Awards, Hollywood stars Robert Downey Jr. and Emma Stone emerged triumphant, clinching the Best Supporting Actor and Best Actress awards, respectively.

在光彩夺目的第96届奥斯卡颁奖夜，好莱坞巨星小罗伯特·唐尼（Robert Downey Jr.）和艾玛·斯通（Emma Stone）分别荣获最佳男配角奖和最佳女主角奖。

Held at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles on March 10^th, the ceremony celebrated the finest in cinema, with Downey Jr. being honored for his role in 'Oppenheimer' and Stone for her performance in 'Poor Things'. Yet, beneath the surface of these accolades, a wave of criticism has risen, highlighting a disturbing instance of racial insensitivity that has sparked widespread debate.

这场于3月10日在洛杉矶杜比剧院（Dolby Theatre）举行的颁奖盛典，旨在表彰电影艺术的卓越成就。小罗伯特·唐尼凭借在《奥本海默》（Oppenheimer）中的角色而获奖，艾玛·斯通则凭借在《可怜的东西》（Poor Things）中的出色表演获此殊荣。然而，在这些荣誉的光环之下，掀起了一场批评浪潮，其中一个令人不安的种族歧视事件，引发广泛争议。

The controversy centers around the alleged 'Asian passing' by both actors during their moment of triumph, a term referring to the overlooking or ignoring of Asian individuals. Critics argue that this act of disregard was directed towards the presenters of their awards, both of whom were of Asian descent.

争议的焦点是两位演员在领奖时刻所谓的“无视亚裔”行为（指的是对亚裔的忽视或无视）。批评人士认为，这种无视行为是针对颁奖嘉宾的，而这两位颁奖嘉宾都是亚裔。

Last year's winners, Ke Huy Quan and Michelle Yeoh, were tasked with presenting the awards, a tradition that honors previous recipients. However, eyewitness accounts and subsequent social media uproar suggest that Downey Jr. and Stone may have intentionally avoided acknowledging Quan and Yeoh during the ceremony.

去年的获奖者关继威（Ke Huy Quan）和杨紫琼（Michelle Yeoh）负责颁奖，这是向往届获奖者致敬的传统。然而，现场观众的描述和随后社交媒体上的反响表明，小罗伯特·唐尼和艾玛·斯通在颁奖典礼上可能有意回避了对关继威和杨紫琼的致谢。

The incident has ignited a firestorm of criticism online, with netizens accusing both actors of perpetuating racial discrimination. Comments flooded in, questioning why Stone seemingly 'passed' Michelle Yeoh and why Jennifer Lawrence, who was seen giving the trophy to Stone, appeared to bypass Yeoh with little to no interaction. These actions, or lack thereof, have been perceived as a significant slight by many, particularly within the Asian community, leading to disappointment and accusations of racism.

这一事件在网上引发了轩然大波，网友纷纷指责两位演员加剧了种族歧视。大量评论质疑为什么艾玛·斯通似乎与杨紫琼“擦肩而过”，为什么詹妮弗·劳伦斯（Jennifer Lawrence）在将奖杯交给艾玛·斯通时，似乎绕过了杨紫琼，几乎没有任何互动。许多人，尤其是亚裔社区，认为这些行为或者说缺乏互动的行为，是对杨紫琼的严重轻视，引发了公众的失望与种族主义的指责。

This backlash is not just a fleeting moment of online outrage but a reflection of the deeper issues of representation and racial sensitivity within Hollywood. As the entertainment industry strives towards greater inclusivity and diversity, incidents like these serve as stark reminders of the challenges that remain. The reactions from the global community underscore the importance of not only acknowledging these issues but actively working to address and prevent them.

这种反响并不仅仅是网上短暂的愤怒，而是反映了好莱坞内部更深层次的代表性和种族敏感性问题。随着娱乐圈朝着更具包容性、更具多样性发展，这类事件鲜明地提醒着我们仍需面对的挑战。国际社会的反应凸显了不仅要承认这些问题，而且要积极努力解决和预防这些问题的重要性。

As the dust settles on this year's Academy Awards, the conversation sparked by this controversy continues. It serves as a critical point of discussion about how far Hollywood has come and how far it still has to go in overcoming racial biases and ensuring a respectful and inclusive environment for all. The industry's response to this incident, and its actions moving forward, will be closely watched by those who yearn for a cinema that celebrates diversity in all its forms.

随着今年奥斯卡颁奖典礼的落幕，这场争议引发的讨论仍在继续。这场讨论的关键点在于，好莱坞在克服种族偏见、确保人人享有尊重和包容的环境方面已经取得了多大的进步，还有多远的路要走。该行业对这一事件的回应及其今后的行动，将受到那些渴望电影能够以各种形式弘扬多样性的人们的密切关注。

20240314你的生日在圆周率第几位？

It's Pi Day! But Don't Forget About These Other Amazing Numbers

From: Science Alert

March 14 is celebrated as Pi Day because the date, when written as 3/14, matches the start of the decimal expansion 3.14159… the most famous mathematical constant.

3月14日被称为圆周率日，因为这个日期写成3/14时，与最有名的数学常数π展开后的3.14159开头一致。

By itself, pi is simply a number, one among countless others between 3 and 4. What makes it famous is that it's built into every circle you see – circumference equals pi times diameter – not to mention a range of other, unrelated contexts in nature, from the bell curve distribution to general relativity.

π本身只是一个数字，是3到4之间无数个数字中的一个。它之所以有名，是因为它内嵌于你所见到的每一个圆形中——周长等于π乘以直径——更不用说从钟型曲线分布到广义相对论等自然界中一系列其他不相关情境下的应用了。

The true reason to celebrate Pi Day is that mathematics, which is a purely abstract subject, turns out to describe our Universe so well. My book, The Big Bang of Numbers, explores how remarkably hardwired into our reality math is.

庆祝圆周率日的真正原因是，作为一门极其抽象的学科，事实证明数学能很好地刻画我们的宇宙。我的书《数字大爆炸》（The Big Bang of Numbers）探讨了数学是如何与我们的现实紧密联系在一起的。

Perhaps the most striking evidence comes from mathematical constants: those rare numbers, including pi, that break out of the pack by appearing so frequently – and often, unexpectedly – in natural phenomena and related equations, that mathematicians like me exalt them with special names and symbols.

也许最引人注目的证据来自于数学常数：那些罕见的数字，包括圆周率，由于频繁、而且往往出乎意料地出现在自然现象和相关方程中而脱颖而出，以至于数学家们会赋予其特殊的名字和符号来赞美它们。

So, what other mathematical constants are worth celebrating? Here are my proposals to start filling out the rest of the calendar.

那么，还有哪些值得庆祝的数学常数呢？以下是我的提议，可以填补日历上空缺的节日。

The Golden Ratio 黄金比例

For January, I nominate the Golden Ratio, phi. Two quantities are said to be in this ratio if dividing the larger by the smaller quantity gives the same answer as dividing the sum of the two quantities by the larger quantity. Phi equals 1.618…, and since there's no January 61, we could celebrate it on January 6.

对于一月份，我提名黄金比例φ（phi）。如果用较大的量除以较小的量的结果，与用较大的量除以两个量总和的结果相同，那么这两个量就是这个比例。φ等于1.618……，因为1月没有61日，我们可以在1月6日庆祝它。

First calculated by Euclid, this ratio was popularized by Italian mathematician Luca Pacioli, who wrote a book in 1509 extravagantly extolling its aesthetic properties. Supposedly, Leonardo da Vinci, who drew 60 drawings for this book, incorporated it into the dimensions of Mona Lisa's features, a choice some claim is responsible for her beauty.

这一比例最早由欧几里得（Euclid）计算出来，后来由意大利数学家卢卡·帕西奥利（Luca Pacioli）推广开来。帕西奥利在1509年写了一本书，对其美学特性大加赞美。据说，为这本书画了60幅画的达芬奇，在蒙娜丽莎的面部尺寸中引入了这一比例，有人认为这是蒙娜丽莎之美就在于此。

The first inkling that phi occurs in nature came from another Italian, Fibonacci, while studying how rabbits multiply. A common reproductive assumption was that each pair of rabbits begets another pair every month.

另一位意大利人斐波纳契（Fibonacci）在研究兔子繁殖方式时，首次发现黄金比例在自然界中出现。一个常见的繁殖假设是，每对兔子每个月都会生出另一对兔子。

Start with a single rabbit pair, and successive populations will then follow the sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 and so on – that is, get multiplied by a monthly "growth ratio" of 2.

从一对兔子开始，接下来的数量将遵循以下序列：1、2、4、8、16、32、64、128、256……，也就是乘以每月的“增长率”2。

What Fibonacci observed, though, was that rabbits spent the first cycle reaching sexual maturity and only began reproducing after that. A single pair now gives the new, slower progression 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34… instead.

然而，斐波那契观察到的是，兔子在第一个周期达到性成熟后才开始繁殖。从一对兔子开始，如今新的、较慢的增长序列是：1、1、2、3、5、8、13、21、34……

This is the famous sequence named after Fibonacci; notice that each population turns out to be the sum of its two predecessors.

这就是以斐波那契命名的著名数列，注意到每个数都是它前面两个数之和。

The constant 'e' 常数e

February offers another blockbuster constant, Euler's number e, which has the value 2.718…. So mark next February 7 for the shindig.

二月有另一个重磅常数，欧拉数e，其值为2.718……所以下一个2月7日来纪念它吧。

To understand e, consider "doubling" growth again, but now in terms of the "population" of dollars in your bank account. By some miracle, your money in this example is earning you 100 percent interest, compounded each year. Each $1 invested becomes $2 at year's end.

要理解常数e，请再次回顾下“翻倍”增长，但现在要考虑你银行账户中美元的“总量”。在这个例子中，凭借某种神奇力量，你的钱每年会为你赚取100%的利息，每年复利一次。每投资1美元，到年底就变成了2美元。

Suppose, however, the interest is compounded semi-annually. Then 50 percent of the interest is credited midyear, giving you $1.50. You get the remaining 50 percent interest on this $1.50 at the end of the year, which works out to $0.75, giving you $2.25 ($1.50 + $0.75).

然而，假设利息每半年复利一次。然后，50%的利息在年中入账，变成1.5美元。到年底，你会得到这1.5美元剩余的50%利息，相当于0.75美元，最后变成2.25美元（1.5美元+0.75美元）。

So your investment gets multiplied by 2.25, rather than 2.

那么，你的投资额是被乘以2.25，而不是2。

What if a war broke out between banks, each offering to compound the same 100 percent interest over shorter and more frequent intervals? Would the sky be the limit in terms of your payout?

如果银行之间在竞争，每家银行都提供同样的100%复利，但复利的间隔时间更短且更频繁，那么你的收益是否会无限制增长呢？

The answer is no. You could raise your growth ratio from 2 to about 2.718 – more precisely, to e – but no higher. Although you get more frequent credits, they have progressively diminishing returns.

答案是否定的。你可以将增长率从2提高到2.718——更准确地说，是常数e，但不能再高了。尽管你会获得更频繁的收益，但它们的回报逐渐递减。

In the late 17^th century, the discovery of calculus led to a quantum leap in people's ability to grapple with the Universe. Math could now analyze anything that changed – which extended its domain to most phenomena in nature.

17世纪末，微积分的发现使人们探索宇宙的能力有了巨大的飞跃。数学现在可以分析任何变化——这将其领域扩展到自然界的大多数现象。

The constant e is famous because of its iconic role in calculus: It turns out to be the most natural growth factor to track change. Consequently, it shows up in laws describing many natural processes – from population growth to radioactive decay.

常数e因其在微积分中的标志性作用而闻名：事实证明，它是跟踪变化的最自然的增长因子。因此，它出现在在从人口增长到放射性衰变等许多描述自然过程的定律中。

Next on our calendar of mathematical constants would come pi, of course, for March.

当然，在我们的数学常数日历上，接下来就是3月份的π。

My nominee for April is Feigenbaum's constant delta, which equals 4.669… and measures how quickly growth processes spin off into chaos.

四月份，我的提名是费根鲍姆（Feigenbaum）常数delta，等于4.669…衡量增长过程中陷入混沌状态的速度。

I'll wait for my first batch to achieve official holiday status before going any further – happy to consider any candidates you want to nominate.

我准备等我的第一批提名纪念日获批后再继续提名——很乐意考虑你想提名的任何常数。

20240315星舰失联了但已取得巨大进展

SpaceX Starship lost on return to Earth after completing most of test flight

From: Reuters

SpaceX's Starship rocket, designed to eventually send astronauts to the moon and beyond, completed nearly an entire test flight on its third try on Thursday, making it much farther than before with a cruise through low orbit before being destroyed during a return to Earth, the company said.

美国太空探索技术公司（SpaceX）设计的星舰（Starship）火箭，目标是最终将宇航员送往月球及更远宇宙。该火箭在周四的第三次试飞中几乎完成了整个试飞任务，比以往飞得更远，在低轨道上巡航。不过，随后在返回地球的过程中发生了事故。

During a live webcast of the flight, SpaceX commentators said mission control lost communications with the spacecraft during its atmospheric re-entry. The vehicle was nearing a planned splashdown in the Indian Ocean about an hour after launch.

在这次试飞网络直播中，SpaceX的评论员表示，星舰在重返大气层的过程中，与任务控制中心失去了联系。发射约一小时后，该航天器按计划即将在印度洋溅落。

A few minutes later, SpaceX confirmed that the spacecraft had been lost, presumably either burning up or coming apart during re-entry or crashing into the sea.

几分钟后，SpaceX证实该航天器已失联，推测其在重返大气层过程中可能被烧毁或解体，或是坠入大海。

Still, completion of most of the intended hour-plus test flight trajectory of Starship marked a major milestone in the development of a spacecraft crucial to Elon Musk's satellite launch business and NASA's moon program.

尽管如此，星舰完成了预计历时一小时的试飞过程，这是该航天器开发中的一个重大进展，对埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）的卫星发射业务和美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的登月计划具有重要意义。

NASA chief Bill Nelson congratulated SpaceX on what he called "a successful test flight" in a statement posted on the social media platform X.

美国国家航空航天局局长比尔·纳尔逊（Bill Nelson）在社交媒体平台X上发表声明，祝贺SpaceX公司“试飞成功”。

The two-stage spacecraft, consisting of the Starship cruise vessel mounted atop its towering Super Heavy rocket booster, blasted off from the Elon Musk-owned company's Starbase launch site near Boca Chica Village on the south Texas Gulf Coast.

这艘由星舰巡航器和其庞大的超重型火箭助推器组成的两级飞船，从埃隆·马斯克旗下公司公司位于得克萨斯州南部墨西哥湾沿岸博卡奇卡村（Boca Chica Village）附近的星际基地（Starbase）发射场发射升空。

During its flight, Starship reached peak altitudes of 145 miles (234 km), the company said.

该公司称，在飞行过程中，星舰的最高飞行高度达到了145英里（234公里）。

SpaceX engineers had hoped to improve on the Starship's two past performances, which both ended in explosions minutes after launch. However, the company had acknowledged in advance a high probability that its latest flight might similarly end with the spacecraft's destruction before the planned mission profile was finished.

SpaceX公司的工程师们曾希望改善星舰过去两次试飞表现，这两次试飞都在发射几分钟后以爆炸告终。不过，该公司事先承认，星舰最新试飞很有可能同样在计划任务完成前被摧毁而告终。

SpaceX's engineering culture, considered more risk-tolerant than many of the aerospace industry's more established players, is built on a flight-testing strategy that pushes spacecraft to the point of failure, then fine-tunes improvements through frequent repetition.

与许多航空航天业的老牌公司相比，SpaceX公司的工程文化被认为更具风险承受能力，这种文化建立在飞行测试策略的基础上，即通过频繁重复试错来微调改进。

Despite the outcome of Thursday's test, all indications are that Starship remains a considerable distance from becoming fully operational.

尽管周四的试飞取得了一定成果，但所有迹象表明，星舰距离完全投入使用还有相当长的路要走。

Musk, SpaceX's billionaire founder and CEO, has said the rocket should fly hundreds of uncrewed missions before carrying its first humans. Several other ambitious milestones overseen by NASA need to be met before the craft can execute a moon landing with American astronauts.

SpaceX公司的亿万富翁创始人兼首席执行官马斯克曾表示，在搭载第一批人类之前，星舰应该执行数百次无人飞行任务。在运载美国宇航员登月之前，还有许多由NASA负责的关键里程碑需要实现。

Still, Musk is counting on Starship to fulfill his goal of producing a large, multipurpose next-generation spacecraft capable of sending people and cargo to the moon later this decade, and ultimately flying to Mars.

尽管如此，马斯克仍寄希望于星舰能实现其愿景：制造一个大型、多用途的下一代航天器，能够在21世纪20年代后期将人类和货物送上月球，并最终飞往火星。

Closer to home, Musk also sees Starship as eventually replacing the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket as the workhorse in the company's commercial launch business. It already lofts most of the world's satellites and other payloads to low-Earth orbit.

更近期内，马斯克还认为星舰最终将取代SpaceX的猎鹰9号火箭，成为该公司商业发射业务的主力。该火箭已将世界上大部分卫星和其他有效载荷送入近地轨道。

20240316 315曝光多家婚恋平台收割消费者

Dating Apps Thrive in China, but Not Just for Romance

From: The New York Times

The number of dating apps in China with over 1,000 downloads soared to 275 this year from 81 in 2017, according to data.ai, an analytics firm. Downloads of the apps have increased, as have in-app purchases.

据分析公司data.ai，中国下载量千次以上的约会应用程序数量，已从2017年的81个飙升至今年的275个。除下载量外，这些软件的应用内购买也有所增长。

Investors have also poured more than $5.3 billion into dating and social networking companies in the country last year, up from $300 million in 2019, according to PitchBook. And China’s largest tech companies, such as ByteDance and Tencent, are testing, acquiring and investing in new apps that promise to bring strangers together.

据PitchBook的数据，投资者去年向中国的约会应用和社交网络公司投入了超过相当于53亿美元的资金，高于2019年的3亿美元。字节跳动和腾讯等中国最大的技术企业正在测试、收购和投资许诺让陌生人相识的新应用。

For many people, the apps have become virtual sanctuaries — a 21^st-century twist on what urbanists called the “third place,” a community between work and the home — to explore hobbies, discuss popular topics and meet new friends.

对许多用户来说，这些软件已成为虚拟的庇护所，可以说是城市学家所谓的“第三场所”（介于工作和家庭之间的社区）的21世纪变种，让人们可以探索兴趣爱好、讨论热门话题、结识新朋友。

Zhang Lu, the founder of Soul, a dating app backed by Tencent, has said that “loneliness is the core problem we want to solve.”

腾讯投资的交友软件Soul的创始人张璐表示，“孤独感就是我们核心要解决的问题。”

When internet dating arrived in China in the early 2000s, the power to form relationships — once disproportionately in the hands of village matchmakers, parents and factory bosses — increasingly fell onto the individual. Many were eager for the shift, gravitating to features on WeChat, the popular messaging app, which enabled chatting with strangers.

在中国，乡下的媒人、父母，以及工厂老板曾经掌握大量建立亲密关系的权力，自网上交友平台在21世纪初进入中国后，这种控制权更多地落到了个人手中。许多人渴望这种变化，他们聚集在流行的即时通讯应用微信平台上，使用平台让他们与陌生人聊天的功能。

The trend accelerated in the 2010s with the arrival of dating apps like Momo and Tantan, which emulated Tinder. Alongside Soul, they became China’s three most popular dating apps, amassing over 150 million monthly active users in total.

2010年代，随着陌陌、探探等模仿Tinder的约会应用出现，这个趋势加快了。陌陌、探探和Soul一起成了中国最受欢迎的三款约会应用，三者加起来的月活跃用户数已超过了1.5亿。

The apps themselves have changed. Tantan and Momo had long matched users based on their physical appearance, leading to accusations that the platforms cultivated a hookup culture. More recently, these apps have started using people’s interests, hobbies and personalities as the basis for new social encounters.

约会应用本身也发生了变化。探探和陌陌曾在以前很长一段时间里根据用户的外表来匹配他们，导致了人们批评这两个平台培植一种勾搭文化。最近，这些软件开始以人们的兴趣、爱好和性格作为建立新社交的基础。

Douyin, which is owned by ByteDance and is China’s version of TikTok, and Little Red Book, an app with similarities to Instagram, have built “social discovery” features that use their knowledge of people’s preferences to match them. Soul has become especially popular in the past few years for its avatar profiles and its practice of linking users based on personality tests. Last year, the app surpassed Tantan and Momo as the most downloaded dating app on the Chinese iOS store.

字节跳动旗下的抖音以及与Instagram类似的应用小红书都带有“社交发现”功能，这个功能通过平台对用户嗜好的了解来匹配他们。Soul已在过去几年里变得特别受欢迎，因为它有带头像的用户简介、以及基于性格测试结果匹配用户的功能。去年，Soul已成为中国的苹果手机应用商店下载量最高超的约会应用，超过了探探和陌陌。

Many users of these dating apps appear less interested in romance than in meeting friends. In an October survey conducted by a Chinese research institute, 89 percent of respondents said they had used a dating app before, with a majority saying they wanted primarily to expand their social circles, not find a partner.

这些约会应用的许多用户似乎对结识朋友更感兴趣，而不是爱情。在中国一家研究机构去年10月做的调查中，89%的受访者说他们使用过约会应用，其中大多数人表示，他们主要是想扩大社交圈子，而不是寻找伴侣。

20240317凯特王妃到底怎么了

The Royals Tried to Control Their Image Online. The Internet Had Other Ideas.

From: The New York Times

Trace back the digitally altered photograph of Catherine, Princess of Wales, and its roots lie in a tragedy of another Princess of Wales, Diana, whose death in 1997 predated the creation of Facebook by nearly seven years.

威尔士王妃凯瑟琳数码修改照片的根源可以追溯到另一位威尔士王妃戴安娜的悲剧，她于1997年去世，比Facebook的诞生早了近七年。

Diana’s fatal car accident, after a high-speed pursuit by photographers in Paris, left a lasting imprint on her sons, William and Harry. They grew up vowing not to take part in what they viewed as a pathological relationship between the royal family and the press, one in which they were the abused partners.

戴安娜在巴黎被摄影师高速追逐后发生致命车祸，给她的儿子威廉和哈里留下了永久的印记。在他们看来，王室和媒体之间存在病态的关系，他们是这种关系中受虐待的一方，他们从小就发誓绝不参与其中。

The rise of social media gave this younger generation of royals a way to bypass the tabloids they reviled, with popular platforms like Instagram and Twitter, where they could post carefully curated news and images of themselves, unmediated by the London papers or the lurking paparazzi.

社交媒体的兴起为年轻一代的王室成员提供了途径，可以绕过他们所唾弃的小报，他们可以在Instagram和Twitter等流行平台上发布自己精心策划的新闻和照片，同时不受伦敦报纸或潜伏狗仔队的干扰。

But now they are experiencing the darker side of public life in the wild west of the web. Catherine’s photo, posted on social media and picked up by newspapers and broadcasters worldwide, has been swept into the maelstrom of rumors and conspiracy theories that have haunted her since she underwent abdominal surgery and receded from the public eye two months ago.

但现在，他们正在网络的荒蛮世界体验公共生活的阴暗面。凯瑟琳的照片发布在社交媒体上，被世界各地的报纸和广播公司转载，这张照片被卷入了谣言和阴谋论的漩涡，自她接受腹部手术并在两个月前从公众视线中消失以来，这些谣言和阴谋论一直困扰着她。

While William and Harry have struggled with these forces, the pressure has perhaps been most acute on their wives, Catherine and Meghan, who have taken turns being in the eye of an online storm. Meghan spoke recently about the “hateful” treatment she experienced while pregnant with her children.

虽然威廉和哈里一直在与这些力量作斗争，但他们的妻子凯瑟琳和梅根承受的压力可能是最大的，她们轮流处于网络风暴的中心。梅根最近谈到她在怀孕期间经历的“仇恨”对待。

“It must be so hard to deal with this,” said Rasmus Kleis Nielsen, the director of the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism at Oxford University. “It is often women who are subjected to the worst bullying and harassment.”

“处理这种事肯定很难，”牛津大学路透新闻研究所主任拉斯穆斯·克莱因斯·尼尔森说。“遭受最严重霸凌和骚扰的往往是女性。”

Catherine, of course, inadvertently contributed to the hothouse atmosphere by altering the Mother’s Day photo of herself and her three children. That unleashed a fresh storm of online speculation, with people sharing pet theories about how the image had been manipulated, whether by transposing Catherine’s head from a 2016 cover photo in Vogue magazine or recycling a shot of the family taken last November.

当然，凯瑟琳修改她和三个孩子的母亲节照片无意中加剧了这种气氛。这在网上引发了一场新的猜测风暴，人们分享自己最中意的理论，猜测这张照片是如何被修改的，究竟是从2016年《Vogue》杂志的封面照片上拿来了凯瑟琳的头部，还是回收利用了去年11月拍摄的一张家庭照片。

Visual investigators debunked both suggestions, but that didn’t stop the original posts from going viral, with one post promoting the Vogue theory racking up more than 45 million views.

视觉调查人员驳斥了这两种说法，但这并没有阻止最初的帖子的病毒式传播，其中一篇宣称使用了《Vogue》照片的帖子获得了超过4500万的点击量。

Having set out to control her image, Catherine now finds herself in a predicament not unlike some of her royal forebears, dogged by an online pack no less feral than the photographers who chased Diana in Paris.

凯瑟琳努力控制自己的形象，但却陷入了一种和她的一些王室前辈别无二致的困境，网上追逐的狂热程度丝毫不亚于在巴黎追逐戴安娜的摄影师，令她深受其扰。

“Anyone in the royal family or their staffs who thinks that social media allows people to circumvent gatekeepers or control the narrative has not been paying attention to Meghan Markle’s experience,” Professor Nielsen said.

“如果王室成员和他们的工作人员以为社交媒体可以让人绕过把关者，或者控制叙事，那他们肯定没有注意到梅根·马克尔经历了什么，”尼尔森说。

“These are deeply ambiguous spaces,” he said, “in which things that people want are inextricably linked with things that are deeply troubling.”

“这些空间非常模糊，”他说，“在这里，人们想要的东西与令人深感不安的东西密不可分。”

20240318邯郸初中生被杀害案嫌疑人全部抓获

China: Three teenagers detained in Handan over classmate's death

From: BBC

Authorities in the northern Chinese city of Handan have detained three teenage boys over the brutal death of their classmate, local media report.

据当地媒体报道，在中国北方的邯郸市，三名少年因涉嫌残忍杀害同班学生已被抓获。

The case of the 13-year-old boy, identified only by his surname Wang, has sparked anger and furious debate on juvenile crime.

这起涉及13岁男孩王某某的案件引发了人们对青少年犯罪问题的愤怒和热议。

Authorities found his remains buried in an abandoned vegetable garden.

公安机关在一处荒废的菜园里发现了遗体。

The boy was bullied in school, according to his father.

根据男孩父亲的说法，他在学校遭受了霸凌。

Police are investigating the case as an intentional homicide, state-run Global Times said.

官方媒体《环球时报》（Global Times）称，警方正在将此案作为故意杀人案进行调查。

All three detained teens are under 14. Under Chinese law, those above 12 years of age but under 14 can face criminal prosecution only when allowed by the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the country's highest public prosecutor.

三名被抓获的青少年均未满14岁。根据中国法律，只有在最高人民检察院（中国最高检察机关）允许的情况下，12 岁以上、14 岁以下的青少年才可能面临刑事起诉。

The victim and his classmates are "left-behind children", a term used to describe kids in China who live with their grandparents in rural areas while their parents work in the cities.

受害者及其同学都是“留守儿童”，在中国，这个词指的是父母在城市打工，和祖父母住在农村的孩子。

The case has triggered an outpouring of grief on social media, with tens of thousands of posts on Weibo and Douyin over the weekend.

此案在社交媒体上引发了广泛关注，人们悲愤不已，周末期间，微博和抖音上有成千上万的相关帖子。

"The whole country is watching this case, hope the police can be fair and give the victim's family a satisfying answer," one user said in a comment on a post by the victim's father, which got 50,000 likes.

“全国人民都在关注这起案件，希望警方能够公正处理，给受害者家属一个满意的答复，”一名用户在受害者父亲的帖子下评论道，这条评论获得了5万个赞。

Many in the comments said that the suspects should be punished harshly despite their age.

评论区里，许多人呼吁，尽管这些嫌疑人还未成年，但他们应受到严厉的惩处。

The victim went missing in the afternoon of 10 March, his father said in a video on Douyin, China's version of TikTok. The local government said the boy likely died on the same day.

受害者的父亲在抖音（中国版TikTok）上发布的一段视频中说，受害者于3月10日下午失踪。当地政府称，该男孩可能于当天死亡。

"My child was still alive and kicking around 3 p.m. on 10 March... All his money was transferred from his phone at 4:10 p.m. and his phone was turned off," the father said.

“我的孩子3月10日下午3点多还活蹦乱跳，......，下午4点10分手机钱被转空，电话还关机。”这位父亲说。

Before his death, the boy transferred 191 yuan ($17; 拢13) to one of his three classmates, the father told The Beijing News.

父亲告诉《新京报》，男孩死前向他三个同学中的一个转了191元（17美元；13英镑）。

He had been "bullied by (his) three classmates for a long time", said the family's lawyer, Zang Fanqing, in a Weibo post on Monday.

他的律师臧梵清周一在微博中说，他“长期受到（他的）三个同学的欺负”。

Under questioning by authorities, the three led police to the boy's body, after initially denying that they knew where it was buried.

经过审问，三人带领警方找到了男孩的尸体，但起初他们否认知道尸体的下落。

Police are still investigating the motive for the killing, The Beijing News reported.

据《新京报》报道，警方仍在调查杀人动机。

20240319凯特王妃疑术后首次露面

New video shows her happy, healthy with William

From: TMZ

The Kate Middleton sighting that got reported on this week is real after all -- 'cause a new video of her during this outing has surfaced ... and TMZ's got a first look.

本周传出的凯特·米德尔顿（Kate Middleton）现身事件，终于被证实是真实的——因为关于她这次外出的新视频已浮出水面，TMZ为您带来了这一独家视角。

TMZ has obtained a clip that was taken of Kate Saturday while she and Prince William were visiting a business about a mile from their home in Windsor -- known as the Windsor Farm Shop -- where The Sun reported eyewitnesses saw them out and about this past weekend.

TMZ获取到了上周六凯特与威廉王子在温莎的家附近大约一英里处的温莎农场商店购物的视频片段。据《太阳报》报道，上周末有目击者看到了他们外出。

Onlookers felt she looked "happy, relaxed and healthy" as she strolled in the store -- a supermarket of sorts -- and the couple didn't seem to have a care in the world.

目击者称，凯特在商店内（类似于超市）闲逛时显得“开心、轻松且健康”，这对夫妇似乎没有任何负担。

Their three kids weren't with them ... but The Sun also claimed they spent the first part of their Saturday watching the children play sports. At first, there was no real evidence to back up the report ... but now, the first actual visual of her here has surfaced, and it's 100% her.

虽然他们的三个孩子没有同行，但《太阳报》还称，他们周六的前半段时间都在看孩子们运动。起初，这一报道缺乏实质性的证据支持……但现在，我们首次看到了凯特的真实画面，而且毫无疑问确实是她本人。

As you see in this footage, obtained by TMZ, Kate looks relaxed in casual athletic wear ... rocking an all-black look with some pink trimming. Her gait is strong -- a good sign given her purported abdominal surgery. PW is right by her side as they walk out of the Farm Shop with bags in hand.

从TMZ获得的这段视频中可以看到，凯特身穿休闲运动装，一身黑色搭配一些粉色边饰，看起来很放松。她的步伐稳健——考虑到她刚进行了腹部手术，这是一个好迹象。威廉王子就在她身旁，他们手持购物袋从农场商店走出。

Nobody around looks to be bothering them ... and Kate, sure enough, does indeed look pretty cheerful here -- smiling wide and even carrying on a conversation with her husband.

周围的人似乎并未打扰到他们……而且的确，凯特在这里看起来很开心——她笑容满面，甚至还在和丈夫交谈。

One of the eyewitnesses who saw them, Nelson Silva, says ... "I noticed a couple choosing loaves of bread and the woman turned her face and I felt like I had seen the face before. It was familiar. I knew it from somewhere."

目击者尼尔森·席尔瓦（Nelson Silva）说：“我注意到一对夫妇在挑选面包，那位女士转过脸来，我觉得这张脸似曾相识，很熟悉。我觉得我在某个地方见过。”

He adds, "I went to my car and as they came out of the shop I just filmed them. I think they walked out through a gate out of the grounds. They just vanished and I didn't see a car. I just wanted to share with my family footage and show just how normal they were."

他补充说：“我回到我的车里，当他们从商店出来时，我就拍下了他们。我想他们是从大门走出去的。他们随后就消失了，我也没看见车。我只是想和我的家人分享这段视频，告诉家人他们非常正常。”

Silva finishes ... "Kate looked happy and relaxed. They look happy just to be able to go to a shop and mingle. Kate looked relieved like it was a success going to a shop. It felt natural."

席尔瓦最后说：“凯特看起来很开心，很放松。他们能够像普通人一样去商店买东西，看起来很开心。凯特看起来如释重负，好像逛商店很不错，感觉很自然。”

The couple was walking at a relatively brisk pace ... and Kate, on its face, seems to be okay. Frankly, it's as if nothing was ever wrong with her ... although, of course, we know she was in the hospital for a while for a serious procedure that took her out of commission.

两人步伐匆匆……从表面上看，凯特似乎一切正常。坦率地说，她就像什么问题都没有发生过一样……当然，我们知道她因一个重要的手术而住院了一段时间，导致她无法工作。

The exact nature of her ailment was never made clear by Kensington Palace officials.

肯辛顿宫（Kensington Palace）官员从未明确透露过她的具体病情。

BTW, for all the skeptics who might not believe this was taken as it's been relayed to us -- we've delved into the metadata ... and there's no doubt, this was filmed on Saturday right near the Prince and Princess of Wales' home in Windsor. So yes, it's a legitimate video.

顺带一提，想告诉那些可能怀疑这段视频真实性的人——我们已经深入分析了元数据……毫无疑问，这段视频确实是在周六，就在威尔士亲王和王妃温莎的家附近拍摄的。因此，这确实是一段真实的视频。

Like we said, this is the first time we've seen Kate out in public -- outside of a car, that is -- since December -- and now that we're seeing her in the wild, on her own two feet, ya gotta wonder if this will satisfy conspiracy theorists who have taken over TikTok.

就像我们说的，这是自去年12月以来，我们第一次看到凯特出现在公共场合（车外），现在我们亲眼见到她在户外，用自己的双脚走着路，不知这是否能平息在TikTok上疯传的种种阴谋论。

Are you believing your lying eyes?

你会相信你的所见吗？

20240320“你抄起哈利波特精装版砸向我”

Harry Potter's a Dad: 'Accio, Pacifier!'

From: The New York Times

Our family is just home from the bookstore, with multiple copies of “Harry Potter and the Cursed Child” in hand, gamely reading in a new format — the book is the script of the play by the same name, and thus a different reading experience from the seven novels that came before it.

我们一家人刚从书店回到家， 带回好几本《哈利·波特与被诅咒的孩子》（Harry Potter and the Cursed Child）。大伙儿聚精会神读着这本新体裁的书：它是同名舞台剧的剧本，所以阅读体验和前七集小说不一样。

There will be no spoilers here, but the very title makes clear that “The Cursed Child” is a story about parents and children in a way that the original series never was. Harry Potter is a father now, and one question this book will answer is how the Boy Who Lived — when his parents didn't — handles that role.

本文不含剧透，不过标题已经很清楚，《被诅咒的孩子》是一个关于亲子关系的故事，和原系列作品完全不同。哈利·波特现在当爸爸了，而本书要回答的问题是，这个父母双亡的“活下来的男孩”将如何扮演这个角色。

As an orphan, Harry himself could operate free of the burden a parent's fears, love and expectation can place on a person. Now, as a parent, he has to confront it.

孤儿哈利自己不必承受父母的担忧、慈爱和期望加给一个孩子的那种负担。如今他身为人父，得要面对这些问题了。

For readers who started reading these books when the first one came out nearly 20 years ago and grew up with Harry and friends, the scenes that reveal the characters as adults are the ones we've been waiting for. Though the story has serious themes, the sheer fun of returning to the familiar magical world is a delight.

有些读者在20年前第一集小说出版时就开始追这个系列，和哈利还有他的朋友们一同成长。对这些读者来说，呈现人物长大成人后的故事场景，是我们一直期待的。虽然本书主题颇为严肃，但是能够重返我们熟悉的魔法世界，那种单纯的喜悦还是很令人享受。

And there are certainly moments when real-life parents can fantasize about the possibility of a magical assist. Imagine being able to use a spell like “Accio Binky!” to return a dropped pacifier to the sleeping baby, or “Expelliarmus Mobilio!” to expel a mobile phone right out of a teenager's hand.

现实世界中的父母也一定曾在某些时刻幻想过让魔法来相助。要是我们能够使用像是“奶嘴飞来！”的咒语，让掉落的奶嘴回到熟睡的宝宝口中，或是“除你手机！”，让手机从青少年手中飞走，那该有多好。

Molly Brennan, a mother of two attending a book release party on Saturday night at Watchung Booksellers in Montclair, N.J., suggested a spell called Behavioramus. “I would dodge it,” said her son, Logan Brown, 9. “I like my behavior how it is.”

莫莉·布伦南（Molly Brennan）是两个孩子的妈，在周六晚间参加了新泽西州蒙特克莱尔（Montclair）的沃昌书店（Watchung Booksellers）的新书发布会。她提出一个叫做“表现好点儿！（Behavioramus）”的咒语。 “我会躲过这个咒语，”布伦南9岁的儿子洛根·布朗（Logan Brown）说。 “我觉得我的表现很好啊。”

Becky Middleton of Glen Ridge, N.J., who has four children ages 6, 9, 9 and 11, said her spell of choice would be volume control. Rob Fechner of Montclair, the father of two boys ages 7 and 10, asked for a spell “to pause time so I could get stuff done and take a nap.”

新泽西州峰岭区（Glen Ridge）的贝琪·米德尔顿（Becky Middleton）有四个孩子，一个6岁、两个9岁，最大的11岁。她说她想选的是能控制音量的咒语。蒙特克莱尔的罗伯·费区纳（Rob Fechner）有7岁和10岁的两个儿子，他想要的是“可以暂停时间，好让我把事情做完，还能打个盹”的咒语。

It's giving nothing away to say that none of those abilities seem likely to make raising children any simpler for Harry, Ginny, Hermione and Ron. As Julia Miner, a mother of three who lives outside Washington, D.C., said Sunday, when she was up to page 70 of “The Cursed Child,” parenting teenagers has challenges no matter who you are. Magic has never helped much with relationships in the Harry Potter universe, and the fact that wizards face some of the same bitter limits that Muggles do has always been a part of the series' appeal.

哈利、金妮、赫敏、罗恩拥有这些魔法，可是抚养孩子这件事恐怕不会因此变得简单——这么说应该不算剧透。正如三个孩子的母亲茱莉娅·麦纳（Julia Miner）周日所说的：无论你是谁，孩子到了十几岁，做父母的都不容易。她住在华盛顿特区郊外，这本书读到了第70页。在哈利·波特的世界里，魔法从没给人际关系帮上多大的忙。巫师也要面对和麻瓜一样的各种艰难的局限，这也正是这个系列故事吸引人的一部分原因。

But for many parents and children in this universe, the books are conversation–starters that help connect us, engaging us in the same world. Now our conversations can go further.

然而，对我们这个世界里的许多家长和孩子来说，这些书能够开启对话，让我们彼此连结，建立在同一个世界里的交流。现在，我们的对话可以更深入了。

20240321研究称吃精制碳水早餐会降低颜值

People who eat breakfast high in refined carbs rated less attractive, study finds

From: The Guardian

If you want to look your best in the morning, it may be worth swapping the ultra-processed pastries and fruit juice for wholemeal toast and tea without sugar.

如果你渴望在清晨散发出最佳的光彩，不妨把超加工糕点和果汁换成全麦吐司和无糖茶。

Researchers in France found that people who ate a breakfast rich in refined carbohydrates were rated less attractive than those who started the day with healthier unrefined carbs.

法国研究人员发现，与那些以更健康的非精制碳水化合物开始一天生活的人相比，早餐吃富含精制碳水化合物的人在吸引力上评分较低。

Scientists at the University of Montpellier believe the subtle shift in facial attractiveness may be driven by changes in blood sugar and insulin that can affect skin appearance and have longer-term effects on sex hormones.

蒙彼利埃大学的科学家们认为，面部吸引力的微妙变化可能是由血糖和胰岛素的变化引起的，这些变化会影响皮肤外观并对性激素产生长期影响。

“It's surprising to consider but our dietary choices can have rapid effects on our appearance,” said Dr Claire Berticat, an evolutionary biologist and the first author on the study. “These physiological changes could subtly alter facial features, impacting how others perceive attractiveness.”

“我们的饮食选择会迅速影响到我们的外貌，这一点令人惊讶，”这项研究的第一作者、进化生物学家克莱尔·贝尔蒂卡特博士（Dr Claire Berticat）说。“这些生理变化可能会微妙地改变面部特征，进而影响到他人对于吸引力的感知。”

The researchers recruited 52 men and 52 women aged 20 to 30 and randomly assigned them to have a 500-calorie breakfast rich in either refined or unrefined carbohydrates. The refined carbs breakfast included a French baguette made from industrially milled flour, jam, apple or orange juice, and tea or coffee with sugar available. The unrefined carbs meal was stoneground wholemeal bread with butter and cheese, an orange or apple, and tea or coffee without sugar.

研究人员招募了52名男性和52名女性参与者，年龄均在20至30岁之间，并随机分配他们享用富含精制或非精制碳水化合物的500卡路里早餐。精制碳水化合物早餐包括用工业研磨面粉制作的法式长棍面包、果酱、苹果汁或橙汁，以及可加糖的茶或咖啡。非精制碳水化合物早餐则是石磨全麦面包配黄油和奶酪、橙子或苹果，以及不加糖的茶或咖啡。

The scientists measured blood sugar levels of volunteers before and after they ate and then took headshots of the participants under controlled lighting conditions. The photos were then passed to groups of raters to estimate how old, how masculine or feminine and how attractive the individuals looked.

科学家们测量了参与者用餐前后的血糖水平，然后在受控照明条件下拍摄了参与者的大头照。然后将照片交给评分小组，以评估参与者的年龄、性别特征及其吸引力。

Writing in Plos One, the researchers claim that eating refined carbohydrates for breakfast decreased facial attractiveness for men and women, though the longer-term effects of eating such foods, gleaned from questionnaires completed by the volunteers, were more complicated.

研究人员在《公共科学图书馆·综合》（Plos One）杂志上发表文章称，早餐吃精制碳水化合物会降低男性和女性的面部吸引力，不过从志愿者完成的问卷中收集到的吃这类食物的长期影响更为复杂。

“The effect varies by gender and meal type, underscoring the complex relationship between diet and attractiveness,” Berticat said. “Our findings serve as a compelling reminder of the far-reaching impact of dietary choices not only on health but also on traits having particular social importance such as facial attractiveness.”

“这种影响因性别和餐食类型而异，突显了饮食与吸引力之间的复杂关系，”克莱尔·贝尔蒂卡特博士说。“我们的研究结果有力地提醒人们，饮食选择不仅对健康有深远影响，还会影响对社交很重要的特征，如面部吸引力。”

Refined carbohydrates can produce spikes in blood sugar, which the body counters by releasing insulin. The response can drive sugar levels too low, a condition called hypoglycaemia, and affect blood flow and skin appearance. In the study, only the refined carbs breakfast produced hypoglycaemia.

精制碳水化合物可能导致血糖上升，而身体通过释放胰岛素来应对这一现象。这种反应会导致血糖水平过低，即低血糖症，从而影响血液流动和皮肤外观。在这项研究中，只有早餐摄入精制碳水化合物会导致低血糖症。

David Perrett, a professor of psychology at the University of St Andrews, who has studied facial cues for health, said there should be no surprise that diet affects attractiveness. Fruit and vegetables improved attractiveness by increasing plant pigments called carotenoids in the skin, he said, while high-sugar diets could age the skin.

研究面部健康因素的圣安德鲁斯大学心理学教授戴维·佩雷特（David Perrett）说，饮食会影响吸引力，这一点不足为奇。他说，水果和蔬菜通过增加皮肤中被称为类胡萝卜素的植物色素来提高吸引力，而高糖饮食则会使皮肤老化。

20240322苹果静安店营业一小时后关店

Apple CEO Opens New Shanghai Store in Show of China Commitment

From: The Bloomberg

Apple Inc. Chief Executive Officer Tim Cook opened an expansive new store in central Shanghai Thursday, signaling his company's commitment to China as a market and production base.

苹果公司（Apple Inc.）首席执行官蒂姆·库克（Tim Cook）周四为位于上海市中心的一家规模宏大的新店揭幕，这一行动展现了苹果公司对中国市场及其作为生产基地的承诺。

Cook emerged from the store at 7 p.m. to thunderous applause from the crowd, shaking hands and hugging fans. His appearance capped a much-publicized jaunt around the financial hub and comes at a delicate time for Apple and its place in the world's No. 2 economy.

晚上7点，库克在人群雷鸣般的掌声中走出新店，与粉丝们握手拥抱。库克的亮相为其在上海这个金融中心备受瞩目的行程画上圆满句号，而这一时刻对于苹果及其在全球第二大经济体中的地位来说，显得格外微妙。

The CEO presided over the opening of Apple's eighth location in the city after he spent time with a local celebrity, sampled Shanghainese treats and chatted with the heads of suppliers including BYD Co. and Lens Technology Co.

库克主持了苹果公司在上海第8家门店的开业仪式。此前，他与当地明星郑恺共度了美好时光，品尝了上海美食，并与比亚迪（BYD Co.）和蓝思科技（Lens Technology Co.）等供应商的负责人进行了交谈。

Cook's highly public demonstration comes as the company tries to stem waning iPhone sales in its most important overseas market.

库克此次高调露面，正值苹果公司试图在其最重要的海外市场遏制iPhone销量下滑之际。

Caesar Xu, a 35-year-old Shanghainese who works in the tech industry, said at the opening that the price of the newest iPhone is “acceptable” but expensive compared with domestic brands.

35岁的上海人、科技行业从业者徐先生在开业仪式上表示，最新款iPhone的价格“可以接受”，但与国内品牌相比价格昂贵。

“Those who love the iPhone will always love the iPhone, but there will be others switching to other brands,” said Xu, who owns both Huawei and iPhone devices and thinks Huawei excels in signal and battery life.

“那些喜欢iPhone的人会一直喜欢iPhone，但也会有人转向其他品牌，”徐先生说，他同时拥有华为和iPhone设备，并认为华为在信号和电池续航方面更胜一筹。

Apple's Cook opens new store in Shanghai to large crowds as China sales fall

From: Reuters

Apple CEO Tim Cook on Thursday opened Apple's newest store in Shanghai in front of a large crowd, some of whom had queued overnight.

周四，苹果公司首席执行官蒂姆·库克（Tim Cook）在上海为苹果新店揭幕，现场人头攒动，其中有些人甚至是通宵排队等候。

Cook, who arrived in Shanghai on Wednesday, opened the store's doors and flashed a victory sign with his fingers before greeting the first few customers who had started waiting outside the day before.

库克于周三抵达上海，他打开新店大门，用手指比出了胜利的手势，然后向前一天就开始在店外等候的第一批顾客打招呼。

The new store, which faces Shanghai's historic Jing'an Temple, is Apple's 57^th in China and its eighth in the Chinese financial hub. It is also the company's second-largest flagship store after its Fifth Avenue outlet in New York city.

这家新店位于上海历史悠久的静安寺对面，是苹果公司在中国开设的第57家门店，也是在中国金融中心上海开设的第8家门店。它也是该公司仅次于纽约第五大道门店的全球第二大门店。

Its opening comes as Apple battles falling iPhone sales in China and rising competition from domestic rivals such as Huawei. Apple's iPhone sales in China fell 24% year-on-year in the first six weeks of this year, according to consultancy estimates.

苹果开设这家新店之际，正面临iPhone在华销量下滑以及来自华为等国内竞争对手日益激烈的竞争。据咨询公司估计，今年前六周，苹果iPhone在华销量同比下降24%。

Cook, who was accompanied by Deidre O'Brien, Apple's senior vice president of retail and people, did not make any public remarks at the store. The store opening drew hundreds of people.

库克与苹果零售及人力资源高级副总裁迪德拉·奥布莱恩（Deidre O'Brien）一同出席了开业仪式，但在店内并未发表公开讲话。新店开业吸引了数百人。

He spoke to local media outlets on Wednesday, who said he met with Apple's Chinese suppliers including Wang Chuanfu, founder and president of BYD, whose electronics arm supplies components to the U.S. firm.

他在周三接受了当地媒体的采访，据悉他会见了苹果的中国供应商，包括比亚迪创始人兼总裁王传福，比亚迪的电子业务部门为苹果公司提供零部件。

Cook is expected to travel next to Beijing to attend the China Development Forum.

库克接下来将前往北京参加中国发展高层论坛。

20240323英国凯特王妃患癌症

Kate, Princess of Wales: I am having cancer treatment

From: BBC

The Princess of Wales says she is in the early stages of treatment after a cancer diagnosis.

英国威尔士王妃凯瑟琳（Catherine, Princess of Wales）称其罹患癌症，正在处于治疗的早期阶段。

In a video statement, Catherine says it was a "huge shock" after an "incredibly tough couple of months".

在视频声明中，凯瑟琳称“这几个月确实非常艰难”，这是一个“巨大的冲击”。

But she sent a positive message, saying: "I am well and getting stronger every day."

不过她也传递了积极的信息，她说：“我很好，每天都在变得更强。”

Details of the cancer have not been disclosed, but Kensington Palace says it is confident the princess will make a full recovery.

她未披露癌症的细节，但肯辛顿宫表示，有信心王妃可以康复。

The video statement from Catherine explains that when she had abdominal surgery in January, it was not known that there was any cancer.

凯瑟琳在视频声明中解释说，她在一月份接受腹部手术时，还不知道是否患有癌症。

The chemotherapy treatment began in late February. The palace says it will not be sharing any further private medical information, including the type of cancer.

化疗于二月底开始。肯辛顿宫表示不会透露更多私人医疗信息，包括癌症类型。

Here is Catherine's statement in full:

以下为凯瑟琳王妃声明全文：

I wanted to take this opportunity to say thank you, personally, for all the wonderful messages of support and for your understanding whilst I have been recovering from surgery.

我想借此机会，亲自向大家表达我的感激之情，感谢一切美好的支持信息，以及在我手术康复期间所展现的理解。

It has been an incredibly tough couple of months for our entire family, but I've had a fantastic medical team who have taken great care of me, for which I am so grateful.

对我们整个家庭来说，这几个月确实非常艰难，但我有一个出色的医疗团队，他们非常照顾我，对此我感激不尽。

In January, I underwent major abdominal surgery in London and at the time, it was thought that my condition was non-cancerous. The surgery was successful. However, tests after the operation found cancer had been present. My medical team therefore advised that I should undergo a course of preventative chemotherapy and I am now in the early stages of that treatment.

1月份，我在伦敦接受了一次重大的腹部手术，当时认为我的情况是非癌性的。手术很成功。然而，手术后的检查发现存在癌症。因此，我的医疗团队建议我接受一系列的预防性化疗，现在我正在接受这种治疗的初期阶段。

This of course came as a huge shock, and William and I have been doing everything we can to process and manage this privately for the sake of our young family.

这当然是非常令人震惊，威廉和我一直在尽我们所能，为了我们年轻的家庭私下管理这一切。

As you can imagine, this has taken time. It has taken me time to recover from major surgery in order to start my treatment. But, most importantly, it has taken us time to explain everything to George, Charlotte and Louis in a way that is appropriate for them, and to reassure them that I am going to be ok.

正如你们可以想像的，这需要时间。我需要时间从重大手术中恢复，以便开始我的治疗。但最重要的是，我们需要时间以适合他们的方式向乔治、夏洛特和路易解释一切，并向他们保证我会没事的。

As I have said to them; I am well and getting stronger every day by focusing on the things that will help me heal; in my mind, body and spirits.

正如我对他们所说：我身体很好，通过专注于将帮助我疗愈的事物，我的身心和精神每天都在变得更强。

Having William by my side is a great source of comfort and reassurance too. As is the love, support and kindness that has been shown by so many of you. It means so much to us both.

有威廉在我身边是巨大的慰藉。同样，你们很多人所展示的爱、支持和善意也是如此。这对我们两人意义重大。

We hope that you will understand that, as a family, we now need some time, space and privacy while I complete my treatment. My work has always brought me a deep sense of joy and I look forward to being back when I am able, but for now I must focus on making a full recovery.

我们希望你们能理解，作为一个家庭，现在我们需要一些时间、空间和隐私，以便我完成我的治疗。我的工作一直给我带来深深的喜悦，我期待能够回归，但现在我必须专注于彻底康复。

At this time, I am also thinking of all those whose lives have been affected by cancer. For everyone facing this disease, in whatever form, please do not lose faith or hope. You are not alone.

此时我也在挂念所有那些生活受到癌症影响的人。对每一个面对这种疾病的人，无论是哪种形式，请不要失去信念或希望。你们并不孤单。

20240324莫斯科音乐厅恐袭事件

What we know about the Moscow concert hall attack

From: CNN

Russia has been left reeling in the wake of the nation's worst terrorist attack in decades.

俄罗斯遭遇了数十年来最严重的恐怖袭击事件，举国震惊。

Nearly a dozen people have been detained in connection with the massacre, which saw armed assailants storm a popular concert venue complex on the outskirts of the capital, killing more than 130 people.

与此次恐怖袭击事件相关的十余人已经落网。武装分子突袭了莫斯科郊外一个深受欢迎的音乐厅，造成130多人死亡。

Here's what we know.

以下是我们目前了解到的情况。

Attackers armed with guns and incendiary devices opened fire at random at the Crocus City complex - home to both a popular music hall and shopping center - on Friday night.

周五晚上，携带枪支和燃烧装置的袭击者在克罗库斯城（Crocus City）综合体随意开火，这里既是著名的音乐厅，也是购物中心。

Crowds were still filing in but the auditorium was already packed with people ahead of a concert by the band Picnic. Some 6,500 tickets had reportedly been sold for the show. But instead of a night dancing away to rock music, sheer chaos unfolded.

尽管人群还在陆续进场，但音乐厅内已经人声鼎沸，人们在期待着“Picnic”乐队的演出。据悉，这场演出共销售了约6500张门票。本应是一个沉浸在摇滚乐中的夜晚，却意外陷入了极度混乱之中。

Panicked eyewitnesses captured on video the exact moment gunmen, dressed in camouflage fatigues and carrying automatic weapons, started shooting indiscriminately. The footage showed concertgoers screaming and ducking for cover behind cushioned seats while others huddled together as shots echoed through the vast hall.

惊慌失措的目击者用视频记录下了身穿迷彩服、手持自动武器的枪手开始胡乱扫射的那一刻。视频显示，当枪声在广阔的大厅中回荡时，音乐厅观众尖叫着躲到软垫座椅，或是挤作一团。

During the rampage, one group sheltering next to a large wall of windows outside the concert venue were forced to break them to escape the gunfire, video obtained by CNN shows.

美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）获得的视频显示，在这场狂暴袭击中，一群人躲在音乐厅外的一堵大窗户旁，不得不打破窗户以躲避枪弹。

An unnamed male witness who survived the attack said the gunmen entered the concert hall and “started shooting everyone.”

一名在袭击中幸存的不愿透露姓名的男性目击者说，枪手进入音乐厅后“开始向所有人开火”。

“I was sitting in the hall upstairs where the balconies were. We heard gunshots. At first, we didn’t understand what had happened,” he said in an interview, which was published by Reuters. He added that the attackers threw a Molotov cocktail, and then “everything was set on fire.”

“我当时坐在音乐厅楼上的包厢里。我们听到了枪声。起初，我们不明白发生了什么，”他在接受路透社的采访时说。他补充说，袭击者投掷了燃烧瓶，紧接着“一切都陷入火海。”

The band's manager later told state media that the performers were unharmed.

乐队经理后来向官方媒体确认，乐队成员均未受伤。

A SWAT team was called to the area and more than 70 ambulance teams and doctors assisted victims.

特警队迅速赶往现场，70多个救护车队和医生参与了救援行动。

Fires were still burning at Crocus City on Saturday and the roof of the venue had partially collapsed. Nearly 500 personnel were working to dismantle rubble at the scene, the Russian Emergencies Ministry said.

周六，克罗库斯城的大火仍在燃烧，场馆部分屋顶已坍塌。俄罗斯应急救灾部表示，近500名救援人员正在现场进行清理工作。

At least 133 people are known to have been killed at the vast complex, according to the latest update from Russia's Investigative Committee on Saturday. Authorities say that number is likely to keep rising as emergency responders work through the scene.

根据俄罗斯调查委员会周六的最新消息，已知有至少133人在这座庞大的综合体中丧生。当局表示，随着紧急救援人员在现场开展工作，这一数字可能还会继续上升。

Additionally, more than 100 others were injured in the incident – with many of them in serious condition, including two children.

此外，还有100多人在此次事件中受伤，其中许多人伤势严重，包括两名儿童。

The governor of Moscow region, Andrey Vorobyov, said Saturday that the victims of the terror attack would receive financial compensation from the region and city governments.

莫斯科州州长安德烈·沃罗比约夫（Andrey Vorobyov）周六表示，恐怖袭击事件受害者将获得该地区和市政府的经济赔偿。

20240325气象局发布大地磁暴预警

Geomagnetic storm from a solar flare could disrupt radio communications and create a striking aurora

From: AP NEWS

Space weather forecasters have issued a geomagnetic storm watch through Monday, saying an ouburst of plasma from a solar flare could interfere with radio transmissions on Earth. It could also make for great aurora viewing.

空间天气预报员发布了将持续到周一的地磁暴预警，称太阳耀斑喷发出的等离子体可能会干扰地球上的无线电传输。这也可能成为观赏极光的绝佳机会。

There's no reason for the public to be concerned, according to the alert issued Saturday by NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center in Boulder, Colorado.

根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）位于科罗拉多州博尔德市的空间气象预测中心（Space Weather Prediction Center）周六发布的预警，公众无需担心。

The storm could interrupt high-frequency radio transmissions, such as by aircraft trying to communicate with distant traffic control towers. Most commercial aircraft can use satellite transmission as backup, said Jonathan Lash, a forecaster at the center.

地磁暴可能会干扰高频无线电传输，例如飞机试图与远处的交通控制塔进行通信时可能会受到干扰。该中心的预报员乔纳森·拉什（Jonathan Lash）指出，大多数商用飞机都能借助卫星传输作为应急方案。

Satellite operators might have trouble tracking their spacecraft, and power grids could also see some “induced current” in their lines, though nothing they can't handle, he said.

他说，卫星运营商可能难以追踪其航天器，电网的线路中也可能会出现一些“感应电流”，不过这些都是他们能够应对的情况。

“For the general public, if you have clear skies at night and you are at higher latitudes, this would be a great opportunity to see the skies light up,” Lash said.

拉什说：“对于普罗大众来说，如果你所在地夜空晴朗，且位于较高的纬度，这将是观赏绚丽多彩夜空的极佳时机。”

Every 11 years, the sun's magnetic field flips, meaning its north and south poles switch positions. Solar activity changes during that cycle, and it's now near its most active, called the solar maximum.

太阳磁场每11年会翻转一次，这意味着其北极和南极的位置会互换。在这个周期内，太阳活动会发生变化，现在接近最活跃的时期，称为太阳极大期。

During such times, geomagnetic storms of the type that arrived Sunday can hit Earth a few times a year, Lash said. During solar minimum, a few years may pass between storms.

拉什说，在太阳极大期，类似周日发生的地磁暴每年会袭击地球几次。而在太阳极小期，可能几年才会发生一次地磁暴。

In December, the biggest solar flare in years disrupted radio communications.

去年12月，数年来最大的一次太阳耀斑干扰了无线电通信。

'Severe' solar storm hitting Earth could cause Midwest to see northern lights

From: USA TODAY

A "severe" solar storm hit Earth on Sunday according to the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center, causing parts of the nation to be able to see the aurora borealis.

据美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）空间气象预测中心（Space Weather Prediction Center）称，一场“严重”的太阳风暴于周日袭击地球，这使得美国部分地区能够观赏到北极光。

On X, formerly Twitter, the Prediction Center said that a coronal mass ejection event arrived Sunday and caused a G4 geomagnetic storm. The Center said that the strong geomagnetic storm could continue through the rest of Sunday and into Monday.

空间气象预测中心表示，在X平台（原Twitter）上表示，周日出现了日冕物质抛射（coronal mass ejection）活动，并引发了G4级地磁暴。该中心表示，强地磁暴可能会持续到周日晚些时候及周一。

The SWPC had warned that the storm could reach up to G3 strength on Saturday.

空间气象预测中心发布预警称，地磁暴强度可能在周六达到G3级。

“The public should not anticipate adverse impacts and no action is necessary, but they should stay properly informed of storm progression by visiting our webpage,” the Prediction Center said, noting that infrastructure operators had been notified.

“公众无需担心会受到不良影响，也无需采取特别措施，但应通过访问我们的网站来及时了解地磁暴的最新情况，”空间气象预测中心指出，并提到已向基础设施运营商发出了通知。

20240326向校园霸凌说“不”！

A Nation Answers a Sobbing Boy's Plea: 'Why Do They Bully?'

From: The New York Times, Dec. 11, 2017

When Kimberly Jones picked up her son, Keaton, from school in the Knoxville, Tennessee, area last week, he asked her to record a video of him in the car.

当金伯莉·琼斯（Kimberly Jones）在上周从田纳西州诺克斯维尔地区的学校接回儿子基顿（Keaton）时，他请她帮忙在车内拍摄了一段视频。

Keaton was going home early — not for the first time, Kimberly Jones said — because he was afraid to have lunch at school. Classmates, he told his mother, had poured milk on him and stuffed ham in his clothes.

基顿是提前回的家——金伯莉·琼斯说，这不是第一次了——因为他不敢在学校吃午餐。他告诉妈妈，同学们往他的身上倒过牛奶，还往他的衣服里塞过火腿。

“They make fun of my nose,” he said in the video, which Jones posted on Facebook on Friday with a plea for parents to talk to their children about bullying. “They call me ugly. They say I have no friends.”

“他们取笑我的鼻子，”他在视频中说道，琼斯在周五时把这个视频发在了Facebook上，还请求父母们与孩子们谈谈霸凌问题。“他们说我丑。他们说我没有朋友。”

“Why do they bully? What's the point of it? Why do you find joy in taking innocent people and finding a way to be mean to them?” he asked, sobbing. He added: “People that are different don't need to be criticized about it. It's not their fault.”

“他们为什么霸凌别人？这有什么意义呢？为什么你们会觉得，欺负无辜的人，想尽办法刻薄地对他们，会是件乐事呢？”他抽泣着问道。他还说：“人们不应该因为与别人不同就受到批评。这不是他们的错。”

By Sunday evening, the video had been viewed 20 million times on Facebook alone, bringing attention to the stubborn problem of childhood bullying — and a flood of support for Keaton.

截至周日晚上，这个视频仅在Facebook上就已有了超过2000万次的浏览量，使儿童霸凌这个顽疾受到了关注——也使基顿获得了潮涌般的支持。

Much ink has been spilled about bullying in the internet age, but Keaton's video underscored that the old-fashioned variety — the cafeteria taunts, the physical violence — is still very much alive.

在互联网时代，已经有太多关于霸凌的讨论，但基顿的视频的重点在于，老一套的花样——食堂里的奚落嘲笑、身体暴力——依然十分常见。

Thousands of people, including many celebrities, wrote on social media that they, too, had been bullied and urged Keaton to stay strong.

包括许多明星在内的成千上万人在社交媒体上写道，他们也曾遭遇过霸凌，并给基顿打气。

Delanie Walker, a tight end for the Tennessee Titans, offered Keaton and his family tickets to the team's New Year's Eve game against the Jacksonville Jaguars. In a short video, he read a poem attributed to Buddha and told Keaton, “You can be whoever you want to be.”

田纳西泰坦队（Tennessee Titans）的近端锋德兰尼·沃克（Delanie Walker）愿意给基顿和他的家人送出球队在新年夜对战杰克逊维尔美洲虎队（Jacksonville Jaguars）的比赛门票。在一个短视频中，他念了一首据称为佛陀所作的诗，并告诉基顿，“你可以活成你自己希望的样子。”

Actor LeVar Burton assured Keaton he was “not alone.” Chris Evans, who plays Captain America, offered tickets to the Los Angeles premiere of next year's “Avengers” movie.

演员莱瓦尔·伯顿（LeVar Burton）向基顿保证，他“并不孤单。”《美国队长》的扮演者克里斯·伊文斯（Chris Evans）愿意送出明年的“复仇者联盟”电影在洛杉矶的首映礼入场券。

Keaton even got a message from Luke Skywalker.

基顿甚至还收到了天行者卢克（Luke Skywalker）的消息。

“They're just jealous because you're so smart & handsome,” Mark Hamill, who plays Skywalker in the “Star Wars” movies, tweeted.

“他们只是嫉妒你那么聪明又那么帅气，”《星球大战》中天行者卢克的扮演者马克·哈米尔（Mark Hamill）发推说。

Jones had posted Saturday that she could not keep up with the thousands of messages pouring in.

琼斯周六时发帖称，自己无法应对蜂拥而至的成千上万条消息。

“At the end of the day, this isn't new for us, & we still have to truck on thru the day to day,” she wrote, adding, “I'm humbled by the voice my boy has been given, but he's still just a little boy, & he's a little boy who desperately wants acceptance.”

“到头来，这对我们都并不新鲜，我们也还得一天天继续我们的生活，”她写道，并且“我很感激大家如此倾听我儿子的声音，但他终究只是个小男孩，他还是一个迫切希望得到认可的小男孩。”

Public attention to bullying tends to come in waves, surging around cases like Keaton's before falling off again. In some well-publicized cases in recent years, bullying has been so vicious that victims have killed themselves.

公众对霸凌事件的关注往往都是一阵一阵的，类似基顿这样的事件会使关注度骤增继而平息。在近些年曝光度较高的事件中，一些霸凌事件的恶毒程度甚至导致了受害者自杀。

Multiple studies, including a 2008 review by researchers at Yale and another published in JAMA Pediatrics in 2014, have found a connection between bullying and suicide.

多项研究发现在霸凌和自杀之间存在关联，其中包括2008年由耶鲁大学研究人员开展的研究，以及2014年发表在《美国医学会期刊：儿科学》（JAMA Pediatrics）上的一项研究。

In his video, through his tears, Keaton told viewers: “If you are made fun of, just don't let it bother you. Stay strong, I guess.”

在视频中，基顿流着泪告诉观众：“如果你被人嘲笑，不要因此而受到影响。要坚强，我觉得。”

“It'll probably get better one day,” he said, sounding unconvinced.

“或许将来某天会好一些吧，”他说，但听起来不是很肯定。

20240327张颂文：你改下网名会不会好点

How Could A.I. Destroy Humanity?

From: The New York Times, June 10, 2023

Last month, hundreds of well-known people in the world of artificial intelligence signed an open letter warning that A.I. could one day destroy humanity.

上个月，人工智能界的数百名知名人士签署了一封公开信，警告AI有朝一日可能毁灭人类。

“Mitigating the risk of extinction from A.I. should be a global priority alongside other societal-scale risks, such as pandemics and nuclear war,” the one-sentence statement said.

公开信只有一句话：“减轻人工智能灭绝人类风险，应该与大流行病和核战争等其他社会规模的风险一起成为全球优先事项。”

The letter was the latest in a series of ominous warnings about A.I. that have been notably light on details. Today's A.I. systems cannot destroy humanity. Some of them can barely add and subtract. So why are the people who know the most about A.I. so worried?

这是对人工智能做出不祥警告的一系列公开信中最新的一封，这些警告的特别突出之处是缺少细节。今天的AI系统不能毁灭人类。其中一些系统只能勉强做点加减法。那么，为什么这些最了解AI的人如此担心呢？

The scary scenario.

吓人的预测。

One day, the tech industry's Cassandras say, companies, governments or independent researchers could deploy powerful A.I. systems to handle everything from business to warfare. Those systems could do things that we do not want them to do. And if humans tried to interfere or shut them down, they could resist or even replicate themselves so they could keep operating.

科技行业的灾难预言者说，有朝一日，公司、政府或独立工作的研究人员能有效利用强大的人工智能系统，处理从商业到战争的所有事情。这些系统能做我们不想让它们做的事情。如果人类试图介入或将它们关掉，它们会抵抗，甚至会自我复制，以便继续运行下去。

“Today's systems are not anywhere close to posing an existential risk,” said Yoshua Bengio, a professor and A.I. researcher at the University of Montreal. “But in one, two, five years? There is too much uncertainty. That is the issue. We are not sure this won't pass some point where things get catastrophic.”

“今天的系统离构成生存威胁还差得很远，”蒙特利尔大学研究人工智能的教授约书亚·本吉奥说。“但一年、两年、五年后会怎样呢？有太多的不确定性。这就是问题所在。我们不能确定AI是否将在某个时刻变成灾难性的。”

The worriers have often used a simple metaphor. If you ask a machine to create as many paper clips as possible, they say, it could get carried away and transform everything — including humanity — into paper clip factories.

爱担忧的人常使用一个简单的比喻。他们说，如果你要求一台机器尽可能多地制造回形针，机器可能会忘乎所以，将所有的东西——包括人类——变成制造回形针的工厂。

How does that tie into the real world — or an imagined world not too many years in the future? Companies could give A.I. systems more and more autonomy and connect them to vital infrastructure, including power grids, stock markets and military weapons. From there, they could cause problems.

这与现实世界（或想象中并不久远的未来世界）有什么关系？公司能赋予AI系统越来越多的自主性，将它们连接到重要基础设施（包括电网、股票市场、军事武器）中去。它们可能会从那里引发问题。

For many experts, this did not seem all that plausible until the last year or so, when companies like OpenAI demonstrated significant improvements in their technology. That showed what could be possible if A.I. continues to advance at such a rapid pace.

对于许多专家来说，这种可能性直到差不多去年之前似乎还没有那么可信。去年，OpenAI等公司展示了在AI技术方面的重大进步，表明如果AI继续以如此快的速度向前发展的话，是存在这种可能性的。

“A.I. will steadily be delegated, and could — as it becomes more autonomous — usurp decision making and thinking from current humans and human-run institutions,” said Anthony Aguirre, a cosmologist at the University of California, Santa Cruz and a founder of the Future of Life Institute, the organization behind one of two open letters.

“AI将逐渐获得授权，并随着变得更加自主，它可能篡夺目前人类和人类管理的机构的决策和思维，”加州大学圣克鲁兹分校的宇宙学家安东尼·阿吉雷说，他是与两封公开信有关的组织——生命未来研究所的创始人。

“At some point, it would become clear that the big machine that is running society and the economy is not really under human control, nor can it be turned off, any more than the S&P 500 could be shut down,” he said.

“到了某个时候，人们会发现运行社会和经济的大型机器其实并不在人类的控制之下，也无法将它们关掉，就像无法关掉标准普尔500指数一样，”他说。

Or so the theory goes. Other A.I. experts believe it is a ridiculous premise.

或按照该理论的说法是这样的。其他人工智能专家认为，这是个荒谬的假定。

“Hypothetical is such a polite way of phrasing what I think of the existential risk talk,” said Oren Etzioni, the founding chief executive of the Allen Institute for AI, a research lab in Seattle.

“关于我对'生存威胁说'的看法，说它是'假定'已经非常礼貌了，”位于西雅图的研究实验室——艾伦人工智能研究所的创始首席执行官奥伦·埃齐奥尼说。

20240328刚刚，小米汽车SU7正式发布

Xiaomi Set to Launch First Electric Vehicle on March 28

From: The Wall Street Journal

Chinese mobile-phone maker Xiaomi will launch its first electric vehicle this month, a four-door tech-laden sedan that it hopes will capture interest at a time when EV sales are slowing and a host of competitors are cutting prices.

中国手机制造商小米集团（Xiaomi）将于本月推出首款电动汽车，这是一款集合科技理念的四门轿车。在电动汽车销售放缓、众多竞争对手纷纷降价之际，小米希望这款汽车能引起人们的兴趣。

The company, best known for its popular smartphones and domestic appliances, will launch its SU7 model on March 28 in China, Chief Executive Lei Jun said in a post on his Weibo account Tuesday. Xiaomi Motor, the consumer electronics giant's auto unit, said in a separate post on Weibo the car will be available for delivery at the same time.

消费电子产品巨头小米集团的CEO雷军周二在微博上发帖称，3月28日，小米SU7正式发布。子公司小米汽车（Xiaomi Motor）也在微博上发帖称，3月28日，小米SU7正式发布，上市即交付。小米集团以其热门智能手机和家电而闻名。

Xiaomi didn't specify a price for the car. Company shares were up 9.55% by midday in Hong Kong trade, on track for their largest percentage jump since January 2023.

小米没有透露这款汽车的定价。截至午盘，小米汽车港股上涨9.55%，有望创下自2023年1月以来的最大单日百分比涨幅。

The launch of the SU7 comes three years after Xiaomi said it would enter the car-making business, which Lei said at the time would be “the last big start-up project of my life.”

三年前，小米表示将进军造车领域，雷军当时称，这将是“我人生中最后一次重大创业项目”。

“This is to fulfill our agreement made three years ago,” he wrote Tuesday. In a separate post, Lei added that he's confident about entering the EV market, despite intensifying competition.

“这是我们的三年之约，”他周二写道。雷军还在另一个帖子中表示，现在行业竞争激烈，但小米有信心打开市场。

Xiaomi unveiled the SU7 at its technology conference in December, saying it was capable of acceleration speeds faster than Tesla cars and Porsche EVs, with one version capable of hitting 100 kilometers per hour in 2.78 seconds. One version has a driving range of up to 800 kilometers, it added.

小米SU7在去年12月举行的技术发布会上亮相，小米称这款车的加速速度超过特斯拉（Tesla）和保时捷（Porsche）的电动汽车，其中一个版本零百加速只需2.78秒。小米还称，其中一个版本的最高续航里程可达800公里。

The SU7's release comes as EV makers battle for sales in the world's largest auto market. Xiaomi will enter the fray as leading brands like BYD and Tesla are cutting prices aggressively to entice consumers to buy their EVs in an oversupplied market, as economic pressures weigh on demand.

SU7的推出正值电动汽车制造商在中国这个全球最大的汽车市场展开销售战。在经济压力对需求造成影响的情况下，比亚迪（BYD）和特斯拉等领先品牌在供过于求的市场上积极降价，以吸引消费者购买自家电动车，小米也将加入这场混战。

February retail sales of electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids dropped 12% on year to 388,000 units, according to data from the China Passenger Car Association. Chinese EV startups including NIO and XPeng, which have been selling EVs for more than five years, are still posting operating losses.

中国乘用车市场信息联席会的数据显示，2月份电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车的零售销量同比下降12%，降至38.8万辆。包括已经销售电动汽车五年多的蔚来（NIO）和小鹏汽车（XPeng）在内，中国的电动汽车初创企业仍有经营亏损。

Analysts said the SU7's release will likely cut into Xiaomi's bottom line as marketing and other expenses for the venture rise. Xiaomi posted a net profit of 4.87 billion yuan ($677.9 million) in the third quarter, up 52% from the preceding quarter on the back of improved margins.

分析师称，随着该项目市场营销和其他费用的增加，小米SU7的发布可能会削弱小米的净利润。小米公布，在利润率改善的支撑下，第三季度实现净利润人民币48.7亿元（约合6.779亿美元），比前一季度增长52%。

The key thing to watch for the launch will be the price, specifically if it's below or above CNY200,000, Huatai Securities equity analyst Leping Huang said. The level serves as a sort benchmark for EVs in the same class as the SU7.

华泰证券（Huatai Securities）的股票分析师黄乐平说，小米SU7的发布需要关注的关键问题将是价格，尤其是价格是低于人民币20万元还是高于这一水平。这一价格水平经常被认为是与小米SU7同级电动汽车的基准。

Xiaomi may have some advantages over competitors since it is “already a very well-known brand and may be able to leverage on existing distribution channels,” Morningstar equity analyst Dan Baker said. But “near-term profit forecasts could well be negative.”

晨星（Morningstar）的股票分析师Dan Baker说，小米与竞争对手相比可能有一些优势，因为小米已经是一个非常知名的品牌，或许可以利用现有的分销渠道。但近期利润预期很可能是非常负面的。

20240329“是拍婚纱照还是外交访问？”

Macron rekindles France-Brazil relationship in widely memed Lula visit

From: The Guardian

If the official photos are anything to go by, Emmanuel Macron's three-day trip to Brazil has been more romantic getaway than international diplomacy.

如果从官方照片来看，埃马纽埃尔·马克龙（Emmanuel Macron）为期三天的巴西之行与其说是国际外交，不如说是浪漫之旅。

The French president, who ended his tour of the South American country on Thursday with a state visit to the capital, Brasília, prompted online hilarity after the publication of photos showing him being particularly chummy with his Brazilian counterpart, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

周四，法国总统结束了对南美国家巴西首都巴西利亚的国事访问。他与巴西总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦（Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva）亲密互动的照片曝光后，在网上引起了轩然大波。

Macron, 46, began his visit on Tuesday in Belém, the Amazonian city that will host the Cop30 climate conference next year, and the nearby Combu island.

马克龙总统的访问始于周二，他首先抵达亚马逊地区的贝伦市（Belém），随后访问了附近的康普岛。明年第30届气候变化大会将于贝伦市举行。

In one photo released on 78-year-old Lula's social media channels, the two beaming heads of state can be seen clasping hands on a boat while gazing out at the Guamá River. In another, they appear to be blithely skipping under the Amazon canopy.

78岁的卢拉在社交媒体上发布的一张照片中，可以看到这两位笑容满面的国家元首在船上紧握双手，凝视着瓜马河（Guamá River）。在另一张照片中，他们似乎在亚马逊丛林的树下欢快地畅游着。

Quick-witted internet users compared the images to engagement photoshoots or scenes from a romcom.

机智的网友将这些画面比作婚纱照，或是浪漫喜剧中的桥段。

“Lula and Macron are doing a pre-wedding shoot, they will marry in the Amazon and honeymoon in Paris,” one X user wrote.

一位X平台的网友写道：“看来卢拉和马克龙正在拍婚纱照，他们将在亚马逊举办婚礼，之后在巴黎度蜜月。”

“I see a new Macron/Lula family Christmas card dropping,” tweeted Ian Bremmer, the founder of political risk consultancy Eurasia Group.

政治风险咨询公司欧亚集团（Eurasia Group）创始人伊恩·布雷默（Ian Bremmer）写道：“我看到新的马克龙/卢拉家庭圣诞贺卡出炉了。”

Memes circulating online depicted the former investment banker and former union leader clutching heart-shaped balloons.

网上还流传着这位前投资银行家与前工会领袖手持心形气球的搞笑图片。

Macron's visit – his first as president – marks a rekindling of the Franco-Brazilian partnership after relations hit a low point under Lula's far-right predecessor, Jair Bolsonaro, who took issue with France's concerns over Amazon deforestation.

在卢拉的极右翼前任贾尔·博尔索纳罗（Jair Bolsonaro）执政期间，博尔索纳罗因不满法国对亚马逊森林砍伐的担忧，两国关系跌入低谷。马克龙此次访问是他作为总统的首次访问，标志着法巴伙伴关系的复苏。

Lula and Macron stressed their shared environmental objectives earlier this week while announcing a €1bn (￡855m) investment programme to protect the Amazon rainforest in Brazil and French Guiana.

本周早些时候，卢拉和马克龙宣布了一项10亿欧元（8.55亿英镑）的投资计划以保护巴西和法属圭亚那的亚马逊雨林，强调了他们共同的环保目标。

They also celebrated cooperation on defence technology during the launch near Rio de Janeiro on Wednesday of a diesel-powered submarine, built in Brazil with French technology.

周三，两国还庆祝了国防技术方面的合作，一艘采用法国技术在巴西建造的柴油动力潜艇在里约热内卢附近下水。

“We are starting a new page of our relationship today,” Macron said on Thursday during a joint press conference following a closed-doors bilateral meeting and the signing of over 20 cooperation agreements.

“今天，我们开启了双方关系的新篇章，”马克龙周四在闭门双边会晤和签署20多项合作协议后的联合新闻发布会上表示。

Speaking to journalists, the two leaders emphasised their desire to work together on issues such as fighting poverty, tackling the climate crisis and global taxation at the G20 leaders' summit in Rio later this year. Macron also hailed their shared vision regarding upcoming elections in Venezuela and the crisis in Haiti.

两位领导人在接受记者采访时强调，他们希望在今年晚些时候于里约举行的二十国集团（G20）领导人峰会上就消除贫困、应对气候危机和全球税收等问题开展合作。马克龙还高度评价了他们在委内瑞拉即将举行的选举和海地危机问题上的共同愿景。

But they skirted issues upon which they do not see eye-to-eye.

然而，他们回避了双方意见不一致的议题。

Late on Thursday, Macron responded to social media users on X. “Some have compared the pictures of my visit to Brazil to those of a wedding,” Macron wrote. “I tell them it was one. France loves Brazil and Brazil loves France,” he said.

周四晚些时候，马克龙在X上回应了社交媒体用户。“有些人把我访问巴西的照片比作婚纱照，”马克龙写道。“我想对他们说，确实如此。法国爱巴西，巴西爱法国，”他说。

20240330“上班恶心穿搭”为什么会火

Furry Slippers and Sweatpants: Young Chinese Embrace ‘Gross Outfits’ at Work

From: The New York Times

When the weather turned cold in December, Cindy Luo started to wear her fluffy pajamas over a hooded sweatshirt at the office. Wearing cozy sleepwear to work became a habit and soon she didn’t even bother to wear matching tops and bottoms, selecting whatever was most comfortable.

12月天气转冷时，辛迪·罗（音）开始在办公室里穿加绒睡衣，里面是连帽运动衫。穿着舒适的睡衣上班成了一种习惯，很快，她甚至懒得穿配套的上下装，只选择最舒服的。

A few months later, she posted photos of herself to a “gross outfits at work” thread that had spread on Xiaohongshu, a Chinese app similar to Instagram. She was one of tens of thousands of young workers in China to proudly post pictures of themselves showing up at the office in onesies, sweatpants and sandals with socks. The just-rolled-out-of-bed look was shockingly casual for most Chinese workplaces.

几个月后，她在类似于Instagram的小红书上一个标题为“上班恶心穿搭”的帖子里发布了自己的照片。中国有上万名年轻员工自豪地晒出自己穿着连体衣、运动裤、凉鞋配袜子出现在办公室的照片，她就是其中之一。对大多数中国工作场所来说，这种好像刚从床上爬起来的装扮太过随意了。

“I just want to wear whatever I want,” said Ms. Luo, 30, an interior designer in Wuhan, a city in Hubei Province. “I just don’t think it’s worth spending money to dress up for work, since I’m just sitting there.”

“就想穿什么就穿什么，”30岁的辛迪·罗说，她是湖北省武汉市的一名室内设计师。“然后主要就是觉得上班也不值得去花钱打扮，反正都是在那一直坐。”

Defying expectations for proper work attire reflects a growing aversion among China’s youth to a life of ambition and striving that marked the past few decades. Many young people are choosing instead to “lie flat,” a countercultural approach to seeking an easy and uncomplicated life.

对得体工作服装的不屑一顾反映出中国年轻人对过去几十年那种充满野心和奋斗的生活越来越反感。许多年轻人选择“躺平”，以这种反文化的方式去寻求轻松简单的生活。

The intentionally lackluster outfits became a social media movement when a user named “Kendou S-” posted a video last month on Douyin, the Chinese sibling service of TikTok. She showed off her work outfit: a fluffy brown sweater dress over plaid pajama pants with a pink, light-quilted jacket and furry slippers.

上个月，一位名为“Kendou S-”的用户在抖音上发布了一段视频，令这种刻意显得平淡无奇的着装成了一场社交媒体运动。她展示了自己上班时穿的衣服：一件蓬松的棕色加绒连衣裙，下穿格纹睡裤，搭配粉红色薄棉袄和加绒拖鞋。

In the video, she said that her supervisor at work told her several times that her outfits were “gross” and that she needed to wear better clothes “to mind the image of the company.”

在视频中，她说老板多次告诉她，她的着装“太恶心”，她应该穿更好的衣服，“注意点公司形象”。

The video took off; it received more than 735,000 likes and was shared 1.4 million times. The hashtag “gross outfits at work” spread across multiple Chinese social media platforms and it unleashed a competition of whose work dress was the most repulsive. On Weibo, China’s version of X, the topic generated hundreds of millions of views and sparked a wider discussion about why young people are not willing to dress up for work nowadays.

这段视频迅速走红；获得了73.5万个赞，被分享了140万次。“上班恶心穿搭”的标签在中国多个社交媒体平台上传播开来，并引发了一场谁的工作服最恶心的比赛。在微博上，这个话题获得了上亿浏览量，并引发了一场更广泛的讨论：为什么现在的年轻人上班时不愿好好着装打扮。

“It’s the progress of the times,” said Xiao Xueping, a psychologist in Beijing. She said young people grew up in a relatively more inclusive environment than earlier generations and learned to put their own feelings first.

“我觉得是时代的进步，”北京的心理学家肖雪萍说。她说，与前几代人相比，年轻人在一个相对更包容的环境中长大，学会了把自己的感受放在第一位。

People’s Daily has refrained from scolding young Chinese for what it called “being ugly” at work. The publication said that the trend was a form of self-mockery, and that it was “unnecessary to magnify it to become a problem of principle” as long as the employees dressed appropriately and had a good work attitude.

《人民日报》并没有指责中国年轻人在工作中的“恶心穿搭”。该媒体称，这种趋势是一种自嘲，只要员工穿着得体、工作态度端正，“没必要上纲上线”。

Most of the responses to the “gross outfits at work” posts came from women. In China, like many places around the world, women are held to a higher standard for office wear, while men’s outfits often require less thought.

大多数对“上班恶心穿搭”帖子的回复都是来自女性。与世界上许多地方一样，在中国，女性的办公室着装有着更高的要求，而男性的着装往往不需要太多考虑。

20240331雷军能不能生产一下相机？

Join the Debate: We All Have Smartphones, but Do You Need a 'Real' Camera, Too?

From: The Wall Street Journal, April 13, 2023

It might have seemed unlikely a decade ago—when the plummeting price of smartphones with superlative cameras had many eulogizing conventional cameras—but the standalone camera is back. Perhaps driven by many people's desire to stop living life exclusively on screens, sales of certain kinds of cameras are on the rise. In the wild, you'll now see people snapping photos of spring tulips with a svelte “mirrorless” frame, or congenially passing around an Instant camera at a party.

十年前，当配备优秀拍照功能的智能手机价格大跌，以至许多传统相机遭淘汰时，相机的时代似乎会一去不返了。也许是由于许多人渴望停止沉迷于屏幕的生活，某些类型的相机销量正在上升。你现在会看到人们在户外用小巧的“无反”（mirroless）相机拍摄春天的郁金香，或是在聚会上开心地传递拍立得相机。

“Huh?” a lot of everyday photographers are asking. After all, the cameras shipped with our cell phones can render almost anything without issue, and the photos can also immediately upload them to social media.

“啥？”很多随手拍摄影师都在问。毕竟，我们手机自带的相机几乎可以毫无问题地呈现所有事物，而且照片还可以立即上传到社交媒体。

To help you determine whether you should become a card carrying representative of the second camera movement—or not—we reached out to advocates from both camps. Here, they argue both sides.

为了帮助你决定是否应成为这场备用相机（secondary camera）潮流中的一分子，我们联系了正反两方的支持者。以下由他们分别阐述各自的观点。

'Yes, secondary cameras are fun to use, and produce singular snaps'“是的，你需要备用相机。它很有趣，可以拍出独特的照片。”

The cameras on our phones are obviously capable, but dedicated clickers offer quality they can't. In a recent viral TikTok video, influencer Lauren Wolfe compared side-by-side pictures taken on a beach during sunset with, respectively, her iPhone and a Canon Powershot G7 X, a $500 compact model released in 2014. Most commenters considered the point-and-shoot the clear winner and the post amassed 4.1 million views. “Went from the worst to the best pics of my life,” captioned Ms. Wolfe.

我们手机上的相机显然够用，但专业相机提供了它们无法比拟的画质。TikTok上最近的一段热门视频中，网红劳伦·伍尔夫（Lauren Wolfe）将在日落时分在海滩上拍摄的两张照片进行了对比；两张照片分别由她的iPhone和一台2014年发布的售价500美元的紧凑型相机佳能PowerShot G7 X拍摄。这段视频获得了410万次观看量，大多数评论网友认为卡片相机是明显的赢家。“从我生命中最糟糕的照片到最好的照片，”伍尔夫在视频注释中写道。

'The feeling of little fiddly buttons satisfies something in me.'“那些小小的按钮给我带来了内心的满足。”

The push isn't just about posting better pictures. The consumer imaging division of Fujifilm announced it earned over $1.6 billion in the first three quarters of the 2022 fiscal year, a year-over-year increase of 23.4% that it attributed to better sales of its Instax instant cameras. These cameras, which function like the Polaroids of old, rarely produce images as in-focus or balanced as those you'd get on your phone or DSLR. But that's kind of the point. “I mostly use Instax cameras on trips,” said Sandy Noto, 35, a professional photographer in Chicago. “They're great at capturing a moment.”

这股潮流不仅仅是为了发布更好的照片。富士胶片（Fujifilm）的消费影像部门公布，在2022财年的前三个季度中，其收入超过16亿美元，同比增长23.4％，这归功于其Instax拍立得相机的销售增长。这种相机的功能类似于老式的宝丽来（Polaroid）相机，拍出的照片很少像手机或数码单反相机拍出的那样清晰或平衡。但这也是它的优点所在。“我大多数时候是在旅行中使用Instax相机，”芝加哥35岁的专业摄影师桑迪·诺托（Sandy Noto）说。“它们很适合捕捉瞬间。”

'No, new phones take amazing images, plus you already have one in your pocket'“你不需要备用相机。现在手机可以拍摄非常赞的照片，而且你手上就有一台。”

Plenty of people say that the fun of shooting with film and the fidelity a digital point-and-shoot or mirrorless camera achieves are simply not worth the extra expense and the lug-it-around burden.

很多人说，使用胶片拍摄的乐趣和卡片相机或无反相机所达到的保真度根本不值得额外的花费和携带负担。

For most Americans, using one's phone as an all-purpose camera is the rule, not the exception. According to 2022 data from polling company Gallup, 97% of U.S. adults have a smartphone. And the cameras on these phones keep getting better.

对于大多数美国人来说，将手机用作全能相机是普遍现象而非特例。根据民意调查公司盖洛普（Gallup）2022年的数据，97%的美国成年人拥有智能手机。而这些手机上的相机越来越好。

'A phone can do so much more than take a photo.'“手机能做的远不只拍照。”

Julie Rae Powers, 33, a Columbus, Ohio-based photographer, argues that some of these secondary cameras, particularly mirrorless and film options, just cost too much to justify their advantages.

33岁的俄亥俄州哥伦布市摄影师朱莉·雷·鲍尔斯（Julie Rae Powers）表示，其中一些备用相机，特别是无反和胶片相机，它们的优点配不上其过高的价格。

Then there's the fear of wasting film. While camera phones let you shoot basically endlessly (at least until you run out of cloud storage), Mx. Powers pointed out, “the stakes…are higher with slower forms of photography.”

另外还有浪费胶片的担忧。手机让你基本上可以无限拍摄（至少直到你的云存储用完），鲍尔斯指出，“在较慢的摄影形式中，成本更高。”

As many noted, a phone can do so much more than take photos.

正如许多人所指出的，手机可以做的远不止拍照。

20240401研究发现40年来歌词更简单重复性更高了

Song lyrics getting simpler, more repetitive, angry and self-obsessed – study

From: The Guardian

You're not just getting older. Song lyrics really are becoming simpler and more repetitive, according to a study published on Thursday.

你感觉自己变老并非偶然。周四发表的一项研究表明，歌词确实变得越来越浅显直白，且重复性高。

Lyrics have also become angrier and more self-obsessed over the last 40 years, the study found, reinforcing the opinions of cranky ageing music fans everywhere.

此外，研究发现，过去四十年里，歌词表达的情感趋向愤怒且更加专注于自我，这一点也印证了各地古怪老乐迷的观点。

A team of European researchers analysed the words in more than 12,000 English-language songs across the genres of rap, country, pop, R&B and rock from 1980 to 2020.

一个欧洲的研究团队分析了从1980年到2020年12000多首英文歌曲中的歌词，这些歌曲涵盖了说唱、乡村、流行、节奏蓝调和摇滚等类型。

Before detailing how lyrics have become more basic, the study pointed out that US singer-songwriting legend Bob Dylan – who rose to fame in the 1960s – has won a Nobel prize in literature.

在阐明歌词如何变得更加浅显直白之前，该研究首先提到了20世纪60年代声名鹊起的美国歌手、词曲创作传奇人物鲍勃·迪伦（Bob Dylan），荣获诺贝尔文学奖。

Senior study author Eva Zangerle, an expert on recommendation systems at Austria's University of Innsbruck, declined to single out an individual newer artist for having simple lyrics.

该研究的资深作者伊娃·赞格勒（Eva Zangerle）是奥地利因斯布鲁克大学（University of Innsbruck）的一名推荐系统专家，她未指明哪位新兴艺人的歌词较简洁。

But she emphasised that lyrics can be a “mirror of society” which reflect how a culture's values, emotions and preoccupations change over time.

但她强调，歌词可以成为“社会的一面镜子”，反映文化的价值观、情感和关注点如何随着时间而变化。

“What we have also been witnessing in the last 40 years is a drastic change in the music landscape – from how music is sold to how music is produced,” Zangerle said.

赞格勒说：“在过去的40年里，我们也见证了音乐领域的巨大变化——从音乐的销售方式到音乐的制作方式。”

Over the 40 years studied, there was repeated upheaval in how people listened to music. The vinyl records and cassette tapes of the 1980s gave way to the CDs of the 90s, then the arrival of the internet led to the algorithm-driven streaming platforms of today.

从1980年到2020年的40年里，人们聆听音乐的方式发生了翻天覆地的变化，从20世纪80年代的黑胶唱片和盒式磁带，到90年代的CD，再到今天互联网时代催生了由算法驱动的流媒体平台。

For the study in the journal Scientific Reports, the researchers looked at the emotions expressed in lyrics, how many different and complicated words were used, and how often they were repeated.

发表于《科学报告》（Scientific Reports）杂志的这项研究中，研究人员探究了歌词中表达的情绪、使用词汇的多样性及复杂性，以及这些词汇的重复频次。

“Across all genres, lyrics had a tendency to become more simple and more repetitive,” Zangerle summarised.

赞格勒总结道：“在各类音乐中，歌词都有变得更浅显直白、重复性高的趋势。”

The results also confirmed previous research which had shown a decrease in positive, joyful lyrics over time and a rise in those that express anger, disgust or sadness.

该结果也证实了之前的研究发现，即随着时间的推移，积极、欢乐的歌词越来越少，而表达愤怒、厌恶或悲伤的歌词越来越多。

Lyrics have also become much more self-obsessed, with words such as “me” or “mine” becoming much more popular.

歌词表达也变得更加专注于自我，“me”（我）或“mine”（我的）等词越来越常见。

The number of repeated lines rose most in rap over the decades, Zangerle said – adding that it obviously had the most lines to begin with.

赞格勒说，几十年来，说唱歌曲中重复的歌词数增加最多，并补充说，显然，说唱歌曲重复的歌词数从一开始就是最多的。

“Rap music has become more angry than the other genres,” she added.

她补充说：“说唱歌曲所表达的比其他类型音乐所表达的变得更加愤怒。”

The researchers also investigated which songs the fans of different genres looked up on the lyric website Genius.

研究人员还探究了不同音乐类型的歌迷在歌词网站Genius上搜索歌曲的情况。

Unlike other genres, rock fans most often looked up lyrics from older songs, rather than new ones.

不同于其他音乐类型，摇滚乐迷更倾向于搜索老歌而不是新歌的歌词。

Rock has tumbled down the charts in recent decades, and this could suggest fans are increasingly looking back to the genre's heyday, rather than its present.

近几十年来，摇滚乐在排行榜上的排名一路下滑，这可能表明越来越多的歌迷将目光投向摇滚乐的鼎盛时期，而非其当下。

Another way that music has changed is that “the first 10-15 seconds are highly decisive for whether we skip the song or not,” Zangerle said.

赞格勒说：“音乐的另一个变化在于，前10-15秒对我们是否跳过这首歌至关重要。”

Previous research has also suggested that people tend to listen to music more in the background these days, she added.

她还指出，先前的研究也表明，如今人们更倾向于将音乐当作背景声音。

Put simply, songs with more choruses that repeat basic lyrics appear to be more popular.

简而言之，那些包含更多重复朴实歌词副歌的歌曲似乎更受欢迎。

“Lyrics should stick easier nowadays, simply because they are easier to memorise,” Zangerle said.

赞格勒说：“如今的歌词应该更易让人经久不忘，因为它们更容易记忆了。”

“This is also something that I experience when I listen to the radio.”

“这也是我在收听广播时的亲身体验。”

20240402长期喝奶茶可能会导致抑郁焦虑？

Rising Addiction to Milk Tea Linked to Depression in Adolescents

From: ScienceAlert

Milk teas – a variety of sweet drinks including bubble tea – have become phenomenally popular in China and other parts of Asia in recent years, and a new study has highlighted some worrying links between the beverage and mental health issues.

近年来，奶茶（包括珍珠奶茶在内的各种甜味饮品）在中国和亚洲其他地区广受欢迎，一项新的研究揭示了这些饮品与心理健康问题之间存在令人担忧的关联。

Researchers from Tsinghua University and the Central University of Finance and Economics in China surveyed 5,281 college students from Beijing, finding that symptoms of milk tea addiction were not only real, but linked to problems such as depression and anxiety.

来自清华大学和中央财经大学的研究人员对北京的5281名大学生进行了调查，发现奶茶成瘾的现象不仅真实存在，而且与抑郁和焦虑等问题有关联。

"Milk tea has experienced tremendous growth in popularity in China, especially among youths," the researchers write in their published paper.

研究人员在发表的论文中写道：“奶茶在中国的受欢迎程度有了极大的增长，尤其是在年轻人当中。”

"Our findings highlighted that milk tea consumption might lead to addiction, and it is associated with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation."

“我们的研究结果突出表明，饮用奶茶可能会导致成瘾，而且与抑郁、焦虑和自杀念头有关联。”

Using a recognized scale of addiction – that looks at factors such as persistent cravings and over-indulgence – the team found evidence that some young people were showing signs of being addicted. Almost half of those surveyed said they had at least one cup of milk tea a week.

通过引入公认的成瘾量表——该量表涵盖了持续渴望和过度沉溺等因素——该研究团队发现，部分年轻人确实表现出了成瘾迹象。近半数的受访者表示，他们每周至少喝一杯奶茶。

As well as extra sugar, milk teas often include caffeine, and concerns have been expressed about how these kinds of drinks can lead to low moods and social isolation in adolescent youngsters.

除了过量的糖分外，奶茶中通常还含有咖啡因，对于这类饮品可能导致青少年情绪低落和社交孤立的担忧也随之增加。

In this study, milk tea consumption was associated with loneliness and depression. While the study wasn't designed to determine the cause, it does highlight a potential problem that needs to be investigated further, especially considering the increasing popularity of these types of drinks.

在这项研究中，饮用奶茶与孤独和抑郁有关联。虽然此研究并未旨在明确这种关联的因果关系，但它无疑凸显了一个值得进一步调查的潜在问题，尤其是在考虑到这些饮品的受欢迎程度日益增长的背景下。

The researchers behind the study suggest youths in China and elsewhere could be using milk tea as a coping mechanism and a way of regulating emotions – and that these drinks could be addictive and damaging in the same way as social media or drugs.

该研究背后的研究人员表示，中国和其他地方的年轻人可能把奶茶作为一种情绪调节的手段和应对机制，而这些饮品可能与社交媒体或毒品一样，具有成瘾性和危害性。

Future research could include larger sample sizes and track milk tea consumption over longer timescales.

未来的研究需扩大样本范围，延长跟踪饮用奶茶的时间线，以更深入地探究这一现象。

"The results indicate that milk tea consumption might lead to addiction symptoms, including frequency, dependence/craving, intention to stop, unable to stop, tolerance, and guilty feelings," the researchers write.

研究团队指出：“研究结果显示，饮用奶茶可能导致包括饮用频率、依赖性/渴求性、想戒、戒不掉、耐受性和罪恶感在内的成瘾症状。”

The team recommends that measures be put in place to guard against both physical and mental problems that might be linked to milk tea, from obesity and tooth decay to addiction and depression.

研究团队建议采取措施防范可能与奶茶有关的身心健康问题，包括肥胖、蛀牙、成瘾和抑郁等。

"Current findings can assist policymakers in developing regulations such as restricting advertising, providing psycho-education, establishing food hygiene standards for such a prosperous youth-dominant consumption industry while protecting their mental health," write the researchers.

研究人员写道：“我们的研究成果能够为政策制定者提供支持，帮助他们针对这个以年轻人为主导、蓬勃发展的消费行业，制定包括限制广告、提供心理健康教育、建立食品卫生标准在内的规范，同时保护年轻人的心理健康。”

20240403愿平安！

Taiwan 7.7 magnitude earthquake: four dead and dozens injured amid landslides and collapsed buildings

From: The Guardian

Taiwan's strongest earthquake in 25 years has killed nine and injured at least 821, causing building collapses, power outages and landslides on the island, and sparking initial tsunami warnings in southern Japan and the Philippines.

中国台湾省发生25年来最强烈的地震，造成9人死亡，至少821人受伤，同时引发了建筑倒塌、电力中断以及山体滑坡。此外，这场地震还触发了日本南部和菲律宾的初步海啸预警。

The quake, given a magnitude of 7.7 by Japan's meteorological agency, struck close to the popular tourist city of Hualien, on Taiwan's eastern coast, damaging buildings and trapping people amid aftershocks following the quake, which started at 7.58am.

震中位于中国台湾省东部海岸著名旅游城市花莲附近，日本气象厅认定此次地震震级为7.7级，地震发生于上午7点58分，随后引发的余震造成建筑物受损，人员被困。

Videos on social media showed children being rescued from collapsed residential buildings. One five-storey building in Hualien appeared heavily damaged, its first floor collapsed and the bulk of the building leaning at a 45-degree angle.

社交媒体上的视频显示，有儿童从倒塌的居民楼中获救。花莲一栋五层高的建筑似乎严重受损，一楼塌陷，建筑主体呈45度角倾斜。

Taiwan's Centre for Science and Technology (CST) said people and vehicles were trapped in the Dachingshui tunnel. Train lines were also damaged, and schools and workplaces were closed across large areas of the city.

中国台湾省科技中心表示，有人员和车辆被困在大清水隧道中。火车轨道受损，该市大部分地区的学校和工作场所已关闭。

Witnesses in Hualien described driving while rocks dislodged from nearby mountains fell down around them, while others rushed outside after feeling the strength of the tremors.

据花莲的目击者描述，他们开车时，附近山上滚落的石头从他们身边落下，还有人在感受到强烈震感后冲到外面。

Further north, part of the headland of Guishan Island, a tourist attraction also known as Turtle Island because of its shape, slid into the sea. In Taipei, several people were rescued from a partially collapsed warehouse, and tiles fell from buildings.

再往北，因其外形而得名的龟山岛部分山体脱落入海。在台北，数人从部分倒塌的仓库中获救，一些建筑瓷砖脱落。

Although it was measured at 7.7 in Japan, Taiwan's earthquake monitoring agency gave the magnitude of Wednesday's quake as 7.3, making it Taiwan's strongest since 1999, when a 7.6-magnitude quake 93 miles (150 km) south of Taipei killed 2,400 and injured 10,000.

虽然日本测定地震震级为7.7级，但中国台湾省地震监测机构将这次地震震级定为7.3级，这是自1999年7.6级地震以来台湾省遭遇的最强地震，当时地震发生在台北以南150公里处，造成了2400人遇难，10000人受伤。

Hualien's last big quake was in 2022, when a 6.9-magnitude tremblor toppled buildings and derailed a train, killing one person and cutting off power for thousands of residents.

花莲上一次发生大地震是在2022年，当时6.9级地震导致建筑物倒塌，一列火车脱轨，造成一人死亡，数千居民断电。

Wednesday's quake caused TSMC, Taiwan's leading semiconductor manufacturer, that is responsible for the production of most of the world's advanced semiconductors, to evacuate its production lines, according to Bloomberg News.

据彭博新闻社报道，周三的地震导致台湾省主要半导体制造商台积电（TSMC）疏散了其生产线。台积电是世界上大多数先进半导体的生产商。

Taiwan's CST said more than 15 aftershocks exceeding a magnitude of 4.0 had occurred so far, but the magnitude has been decreasing.

台湾省科技中心表示，到目前为止，已发生超过15次4.0级以上余震，不过震级正逐渐减弱。

Damage was visible on some buildings in central Taipei, such as outside the Howard Plaza hotel, where the earthquake had damaged brickwork and dislodged some of the lettering on the hotel's sign.

台北市中心的一些建筑物受损明显，例如福华大饭店（Howard Plaza hotel）外部，砖石受损，酒店招牌上部分字母脱落。

Mike Hung Hsu, a hotel guest from the US, said he was woken up by the earthquake. “I've never felt this kind of earthquake in LA, even though we have earthquakes pretty often,” he said.

来自美国的酒店客人Mike Hung Hsu说，他是被地震惊醒的。“虽然洛杉矶经常发生地震，但我从未感受过这种震级的地震，”他说。

20240404关于降低死亡率的研究

How to Lower Deaths Among Women? Give Away Cash.

From: The New York Times, May 31, 2023

Cash grants made directly to poor families or individuals have led to fewer deaths among women and young children, according to a new analysis of more than 7 million people in 37 countries.

根据一项对37个国家超过700万人展开的研究，直接向贫困家庭或个人提供现金补助可以减少妇女和幼儿的死亡人数。

In countries that began making such payments, deaths among women fell by 20 percent, and deaths among children younger than 5 declined by 8 percent, researchers reported on Wednesday in the journal Nature. The impact was apparent within two years of the programs' start and grew over time.

《自然》杂志发表的一篇报告显示，在开始支付此类费用的国家中，女性死亡率下降了20%，五岁以下儿童的死亡率下降了8%。这种影响在项目开始后的两年内就已经明显显现，并随着时间的推移而增加。

The reductions in death rates were similar whether the funds came with certain conditions, such as school attendance, or whether they had no strings attached, the analysis found. Programs that covered bigger shares of the population or distributed larger amounts of cash produced even greater benefits.

分析发现，无论资金是否附带某些条件（如要求小孩上学），死亡率的降低都很相似。覆盖更多人口或发放更多现金的项目得到的效果更好。

Countries with poor health care and high death rates had the biggest drop in deaths.

卫生保健条件差、死亡率高的国家死亡人数下降最多。

In 2019, more than 8 percent of the world's population lived in extreme poverty, subsisting on less than $2.15 per day, and about half the world on less than $6.85 per day. Poverty has insidious effects on housing stability, education, health and life expectancy.

2019年，全球超过8%的人口生活在极端贫困中，每天的生活费不到2.15美元，全球大约一半的人口每天的生活费不到6.85美元。贫困对住房的稳定性、教育、健康和预期寿命都有潜在影响。

The pandemic drove 97 million additional people into extreme poverty in 2020, according to a World Bank estimate, prompting more countries to start cash transfer programs. Of 962 such programs worldwide, 672 were introduced during the pandemic.

据世界银行估计，2020年，新冠疫情使全球9700万人陷入极端贫困，促使更多国家启动现金发放计划。在全球962个此类项目中，有672个是在大流行期间推出的。

The new study is the first to examine the effect of cash transfers on death rates worldwide, the researchers said. They collected information on these programs between 2000 to 2019 in 29 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, one in northern Africa, four in the Asia-Pacific region and three in Latin America and the Caribbean.

研究人员表示，这项新研究首次检验了发放现金对全球死亡率的影响。他们在2000年至2019年间收集了29个撒哈拉以南非洲国家、一个北非国家、四个亚太地区国家及三个拉丁美洲和加勒比地区国家的此类项目的信息。

The data included information on more than 4 million adults and nearly 3 million children. Roughly 300,000 deaths were recorded during the study. Recipients received between 6 percent and 13 percent of the per capita income in a particular country, often much less than $100.

他们共录得超过400万成年人和近300万儿童的信息，研究期间有大约30万人死亡。受助人会获得特定国家人均收入6%到13%的现金，通常远低于100美元。

Donors often worry that beneficiaries may misuse the funds to buy alcohol, junk food or other nonessential items, but “the data just doesn't back that up,” said Audrey Pettifor, a social epidemiologist at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

捐赠者经常担心受助人可能会滥用资金购买酒精、垃圾食品或其他非必需品，但“数据并没有证明这一点”，北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校的社会流行病学家奥黛丽·佩蒂弗说。

The findings suggest that cash transfers may be helpful not just to women, but to families and entire communities.

此外，研究结果表明，现金发放可能不仅对女性有帮助，对家庭和整个社区都有帮助。

20240405别再问孩子“长大后你想做什么”

Stop Asking Kids What They Want to Be When They Grow Up

From: The New York Times

“What do you want to be when you grow up?”

“长大后你想做什么？”

When I was a kid, I dreaded the question. I never had a good answer. Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn't dreaming of becoming something grand or heroic, like a filmmaker or an astronaut.

在我的孩提时代，我害怕这个问题。我从未给出一个好的回答。大人们似乎总是非常失望，因为我并没有梦想成为什么大人物或是英雄，比如电影人或是宇航员。

In college, I finally realized that I didn't want to be one thing. I wanted to do many things. So I found a workaround: I became an organizational psychologist. My job is to fix other people's jobs. I get to experience them vicariously — I've gotten to explore how filmmakers blaze new trails and how astronauts build trust. And I've become convinced that asking youngsters what they want to be does them a disservice.

在大学里，我终于意识到我不想做某一件事。我想做很多事情。所以我找到了一个变通方法：我成为了一名组织心理学家。我的工作是去改善别人的工作。我得以间接体验到它们——我已得以探索电影人如何探索新路、宇航员如何建立信任。并且我已经确信，问孩子们他们想做什么是对他们的一种伤害。

My first beef with the question is that it forces kids to define themselves in terms of work. When you're asked what you want to be when you grow up, it's not socially acceptable to say, “A father,” or, “A mother,” let alone, “A person of integrity.” This might be one of the reasons many parents say their most important value for their children is to care about others, yet their kids believe that top value is success. When we define ourselves by our jobs, our worth depends on what we achieve.

对于这个问题我的第一个不满是，它逼迫孩子们用一种工作来定义自己。当你被问到长大以后想做什么时，回答“一个父亲”、“一个母亲”在社交意义上是不可接受的，更不要说“一个正直的人”了。这可能是为什么许多家长声称，他们自己认为孩子最重要的价值是关心他人，但他们的孩子认为最重要的是成功。当我们用职业来定义自己时，我们的价值取决于我们取得了什么成就。

The second problem is the implication that there is one calling out there for everyone. Although having a calling can be a source of joy, research shows that searching for one leaves students feeling lost and confused. And even if you're lucky enough to stumble onto a calling, it might not be a viable career. My colleagues and I have found that callings often go unanswered: Many career passions don't pay the bills, and many of us just don't have the talent. After the comedian Chris Rock heard an administrator tell entering high schoolers they could be anything they want to be, he asked, “Lady, why are you lying to these children?” Maybe four of them could be anything they want to be. But the other 2,000 had better learn how to weld. He added: “Tell the kids the truth. You can be anything you're good at — as long as they're hiring.”

第二个问题在于这样一种暗示，即人人都有属于自己的一样天职。尽管拥有天职会是一种欢乐之源，但研究显示，寻找天职会让学生们感到迷茫和困惑。而且即便你足够幸运碰上了一样天职，它也可能不是个可行的职业。我和同事已经发现，天职的召唤常常得不到回应：很多职业梦想无法支付账单，并且我们中的很多人就是没有那个天赋。喜剧演员克里斯·洛克(Chris Rock)在听到一名管理人员告诉刚入校的高中生，他们可以成为任何他们想成为的人时，他问道，“女士，你为什么要骗这些孩子？”也许他们中有四人可能会成为任何他们想成为的人。但其他2000人最好学会怎么焊接。他接着说：“跟孩子说实话。你可以去做任何你擅长的事——前提是他们在招人。”

If you manage to overcome those obstacles, there is a third hurdle: Careers rarely live up to your childhood dreams. In one study, looking for the ideal job left college seniors feeling more anxious, stressed, overwhelmed and depressed throughout the process — and less satisfied with the outcome. As Tim Urban writes, happiness is reality minus expectations. If you're looking for bliss, you're bound to be disappointed. This explains research showing that people who graduate from college during a recession are more satisfied with their work three decades later: They don't take it for granted that they have a job.

如果你能克服这些障碍，还有第三道：职业很少能达到你童年梦想的期望。在一项研究中，寻找理想工作让高年级大学生在整个过程中感到更加焦虑、压抑、无力和沮丧——并对结果更加不满。如蒂姆·厄本(Tim Urban)所写，幸福等于现实状况减去期望值。如果你寻找的是狂喜，那么你注定会失望。这可以解释这样的研究，它表明在经济衰退期毕业的大学生30年后工作满足感会更强：他们不觉得有份工作是理所当然的事情。

The upside of low expectations is that they erase the gap between what we wanted and what we got. Extensive evidence shows that instead of painting a rosy picture of a job, you're better off going in with a realistic preview of what it's really like, warts and all. Sure, you might be a little less excited to take it, but on average you end up more productive and less likely to quit. Oprah said it best: “Your job is not always going to fulfill you.”

低期望值的一个好处是，它们能消弭我们所想与所得之间的差距。大量证据表明，与其把一份工作想象得很美好，还不如在入职时贴合实际地预想一下它真实的样子，并且毫无保留。当然，你在接手时可能会少些激动，但平均而言，你最后的收获会更大，也不容易退出。奥普拉说得好：“你的工作永远不会让你感到满足。”

I'm all for encouraging youngsters to aim high and dream big. But take it from someone who studies work for a living: those aspirations should be bigger than work. Asking kids what they want to be leads them to claim a career identity they might never want to earn. Instead, invite them to think about what kind of person they want to be — and about all the different things they might want to do.

我完全支持年轻人力争上游、志存高远。但听听以研究“工作”为生的人的建议吧：这些志向应当不局限于工作。问孩子他们想当什么会使他们去追求一个他们也许永远都不想争取的职业身份。相反，请他们思考一下他们想成为什么样的人——并想想他们可能想做的各种不同的事情。

20240406霉霉登福布斯全球亿万富豪榜

Taylor Swift among 141 new billionaires in ‘amazing year for rich people’

From: The Guardian

There are more billionaires than ever before. The world has 2,781 people with fortunes exceeding $1bn (￡800m), an increase of 141 on 2023, according to Forbes’ annual ranking of the world’s richest people – with Taylor Swift among those making the list.

如今，全球亿万富翁人数达到了前所未有的水平。根据《福布斯》（Forbes）年度全球富豪榜，全球拥有超过10亿美元（8亿英镑）财富的人数为2781人，比2023年增加了141人，泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）也榜上有名。

The billionaires are also collectively worth more than ever, with combined assets estimated at $14.2tn – a $2tn increase on 2023 and more than the GDP of every country except the US and China.

这些亿万富翁们的总财富也创下了新高，总资产估值高达14.2万亿美元，较去年增加了2万亿美元，这一数额超越了除美国与中国之外的所有国家GDP总和。

Their collective wealth has risen by 120% in the past decade, at the same time as billions of people across the world have seen their living standards decrease in the face of inflation and the cost of living crisis.

在过去十年中，他们的总财富增长了120%，而与此同时，全球数十亿人的生活水平却因通货膨胀和生活成本危机而下降。

“It’s been an amazing year for the world’s richest people, with more billionaires around the world than ever before,” said Chase Peterson-Withorn, Forbes’ wealth editor. “A record-breaking 14 centibillionaires [$100bn] have 12-figure fortunes. Even during times of financial uncertainty for many, the super-rich continue to thrive.”

《福布斯》财富编辑蔡斯·彼得森-维索恩（Chase Peterson-Withorn）表示：“对于世界上最富有的人来说，这是令人惊叹的一年，全球亿万富翁人数比以往任何时候都多。拥有至少1000亿美元（12位数字）财富的‘千亿富豪’人数创纪录地达到了14人。即使在许多人面临金融不确定性的时期，超级富豪们的财富增长仍未曾停歇。”

Equality campaigners said the “staggering wealth” being accumulated by the super-rich should lead to urgent efforts “to spread this wealth more evenly, proportionately and efficiently”.

平等运动倡导者们表示，超级富豪们积累的“惊人财富”应当促使人们迫切采取行动，“更加均衡、成比例及有效地重新分配这些财富”。

Daisy Pearson, of the campaign group Global Justice Now, said: “It is utterly unconscionable that at a time where masses of the world’s population are living in dire poverty, a few individuals are allowed to amass staggering wealth. This is only possible through exploitation, and their monopolisation of wealth and resources further allows them to amass huge power and influence over decisions that affect our everyday lives. Enough is enough – we should be regulating these barons out of existence.”

“Global Justice Now”组织的黛熙·皮尔森（Daisy Pearson）说：“在世界大部分人口生活在极度贫困中的时候，少数人却可以积累惊人的财富，这完全是不合情理的。这只能通过剥削实现，他们对财富和资源的垄断进一步让他们获得巨大的权力和影响力，对我们日常生活中的决策产生深远的影响。不能再这样下去了——我们应该制定法规，终结这些富豪们的时代。”

Luke Hildyard, the executive director for the High Pay Centre thinktank, said: “The billionaire list is essentially an annual calculation of how much of the wealth created by the global economy is captured by a tiny caste of oligarchs rather than being used to benefit humanity as a whole. It should be the most urgent mission of the coming decades to spread this wealth more evenly, proportionately and efficiently.”

“High Pay Centre”智库执行董事卢克·希尔德亚德（Luke Hildyard）表示：“每年的亿万富翁榜本质上是计算全球经济产出的财富有多少被一小撮寡头所攫取，而不是用来造福全人类。未来几十年最紧迫的任务应该是更均衡、更成比例、更有效地分配这些财富。”

Taylor Swift is one of 265 newcomers to feature on Forbes’ list this year. Swift, 34, reached the milestone with an estimated $1.1bn fortune following her record-breaking Eras tour and concert film.

泰勒·斯威夫特是今年福布斯榜单上265位新面孔之一。34岁的泰勒·斯威夫特凭借其创纪录的Eras巡回演唱会和演唱会电影，以约11亿美元的财富登上了榜单。

The Eras tour, a 44-plus song mega-concert that stretched to nearly three and a half hours, generated more than $700m in ticket sales in the US alone, according to Bloomberg; that’s before including the 89-date international leg.

据彭博社报道，Eras巡回演唱会是一场长达近三个半小时、包含44首歌曲的大型演唱会，仅在美国的门票收入就超过了7亿美元，这还不包括89天的国际巡演。

The richest person on the planet is Bernard Arnault, the majority owner of the luxury goods conglomerate LVMH, whose fortune, according to Forbes, increased by 10% to $233bn. Elon Musk is in second place with $195bn, an 8% increase on last year.

全球首富是奢侈品巨头酩悦·轩尼诗-路易·威登集团（LVMH）的大股东伯纳德·阿诺特（Bernard Arnault），根据《福布斯》的数据，他的财富增加了10%，达到2330亿美元。埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）以1950亿美元的财富排名第二，比去年增加了8%。

20240407法国跳水运动员当着马克龙的面摔进水池

French diver laments toe-curling fall 'in front of the president, in front of the whole of France'

From: CNN

French diver Alexis Jandard suffered a mishap on Thursday when he fell off the diving board in front of President Emmanuel Macron during an Olympic pool inauguration.

周四，法国跳水运动员亚历克西斯·詹达德（Alexis Jandard）在奥运会泳池启用仪式上，当着埃马纽埃尔·马克龙（Emmanuel Macron）总统的面从跳板上摔了下来。

Preparing to dive off the three-meter (9.8-foot) springboard alongside two other divers, the 26-year-old lost his footing, landed on his back and bounced off the board while the divers next to him performed their twisting dives neatly into the pool.

在准备与另外两名跳水运动员一起从三米（9.8英尺）跳板上跳下时，这位26岁的跳水运动员失去了平衡，四脚朝天，从跳板上弹了起来，而他旁边的跳水运动员则整齐划一地完成了旋转跳水动作。

“I slipped, boss,” he posted on his Instagram stories afterward, with a photo of red marks across his back, referencing a quote from the French war-comedy movie series “La Septième Compagnie,” in which a soldier frequently trips over.

后来他在自己的Instagram限时动态（Story）上发布了一张他背部留下了红色痕印的照片，并引用了法国战争喜剧系列电影《深入敌后搞搞震》中的台词写道，“我滑倒了，老板。”在这部电影中，一名士兵经常绊倒。

“I had a bit of weakness in my leg, and that made me fall. I fell in front of the president, in front of the whole of France,” Jandard added on his Instagram stories.

“我的腿有点软，这让我摔倒了。我摔倒在总统面前，在全法国人民面前，”詹达德在他的Instagram限时动态中补充道。

“I'm getting loads of messages, I can't believe it. So enjoy yourselves, make fun of me. I seriously deserve it!”

“我收到了很多留言，我简直不敢相信。所以想取笑我，就尽情享受吧。我确实是自作自受！”

Jandard was performing at the inauguration of the Olympic Aquatic Centre in the Paris suburb of Saint-Denis, one of the facilities built specially for the city's Olympic Games this summer.

詹达德是在巴黎郊区圣德尼奥林匹克水上运动中心落成典礼上跳水的，该水上运动中心是巴黎为今年夏季奥运会专门建造的场馆之一。

“My back is fine but my ego…,” Jandard joked on X, formerly known as Twitter.

“我的背部没事，但我的自尊心……”詹达德在X（原推特）上调侃道。

An experienced diver, Jandard won silver and bronze medals at the 2022 and 2023 World Championships, respectively, and also competed at the 2020 Olympic Games.

作为一名经验丰富的跳水运动员，詹达德曾在2022年和2023年世锦赛上分别获得银牌和铜牌，还参加过2020年奥运会。

“I want to reassure everyone that everything's ok, I didn't hurt myself,” he told his Instagram followers. “There was a bit of blood but nothing serious, it hasn't stopped me from going to train this afternoon.”

“请大家放心，一切都很好，我没有受伤，”他在Instagram上告诉自己的粉丝。“虽然有点出血，但没什么大碍，下午我还去训练了。”

French diver slips on springboard, falls into pool during Paris Olympics inauguration

From: USA TODAY

Divers know that once they hit the springboard or platform, one little slip-up can mean disaster.

跳水运动员都知道，一旦登上跳板或跳台，一个小小的失误就可能意味着大灾难。

Alexis Jandard found out the hard way this week when he slipped off the springboard Thursday while at the inauguration of the Paris Aquatics Centre.

本周，亚历克西斯·詹达德（Alexis Jandard）在巴黎水上运动中心落成典礼上从跳板上滑落，才深刻体会到了这一点。

The Paris Aquatics Centre is one of the venues that will be used for the Olympic Games later this summer.

巴黎水上中心是今年夏季奥运会将使用的场馆之一。

Luckily, Jandard was not seriously injured in the fall, just a little embarrassed, as French President Emmanuel Macron was in attendance.

幸运的是，詹达德在摔倒时没有受重伤，只是有点尴尬，因为法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙（Emmanuel Macron）也出席了活动。

Jandard can be seen bouncing twice on the 3-meter springboard before slipping and hitting his lower back, which caused him to fall into the pool.

可以看到，詹达德在三米跳板上弹跳了两下后滑倒，撞到了腰部，跌入泳池。

He added that he was bleeding from the fall but will continue to train.

他补充说，虽然跌倒后流了点血，但他还会继续训练。

"I fell in front of the president. I fell in front of the whole of France," Jandard said on Instagram. "I would have preferred this ceremony to have gone well from start to finish. There was that little hitch. If it made people smile a little, so much the better."

“我在总统面前，在全法国人民面前摔倒了，”詹达德在Instagram上说。“我本希望这次仪式能从头到尾顺利进行，只是出了这么个小差错。如果能让人们笑一笑，那也算是不错。”

Jandard won a silver medal at the 2022 World Championships in the team event, a bronze in the men's synchronized 3-meter springboard at the 2023 World Championships, and he also competed for France at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

詹达德在2022年世界锦标赛团体赛中获得银牌，在2023年世界锦标赛男子双人三米跳板中获得铜牌，并代表法国参加了2020年东京奥运会。

20240408天水麻辣烫怎么就火了

Chinese City Seizes on Spicy Food Frenzy, Before Crowds Fade

From: Bloomberg

The influx of tourists to the Chinese city was sudden and overwhelming. Government offices opened their normally restricted parking lots to accommodate the surge. Railway operators extended train services. Officials held a snap meeting to discuss what to do next.

大量游客突然涌入这座中国城市，令人应接不暇。政府机关开放了平时限制使用的停车场以应对游客潮的涌入。铁路运营商延长了列车服务时间。官员们召开紧急会议，讨论下一步的应对措施。

All this over a 15 yuan ($2.10) bowl of meat and vegetables mixed with a tongue-numbing spicy sauce.

这一切都是一碗售价15元（约2.10美元）麻辣烫（肉和菜混合着麻辣酱）简餐引起的。

The frenetic scene unfolded in the Chinese city of Tianshui over the past week as it raced to capitalize on a food trend to attract more visitors.

在过去的一周里，中国天水市掀起了一股美食热潮，以吸引更多的游客。

Tianshui, an ancient Silk Road hub of some 2.9 million people in the northwestern province of Gansu, rolled out the red carpets after its version of the street food malatang went viral.

天水是古丝绸之路的枢纽，位于甘肃省西北部，人口约290万，在其街头小吃“麻辣烫”走红后，天水便铺上了红地毯迎接游客。

The dish, which originates in Sichuan, is like a soupless version of hotpot. It became a sensation after a university student posted a clip of the dish over the Lunar New Year that's been reposted more than 1.9 million times. The dry pot has won attention as far off as New York City, and has spawned regional variations across China.

该菜品起源于四川，像是没有汤的火锅。一名大学生在春节期间发布了一段关于该菜品的视频之后引起了轰动，该视频被转发了190多万次。这种麻辣烫在远至纽约的地方都受到了关注，并在中国各地衍生出不同的地方特色。

Tianshui's version features a sauce made of dried pepper that only grows in the Gangu county of Gansu, one of China's poorest provinces. A local newspaper describes its taste as slightly sweet, with the aroma of meat, fruits and honey.

天水版的特色在于其酱汁是由干胡椒制成的，而干胡椒只生长在中国最贫穷的省份之一甘肃省甘谷县。当地一家报纸形容其味道微甜，带有肉类、水果和蜂蜜的香气。

The city's efforts to capitalize seem to be paying off. Online travel agency Tongcheng Travel Holdings said searches for Tianshui as a tourist destination soared 616% in the seven days to Wednesday, compared to the week earlier. Hotel bookings on the firm's website jumped 76% on the same period in 2023, the most in nearly three years.

该市的努力似乎已见成效。在线旅行社同程旅行控股有限公司称，截至周三的七天内，天水作为旅游目的地的搜索量与一周前相比飙升了616%。该公司网站上的酒店预订量比2023年同期跃升了76%，是近三年来最高的。

Shares of Tianshui Zhongxing Bio-technology Co., a local producer of mushrooms — a popular malatang ingredient — jumped to its highest level since September on Monday.

周一，天水众兴菌业科技股份有限公司的股价跃升至9月份以来的最高水平，该公司是当地一家蘑菇生产商，而蘑菇是一种受欢迎的麻辣烫原料。

Feng Wenge, the local chief, urged officials to “push for the grand development of Tianshui by taking advantage of a bowl of spicy malatang.” Seizing the moment, the city's bus operator arranged services to take people straight from the train station to restaurants.

天水市委书记冯文戈敦促官员们努力实现“一碗麻辣烫推动天水大发展”。该市公交运营商抓住了这一时机，安排了将人们从火车站直接送往餐馆的服务。

Cash-strapped Chinese cities like Tianshui have every reason to try to make the most of every opportunity to make money.

对于像天水这样经济拮据的中国城市而言，充分利用每一个赚钱机会是非常必要的。

China is no stranger to food fads – every city seems to have its own special fare that visitors just must try. But since the pandemic ended some places have tried to cash in on people's interest in a quick, cheap trip to sample, say, barbecue skewers in Zibo, in the east.

中国对美食风潮并不陌生——每个城市似乎都有自己的特色美食，游客们一定要尝一尝。但是自从疫情结束以来，一些地方试图利用人们对快速廉价旅行的兴趣来赚钱，比如去东部的淄博品尝烧烤。

Tianshui's food fame likely won't be enough to turn its finances around, especially if the example of Zibo is anything to go by. The city has recently seen a drop in tourists, with restaurants slashing jobs or even closing.

天水的美食名气可能不足以扭转其财政状况，尤其是如果淄博的例子可以作为借鉴的话。最近，该市的游客数量有所下降，餐馆纷纷裁员甚至关门。

“Local governments need to think about ways to create more tourism activities that offer better experience – it could be a night market, a museum of local culture,”said Chen Xin, head of China leisure and transport research at UBS Securities Co. “Otherwise the craze in Tianshui may be as short-lived as in Zibo.”

瑞银证券中国休闲及交通运输行业研究主管陈欣表示：“地方政府仍需想办法创造更多的旅游活动并提供更好的体验，这可以是一个夜市、一家当地文化博物馆等。否则，天水的热潮可能和淄博一样，转瞬即逝。”

There are already signs the euphoria is already fading, at least with investors. The mushroom firm Tianshui Zhongxing's shares have slid more than 8% since its Monday high.

至少对投资者来说，这股热潮似乎已开始消退。自周一高点以来，天水众兴菌业科技股份有限公司的股票已下跌逾8%。

20240409“离婚钻戒”火了！

Emily Ratajkowski Repurposed Her Engagement Ring Into 'Divorce Rings'

From: VOGUE

You've heard of engagement rings—but have you ever heard of divorce rings? They're the latest poignant pieces that Emily Ratajkowski has added to her personal jewelry box this year.

你听过订婚戒指，但你有听过离婚戒指吗？这是艾米丽·拉塔科夫斯基（Emily Ratajkowski）今年新添入她珠宝盒中的独特首饰。

Following the model's 2022 divorce from Sebastian Bear-McClard—with whom she shares a son, Sylvester—Ratajkowski recently decided to repurpose her former engagement ring into two new ring styles, changing the original intention and sentiment around them. She debuted the so-called divorce rings on Instagram earlier this morning. “The rings represent my own personal evolution,” Ratajkowski tells Vogue in an exclusive interview. “I don't think a woman should be stripped of her diamonds just because she's losing a man.”

艾米丽于2022年与塞巴斯蒂安·贝尔-麦克拉德（Sebastian Bear-McClard）离婚后（两人育有一子），她最近决定将原本的订婚戒指重新改造成两款新的戒指，改变了戒指的初衷和情感。今天早些时候她在Instagram上首次展示了这些所谓的离婚戒指。“这些戒指代表了我的个人变化，”艾米丽在接受《Vogue》专访时说道。“我认为一个女人不应该因为失去一个男人而被剥夺她的钻石。”

The idea to repurpose the rings struck Ratajkowski while reading her friend Stephanie Danler's essay “The Unravelers” in The Paris Review. “[It] includes the story of her grandmother's snake ring—a ring that is made up of the different stones from her various marriages,” says Ratajkowski. “I loved the idea of a ring unabashedly representing the many lives a woman has lived.” Ratajkowski then approached her jeweler friend Alison Chemla—the creative director behind fine-jewelry brand Alison Lou—to collaborate on her new concept. Chemla was the perfect person for the project, given that she designed Ratajkowski's original engagement ring. “Emily and I spent a lot of time talking about what she wanted and how she wanted to feel when wearing the rings,” Chemla says.

艾米丽在阅读她的朋友斯蒂芬妮·丹勒（Stephanie Danler）在《巴黎评论》的文章时萌生了改造戒指的想法。艾米丽说：“文章里面提到她祖母戒指的故事，这枚戒指由她祖母在不同段婚姻中的不同宝石所组成。我喜欢这样的想法：一枚戒指毫不掩饰地代表了一个女人的多种生活。”后来，艾米丽想到了她的珠宝设计师朋友艾莉森·凯姆拉（Alison Chemla）——精品珠宝品牌Alison Lou的创意总监——想合作设计这样的新概念。凯姆拉是这个项目的最佳人选，因为就是她设计了艾米丽最初的订婚戒指。“艾米丽和我花了很多时间讨论她想要什么，以及她佩戴戒指时想要的感受，”凯姆拉这么说。

To give Ratajkowski's divorce jewelry an entirely new feel, the duo landed on separating the engagement ring into two rings. “The idea of divorce is a separation, so it was always going to be splitting the ring into two separate but complementary rings,” Chemla says. Both pieces incorporated the original engagement rings' existing stones (one is a pear-shaped diamond, and the other is a princess-cut diamond) as well as platinum and 18-karat yellow gold settings. “Using the pear-shaped diamond as a pinky ring gave it real oomph,” the designer adds. “For the princess cut, we wanted to make it feel like a larger stone, so we added two trapezoid stones on either side.”

为了赋予艾米丽的离婚戒指全新的感觉，她们决定将订婚戒指分成两个戒指。“离婚的概念是一种分离，所以我打算将戒指分成两枚独立但互补的戒指。”凯姆拉说道。两枚戒指都采用了原订婚戒指上的宝石（一颗是梨形钻石，另一颗是公主方型切割钻石），以及铂金和18K黄金镶嵌底座。“将梨形钻石设计成小指戒会让戒指更有魅力，对于公主方形切割钻石，我们想让它感觉像一颗更大的钻石，所以我们在两侧各加了两颗梯形钻石。”

Reference-wise, Ratajkowski says the silhouette of the two new rings took inspiration from—who else?—Rihanna. “I was very inspired by Rihanna's diamond pinky-toe ring—I liked the idea of my former wedding ring ending up on my pinky,” Ratajkowski says. “The princess cut was more challenging. Alison and I worked together to find something that felt fresh but also timeless.” She also wanted something completely different from the toi et moi ring she was proposed to with. “I was over the original design because it has been copied so many times,” she says. “It didn't feel special anymore. [Now] I love them so much I haven't been able to take them off—I've been sleeping with them on.”

艾米丽说，两枚新戒指的轮廓灵感来自蕾哈娜（Rihanna），“蕾哈娜戴的钻石小指戒给了我很大的启发，我喜欢我以前的结婚戒指戴在小指上的感觉。公主方形切割钻石更具挑战性。凯姆拉和我一起努力，寻找一种既新鲜又永恒的感觉。”她想要的是一款与当初被求婚的双石戒指完全不同的戒指。“我已经不再喜欢原来的设计了，因为它已经被复制了太多次，感觉不再特别了。我太爱改造后的新戒指，我一直戴着它们睡觉，都舍不得摘下来。”

While coming up with the sleek new pieces was a fun design challenge for the duo, the deeper meaning behind the design process infused the pieces with a special feel. “It was a fun project to work on together amidst a hugely transitional period in my life,” says Ratajkowski. “The ring became symbolic to me—some kind of token or evidence of my life becoming my own again.” When she first put it on, Ratajkowski admits she felt a sense of power, in using accessorizing to change the narrative around divorce and moving on. “It's been a crazy couple of years, and finally I feel a sense of peace within myself and about the life and future I have and will continue to build with my son,” she says. “Somehow, these rings feel like a reminder that I can make myself happy in ways I never imagined.”

对两人来说，设计出时尚新品是有趣的设计挑战，而设计过程背后的深层含义，则为这两枚戒指注入了特别的感觉。“在我人生的一个重要转折期，共同完成这项设计非常有趣。”艾米丽说：“离婚戒指对我来说具有象征意义：我重新成为我自己生活的重心。”艾米丽说，当她第一次戴上离婚戒指时，她感受到了一种力量，她也希望可以以此改变人们对离婚和继续生活的看法。她说：“疯狂的几年过后，我终于感受到内心的平静，感受到我已经拥有并将继续与儿子一起创造的生活和未来。不知怎的，这些戒指就像在提醒我，我可以用自己从未想象过的方式让自己快乐。”

20240410网易暴雪复婚

Microsoft and NetEase to re-launch Warcraft game in China, ending feud

From: Reuters

Chinese video games giant NetEase said it is working with Microsoft to bring popular games including “World of Warcraft” back to the country after a public fallout that ended a decade-long partnership in 2023.

中国电子游戏巨头网易公司（NetEase）宣布，继2023年终止长达十年的合作关系后，网易公司正在与微软合作，将包括《魔兽世界》（World of Warcraft）在内的热门游戏重新引入中国市场。

The two companies said in press release on Wednesday that they are working to bring games developed by Blizzard Entertainment, a subsidiary of U.S. gaming giant Activision Blizzard which Microsoft acquired last year, back to the world’s second-largest economy, starting this summer. NetEase was the publisher of Blizzard’s games in China from 2008 to 2023.

两家公司于周三在新闻稿中表示，他们正致力于在今年夏季将由美国游戏巨头动视暴雪旗下子公司暴雪娱乐开发的游戏重新引入中国市场这个世界第二大经济体中。从2008年到2023年，网易一直是暴雪游戏在中国的发行商。

“We at Blizzard are thrilled to reestablish our partnership with NetEase and to work together, with deep appreciation for the collaboration between our teams, to deliver legendary gaming experiences to players in China,” said Johanna Faries, president of Blizzard Entertainment.

暴雪娱乐总裁乔安娜·法瑞斯（Johanna Faries）表示：“暴雪的同事们都非常高兴能够再次与网易结成合作伙伴，并深切感谢双方团队的通力合作，以携手为中国玩家带来优异的游戏体验。”

Additionally, Microsoft and NetEase said they have also entered into an agreement to explore bringing new NetEase titles to Microsoft’s Xbox gaming consoles and its other gaming platforms.

此外，微软和网易表示，双方还达成了一项协议，尝试将新的网易游戏带到Xbox及其他平台。

A number of popular online games developed by Blizzard were taken offline in China last year after the company terminated its lucrative, 14-year-long partnership with NetEase, citing disagreement over intellectual property control.

暴雪去年终止了与网易长达14年的合作关系，称双方在知识产权控制方面存在分歧，随后暴雪开发的多款热门网络游戏在中国下线。

The incident escalated into an open feud that saw the two companies sue each other. Tension eased after Microsoft acquired Activision Blizzard in October, which was followed by changes to the latter’s management.

这一事件升级为公开纠纷，两家公司相互起诉。微软于10月份收购动视暴雪后，动视暴雪管理层发生了变化，双方紧张关系有所缓和。

Local Chinese media reported late last year that NetEase and Microsoft were seeking ways to bury the hatchet and re-launch the games in China.

中国当地媒体去年年底报道称，网易和微软正在寻求和解，并计划在中国重新推出这些游戏。

The exit of Blizzard games was closely watched because Blizzard’s games were highly popular in China. Chinese media said “World of Warcraft” alone had five million Chinese gamers in 2009 after NetEase became the publisher.

暴雪游戏的退出受到了密切关注，因为暴雪的游戏在中国非常受欢迎。中国媒体报道称，自从网易成为发行商后，《魔兽世界》在2009年就拥有了500万中国玩家。

The press release on Wednesday showed the renewed publishing agreement covers Blizzard’s flagship games “World of Warcraft” and “Hearthstone” as well as other titles in the “Warcraft,” “Overwatch,” “Diablo” and “StarCraft” franchises.

周三的新闻稿显示，更新后的游戏出版协议将涵盖暴雪的旗舰游戏《魔兽世界》和《炉石传说》以及《魔兽争霸》、《守望先锋》、《暗黑破坏神》和《星际争霸》各自游戏宇宙的系列游戏。

The earlier breakup sparked outcry with millions of Chinese netizens complaining online that they would lose access to their favorite games.

此前双方的“分手”引发了公众的强烈反响，数以百万计的中国网友在线上抱怨他们将无法访问自己最喜欢的游戏。

In February 2023, before the games were taken offline, over a million of Chinese gamers requested refunds for unspent services in Blizzard’s games, NetEase customer service said at the time.

网易客服当时表示，2023年2月，在游戏下线之前，超过100万中国玩家要求退还暴雪游戏中未使用的服务费用。

NetEase is China’s second-largest video games company by revenue after Tencent.

网易是中国第二大视频游戏公司，其营收仅次于腾讯。

20240411已经忘了gap怎么拼了

How Taking a Gap Year Can Shape Your Life

From: The New York Times

If your teenager is talking about taking a year away from the classroom between high school and college, you may have Malia Obama to thank for that. But if they're not yet talking about whether to follow her lead, they should be.

如果你家十几岁的孩子说打算在高中和大学的间隙离开课堂一年，那很可能是拜马莉娅·奥巴马（Malia Obama）所赐。但是，他们理应开始考虑要不要跟随她的脚步，如果还没这么想的话。

Taking time off between high school and college or sometime during the undergraduate years, as Ms. Obama is doing before she attends Harvard, has plenty of appeal for high school graduates who don't know what they want out of college or seek to work, travel or volunteer on the sort of schedule that an academic calendar does not allow.

奥巴马在去哈佛之前休学了。有些高中毕业生不知道是为了什么去上大学，或是希望按照学位课程安排所不允许的方案去找工作、旅行，做义工。像奥巴马那样，在高中升大学或是在本科阶段休学一段时间，这种做法对于他们来说非常有吸引力。

Parents, however, often worry themselves sick over such talk. While no one wants to drop a six-figure sum on a teenager who doesn't want to be in school, there are often nagging doubts over whether students who stop for a bit will ultimately get back on track.

但是，这样的谈话往往会令父母担心得要死。如果十几岁的子女不想上学，没人会希望在他们身上投入六位数的求学费用，然而很多人怀疑，如果学生暂停学业一段时间，最终到底还会不会回到求学的轨道上来。

Families seeking data on gap years won't find much. Part of the problem is that federal data on college delay and completion don't measure all the reasons people started college late. While some people make a deliberate choice to delay college to serve in the military or work or travel, others meander for a few years before deciding to try college after all.

你找不到很多关于间隔年的数据。一个问题是关于延迟上大学和毕业的联邦数据并不涵盖人们延迟上大学的所有原因。虽然有些人是有意延迟上大学，去参军、工作或旅行，也有些人只是晃荡了几年，才最终决定去上大学试试。

A number of researchers have shown a connection between a deliberate choice to take some time off and getting better grades upon return to the classroom. Devin G. Pope, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago's Booth School of Business, saw the link among people who had served at a Mormon mission. Bob Clagett, the former dean of admissions at Middlebury College, saw similar results when he helped inspire number-crunching among students there and at the University of North Carolina.

很多研究者发现，故意选择休学一段时间与回到学校后取得更好成绩之间存在联系。芝加哥大学布斯商学院（University of Chicago's Booth School of Business）的行为学教授德温·G·波普（Devin G. Pope）在参与了摩门教传道活动的人中也发现了这种联系。米德尔伯里学院（Middlebury College）的前招生部主任鲍勃·克拉格特（Bob Clagett）在帮助分析该校和北卡罗来纳大学（University of North Carolina）的学生数据时也发现了类似的结果。

Once college is over, however, we enter the realm of anecdotal evidence when it comes to first jobs. Parents worry that if their children take a gap year, they will appear wayward to employers, which may have more to do with the term than how that year was spent. “It suggests a hole,” said Abigail Falik, founder of Global Citizen Year, which has 115 people working in four countries. She prefers the term bridge year, with its implication of a deliberate connection between one stage of life and the next.

不过，一旦大学结束，我们对于第一份工作的了解往往只能依靠个人经历或传闻。父母们担心，如果孩子经历间隔年，雇主们会觉得他们太任性——这可能更多地是因为这个说法，而非这一年是如何度过的。“它意味着有个空洞，”全球公民年（Global Citizen Year）的创始人阿比盖尔·法利克(Abigail Falik)说。目前该项目有115人在4个国家工作。她更喜欢过渡年(bridge year)这个说法，它表明，这是故意把人生的一个阶段和下一个阶段联系起来。

In fact, logic would suggest that many people who take a gap year get better jobs after college than people who don't. If you were hiring entry-level employees, wouldn't you rather employ the risk-taking 23-year-olds who found their way in the world for a while than the 22-year-olds who have not done much besides going to school?

事实上，很多经历过间隔年的人在大学毕业后找到的工作，按道理应该比没经历过的人更好。如果你在招聘初级职员，你会选择一个23岁的敢于冒险花一段时间在世界上寻找自己道路的人，还是一个22岁的除了上学没做过太多事情的人？

Parents would be wise to adopt that mantra, too, and not just because tens of thousands of tuition dollars may go to waste if a college student has a burning desire to be elsewhere. Even if a gap year does not lead to a job offer and an obvious career track, it can light a spark that ends up burning in a different way many years later.

父母们也应该明智地相信这些箴言，不只是因为如果一名大学生强烈地想去其他地方，那么，勉强留在学校就是白白浪费数万美元的学费。即使间隔年没有让你获得一份工作或找到明确的事业方向，它也可能点亮星星之火，在多年后以不同的方式燃烧成熊熊大火。

20240412希拉里穿“和服风礼服”引关注

Hillary Clinton Wears Kimono-like Caftan for Japanese State Dinner at the White House

From: WWD

Hillary Clinton was among a string of famous guests who attended the White House state dinner for Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida and his wife Yuko Kishida on Wednesday. The former U.S. Secretary of State was joined by her husband, former President Bill Clinton.

周三，美国前国务卿希拉里·克林顿（Hillary Clinton）与众多知名人士共同出席了白宫为日本首相岸田文雄（Fumio Kishida）及其夫人岸田裕子（Yuko Kishida）举行的国宴。希拉里的丈夫、前总统比尔·克林顿（Bill Clinton）也出席了此次宴会。

For the event, Hillary fashioned a flowing purple and pink caftan. The fabric draped over the former Secretary of State with ease, featuring billowing sleeves and an ornately patterned design. Gold details were featured throughout the ensemble, blending the plum and pink hues together in seamless fashion.

在宴会上，希拉里身披紫粉相间的飘逸长袍。这件长袍面料轻盈，袖子飘逸，图案华丽，金色细节穿插其中，巧妙地将梅红与粉色融为一体。

Hillary completed the look with pointed-toe shoes and accessorized with delicate jewelry, including a simple string necklace and sparkling studs. The former first lady has fashioned caftan looks in the past, including a dazzling powder blue look embellished with crystals she wore to the 2022 Venice Film Festival.

希拉里穿着尖头鞋，配以精致的首饰，包括一串简约的项链和闪亮的耳钉。这位前第一夫人过去也曾穿过长袍，例如她在2022年威尼斯电影节上穿了一件缀满水晶的耀眼粉蓝色长袍。

For the White House state dinner, however, Hillary's caftan mirrored a colorscape also worn by First Lady Dr. Jill Biden. As hostess for the evening's festivities, Dr. Biden fashioned a glittering Oscar de la Renta gown from the fashion label's fall 2024 collection. The sapphire ombré art nouveau crystal embroidered dress featured a cascading purple hue on the bodice of the gown, which perfectly complemented the purple gown worn by Prime Minister Fumio Kishida's wife Yuko Kishida.

不过，在白宫国宴上，希拉里的长袍颜色与第一夫人吉尔·拜登（Jill Biden）博士所穿的服装颜色相呼应。作为晚宴的女主人，拜登博士身穿一件Oscar de la Renta品牌2024秋冬系列的闪亮礼服。这件礼服采用了蓝宝石色的渐变新艺术风格水晶刺绣设计，礼服的上半部分为层叠的紫色调，与岸田文雄首相夫人岸田裕子的紫色礼服完美搭配。

Other notable fashion highlights from the evening included Lauren Sánchez's burgundy Rasario gown from the 2024 resort collection, which featured lightweight satin with two types of lace for a sculpted figure with corset inserts.

当晚其他值得关注的时尚亮点还包括劳伦·桑切斯（Lauren Sánchez）身穿Rasario品牌2024度假系列的酒红色礼服，该礼服采用轻质缎面，饰以两种蕾丝，融合了紧身胸衣的设计，展现其妙曼身姿。

President Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden's state dinner for Japan is the fifth the couple has hosted at the White House since President Biden took office in January 2021. The event included a bevy of high-profile guests, including Vice President Kamala Harris and second gentleman Doug Emhoff, Robert De Niro and Tiffany Chen and Paul Simon, among others.

此次为日本首相举行的国宴是乔·拜登（Joe Biden）总统和吉尔·拜登第一夫人自2021年1月就任以来在白宫举行的第五次国宴。此次国宴邀请了包括副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯（Kamala Harris）和第二先生道格拉斯·埃姆霍夫（Douglas Emhoff）、罗伯特·德尼罗（Robert De Niro）、蒂芙尼·陈（Tiffany Chen）和保罗·西蒙（Paul Simon）等在内的众多知名人士。

20240413专八考试：英专生五世同堂聚会

Will the Coronavirus Forever Alter the College Experience?

From: The New York Times

A professor at Loyola University New Orleans taught his first virtual class from his courtyard, wearing a bathrobe and sipping from a glass of wine. Faculty at Lafayette College, in Easton, Penn., trained in making document cameras at home using cardboard and rubber bands.

新奥尔良洛约拉大学（Loyola University New Orleans）的一位教授从自家院子里讲授了他的第一节网课，他穿着浴袍，时不时抿一口葡萄酒。宾州伊斯顿拉法耶特学院（Lafayette College）的教员们接受了如何用硬纸板和橡皮筋在家里制作实物投影机的训练。

The disruption caused by the coronavirus pandemic has prompted cobbled-together responses ranging from the absurd to the ingenious at colleges and universities struggling to continue teaching even as their students have receded into diminutive images, in dire need of haircuts, on videoconference checkerboards.

新冠疫情打乱了高校的教学活动，迫使各个高校匆忙应对，或荒谬或巧妙，努力将教学继续下去，尽管学生们都已退缩为视频会议屏幕上格子里的小图，而且急需理发。

But while all of this is widely being referred to as online higher education, that's not really what most of it is, at least so far. As for predictions that it will trigger a permanent exodus from brick-and-mortar campuses to virtual classrooms, all indications are that it probably won't.

虽然所有这一切都被广泛地称为在线高等教育，但其中的大部分至少到目前为止并不能算作在线高等教育。至于那些称这将引发从实体校园到虚拟教室永久性转移的预测，所有迹象都表明那恐怕不会发生。

“What we are talking about when we talk about online education is using digital technologies to transform the learning experience,” said Vijay Govindarajan, a professor at Dartmouth's Tuck School of Business. “That is not what is happening right now.”

“我们所说的在线教育，是指使用数字技术来改变学习经历，”达特茅斯大学塔克商学院（Dartmouth's Tuck School of Business）教授维贾伊·戈文达拉扬（Vijay Govindarajan）说。“眼下并非如此。”

There will be some important lasting impacts, though, experts say: Faculty may incorporate online tools, to which many are being exposed for the first time, into their conventional classes. And students are experiencing a flexible type of learning they may not like as undergraduates, but could return to when it's time to get a graduate degree.

不过，专家们说，这将产生一些重要且持久的影响：教师们可能会将在线工具结合到他们的传统课堂中来，他们中的许多人是第一次接触这些工具。学生们正在经历一种灵活的学习方式，他们在本科生阶段可能不喜欢这种方式，但在他们读研究生时，可能会回到这种方式上来。

These trends may not transform higher education, but they are likely to accelerate the integration of technology into it.

这些趋势可能不会改变高等教育的形态，但可能会加快将技术与高等教育结合的速度。

This semester “has the potential to raise expectations of using these online resources to complement what we were doing before, in an evolutionary way, not a revolutionary way,” said Eric Fredericksen, associate vice president for online learning at the University of Rochester. “That's the more permanent impact.”

这个学期“有可能会提高一种期望，那就是我们将用这些在线资源来补充我们之前所做的工作，但这会是一种渐进的方式，而不是革命的方式，”罗切斯特大学（University of Rochester）负责在线学习的副校长埃里克·弗雷德里克森（Eric Fredericksen）说。“这是更持久的影响。”

Real online education lets students move at their own pace and includes such features as continual assessments so they can jump ahead as soon as they've mastered a skill, Dr. Fredericksen and others said.

弗雷德里克森及其他人说，真正的在线教育是让学生按照自己的节奏学习，并提供对学生进行连续评估的功能，这样他们在掌握了一项技能后，能尽早迈出下一步。

Conceiving, planning, designing and developing a genuine online course or program can consume as much as a year of faculty training and collaboration with instructional designers, and often requires student orientation and support and a complex technological infrastructure.

构思、规划、设计和发展一个真正的在线课程或项目可能需要长达一年的时间，包括教师的培训以及与教学设计师的合作，而且往往需要学生的训练和支持，以及复杂的技术基础设施。

If anything, what people are mistaking now for online education — long class meetings in videoconference rooms, professors in their bathrobes, do-it-yourself tools made of rubber bands and cardboard — appears to be making them less, not more, open to it.

如果一定要把人们现在误以为是在线教育的东西——视频会议室里漫长的课时、穿浴袍的教授、用橡皮筋和硬纸板自己动手做的工具——说成是在线教育的话，这似乎会降低人们对在线教育的接受程度，而不是提高。

“The pessimistic view is that [students] are going to hate it and never want to do this again, because all they're doing is using Zoom to reproduce everything that's wrong with traditional passive, teacher-centered modes of teaching,” said Bill Cope, a professor of education policy, organization and leadership at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

“悲观的看法是，（学生们）正在讨厌它，绝不想再上网课，因为他们正在做的所有事情只不过是把被动的、以教师为中心的传统教学模式中所有的错误用Zoom复制出来而已，”伊利诺伊大学香槟分校（University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign）的教育政策、组织和领导力教授比尔·科佩（Bill Cope）说。

20240414“公园二十分钟”效应是真的！

How Spending 20 Minutes In A Park Can Make You Happier And Stress-Free

From: The Huffington Post, April 4, 2019

Are you a fan of spending your lunch breaks in a park? Or do you walk your dog around them each morning and evening? Well, we have good news: spending just 20 minutes in a park every day will make you happier and less stressed – regardless of whether or not you're exercising while you're there.

你是否喜欢在午休时漫步公园，或者每天早晚带着爱犬在绿意中徜徉？好消息是，无论你是否在公园里锻炼身体，每天只需在公园里待20分钟，就能让你感到更加快乐、减轻压力。

Two new studies have touted the benefits of spending time in parks. The latest, from University of Michigan, suggests spending at least 20 minutes strolling or sitting in a place where you're in contact with nature significantly lowers stress hormone levels.

两项新研究宣称，待在公园里有很多好处。密歇根大学的最新研究表明，与大自然亲密接触——无论是散步还是坐着——20分钟以上，就能显著降低体内压力激素水平。

Lead researcher MaryCarol Hunter said: “Our study shows that for the greatest payoff, in terms of efficiently lowering levels of the stress hormone cortisol, you should spend 20 to 30 minutes sitting or walking in a place that provides you with a sense of nature. You don't have to travel to the wildlands. Getting out of an office block and sitting next to a tree can be enough.”

首席研究员玛丽卡罗尔·亨特（MaryCarol Hunter）说：“我们的研究表明，要想获得最大的回报，有效降低压力激素皮质醇水平，你应该花20到30分钟到一个能让你感受到大自然的地方坐着或散步。不必去野外。走出办公楼，坐在一棵树旁就足够了。”

A separate study from University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) researchers found people who visited their local urban parks felt happier. “Overall, we found park visitors reported an improvement in emotional wellbeing after the park visit,” said lead researcher Hon Yuen. “We did not find levels of physical activity are related to improved emotional wellbeing. Instead, we found time spent in the park is related to improved emotional wellbeing.”

阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校（UAB）研究人员在另一项研究中发现，到当地城市公园游玩的人会感到更快乐。“总体而言，我们发现到公园游玩的人在游览公园后情绪有所改善，”首席研究员洪约恩（Hon Yuen）说。“我们并没有发现体育活动的多少与情绪改善有关。相反，我们发现花在公园里的时间与情绪改善有关。”

Participants of the study, published in the International Journal of Environmental Health Research, were adult visitors to one of the three urban parks in Alabama, US.

该研究发表在《国际环境健康研究杂志》上，研究对象是美国阿拉巴马州三个城市公园的成年游客。

The results are perhaps unsurprising – multiple studies have previously highlighted the benefits of nature on a person's mental health. A review of nature interventions for mental health care found nature-based activities contribute to a reduction in levels of anxiety, stress and depression.

这些研究结果也许并不令人惊讶——此前已有多项研究强调了大自然对人类心理健康的益处。一项关于心理健康护理大自然疗法的研究综述发现，基于大自然的活动有助于缓解焦虑、压力和抑郁水平。

Meanwhile a separate study by King's College London researchers found being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, looking at the sky, and feeling in contact with nature were associated with higher levels of mental wellbeing. In some cases, these beneficial effects impacted people positively for up to seven hours afterwards.

与此同时，伦敦国王学院（King's College London）研究人员在另一项研究中发现，户外活动、观赏树木、聆听鸟鸣、仰望天空以及亲近自然，都与更高的的心理健康水平有关。在某些情况下，这种积极影响甚至可以持续长达七小时。

Another piece of research, published today by Aarhus University, Denmark, suggested that children who grow up with greener surroundings have up to 55% less risk of developing various mental disorders later in life.

丹麦奥胡斯大学（Aarhus University）今天发表的另一项研究表明，在绿色环境中成长的儿童日后患上各种精神疾病的风险最多可降低55%。

Much of the world's population now live in cities and the World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates more than 450 million of the global human population suffer from a mental disorder – a number that is expected to increase.

目前，全球大部分人口居住在城市，据世界卫生组织（WHO）估计，全球超过4.5亿人口受到心理障碍的困扰，而且预计这一数字还在持续上升。

All of these studies emphasise the need for designing greener cities for the future, and protecting our existing parks. “There is increasing pressure on green space within urban settings,” said Gavin Jenkins, co-author of the urban parks study. “Planners and developers look to replace green space with residential and commercial property.

所有这些研究都凸显了为未来设计更加绿色的城市以及保护现有公园的必要性。“城市绿地面临的压力越来越大，”城市公园研究的共同作者加文·詹金斯（Gavin Jenkins）说。“规划者和开发商往往倾向于将绿地转变为住宅和商业地产。”

“The challenge facing cities is that there is an increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the demise of these spaces.”

“城市面临的挑战是，有越来越多的证据表明城市公园的价值，但我们仍看到这些空间在逐渐消亡。”

20240415薛之谦演唱会“一个人来的”火了

The Cost of Holding On 学会放下，即是菩提

From: The New York Times

Let's start with a story from Jon Muth's book “Zen Shorts:”

我们先来讲讲琼·穆特(Jon Muth)的书《禅的故事》(Zen Shorts)里的一个故事。

Two traveling monks reached a town where there was a young woman waiting to step out of her sedan chair. The rains had made deep puddles and she couldn't step across without spoiling her silken robes. She stood there, looking very cross and impatient. She was scolding her attendants. They had nowhere to place the packages they held for her, so they couldn't help her across the puddle.

两名游方僧人来到一个小镇，看见一名年轻女子正等着下轿。轿子前面有雨水留下的水坑，她跨过去肯定会弄脏丝绸裙子。她站在那里，看起来非常恼火，很不耐烦的样子。她在训斥自己的侍从。他们手里拿着她的包裹，没地方放，无法帮她跨过水坑。

The younger monk noticed the woman, said nothing, and walked by. The older monk quickly picked her up and put her on his back, transported her across the water, and put her down on the other side. She didn't thank the older monk; she just shoved him out of the way and departed.

年轻僧人看见了那名女子，什么也没说，径直走开了。年长僧人则马上把她背起来，跨过水坑后把她放下。她没有说谢谢，把他推开就走了。

As they continued on their way, the young monk was brooding and preoccupied. After several hours, unable to hold his silence, he spoke out. “That woman back there was very selfish and rude, but you picked her up on your back and carried her! Then, she didn't even thank you!”

这两个僧侣继续赶路，年轻的那位闷闷不乐，一副心事重重的样子。几个小时后，他忍不住说道：“那个女的真是又自私又无礼，你背着她跨过水坑，她连句谢谢都不说！”

“I set the woman down hours ago,” the older monk replied. “Why are you still carrying her?”

“我几个小时前就把那个女人放下了，”年长僧人回答道。“你为什么还放不下呢？”

There is an actual cost to holding onto things we should let go of. It can come in the form of anger, frustration, resentment or something even worse. The question is, can you really afford to keep paying the bill?

把本该放下的事存在心头，真的会让人付出代价。那些代价可能是生气、沮丧、愤怒，甚至是更糟糕的感觉。问题是，你真的负担得起不断付出的代价吗？

The faster we learn to drop our emotional dead weight, the more room we create for something better. I'm talking about everything from stewing about the guy who cut you off in traffic this morning to still refusing to forgive an old friend for an event 20 years ago.

我们越快学会放下情绪负担，就能给更美好的事物留出更多空间。我说的是所有的情绪负担，包括因为早上有个家伙开车加塞而让你耿耿于怀，或者因为20年前的一件事而始终拒绝原谅一位老友。

We have only so much bandwidth. We have only so much time. We only have so much energy. Do we really want to invest any of our precious resources – financial or otherwise – into something that will return nothing but misery?

我们的时间精力是有限的。我们只有这么多时间。我们只有这么多精力。我们真的想把经济上或其他方面的宝贵资源投入到一件只会带来痛苦的事情上吗？

My question for you is, “What's one thing you can set down this week?”

我的问题是：“这一周你能放下哪件事？”

Go ahead and pick something. A fight with your spouse, something a politician said, your team losing the big game. Pick it, drop it and then pause. For just a moment, simply pause and savor what it feels like to no longer carry that burden and pay that price.

挑一件吧。跟配偶的一次争吵，一名政客说的话，你的队输掉的一场重要比赛。把它挑出来，放下，然后暂停。就暂停一会儿，享受一下不再承受那个负担、不再付出代价的感觉。

Then, I want you to invest that extra into something more productive. If it's extra time, go for a walk. If it's extra peace, take five deep breaths. If it's extra money because you decided to just pay the stupid traffic ticket instead of letting it sit on your desk accruing late fees, then take that extra money and invest it in something that makes you happy.

然后，把省下的东西投入到更有益的事情上。如果你省下的是时间，那就去散个步。如果你是获得了平静，那就深呼吸五下。如果你决定支付那张愚蠢的交通罚单而不是让它留在你的书桌上累积滞纳金，那么把省下的钱花到让你快乐的东西上吧。

Play with your kids. Take a nap. Just do something that makes you feel the opposite of how you felt before you let go. I can guarantee you, this is one investment you'll never regret.

陪孩子玩。打个盹儿。做一些让你获得与释怀前相反感受的事情。我可以向你保证，这是你永远不会后悔的一项投入。

20240416你考虑过丁克吗?

China Wants More Babies. Some Men Choose Vasectomies.

From: The New York Times

Huang Yulong never wanted a baby. As a child, he resented his parents, who left him in the care of relatives while they worked in faraway factories, visiting roughly once a year. He never felt a need to reproduce or pass on the family name.

黄玉龙从来都不想要孩子。小时候，他怨恨父母，他们到遥远的工厂打工，把他留给亲戚照顾，大约每年回来看他一次。他从来都不觉得有传宗接代的需要。

So, at the age of 26, he had a vasectomy.

26岁的时候，他做了输精管结扎手术。

“For our generation, children aren't a necessity,” said Mr. Huang, a bachelor in the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou. “Now we can live without any burdens. So why not invest our spiritual and economic resources on our own lives?”

“对我们这一代来说，其实小孩不是必需品，”住在南方城市广州、仍然单身的黄先生说。“而且我们现在又是可有可无的，所以还不如把那些经济精力时间拿来去做自己的生活。”

Mr. Huang, 27, is striving for a lifestyle known as “Double Income, No Kids,” or DINK. The acronym has been around for decades, but only recently entered the mainstream in China, where rising costs and other economic woes have caused many young people to avoid parenthood. The competition for schools and apartments is intensifying. Some couples say they don't want more than one child. Others want none at all.

现年27岁的黄先生正在努力追求一种被称为“丁克”(DINK)的生活方式。DINK是英文Double Income, No Kids（有两份收入，没有孩子）的首字母缩写，已经存在几十年了，但直到最近才进入中国主流社会，不断上涨的生活成本和其他经济问题让许多年轻人不想要孩子。择校和买房竞争不断加剧。一些夫妇说他们只想要一个孩子。另一些人则一个都不想要。

“If I got married and had a child, I would still belong to the bottom class,” Mr. Huang said, referring to his background as a child of struggling factory workers. “When the time comes, I could also leave my child at home just like my parents. But I don't want that.”

“我如果也结婚生子还是底层人吧，”黄先生说道，他指的是自己作为打工子女的背景。“到时候我还是会像我父母一样把小孩（留在）家里待着吧。我不想啊。”

When he was 14, Mr. Huang left Hunan to find work in Guangdong, too. He later fell in love with a woman who wanted children, and he wrestled with the possibility of starting a family. He eventually broke up with her and, in June 2019, went to a hospital in Guangzhou for the vasectomy. He described it as a birthday gift to himself.

黄先生14岁时也离开湖南去广东打工。后来他爱上了一个想要孩子的女子，他对生孩子的问题想了很多。他最终与那名女子分了手，并于2019年6月去广州一家医院做了结扎手术。他形容这是送给自己的生日礼物。

For decades, Chinese people were conditioned to have children out of tradition, filial obligation and, ultimately, a fallback for retirement. But an expanding social security net and a proliferation of insurance plans have given people more options.

几十年来，中国人生孩子主要是出于传统、尽孝，以及退休后有依托的考虑。但不断扩大的社会保障网和各种各样的保险计划给了人们更多的选择。

China now has the world's largest number of single people. In 2018, the country reported 240 million of them, accounting for about 17 percent of the total population. Although the percentage is still smaller compared to the United States, the number has risen by about a third since 2010.

中国现在是世界上单身人数最多的国家。中国2018年的单身人数为2.4亿，约占总人口的17%。尽管单身人口的比例与美国相比仍然较低，但自2010年以来，已经增长了约三分之一。

According to a 2018 study published by the Journal of Chinese Women's Studies, the direct economic cost of raising a child from 0 to 17 years is about $30,000, seven times the annual salary of the average Chinese citizen.

《妇女研究论丛》2018年发表的一项研究估算，把孩子从0岁养育到17岁所需的直接经济成本为19.10万元，是中国公民平均年收入的7倍。

Those kinds of numbers are often discussed in DINK forums, which have also become informal dating sites, with some of most popular threads being marriage advertisements.

这些数字是丁克吧里经常讨论的内容，丁克吧也起着非正式的约会网站的作用，上面一些最受欢迎的话题是征婚广告。

“Yearning for a world of just two people,” one read. “I really don't like children, I can even say I hate them. I know how difficult it is to raise them! The efforts are not proportional to the gains!”

“向往二人世界，”其中一条写道。“真心不喜欢小孩子甚至说厌恶，也太懂得培养一个孩子的不容易！付出和收获不成正比！”

20240417北京半程马拉松冠军遭质疑“保送”

Did Three African Runners Let a Chinese Runner Win a Race in Beijing?

From: The New York Times

After a grueling hour, there was little to separate the four runners as the finish line approached. But then, one extended his hand toward another and gestured, as if waving him forward. Seconds later, another runner did the same.

经过令人筋疲力尽的一小时，当终点线临近时，四名选手几乎难分伯仲。但随后，一个人向另一个人伸出了手，做了个手势，好像在示意他前进。几秒钟后，另一位选手也做出了同样的举动。

He Jie of China then strode ahead of the others, a recorded livestream of Sunday's Beijing Half Marathon shows. The other three runners — Willy Mnangat and Robert Keter from Kenya, and Dejene Hailu from Ethiopia — fell into place just behind him, following from a short distance as He claimed first place.

周日北京半程马拉松的直播画面显示，随后，中国选手何杰大步跑到了其他选手的前面。其他三名选手——来自肯尼亚的威利·姆南加特和罗伯特·科特，以及来自埃塞俄比亚的德杰内·海鲁——紧随其后，在何杰夺得第一名时，另外三人也很快冲过了终点线。

The results of the half-marathon are now under investigation by the race's organizers, after footage of the finish circulated online and led many to question whether the three African runners had deliberately slowed down.

临近终点线的视频在网上流传开来，许多人质疑这三名非洲选手是否故意放慢速度，赛事组织方目前正在对这场半程马拉松比赛的结果展开调查。

He took first place with a time of 1 hour 3 minutes 44 seconds. Mnangat, Keter and Hailu tied for second place, one second later.

何杰以1小时3分44秒的成绩夺得第一名。一秒后，姆南加特、科特和海鲁并列获得第二名。

The four athletes ran in a group for much of the race, the livestream showed, ahead of the rest of the pack, with the African runners occasionally pulling slightly ahead.

直播画面显示，在比赛的大部分时间里，四名运动员都是跑在同一组，领先于其他选手，期间非洲选手偶尔会稍稍领先。

But it was the final moments of the race, when Mnangat and Keter both appeared to gesture to He to run in front of the others, that raised questions.

但在比赛的最后时刻，姆南加特和凯特都似乎示意何杰跑到他们前面，这引发了质疑。

The Beijing International Running Festival, which organized the event, said in a statement on Monday night that it had launched an investigation into the matter in response to online commentators' “questions about the race's results,” without naming the runners involved. The organizers had created “a special investigative team” to look into the matter, the statement said.

主办该赛事的北京国际长跑节在周一晚间的一份声明中表示，针对网友反映“比赛结果的问题”，已对此事展开调查，但没有透露涉及选手的名字。声明称，组织方已成立“专项调查组”来调查此事。

A spokeswoman for the Beijing Municipal Sports Bureau, the agency that oversees sports in the city, confirmed via phone on Tuesday morning that it was also investigating the race.

北京市体育局发言人周二上午通过电话证实，该局也在调查这场比赛。

He did not immediately respond to a request for comment via Xtep, a sportswear company for which he is the spokesman. Keter and Hailu could not immediately be reached for comment.

何杰没有立即回复通过运动服装公司特步发送的置评请求，他是特步的代言人。记者未能立即联系到科特和海鲁置评。

Mnangat told The South China Morning Post that he was acting as a pacemaker — someone who runs along other athletes to help them maintain their speed but is not officially a competitor — for He. Mnangat did not immediately respond to a request for comment through his agent.

姆南加特告诉《南华早报》，他是何杰的配速员——与其他运动员一起跑步以帮助他们保持速度的角色，但并非正式选手。姆南加特没有立即回应通过其经纪人提出的置评请求。

He, 25, is the 77^th-ranked men's marathoner globally, according to World Athletics. Last year, he won the Asian Games men's marathon, and last month, he set a Chinese national record when he finished the Wuxi Marathon in 2:06:57.

根据世界田联的数据，现年25岁的何杰在全球男子马拉松运动员中排名第77位。去年，他获得了亚运会男子马拉松冠军，上个月，他在无锡马拉松比赛中以2小时6分57秒的成绩刷新了全国纪录。

This is not the first time distance runners in China have faced accusations of cheating, as the popularity of long distance running has surged in the country.

随着长跑运动在中国的普及，这并不是长跑选手第一次面临作弊指控。

In 2018, 258 participants were penalized for cheating in the Shenzhen Half Marathon, with organizers accusing them of wearing fake bib numbers, hiring imposters and taking shortcuts, according to Chinese state media.

据中国官方媒体报道，2018年，深圳半程马拉松赛中有258名参赛者因作弊受到处罚，组织者指控他们佩戴假号码布、雇佣冒名顶替者以及走捷径。

And in 2019, female runners were caught riding bikes in the Xuzhou International Marathon and the Chengdu Women's Half Marathon.

此外，在2019年，徐州国际马拉松和成都女子半程马拉松中，也有女选手骑自行车被人发现。

20240418 Pura怎么读？华为Pura 70系列开售

Huawei starts sales of new Pura 70 smartphone

From: Reuters

Chinese technology giant Huawei started selling two models of its highly anticipated, high-end Pura 70 smartphone series on Thursday that many analysts expect to contain an advanced China-made chip like its Mate 60 handset.

本周四，中国科技巨头华为推出了其备受瞩目的Pura 70系列高端智能手机的两款机型，许多分析师预计该系列将像其Mate 60手机一样采用先进的国产芯片。

The Pura series developed by the Shenzhen-based company has advanced cameras and is known for its sleek design, while the Mate series emphasises performance and business features.

Pura系列由总部位于深圳的华为公司精心打造，拥有先进的摄像头，以时尚设计著称，而Mate系列则凸显其性能和商务功能。

The launch of Huawei's Mate 60 series last year was celebrated by Chinese state media as a triumph over U.S. sanctions on the firm, as the handsets contain an advanced China-made chip that is considered only a few generations behind cutting-edge chips used by Western tech giants like Apple and Google in terms of computing power.

华为去年推出的Mate 60系列手机被官方媒体誉为战胜了美国对该公司的制裁，因为该系列手机采用了先进的国产芯片，在计算能力方面仅比苹果和谷歌等西方科技巨头使用的尖端芯片落后几代。

Huawei teased the Pura's sale this week in a rebranding campaign renaming it from simply “P”.

本周，华为在品牌重塑活动中将P系列重新命名为Pura，并宣布了新系列的上市计划。

The Pura 70 series has four variants: the 70, the 70 Plus, the 70 Pro and the 70 Ultra. The starting price for the Pura 70 series is 5,499 yuan ($760.06).

Pura 70系列共有四款机型：70、70 Plus、70 Pro和70 Ultra。Pura 70系列的起售价为5499元（760.06美元）。

The Pro and Ultra versions were available to customers on Thursday, while the Plus and base versions will begin sales on April 22.

周四，Pro和Ultra两款机型率先发售，而Plus和基础版将于4月22日开始销售。

The Pro and Ultra versions were out of stock at Huawei's official online store just a minute after the sales started. Hundreds of the brand's fans have lined up at Huawei flagship stores across the country in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.

开售仅一分钟，华为官方在线商城的Pro和Ultra版本就已售罄。数百名华为粉丝在北京、上海和深圳的华为全国旗舰店排起了长队。

About 100 customers queuing at the flagship store in Shenzhen were handed bottles of water as they awaited their purchases when Reuters visited on Thursday. Buyers at the store in Shanghai were required to open the box and register the device at the store, possibly in an effort to prevent customers from onselling the phones at a higher price.

周四，路透社记者走访时，约有100名顾客在深圳旗舰店排队等候购买，他们手上都拿着发放的瓶装水。上海旗舰店的买家则需在店内开箱并激活手机，这可能是为了防止买家以更高的价格转售手机。

Huawei staff also told some of the fans in the lines that there was no guarantee they could get the device on Thursday because demand was high.

华为工作人员向排队等候的粉丝表示，由于需求量过高，无法保证所有人都能在当天购得新机。

The launch of the Mate 60 Pro last August sparked a spike in Huawei's smartphone sales. According to research firm Counterpoint, in the first six weeks of 2024, Huawei saw unit sales rise by 64% year-on-year. Meanwhile, Apple's iPhone sales in China fell 24% during the same period.

去年8月推出的Mate 60 Pro促使华为智能手机销量大增。据市场研究公司Counterpoint称，2024年前六周，华为手机销量同比增长64%。与此同时，苹果公司的iPhone在中国的销量同期下降了24%。

Ivan Lam, a senior analyst at Counterpoint, said he expected shipments of about 60 million units of the Pura 70 series this year, which would add important momentum to Huawei's smartphone sales.

Counterpoint高级分析师伊万·兰姆（Ivan Lam）表示，他预计今年Pura 70系列出货量约为6000万部，这将为华为智能手机的销售注入强劲动力。

"Initial sales are expected to be really good. There may be some shortage at various channels. But supply will be much better compared to when the Mate 60 was launched. We don't expect any longlasting shortage," he said.

“预计初期销量会非常好。各种渠道可能会出现一些短缺。但与Mate 60上市时相比，供应情况会好得多。我们预计不会出现长期短缺，”他说。

Huawei's Kirin 9000S chip was reportedly manufactured by China's Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC).

据报道，华为的麒麟9000S芯片由中芯国际集成电路制造有限公司（SMIC）制造。

It was seen as a symbol of China's technological resurgence despite Washington's ongoing efforts to cripple its capacity to produce advanced semiconductors.

尽管美国不断在限制中国生产先进半导体的能力，这被视为中国技术复兴的象征。

20240419霉霉新专辑刷屏了！

Taylor Swift's 'Tortured Poets' Arrives With a Promotional Blitz

From: The New York Times

Taylor Swift was already the most ubiquitous pop star in the galaxy, her presence dominating the music charts, the concert calendar, the Super Bowl, the Grammys.

泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）已经是银河系中无所不在的流行巨星，她的影响力遍及音乐排行榜、演唱会日程、超级碗和格莱美奖。

Then it came time for her to promote a new album.

如今，又到了她宣传新专辑的时候了。

In the days leading up to the release of “The Tortured Poets Department” on Friday, Swift became all but inescapable, online and seemingly everywhere else. Her lyrics were the basis for an Apple Music word game. A Spotify-sponsored, Swift-branded “library installation,” in muted pink and gray, popped up in a shopping complex in Los Angeles. In Chicago, a QR code painted on a brick wall directed fans to another Easter egg on YouTube. Videos on Swift's social media accounts, showing antique typewriters and globes with pins, were dissected for clues about her music. SiriusXM added a Swift radio station; of course it's called Channel 13 (Taylor's Version).

在本周五《The Tortured Poets Department》（苦难诗社）发行前的几天里，斯威夫特几乎无处不在，无论是在线上，还是其他地方。Apple Music发布了与她的歌词相关的词汇游戏。由Spotify赞助、带有斯威夫特品牌的暗粉色和灰色“图书馆装置”出现在洛杉矶的一个购物中心。在芝加哥，一面墙上画着二维码，引导粉丝在YouTube上发现另一个复活节彩蛋。斯威夫特社交媒体账号上的视频展示了古董打字机和带大头针的地球仪，人们仔细分析视频中的音乐线索。SiriusXM甚至开设了一个名为13频道（泰勒版）的斯威夫特专属电台。

About the only thing Swift didn't do was an interview with a journalist.

斯威夫特唯一没有做的事情就是接受记者采访。

At this stage in Swift's career, an album release is more than just a moment to sell music; it's all but a given that “The Tortured Poets Department” will open with gigantic sales numbers, many of them for “ghost white,” “phantom clear” and other collector-ready vinyl variants. More than that, the album's arrival is a test of the celebrity-industrial complex overall, with tech platforms and media outlets racing to capture whatever piece of the fan frenzy they can get.

在斯威夫特职业生涯的这一阶段，专辑的发行不仅仅是销售音乐那么简单；几乎可以肯定的是，《The Tortured Poets Department》将以巨额销量开场，其中不乏“ghost white”，“phantom clear”等收藏级黑胶唱片版本。更重要的是，这张专辑的发行也是对整个明星产业复杂体系的一次考验，各大科技平台和媒体机构竞相争夺粉丝热潮中的一席之地。

Swift also revealed that her first music video for the album — for “Fortnight,” the first single, featuring Post Malone — would arrive on Friday at 8 p.m. Eastern time.

斯威夫特还透露，她为这张专辑录制的首支MV将于美国东部时间周五晚上8点发布，这是新专辑第一首单曲《Fortnight》的MV，与波斯特·马龙（Post Malone）合作演唱。

“The Tortured Poets Department,” which Swift, 34, announced in a Grammy acceptance speech in February — she had the Instagram post ready to go — lands as Swift's profile continues to rise to ever-higher levels of cultural saturation.

在名气持续攀升，文化影响力达到新高的背景下，今年2月，34岁的斯威夫特在格莱美奖获奖感言中宣布了这张专辑，当时她表示已准备好了将发布在Instagram上的帖子。

Her Eras Tour, begun last year, has been a global phenomenon, crashing Ticketmaster and lifting local economies; by some estimates, it might bring in as much as $2 billion in ticket sales — by far a new record — before it ends later this year. Swift's romance with the Kansas City Chiefs tight end Travis Kelce has been breathlessly tracked from its first flirtations last summer to their smooch on the Super Bowl field in February. The mere thought that Swift might endorse a presidential candidate this year sent conspiracy-minded politicos reeling.

斯威夫特去年开始的Eras世界巡回演唱会在全球范围内掀起了一股热潮，让票务网站Ticketmaster系统崩溃，也提振了当地经济；据估计，在今年晚些时候结束之前，巡回演唱会的门票销售额可能高达20亿美元，这是迄今为止的新纪录。斯威夫特与堪萨斯城酋长队近端锋特拉维斯·凯尔斯（Travis Kelce）的恋情，从去年夏天的第一次绯闻，到今年二月在超级碗赛场上的亲吻，一直为人们津津乐道。仅是斯威夫特可能在今年可能会支持某位总统候选人的传言，就已足以让有阴谋论的政客们感到不安。

“The Tortured Poets Department” — don't even ask about the missing apostrophe — arrives accompanied by a poem written by Stevie Nicks that begins, “He was in love with her/Or at least she thought so.” That establishes what many fans correctly anticipated as the album's theme of heartbreak and relationship rot, Swift's signature topic. “I love you/It's ruining my life,” she sings on “Fortnight.”

《The Tortured Poets Department》（不要纠结缺少了撇号）专辑发布时附带了一首史蒂维·尼克斯（Stevie Nicks）创作的诗，诗的开头是：“He was in love with her/Or at least she thought so”（他爱上了她/或者至少她是这么认为的）。这也印证了许多歌迷对这张专辑主题的预期，即斯威夫特的标志性主题——心碎和感情破裂。她在《Fortnight》中唱道：“I love you/It's ruining my life”（我爱你/这毁了我的生活）。

20240420其实你已经过度疲劳了

Are you burning out?

From: BBC

Are you exhausted all the time, feeling cynical towards your work responsibilities and find the demands of your job overwhelming? You could be suffering from burnout - and you might be the last person to know it.

如果你总是感觉疲惫不堪、对所承担的工作责任心存怀疑，并觉得工作压力让你手足无措，那你很可能患上了过度疲劳症。对，很多人可能对这种病态毫不了解。

The World Health Organisation has now officially recognised burnout as an occupational phenomenon, describing it as a "syndrome resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed".

世界卫生组织（WHO）已确认，过度劳累是一种职业病，定义为“长期面对工作压力却未能成功化解压力导致的慢性疲劳综合症”。

It is characterised by feelings of exhaustion, negativism or cynicism related to one's job and poor performance.

慢性疲劳综合症的特点就是疲惫、消极或者因为工作表现不佳愤世嫉俗。

However, it can be hard for people to understand what's wrong.

不过，要明白每个人究竟哪里出了问题，却并不是一件容易的事情。

"I think it's quite difficult to identify your own signs of burnout. People close to you, or managers, are very good at identifying it from the other side," says Dr Rachel Morris, a GP who, over 15 years, saw many patients who were ill because of workplace stress.

莫里斯医生（Dr Rachel Morris）是有15年经验的家庭全科医生，她接诊过很多与工作压力有关的病人。“我认为一般人很难自己意识到过度疲劳。但是身边的人，如亲人、或者上司却很容易看到。”

She says patients suffering from burnout may become unsure of themselves, feel cynical, hopeless or detached, stop eating properly, and feel continually tired. They may also feel angry or resentful about work, or towards colleagues and friends.

她说，患了慢性疲劳综合症的人可能对自己信心下降，感觉愤世嫉俗，毫无希望或者心灰意冷，不好好吃饭，总是觉得很累。他们也可能对工作或者同事、朋友怒气冲冲，牢骚满腹。

"When people start going off sick from work with back pain, gastroenteritis or migraines, often they might be burnt out," says Dr Morris.

莫里斯医生说：“如果有人开始因为背痛、肠胃炎或偏头痛经常请病假，通常他们可能是过度疲劳了。”

Not enough hours in a day

总是时间不够

Dr Rachel Morris has developed a programme to help with employees' well-being.

莫里斯医生研究出了一套办法，帮助雇员维护身心健康。

"There are things we can all do to reduce our own risk of burnout," she says. "One is to boost our levels of resilience. This means we're able to respond to stress in a healthy way and can bounce back after challenges and grow stronger in the process."

她说：“我们可以做一些事情减少过度疲劳的风险。其中之一就是提升自己的忍耐力。也就是说我们用健康的方式应对压力，遇到挫折还能恢复状态，在这个过程中让自己变得更加强大。”

Morris says it's important to make time for activities that increase our sense of wellbeing, such as doing exercise, connecting with people or catching up on sleep.

莫里斯医生说，做一些能增进健康的活动极为重要，如运动、与外界保持联络，保持足够睡眠。

"When work becomes too demanding our natural reaction is to give up doing things we enjoy doing and we get sucked into the 'busyness vortex'", says Dr Morris.

“当工作压力过大时，我们本能的反应就是放弃自己喜欢做的事情，结果就陷入了忙得焦头烂额的漩涡中。”

"It's really difficult to make massive changes, so people can start with small things, like go for a five-minute walk at lunch time or meet a friend for coffee."

“要想一下子彻底改变很难，但是可以从小处做起，比如午饭时间散步5分钟，或者约朋友喝杯咖啡。”

She says another problem is that people who are very stressed tend to focus on things they can't control. Focusing only on what they can control helps bring stress levels down - Dr Morris calls this the "zone of power".

她说，另外一个问题是，压力大的人越容易专注自己无法控制的问题。把关注点放在可控的问题上能帮助减轻压力。

Prioritising, rather than cramming more and more into an already packed schedule, is also important, says Dr Morris.

另外，划出重点，而不是往已经非常繁忙的日程安排中继续塞进更多的事情，也很重要。

She has designed a grid to help employees distinguish between the important and the urgent tasks, and discard those which aren't relevant.

分清楚事情的主次轻重，这样才能集中注意力做好重要的紧急的事情，而忽略或者延迟处理次要的非紧急的事情。

20240421近一半大城市正在下沉

China's Cities Are Sinking Below Sea Level, Study Finds

From: The New York Times

As China's cities grow, they are also sinking.

随着中国城市的发展，它们也在不断下沉。

An estimated 16 percent of the country's major cities are losing more than 10 millimeters of elevation per year and nearly half are losing more than 3 millimeters per year, according to a new study published in the journal Science.

根据发表在《科学》杂志上的一项新研究，估计该国16%的大城市每年海拔高度下降超过10毫米，近一半城市每年海拔高度下降超过3毫米。

These amounts may seem small, but they accumulate quickly. In 100 years, a quarter of China's urban coastal land could sit below sea level because of a combination of subsidence and sea level rise, according to the study.

这些数字看起来可能很小，但积累得很快。根据这项研究，在100年内，由于地表下沉和海平面上升的共同作用，中国四分之一的城市沿海土地可能位于海平面以下。

“It's a national problem,” said Robert Nicholls, a climate scientist and civil engineer at the University of East Anglia who reviewed the paper. Dr. Nicholls added that, to his knowledge, this study is the first to measure subsidence across many urban areas at once using state-of-the-art radar data from satellites.

“这是一个全国性的问题，”审阅该论文的东安格利亚大学气候科学家和土木工程师罗伯特·尼科尔斯说。尼科尔斯还表示，据他所知，这项研究是第一次使用最先进的卫星雷达数据同时测量许多城市地区的下沉情况。

Subsidence in these cities is caused in part by the sheer weight of buildings and infrastructure, the study found. Pumping water from aquifers underneath the cities also plays a role, as do oil drilling and coal mining, all activities that leave empty space underground where soil and rocks can compact or collapse.

研究发现，这些城市的下沉部分是由建筑物和基础设施的巨大重量造成的。从城市地下含水层抽水也起了作用，石油钻探和煤矿开采也是如此，所有这些活动都会在地下留下空间，可能造成土壤和岩石的压实或坍塌。

Beijing is among the places in the country sinking the fastest. So is nearby Tianjin, where last year thousands of residents were evacuated from high-rise apartment buildings after the streets outside suddenly split apart. Within these cities, sinking is uneven. When pieces of land next to each other subside at different rates, whatever is built on top of that land is at risk of damage.

北京是全国下沉速度最快的城市之一。附近的天津也是如此，去年，天津的几条道路突然裂开，导致数千名居民从高层公寓楼中撤离。在这些城市中，下沉是不均匀的。在同一片土地上，如果相邻的地块以不同的速度下沉，这片土地上建造的任何东西都存在受损的风险。

Other countries, including the United States, have similar problems.

包括美国在内的其他国家也有类似的问题。

“Land subsidence is an overlooked problem that almost exists everywhere,” said Manoochehr Shirzaei, a geophysicist at Virginia Tech who has studied subsidence in American coastal cities using similar methods. Dr. Shirzaei also reviewed the new study on Chinese cities by Zurui Ao of South China Normal University, Xiaomei Hu and Shengli Tao of Peking University, and their colleagues.

“地面沉降是一个被忽视的问题，几乎在任何地方都存在，”弗吉尼亚理工大学的地球物理学家马努切赫尔·希尔扎伊说，他用类似的方法研究了美国沿海城市的沉降。希尔扎伊同样审阅了这篇关于中国城市的新论文，它的作者是华南师范大学的敖祖锐、北京大学的胡晓梅和陶胜利，以及他们的同事。

“I believe the majority of the adaptation strategies that we have, and resiliency plans to combat climate change, are inaccurate, just because they did not include land subsidence,” he said. “It hasn't been studied the way, for example, sea level rise has been studied.”

“我认为，我们现有的大多数适应策略和应对气候变化的韧性计划都是不准确的，因为它们没有包括地面沉降研究，”他说。“它还没有像海平面上升问题那样被研究过。”

The new study was based on satellite radar measurements of how much the ground surface in 82 major cities, accounting for three-quarters of China's urban population, moved up or down between 2015 and 2022. The researchers compared these measurements to data on potential contributing factors, like the weight of buildings in these cities and changing groundwater levels underneath them.

这项新研究基于卫星雷达，测量了占中国城市人口四分之三的82个主要城市的地表2015年至2022年间的升降幅度。研究人员将这些测量结果与潜在影响因素的数据进行了比较，比如这些城市建筑物的重量和地下水位的变化情况。

The researchers also combined their subsidence measurements with projections of sea level rise to figure out which cities might end up below sea level. One caveat with these findings is that they assumed a constant rate of subsidence over the next 100 years, but these rates can change along with human activity.

研究人员还将沉降测量结果与海平面上升预测相结合，以确定哪些城市最终可能低于海平面。这些发现中需要注意的一点是，他们假设未来100年下沉的速度是恒定的，但这些速度可能会随着人类活动而改变。

About 6 percent of land in China's coastal cities currently has a relative elevation below sea level. If the global average sea level rises by 0.87 meters, or a little less than 3 feet, by 2120 (the higher of two commonly used scenarios considered by the researchers) that proportion could rise to 26 percent, this study found.

目前，中国沿海城市约6%的土地相对海拔低于海平面。这项研究发现，如果到2120年全球平均海平面上升0.87米（这是研究人员考虑的两种常用情况中数值较高者），这一比例可能会上升到26%。

Being below sea level doesn't mean a city is automatically doomed. Much of the Netherlands is below sea level and sinking, but the country has been extensively engineered to prevent flooding in places and to accommodate it in others.

低于海平面并不意味着一座城市就会自动灭亡。荷兰的大部分地区都在海平面以下，并且正在下沉，但这个国家已经进行了广泛的工程设计，以防止某些地方发生洪水，并在其他地方蓄洪。

The key to minimizing damage is limiting groundwater extraction, the researchers wrote. Shanghai is already taking this approach and is sinking more slowly than other Chinese cities. In Japan, groundwater management over the years has proved successful at stabilizing subsidence in Tokyo and Osaka.

研究人员写道，减少破坏的关键是限制地下水的开采。上海已经采取了这种做法，而且下沉速度比中国其他城市要慢。在日本，多年来的地下水管理已证明成功地稳定了东京和大阪的沉降。

Some places are even combating subsidence by injecting water into depleted aquifers in a process called managed recharge.

一些地方甚至通过向枯竭的含水层注水来防治沉降，这被称为“管理补给”。

It's difficult to stop subsidence entirely, Dr. Nicholls said. “You've got to live with what's left.” Mainly, he said, this means adapting to sea level rise in coastal areas; not just the sea level rise caused by climate change, but also the effects of sinking land.

尼科尔斯说，很难完全阻止地表下沉。“你必须适应剩下的情况。”他说，这主要意味着适应沿海地区的海平面上升；这不仅是由于气候变化所导致，还有陆地下沉的影响。

20240422马龙：任何时候，都有比放弃更好的选择

The G.O.A.T is back: Ma Long secures third Men's World Cup title

From: International Table Tennis Federation

Ma Long is the newly crowned champion at the ITTF Men's World Cup on Sunday 21^st April in Macao, China. The World No. 4 overcame fellow compatriot Lin Gaoyuan in a pulsating gold medal match to clinch his third Men's World Cup title.

4月21日星期日，马龙在中国澳门举行的国际乒联（ITTF）世界杯男单决赛中夺冠。这位世界排名第四的选手在一场扣人心弦的金牌争夺战中战胜了队友林高远，第三次夺得世界杯男单冠军。

A rivalry that has been played out countless times on the world stage, Ma Long and Lin Gaoyuan know each other's games well having played nine times at the international stage in the past, and both had experienced victory in high-pressure environments. So, it came as no surprise to see the two elite athletes produce yet another spectacular show for all to enjoy.

这是一场在世界舞台上上演了无数次的对决，马龙和林高远对彼此的打法了如指掌，两人过去曾在国际舞台上交手九次，且都曾在高压竞争中取得过胜利。因此，看到这两位顶尖运动员再次为大家带来精彩绝伦的比赛也就不足为奇了。

A captivating spectacle from start to finish, the match kicked off with Lin displaying his dominance, securing the first three games. However, never one to concede defeat easily, Ma knew he needed something extraordinary to turn the tide. Fighting relentlessly for every point and covering every corner of the table, Ma laid the groundwork for a remarkable comeback, winning the next three games and levelling the score at three games apiece. In the ultimate decider, amidst a thrilling back-and-forth exchange that had the crowd at the Galaxy Arena roaring with excitement, Ma showcased his status as the G.O.A.T. Drawing upon the momentum from his previous three victories, he clinched the championship in mesmerising fashion (9-11, 9-11, 5-11, 11-8, 11-6, 11-4, 11-8).

整场比赛精彩纷呈，林高远一开场就展现了其优势，在前三局比赛中均取得胜利。然而，马龙从不轻言放弃，他知道自己需要非凡的表现来扭转局势。马龙不遗余力地争取着每一分，在球台上的每一个角落都全力以赴，为其出色逆转奠定了基础，赢得了接下来的三局比赛，将比分扳为三比三平。在最终决胜局中，双方来回交锋，惊心动魄，澳门银河综艺馆的观众都为之沸腾，马龙展示了其作为乒坛传奇的实力，凭借前三局胜利的势头，他以令人惊叹的方式（9-11, 9-11, 5-11, 11-8, 11-6, 11-4, 11-8）赢得了冠军。

This victory adds to impressive collection of his single's titles including two Olympic Gold medals (2016 and 2020), three World Championships in men's singles (2015, 2017 and 2019), three Men's World Cups (2012 and 2015). With the countdown to the Paris Olympic games on, can Ma Long add another Olympic gold to his collection?

这场胜利为他的单打比赛战绩再添辉煌，其中包括两届奥运会金牌（2016年和2020年）、三届世锦赛男单冠军（2015年、2017年和2019年）、三届世界杯男单冠军（2012年和2015年）。巴黎奥运会进入倒计时，马龙能否再添一枚奥运金牌呢？

“Indeed, I've secured quite a few titles, but they were mostly won when the finals were leaning in my favor from the start. This is the first time I've won a title after trailing significantly going into the match. It's a great confidence boost at this stage of my career. Defeating players like Wang Chuqin and Lin Gaoyuan provided a great psychological lift.”

马龙说：“事实上，我已获得不少冠军，但它们大多是在决赛上从一开始就对我有利而赢得的；这是我第一次在大落后之下夺冠，在我职业生涯来到这个阶段，是对我增强了很大的信心，击败王楚钦及林高远等球手，给我很大的心理提升。”

Disappointed to miss out on this occasion, Lin takes home silver. Still, he nonetheless enjoyed a fine outing, putting on an incredible performance to reach the semi-final, knocking out defending champion Fan Zhendong in the quarter-final in the process.

尽管错失良机，摘得银牌，林高远仍打出了精彩比赛，在四分之一决赛中表现出色，击败了卫冕冠军樊振东，成功晋级半决赛。

As the curtains close on a special and historic ITTF Men's and Women's Cup and a spectacular week of table tennis at the highest level, the table tennis community celebrates the exceptional performances of not only the athletes but also the host city of Macao, China in providing a platform to promote the sport globally and inspire the future generation.

随着具有特殊历史意义的国际乒联男子和女子世界杯比赛的落幕，以及持续一周最高水平乒乓球赛事的圆满结束，乒乓球界不仅肯定了运动员的出色表现，也赞扬了主办城市中国澳门提供了一个在全球推广乒乓球运动并激励下一代的平台。

20240423德国将实现性别自由

Germany eases gender change rules

From: BBC

The German parliament has passed a law making it easier for citizens and residents to legally change gender.

德国议会通过了一项法律，为公民和居民合法变更性别提供了便利。

It's also introducing hefty fines - in specific circumstances - for disclosing someone's prior registered name or gender without consent.

该法还规定，在特定情况下，未经同意披露他人曾用名或性别将被处以高额罚款。

Previously, changing your registered gender required a doctor's certificate and the approval of a family court.

此前，改变登记性别需要医生证明和家庭法院的批准。

Now over-18s can change to male, female or diverse, a third gender option that already exists under German law.

现在，年满18岁的人可更改为男性、女性或多元性别，这是德国法律中已有的第三种性别选择。

Three months on from a request for such a change, applicants will then have to appear at a registry office in person.

在提出此类变更申请三个月后，申请人必须亲自前往登记处办理。

You can also request that no details regarding your gender are registered at all.

申请人也可要求不登记任何性别信息。

The intentional and harmful disclosure of someone's prior name or legal gender could attract a fine of up to €10,000.

故意且恶意披露他人的曾用名或法定性别，可能面临高达10,000欧元的罚款。

However, there are exceptions - for example if it's a legal requirement due to court proceedings or police investigations.

然而，如果因法庭诉讼或警方调查需要，披露这些信息仍然是合法的。

First names will need to represent the new legal gender - so a male entry requires a recognised male first name while a female entry requires a recognised female first name.

申请变更的姓名必须与新的法定性别相符，即性别男性需要公认的男性名，性别女性则需公认的女性名。

Fourteen- to 18-year-olds will need the consent of parents or legal guardians, while under-14s will need their parents or legal guardians to make the declaration.

14至18岁的青少年变更性别需要获得父母或法定监护人的同意。而14岁以下的儿童，则必须由父母或法定监护人代为申请。

No further change or reversion can be made within 12 months of an application being granted.

一旦变更申请获批，12个月内不得再次更改或撤销。

The law allows for those operating spaces - such as women's gyms and changing rooms - to still decide who has access to them.

该法律允许特定场所（如女性健身房和更衣室）的运营者自行决定谁可以使用这些场地。

Applications from male to female or to diverse, made less than two months prior to a national defence emergency, will be put on hold.

在国防紧急情况发生前两个月内提出从男性转为女性或多元性别的申请将会暂停受理。

The new rules will come into effect on 1 November having been promised in the "traffic light" coalition agreement.

根据德国三党联合组阁协议中的承诺，新规将于11月1日生效。

Chancellor Olaf Scholz said: "We show respect to trans, intersex and non-binary people - without taking anything away from others. This is how we continue to drive the modernisation of our country. This includes recognising realities of life and making them possible by law."

德国总理奥拉夫·朔尔茨（Olaf Scholz）说：“我们向跨性别者、双性人和非二元性别人士表示尊重，同时不剥夺其他人的权益。这就是我们继续推动国家现代化的方式。这包括承认生活现实，并通过法律使其成为可能。”

Nyke Slawik, from the Greens - who is transgender - said it was a "first step" towards a society which allows self-determination for trans people.

来自绿党的跨性别者奈克·斯洛维克（Nyke Slawik）表示，这是迈向允许跨性别者自我决定社会的“第一步”。

Conservatives and the far-right AfD were among those to speak out against the plans with warnings the legislation could be misused.

保守党和极右翼德国选择党等公开反对方警告称，这些立法可能遭滥用。

Concerns were also voiced about the impact on young people. "Minors, without proper consultation, could choose a path they might regret later on," said the CDU's Mareike Wulf.

也有人担心这会对年轻人产生影响。德国基督教民主联盟的马雷克·沃尔夫（Mareike Wulf）说：“未经充分咨询的情况下，未成年人可能会做出他们将来会后悔的决定。”

The Self-Determination Act was passed with 374 ayes to 251 no's and 11 abstentions.

《自决法》最终以374票赞成、251票反对、11票弃权获得通过。

20240424文科生，也要飞天啦

China To Send Fresh Crew To Tiangong Space Station On Thursday

From: AFP

China will send a fresh crew to its Tiangong space station on Thursday evening, Beijing's Manned Space Agency announced, the latest mission in a programme that aims to send astronauts to the Moon by 2030.

中国载人航天工程办公室宣布，中国将于周四晚间向天宫空间站派出新航天员乘组，这是中国载人航天计划的最新任务，该计划旨在将航天员送至月球，预定在2030年前完成。

The Shenzhou-18 mission -- crewed by three astronauts -- is scheduled to take off at 8:59 pm Thursday from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China, Beijing announced Wednesday.

北京载人航天工程局周三宣布，搭载三名航天员的神舟十八号载人飞船，计划于周四晚上8:59从中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射。

It will be led by Ye Guangfu, a fighter pilot and astronaut who was previously part of the Shenzhou-13 crew in 2021.

此次任务将由战斗机飞行员兼航天员叶光富担任指令长，此前他参与了2021年神舟十三号任务。

He will be joined by astronauts Li Cong and Li Guangsu, who are heading into space for the first time.

他的队友李聪和李广苏将是首次进入太空。

At a press conference on Wednesday, Commander Ye described the launch as a "new beginning".

在周三的新闻发布会上，指令长叶光富称此次飞行是一次“全新的开始”。

"Facing the challenge, my two teammates and I are fully prepared. We are full of confidence in completing this mission!" he said.

他说：“面对挑战，我和我的两位队友（以及整个航天团队），已经做好了充足的准备，对于完成这次任务，我们信心满满。”

Li Guangsu, in turn, said he wanted to take a "good look at the beautiful blue planet, the splendid mountains and rivers of the motherland, and find the places that have nurtured me along the way".

李广苏则表示，他想“好好看一看美丽的蓝色星球，看一看祖国的锦绣山河，找一找一路走来养育培养过我的地方”。

"I also want to see for my lovely child if the stars in the sky can really twinkle or not," he added.

“也想替我可爱的孩子看一看天上的星星到底会不会眨眼，”他补充道。

The latest batch of Tiangong astronauts will stay in orbit for six months, carrying out experiments in gravity and physics, as well as in life sciences.

新一批天宫航天员将在轨道上停留6个月，开展重力、物理和生命科学实验。

They will also carry out a "project on high-resolution global greenhouse gas detection", Deputy Director General of the CMSA Lin Xiqiang said, according to state news agency Xinhua.

据国家通讯社新华社报道，中国载人航天工程办公室副主任林西强表示，他们还将开展“高分辨率全球温室气体探测”项目。

"All pre-launch preparations are on schedule," he said.

他说：“目前，任务各项准备工作正在稳步推进。”

"They will work with other active astronauts to carry out the follow-up space station missions and to realise the country's manned lunar landing."

“他们（第四批航天员）将和现役航天员一起，实施空间站后续任务，并实现中国人登陆月球。”

The Tiangong, which means "heavenly palace", is the crown jewel of a space programme that has landed robotic rovers on Mars and the Moon, and made China the third country to independently put humans in orbit.

天宫，意即“天上宫殿”，是中国航天计划的顶尖成就，该计划已成功将机器人探测器送至火星和月球，并使中国成为第三个将人类独立送入轨道的国家。

It is constantly crewed by rotating teams of three astronauts, with construction completed in 2022.

天宫空间站始终由三名航天员组成的乘组轮换驻守，该空间站于2022年完工。

The Tiangong is expected to remain in low Earth orbit at between 400 and 450 kilometres (250 and 280 miles) above the planet for at least 10 years.

天宫空间站预计将在离地球400至450公里（250至280英里）的近地轨道上运行至少10年。

The new crew will replace the Shenzhou-17 team, who were sent to the station in October.

新乘组将接替去年十月份前往空间站的神舟十七号乘组。

Plans for China's "space dream" have been put into overdrive.

中国“太空梦”计划正在加速推进。

The world's second-largest economy has pumped billions of dollars into its space programme in an effort to catch up with the United States and Russia.

作为全球第二大经济体，中国投入了数十亿美元于其航天项目，力图赶超美国和俄罗斯。

Beijing also aims to send a crewed mission to the Moon by 2030, and plans to build a base on the lunar surface.

中国还计划在2030年前向月球发射载人飞船，并计划在月球表面建立基地。

China's space agency said on Wednesday it had secured new international partners for its planned lunar base, known as the International Lunar Research Station, which Beijing has said will be completed by 2030.

国家航天局周三表示，已为其计划中的月球基地（即国际月球科研站）找到了新的国际合作伙伴，该研究站计划于2030年前完工。

The partners include Nicaragua, the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization and the Arab Union for Astronomy and Space Sciences, Xinhua said.

新华社称，新增合作伙伴包括尼加拉瓜、亚太空间合作组织、阿拉伯天文学和空间科学联盟。

20240425姓名排序越靠前，成绩越好？

Students May Get Lower Grades Based on Their Surnames

From: Newsweek

Having the last name Atkins rather than Williams might mean you get better grades, according to new research.

一项最新研究表明，姓阿特金斯（Atkins）的学生将会比姓威廉姆斯（Williams）的取得更好的成绩。

Students with surnames that start with letters earlier in the alphabet tend to get better grades at school than those with surnames that appear later, claims a new study due to be published in the online journal Management Science.

一项即将发表于在线期刊《管理科学》（Management Science）上的新研究表明，姓氏首字母在字母表靠前的学生往往比姓氏首字母靠后的学生成绩更好。

This isn't due to the students themselves, however, as the researchers say it is the fault of the default ordering of student submissions in alphabetic order.

然而，研究人员指出，这一现象并非由学生个人因素造成，而是因为教学管理系统默认将学生答卷按字母顺序排列所致。

The researchers—from the University of Michigan—analyzed more than 30 million grading records from students at the university between the fall 2014 semester and the summer 2022 semester, and found that those with names later in the alphabet got lower grades.

密歇根大学的研究人员分析了该校学生在2014年秋季学期至2022年夏季学期期间的3000多万条成绩记录，发现那些名字首字母在字母表中靠后的学生成绩较低。

After enhancing this data with additional records on students' backgrounds, demographics, and academic progress at the university, they concluded that this pattern was due to grading biases relating to the order of student submissions on a management system named Canvas, which ranks the students in alphabetical order.

在进一步整合学生背景、人口统计学信息以及在校学业表现等数据后，研究人员得出结论，这种成绩偏差源于教学管理系统Canvas上的答卷呈现顺序，该系统按字母表顺序进行排列。

"We spend a lot of time thinking about how to make the grading fair and accurate, but even for me it was really surprising," study author Jun Li, an associate professor of technology and operations at the university's Ross School of Business, said in a statement.

该研究的作者、密歇根大学罗斯商学院（Ross School of Business）技术与运营副教授李君（Jun Li）在一份报告中说：“我们花了很多时间思考如何让打分公平准确，这一发现即便是对我来说也颇为惊讶。”

"It didn't occur to us until we looked at the data and realized that sequence makes a difference."

“直到我们查看了数据，才意识到顺序会产生影响。”

The paper describes how students whose surnames start with A, B, C, D or E got an average of 0.3 points higher out of 100 possible points compared to random grading, while those later in the alphabet received 0.3 points lower than random grading.

该论文指出，与随机排列的方式打分相比，姓氏以A、B、C、D或E开头的学生在满分100分的情况下平均高出0.3分，而姓氏在字母表靠后的学生则低0.3分。

For graders who ranked students Z-A instead, the same pattern was seen, but in reverse, with lower-alphabet students doing better than early-alphabet students.

而按Z-A逆序排列再进行打分时，也出现了同样的模式，但情况正好相反，姓氏在字母表靠后的学生比靠前的学生成绩更好。

"Our conclusion is this may be something that happened unconsciously by the graders that's actually creating a real social impact," study author Zhihan Wang, a researcher at the Stephen M. Ross School of Business, said in the statement.

该研究的作者、罗斯商学院的研究人员王芷涵在报告中说：“我们的结论是，这可能是阅卷者无意中的行为，但实际上产生了真正的社会影响。”

The researchers also found that lower-alphabet students receive feedback that is significantly more negative and less courteous, and the quality of their grading is lower, as indicated by the number of complaints from students after receiving their grades.

研究人员还发现，姓氏在字母表靠后的学生收到的反馈意见明显更负面、更不礼貌，且打分质量也更低，这一点可以从学生收到成绩后的投诉数量中看出。

"We kind of suspect that fatigue is one of the major factors that is driving this effect, because when you're working on something for a long period of time, you get tired and then you start to lose your attention and your cognitive abilities are dropping," study author Jiaxin Pei, a researcher from Michigan's School of Information, said in the statement.

该研究的作者、密歇根大学信息学院的研究人员裴嘉欣在报告中说：“我们有点怀疑，疲劳是造成这种现象的主要因素之一，因为当你长时间做某件事情时，你会感到疲劳，然后你开始注意力不集中，认知能力也会下降。”

The researchers suggest that one solution would be to rank students randomly, but the default mode on Canvas and other learning management software is alphabetical, so many might not think to change it.

研究人员建议，一种解决方案是对学生的答卷进行随机排列，但Canvas等教学管理软件默认是按字母表顺序排列的，因此很多人可能不会想到去更改。

They also suggest that graders could be trained to avoid such biases, or more graders could be hired for larger classes to avoid people getting tired towards the end of the list.

他们还建议，对阅卷人员进行培训，以避免出现这种偏差，或者在大班课程中增聘更多阅卷人员，以避免阅卷人员在阅卷接近尾声时感到疲惫。

Many students who have seen the presentation of this research at conferences have felt vindicated by the findings.

许多在会议上了解到这项研究报告的学生都觉得研究结果很有道理。

"A college student emailed us afterward asking us to share the paper with him," Li said. "He mentioned that his last name started with W. He's going to tell his parents it's not because of him—it's because of his last name."

李君老师指出：“一名大学生后来给我们发邮件，希望我们能分享这篇论文。他提到他的姓氏以W开头，他要告诉父母，成绩不好不是自己的原因，而是因为他的姓氏。”

20240426威尼斯成为全球首个收取游客入城费的城市

Venice entry fees: How much does it cost and how does it work?

From: The Independent

Venice has become the first city in the world to charge admission for daytrippers – it is now a city of culture, cuisine and charges.

威尼斯已成为世界上第一个向一日游游客收费的城市——现如今，它是一座文化、美食与收费（制度）并存的城市了。

Starting on Thursday 25 April 2024, visitors to the historic heart of Venice have had to pay €5 (￡4.30) to access the city between 8.30am and 4pm on key days in spring and summer. It is effectively a congestion charge for tourists.

自2024年4月25日星期四起，计划探访威尼斯历史中心的游客，在春夏季重要日子的上午8:30至下午4:00之间，需缴纳5欧元（约4.3英镑/约38.89元）的入城费。这本质上是针对游客征收的拥堵费。

A leading city transport and tourism official, Arianna Fracasso, told The Independent the scheme is aiming “to safeguard the city from overtourism”.

威尼斯的一位高级交通和旅游官员阿里安娜·弗拉卡索（Arianna Fracasso）在接受《独立报》（The Independent）采访时指出，此举旨在“保护城市免受超限旅游的影响”。

Around 30 million tourists visit Venice in a typical year – with about seven out of 10 (or 21 million) staying only for the day. Just before the Covid pandemic, Unesco warned the city's “status as a World Heritage property is in jeopardy”.

每年通常约有3000万游客涌入威尼斯，其中约70%（即2100万游客）仅为一日游。在新冠疫情爆发前不久，联合国教科文组织已警告称，威尼斯的“世界遗产地位岌岌可危”。

While tourists who stay overnight in Venice hotels are exempt from the fee, they must still register online and obtain a code that allows them to pass checkpoints and spot-checks by officials.

虽然在威尼斯酒店住宿的游客可以免交费用，但游客仍需在网上登记并获取通行码，以便通过检查站和工作人员的抽查。

Ms Fracasso said: “It's like a museum in the open air, so we want to safeguard it.”

弗拉卡索女士说：“这就像一座露天博物馆，所以我们要保护它。”

During 2024, charges apply for 29 days. The first is Italy's Liberation Day, commemorating the struggle of the Italian resistance movement against fascism during the Second World War.

2024年，有29天需要收费。第一个是意大利解放日（4月25日），纪念第二次世界大战期间意大利抵抗运动的反法西斯斗争。

The charge applies for the following 10 days, up to and including Sunday 5 May.

此后的10天，一直到5月5日星期日，均需缴纳入城费。

Visits on the seven subsequent weekends, up to and including Sunday 14 July, will also be subject to the fee. But from mid-July onwards, the charge will be lifted.

其后七个周末，直至7月14日（含）星期日为止，亦须缴纳费用。但从7月中旬起，将不再收费。

“It's an experimental thing just for this year,” Ms Fracasso said. “Next year, maybe it will be changed.”

弗拉卡索女士说：“这只是今年的一项试验性措施。明年可能会进行调整。”

Unesco warns that “Venice's 'Outstanding Universal Value', the hallmark of every World Heritage property” is in peril.

联合国教科文组织警告称，“威尼斯‘突出的普遍价值’，即每一处世界遗产的标志”，正处于危险之中。”

Cruise ships were banned from docking in the historic centre of Venice in 2021 in response to a request from the UN body that seeks to protect cultural heritage.

2021年，为了响应联合国保护文化遗产的要求，威尼斯禁止游轮在其历史中心停靠。

But Unesco remains concerned about “overtourism, the potential negative effects of new developments [and] the lack of an integrated management system”.

但联合国教科文组织仍对“超限旅游、新开发项目的潜在负面影响以及缺乏综合管理体系”表示担忧。

What happens to the cash collected? 这些缴纳费用将如何使用？

The pilot scheme as currently designed is not intended to make money, but to cover costs and to discern whether or not there is a deterrent effect on tourism.

目前的试点计划不是为了赚钱，而是为了覆盖成本，并评估其是否能有效抑制过度旅游现象。

The maximum fee allowed under the law is €10 (￡8.60).

法律规定的最高收费标准为10欧元（约8.6英镑/约77.78元）。

Is an access fee going to catch on elsewhere? 其他地方是否会跟进征收入城费？

The unique geography of Venice, comprising an archipelago accessible only by bridge or water, makes it one of the few cities where levying a charge is feasible. But other cities with concerns about overtourism, including Amsterdam, Barcelona and Dubrovnik, will be watching developments closely.

威尼斯的地理位置独特，是一个只能通过桥梁或水路进入的群岛，因此它是少数几个可以收费的城市之一。但其他担心过度旅游的城市，包括阿姆斯特丹、巴塞罗那和杜布罗夫尼克，也在密切关注这一趋势的发展。

20240427为什么外国人很少吃西瓜

Is Watermelon Good for You?

From: The New York Times

Is watermelon good for you? How much?

西瓜对人体有好处吗？有多大好处？

Watermelon is rich in nutrients – including vitamins A and C, B vitamins and potassium — but where it really packs a punch is with lycopene, the antioxidant pigment that gives the fruit its deep red color. Some studies suggest that lycopene may have cardiovascular benefits, including reducing the risk of stroke, and eating watermelon may slightly lower blood pressure. Researchers have also looked at lycopene’s possible role in protecting against various cancers, though evidence is scant.

西瓜营养丰富，包括维生素A、维生素C、B族维生素和钾，但西瓜最有用的成分是番茄红素，即让西瓜呈现出深红色的那种抗氧化剂色素。一些研究表明，番茄红素可能有益于心血管健康，包括降低中风风险，并且吃西瓜可能会轻微降低血压。研究人员还对番茄红素在预防各类癌症上可能起的作用进行了研究，不过证据不足。

You can get lycopene from tomatoes, particularly cooked and stewed tomatoes, but “on a fresh basis, you can’t do better than watermelon,” said Penelope Perkins-Veazie, a professor at North Carolina State University in Raleigh who has studied lycopene and is an unpaid science adviser to the National Watermelon Promotion Board. Red watermelon has more lycopene than other watermelon varieties, and “seedless watermelon tends to have more,” she said.

人们可从番茄，尤其是经过烹制的熟番茄中吸收番茄红素，但“在新鲜的情况下，西瓜是最好的，”在位于罗利的北卡罗来纳州立大学（North Carolina State University）研究番茄红素的教授佩内洛普·珀金斯-维齐（Penelope Perkins-Veazie）说，她同时还是全国西瓜促进委员会（National Watermelon Promotion Board）的无薪科学顾问。她表示，红色西瓜中的番茄红素比其他品种的西瓜多，且“无籽西瓜中的番茄红素往往更多”。

Lycopene from watermelon is also easily absorbed into the body. In one small study, researchers gave volunteers lycopene from tomato juice and lycopene from watermelon; the tomato juice had received heat treatments to boost absorption. They found the two groups had similar blood levels of lycopene.

西瓜中的番茄红素易被人体吸收。在一项小型研究中，研究人员向志愿者提供了番茄汁中的番茄红素和西瓜中的番茄红素。为了促进吸收，番茄汁经过了加热。研究人员发现，两组人的血液中的番茄红素含量相近。

Though watermelon doesn’t have as much fiber as many other fruits and vegetables, it is fat-free, contains a lot of water and is low in calories, with about 45 calories in a one-cup serving.

尽管西瓜的纤维含量不及其他很多水果和蔬菜，但它不含脂肪，水分丰富，热量低，一杯份西瓜中所含的热量仅为45卡路里左右。

Many people worry about the amount of sugar in watermelon, but “that’s a bit of a misconception, because the sugar content is actually lower than some other fruits, gram for gram,” said Jennifer McDaniel, a registered dietitian and spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. While a cup of diced watermelon has about nine grams of sugar, a medium banana contains 14 to 15 grams of sugar, as does a cup of blueberries. Dietary guidelines recommend adults eat two cups of fruit a day.

很多人担心西瓜的含糖量，但注册营养师、营养与饮食学会（Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics）发言人珍妮弗·麦克丹尼尔（Jennifer McDaniel）表示，“这里有一些误解，因为同等重量的话，西瓜的含糖量其实比其他一些水果还低。”一杯切成丁的西瓜所含的糖分约为9克，而一根中等大小的香蕉的含糖量为14到15克，和一杯蓝莓相当。一些膳食指南建议成年人一天吃两杯水果。

And while watermelon has a high glycemic index, a measure of a food’s ability to raise blood sugar levels, that also adds to the confusion. In fact, its high water content gives it a low glycemic load, meaning it does not raise blood sugar levels quickly in amounts typically eaten.

西瓜的血糖生成指数高——这是一个衡量食物提高血糖水平的能力的指标，这也进一步增加了人们的困惑。实际上，高含水量使西瓜的生糖负荷降低，也就是说按照常规的量食用西瓜不会导致血糖水平迅速升高。

20240428 HYBE怎么了？

NewJeans: The controversy shaking the K-pop world

From: BBC

Audits, allegations of copying, an emotional press conference, confused fans - the latest controversy shaking the K-pop world has it all.

审计、抄袭指控、一场情感激昂的记者会、困惑的粉丝——最近的争议风波震动了整个韩国流行音乐圈。

At the centre of it all - popular group NewJeans, the woman who is their creative director, and one of South Korea's biggest, most influential record labels.

争议的中心在于人气组合NewJeans、其创意总监，以及韩国最大、最具影响力的唱片公司之一。

The infighting between Hybe, the entertainment giant behind the success of BTS, and the head of its subsidiary label Ador has gripped the country for days now.

防弹少年团（BTS）成功的幕后推手娱乐巨头HYBE与其旗下子公司ADOR负责人之间的内斗，连日来已成为韩国的热议话题。

The tension peaked on Thursday when Min Hee-jin, CEO of Ador, gave a two-hour press conference where she sobbed several times and used expletive language.

双方的矛盾在周四达到顶峰，当天ADOR首席执行官闵熙珍（Min Hee-jin）举行了两个小时的记者会，其间多次落泪并飙出脏话。

"It's not me who betrayed Hybe, it's Hybe that betrayed me," the K-pop veteran said in the live-streamed event.

这位韩国流行音乐圈资深人士在直播中说：“不是我背叛了HYBE，而是HYBE背叛了我。”

"I don't know what you think, but I wanted to focus on NewJeans."

“我不知道你们怎么想，但我只想专注于NewJeans。”

Who are NewJeans? NewJeans是什么？

Formed by Ador in 2022, NewJeans is a five-member girl group - Minji, Hanni, Danielle, Haerin and Hyein - whose ages range from 16 to 20.

NewJeans由ADOR于2022年组建，是五人女子组合，分别是金玟池（MINJI）、范玉欣（HANNI）、牟智慧（DANIELLE）、姜谐潾（HAERIN）、李惠仁（HYEIN），年龄在16岁至20岁之间。

The group has cultivated a big following - its official Instagram account has nearly 12 million followers. They are also becoming a new favourite of investors. The group and its members have been appointed ambassadors of several global fashion brands.

NewJeans拥有庞大的粉丝群体，其官方Instagram账号拥有近1200万关注者，NewJeans也正逐渐成为投资者的新宠，该组合及其成员已被多个全球时尚品牌任命为形象大使。

In April, they even replaced K-pop sensation Blackpink as the face of the tourism board advertisements at Incheon airport - Korea's biggest.

今年4月，她们甚至取代了韩国流行音乐当红组合Blackpink，成为韩国最大机场仁川机场旅游宣传大使。

How did the controversy start? 争议是如何开始的？

It all started on Monday, when Hybe announced that it was launching an audit on its subsidiary label Ador and its executives including Ms Min. Hybe also called on her to step down.

争议始于本周一，HYBE宣布将对其子公司ADOR及其高管（包括闵熙珍）展开审计，并要求她辞职。

Hybe, which represents massive K-pop groups such as BTS and Seventeen, is South Korea's largest music firm. Ador was founded in 2021 as an independent label under the company and NewJeans is the only group it manages.

HYBE是韩国最大的音乐公司，旗下拥有防弹少年团和SEVENTEEN等重量级韩国流行音乐组合。ADOR成立于2021年，是该公司旗下的独立厂牌，而NewJeans是ADOR管理的唯一一个组合。

According to local media, Hybe accused Ms Min and others of plotting to go independent and take over control of the label, as well as leaking confidential information to attract investors.

据当地媒体报道，HYBE指控闵熙珍等人密谋独立并夺取该厂牌的控制权，以及泄露机密信息以吸引投资者。

Ms Min owns an 18% stake in Ador and Hybe owns an 80% stake. The other 2% is owned by other top executives in Ador.

闵熙珍拥有ADOR公司18%的股份，而Hybe持有80%的股份。另外2%的股份由ADOR的其他高管持有。

Ms Min denied the allegations and had accused Hybe of launching another girl group Illit that was copying NewJeans' music and appearance.

闵熙珍否认了这些指控，并指责HYBE推出的另一个女子组合Illit在音乐和形象上抄袭NewJeans。

What could happen next? 接下来会发生什么？

It is not immediately clear what each side will do next. But many local outlets speculate it is likely that the matter will be taken to court.

目前尚不清楚双方下一步将采取什么行动。但许多当地媒体猜测，此事很可能会诉诸法庭。

In the press conference, Ms Min said she wanted to sue Hybe for damages.

在记者会上，闵熙珍表示她想起诉HYBE，要求赔偿损失。

Hybe has requested a shareholders' meeting at Ador to dismiss Ms Min, according to local reports. But many believe it is unlikely to happen given the opposition from Ms Min and her team. If so Hybe will have to turn to the court to get permission to hold an urgent shareholders meeting, This can take up to two months.

据当地媒体报道，HYBE已要求ADOR召开股东大会解雇闵熙珍。但许多人认为，鉴于闵熙珍及其团队的反对，股东大会不太可能召开。如果是这样，HYBE将不得不向法院申请，以获得召开紧急股东大会的许可，这可能需要长达两个月的时间。

NewJeans haven't addressed the ongoing dispute. But they are not going to disappear from the public eye. The group has already revealed that they will release their new double single How Sweet in May. They started releasing teaser images for it on Friday.

NewJeans尚未对这场持续的纠纷发表评论。但他们不会从公众视线中消失。该组合已透露，将于五月发行全新双单曲《How Sweet》。他们已于周五开始发布预告照。

20240429广州龙卷风 长沙雷暴天 北方多地降雪

Tornado Kills 5 in Guangzhou, a Chinese City Battered by Recent Rains

From: The New York Times

A tornado that swept through the southern Chinese economic hub of Guangzhou killed five people and damaged scores of factory buildings on Saturday.

周六，一场龙卷风席卷了中国南部的经济中心广州，造成五人死亡，数十栋厂房受损。

The tornado struck at about 3 p.m. and injured another 33 people as it slammed through the Baiyun district, in the city's northern suburbs, the local government said. It lasted about four minutes. Hailstones, some with diameters of around 2 inches, also fell over parts of the city.

当地政府称，龙卷风于下午3点左右袭击了该市北郊的白云区，造成33人受伤。龙卷风持续了约四分钟。该市部分地区还降下冰雹，有的直径约5厘米。

Videos shared by Chinese official media showed transmission towers and power lines igniting and debris swirling in the air, against a backdrop of a giant funnel that had darkened the midafternoon sky.

中国官方媒体发布的视频显示，输电塔和电线火花四溅，各种碎片在空中飞舞，画面的远处有一个巨大的烟囱，午后的天空变得昏暗浑浊。

Guangzhou, a sprawling city of 19 million people and a manufacturing and technology hub, has been battered this month by heavy spring downpours. Flooding across Guangdong Province, of which Guangzhou is the capital, had already led to the evacuation of tens of thousands of people last week.

广州是一个拥有1900万人口的大城市，也是一个制造业和技术中心。上周，广东省各地的洪水已经导致数万人撤离。

The flow of warm, humid air from the South China Sea had led to the accumulation of a “large amount of unstable energy” near the ground, according to the Guangzhou government.

据广州市政府称，来自南海的暖湿气流导致“大量不稳定能量”在地面附近积聚。

The authorities said a total of 141 factory buildings were damaged by the tornado and latest rains. Guangdong's meteorological authorities said the tornado had been a level 3 out of 5, which signals wind speeds between 136 and 165 mph.

当局称，共有141栋厂房在龙卷风和最近的降雨中受损。广东省气象部门称，龙卷风为三级（最高五级），风速在每小时218至265公里之间。

Search and rescue work had been concluded by Saturday evening, state media said. But officials warned that torrential rains and heavy wind and lightning would likely continue in Guangzhou in the coming days, as China prepares for a five-day Labor Day holiday beginning Wednesday.

官方媒体称，搜救工作已于周六傍晚结束。但官员们警告，未来几天广州可能会持续暴雨、大风和闪电，而中国准备从周三开始为期五天的劳动节假期。

One video shared by the Guangzhou government reminded residents not to go outdoors in heavy hail, or if they had to, to wear helmets.

广州市政府分享的一段视频提醒市民不要在大冰雹天气下外出，如果必须外出，也要戴上头盔。

The brown waters of the Pearl River flow through the heart of Guangzhou, much of which is very low-lying and has a long history of flooding.

泥黄色的珠江流经广州市中心，这里大部分地区地势低洼，洪水泛滥的历史由来已久。

The city has undertaken extensive efforts over the past few decades to improve its resistance to the inundations that have long accompanied the annual arrival of heavy rainstorms in late spring.

长期以来，每年春末暴雨来临时，广州都会出现洪水泛滥的情况，在过去几十年里，该市为提高抗洪能力做出了大量努力。

Municipal regulations have required in recent years that new apartment buildings have shops, not apartments, on the ground floor. The goal is to minimize the risk to human life during floods.

近年来，市政法规要求新建公寓楼的底层必须是商铺，而不是公寓。这样做的目的是尽量减少洪水对人类生命造成的威胁。

Janet Yellen, the U.S. treasury secretary, visited Guangzhou during an official visit to China earlier this month. The city recently held the Canton Fair, a major trade exhibition.

本月初，美国财政部长耶伦在对中国进行正式访问期间访问了广州。广州最近举办了大型贸易展览——广交会。

20240430结婚纪念日发黑白照？

Prince William, Kate Middleton mark 13^th anniversary with never-before-seen wedding photo

From: ABC NEWS

Prince William and Kate, the Princess of Wales, are celebrating their 13^th wedding anniversary.

威廉王子和凯特王妃正在庆祝结婚十三周年纪念日。

The couple, who wed on April 29, 2011, marked the occasion publicly by sharing on social media a never-before-seen portrait of themselves taken on their wedding day inside Buckingham Palace.

这对夫妇于2011年4月29日结婚，他们在社交媒体上分享了婚礼当天在白金汉宫内拍摄的一张未公开过的照片，以此来纪念这一时刻。

The photographer who took the photo, Millie Pilkington, shared the photo on her own social media, writing on Instagram, "Wishing the @princeandprincessofwales the very happiest wedding anniversary."

拍摄这张照片的摄影师米莉·皮尔金顿（Millie Pilkington）在自己的社交媒体上分享了这张照片，并在Instagram上写道：“祝@威尔士王子和王妃结婚周年纪念日快乐！”

"Can't believe it is 13 years ago almost to the hour, that I took this portrait," she captioned the photo, which shows a smiling William with his hands resting on the waist of Kate, who is also smiling and holding her wedding bouquet. "So excited and honoured that they should wish to share it."

“真不敢相信，13年前的今天，几乎就在这个时刻，我拍下了这张照片，”她写道，照片中的威廉面带微笑，双手扶在凯特的腰上，凯特也面带微笑，手捧婚礼花束。“他们愿意分享这张照片，我感到非常激动和荣幸。”

William and Kate were married in Westminster Abbey, which on Monday shared a video on X of the couple leaving the church on their special day.

威廉和凯特的婚礼在威斯敏斯特教堂举行。周一，威斯敏斯特教堂在X平台上分享了两人在结婚当天走出教堂的视频。

The Waleses were married in front of nearly 2,000 people inside Westminster Abbey, and in front of a global TV audience of millions that also watched them say their vows.

在威斯敏斯特教堂里，威尔士夫妇在近2000人的见证下举行了婚礼，全球数百万电视观众也观看了他们的婚礼。

After the wedding, William and Kate traveled by carriage to Buckingham Palace, where they kissed on the balcony.

婚礼结束后，威廉和凯特乘马车前往白金汉宫，在阳台上拥吻。

Over one decade later, William and Kate are now the Prince and Princess of Wales, titles they were given after the death of Queen Elizabeth II in 2022, and the parents of three children, Princes George and Louis and Princess Charlotte.

十多年后，威廉和凯特已成为威尔士亲王和王妃，这一头衔是2022年英国女王伊丽莎白二世逝世后赋予的，他们育有三个孩子：乔治王子、路易斯王子和夏洛特公主。

The couple celebrated Louis's sixth birthday on April 23, and will celebrate Charlotte's ninth birthday later this week, on May 2.

这对夫妇在4月23日庆祝了路易斯的六岁生日，并将在本周晚些时候，即5月2日庆祝夏洛特的九岁生日。

George, their eldest child, will turn 11 on July 22.

他们的长子乔治将于7月22日迎来11岁生日。

The celebrations of birthdays and William and Kate's wedding anniversary comes amid a difficult year for both the Wales family and their extended royal family.

威尔士家族和他们的王室大家庭在这艰难的一年里迎来了威廉与凯特的结婚纪念日及其孩子们的庆生活动。

Kate announced in late March that she was diagnosed with cancer after undergoing abdominal surgery in January.

凯特在3月底宣布，她在1月份接受腹部手术后被诊断出患有癌症。

The type of cancer has not been disclosed. According to Kensington Palace, Kate started a course of preventative chemotherapy in late February.

根据肯辛顿宫的说法，凯特从2月底开始接受预防性化疗，但尚未披露她具体患有何种癌症。

Kate is continuing to take time off public duties, while William returned to work in mid-April for the first time since Kate's diagnosis.

凯特王妃仍在休假，威廉王子在4月中旬重返工作岗位，这是凯特王妃确诊后他首次回归工作。

Just a few weeks before Kate announced her cancer diagnosis, Buckingham Palace revealed her father-in-law, King Charles III, was diagnosed with cancer.

就在凯特宣布确诊癌症的几周前，白金汉宫透露她的公公英国国王查尔斯三世也被诊断出患有癌症。

The palace has not specified the type of cancer Charles was diagnosed with, the stage of cancer or the type of treatment he is undergoing.

白金汉宫没有具体说明查尔斯具体患有何种癌症、癌症阶段以及他正在接受的治疗类型。

Charles, who celebrated his 19^th wedding anniversary with his wife, Queen Camilla, on April 9, is expected to resume a modified schedule of public duties this week, beginning with a visit to a cancer treatment center on Tuesday.

查尔斯于4月9日与妻子卡米拉王后庆祝了结婚十九周年纪念日，预计本周将恢复调整后的公务日程，首先将于周二访问一家癌症治疗中心。

20240501梅大高速塌陷已致24人死亡

Expressway Collapses in Southern China Amid Heavy Rains, Killing 24

From: The New York Times

A nearly 60-foot segment of an expressway in a rural area of southeastern China collapsed before dawn on Wednesday after days of heavy rain, killing 24 people and injuring 30 others.

周三黎明前，中国东南部农村地区高速公路上一段近60英尺（约18米）长的路面在连日暴雨后坍塌，造成24人死亡，30人受伤。

Photos released after the incident appeared to show that a landslide had begun under two lanes of an expressway that ran along the side of a hill. A wide, brown scar of mud ran down the side of the hill between bright green foliage, leaving a large gap in the expressway.

事故发生后公布的照片显示，沿着山坡一侧的高速公路下两条车道似乎发生了山体滑坡。山坡上一道宽阔的棕色泥土痕迹穿过鲜绿的植被，在高速公路上留下了一个巨大的缺口。

Vehicles lay jumbled at the base of the hill below the hole, blackened and still smoking from a fire that had burned vigorously during the night, drawing a large number of fire trucks to the area.

许多车辆在坍塌地点下方的山脚错乱堆放，部分车辆被夜间的大火烧焦，且仍在冒烟，众多消防车赶往现场。

The state news media said that many of the survivors were seriously injured, with drivers and passengers alike suffering severe bone fractures and injuries to internal organs.

官方新闻媒体称，许多幸存者伤势严重，司机和乘客均遭受严重骨折和内脏损伤。

A witness told the state news media that he had heard a loud bang and briefly struggled to retain control of his car. He then realized that the road had collapsed right behind him and cars following him had disappeared into the void.

一名目击者告诉官方新闻媒体，他听到一声巨响，曾一度难以控制自己的汽车。随后他意识到身后的道路坍塌了，而紧随其后的车辆不见了。

Expressway traffic is especially heavy across China with the start of a five-day national holiday on Wednesday. The section of expressway that collapsed was on the eastern outskirts of Meizhou, a city in Guangdong Province. Many victims were on their way to the neighboring Fujian Province as the holiday began.

周三正值五天的全国假期开始，中国各地的高速公路交通尤为繁忙。坍塌的这段高速公路位于广东省梅州市东郊。许多遇难者在假期开始时正前往邻近的福建省。

More than 500 rescuers from the police as well as emergency and other departments were deployed. The local traffic police sealed the expressway off from traffic in both directions.

事故发生后，公安、应急等部门投入约500多人参与现场救援。当地交警已将该高速公路路段双向封闭。

Much of the northeastern corner of Guangdong, where the accident occurred, is rugged country with hilly terrain. Another section of the same expressway was briefly closed in April last year after a landslide covered the road with mud. No death or injuries were reported then.

事故发生地点位于广东省东北部，大部分地区地势崎岖、多为丘陵。去年4月，该高速公路的另一段也曾因山体滑坡泥土覆盖而短暂封闭，幸无死伤报告。

A continuous accumulation of humid and warm air, coming from the South China Sea to the southwest, has left southern China with a prolonged period of severe weather in the past two months. The Central Meteorological Observatory issued orange warnings seven times in April.

在过去的两个月里，来自中国南海的湿热空气不断向西南方向积聚，中国南方遭受了长时间的恶劣天气。中央气象台在4月份发布了七次橙色预警。

On Saturday, a rare tornado and a hailstorm swept neighboring Guangzhou city, a production hub in southern China, killing five and injuring 33. And on Tuesday, Shenzhen Airport issued an orange warning for large-scale flight delays for the first time this year.

周六，一场罕见的龙卷风和冰雹席卷了邻近的广州市——中国南部的生产中心，造成5人死亡，33人受伤。本周二，深圳机场今年首次发布大面积航班延误橙色预警。

20240502美国一对夫妻彩票中奖13亿美元与朋友平分

Winner of $1.3B Powerball jackpot identified as Laos immigrant who is battling cancer

From: Fox Business

The winner of the $1.3 billion Powerball jackpot has been identified as an immigrant from Laos who is in the midst of battling cancer.

13亿美元强力球彩票头奖的得主是一位来自老挝的移民，目前正在与癌症作斗争。

The Oregon Lottery announced Monday that Cheng "Charlie" Saephan, 46, won the fourth-largest Powerball jackpot, which was drawn earlier this month. He will split the prize with his wife, Duanpen, and friend Laiza Chao.

周一，俄勒冈州彩票官方宣布，46岁的程萨潘赢得了本月早些时候开出的第四大强力球彩票头奖。他将与妻子端本（Duanpen）和朋友赵莱扎（Laiza Chao）平分这些奖金。

Chao gave Saephan $100 toward his purchase of more than 20 tickets for the game.

赵先生给了萨潘100美元，供他购买20多张强力球彩票。

Saephan, a longtime Portland resident born in Laos, purchased the winning ticket at a Portland-area Plaid Pantry a day before the April 7 drawing that scored him, his wife and friend their $1.3 billion windfall, the lottery said.

彩票官方称，萨潘长期居住在波特兰，出生于老挝。4月7日开奖前一天，他在波特兰地区的Plaid Pantry便利店购买了该彩票，他和妻子、朋友因此获得了13亿美元的意外之财。

The win was particularly meaningful for Saephan and his wife, as he is facing a recurrence of cancer.

这次中奖对萨潘和他的妻子来说意义非凡，因为他正面临着癌症复发。

To collect the massive windfall, the group accepted a one-time cash lump sum of about $422.3 million to divide among the three of them. It is relatively common for lottery winners to go that route, as FOX Business has previously reported.

为了领取这笔巨额奖金，他们选择了一次性领取约4.223亿美元的现金分红。据《福克斯商业》（Fox Business）此前报道，这种领奖方式在彩票中奖者中相对常见。

Saephan and his wife will use the winnings to live "worry free" amid his cancer battle, according to the Oregon Lottery.

据俄勒冈州彩票官方称，萨潘和他的妻子将利用这笔奖金在癌症斗争中“无忧无虑”地生活。

"I prayed to God to help me," Saephan said. "My kids are young and I'm not that healthy."

“我祈求上帝帮助我，”萨潘说。“我的孩子还小，而我的健康状况不太理想。”

Lottery players in Oregon have a year to claim the top prize and, in most cases, cannot remain anonymous.

在俄勒冈州，彩票中奖者有一年的时间来领奖，而且在多数情况下无法匿名领奖。

The Oregon Lottery said the winner verification process "involves security measures and vetting that will take time before a winner can be announced."

俄勒冈州彩票官方表示，中奖者核验过程“包括多重安全措施和审查，需要一段时间才能公布中奖者。”

The Saephans and Chao aren't the only ones seeing a windfall from the $1.3 billion jackpot drawing.

赛潘夫妇和赵先生并不是这次13亿美元大奖的唯一受益者。

The Plaid Pantry that sold the ticket gets $100,000 as well, according to the state lottery.

据州彩票规定，售出这张彩票的Plaid Pantry便利店也获得了10万美元的奖金。

The convenience store was no stranger to lottery jackpots, having sold the ticket for a $3.3 million Megabucks grand prize in 2023, according to the Oregon Lottery.

据俄勒冈州彩票官方称，这家便利店对彩票头奖并不陌生，曾在2023年售出过一张330万美元大奖的Megabucks彩票。

Powerball's current jackpot hovered around $178 million. Meanwhile, fellow lottery Mega Millions has a $257 million pot up for grabs later Tuesday.

强力球彩票目前的头奖徘徊在1.78亿美元左右。与此同时，同类彩票Mega Millions周二晚些时候将开出2.57亿美元的大奖。

20240503人人人人人你人人人人人

For Labour Day break, Chinese tourists journey to Japan, visa-free destinations as South Korea's appeal wanes

From: SCMP

During China's ongoing “golden week” holiday, South Korea is expected to see a decline in Chinese tourists compared with pre-pandemic levels, travel agents said, as holidaymakers are increasingly favouring visa-free destinations and neighbouring Japan, enticed by a weakened yen.

旅行社表示，在中国“黄金周”假期期间，预计前往韩国的中国游客数量将比疫情前有所下降，而受日元疲软的诱惑，游客越来越青睐免签目的地和邻国日本。

The shift in tourist preferences presents challenges for South Korea's tourism sector as it grapples with the enduring impact of the pandemic, particularly given the significant spending power of Chinese visitors.

在疫情的长期影响下，游客偏好的转变对韩国的旅游业带来了挑战，特别是考虑到中国游客的巨大消费能力，这一点尤其重要。

A number of Chinese visa agents said that the number of Chinese people applying for South Korean visas ahead of the five-day Labour Day holiday, which started on Wednesday, plummeted compared with the same period in 2019, before the pandemic hit in 2020.

多家中国签证代理机构表示，在周三开始的五一劳动节五天假期前，申请韩国签证的中国人数与2020年疫情前的2019年同期相比大幅下降。

Wang Xin, a travel agent with Beijing Tianping International Travel, who specialises in visa services, said the number of people seeking South Korean travel visa services had dropped by at least a third compared with 2019 levels.

北京天平国际旅行社（Beijing Tianping International Travel）专门从事签证服务的旅行社代理王欣（Wang Xin，音译）说，寻求韩国旅游签证服务的人数比2019年至少减少了三分之一。

“This year, many Chinese went to Japan instead, thanks to the low exchange rate,” Wang said, adding that the number of clients who came to him for Japanese visas before the holiday was up by at least 20 per cent versus five years ago.

“今年，由于汇率低，许多中国人转而去了日本。”王欣说，节前来找他办理日本签证的客户数量比五年前至少增加了20%。

Other Chinese travel agents also expressed similar sentiments, saying that South Korea's allure had declined among Chinese tourists, with some noting that their numbers were only a fraction of what they used to be.

其他中国旅行社也表达了类似的看法，认为韩国对中国游客的吸引力已经下降，一些旅行社指出，现在的游客数量只有以前的一小部分。

They are flocking to Japan as the yen has fallen to a three-decade low against the US dollar, spending generously and propelling Japan to the status of most-sought-after destination during the holiday, as reported by Chinese online travel agencies.

据中国在线旅行社报道，由于日元对美元汇率跌至三十年来的最低点，中国游客纷纷涌向日本，大肆消费，使日本成为假期最热门的旅游目的地。

“If many travellers choose Korea primarily for shopping, and with Japan offering more favourable exchange rates, it's logical that this portion of travellers would shift towards Japan,” said Zhou Mingqi, founder of China-based tourism consultancy Jingjian Consulting. “One country's loss is another country's gain.”

中国旅游咨询公司上海景鉴企业管理咨询有限公司的创始人周鸣岐说：“如果许多游客选择韩国主要是为了购物，那么日本有更优惠的汇率后，这部分游客转向日本也就顺理成章了。一个国家的损失就是另一个国家的得益。”

Chinese people are also showing a preference for the easier option of travelling to countries that do not require a travel visa, such as Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Georgia and Egypt, among others, as reported by online travel platforms in China.

据中国在线旅游平台报告，中国人也倾向于选择前往不需要旅游签证的国家，如泰国、马来西亚、新加坡、格鲁吉亚和埃及等。

“Chinese travellers now have more options for their outbound trips. In situations where Korea's relationship with China is not friendly, Chinese tourists can choose to visit other countries,” said Zhang Huizhi, a professor of Northeast Asian studies at Jilin University in China.

“现在，中国游客出境游有了更多选择。在中韩关系不友好的情况下，中国游客可以选择去其他国家旅游，"中国吉林大学东北亚研究教授张慧智说。

“Additionally, many countries now offer visa-free entry for Chinese citizens, making travel more convenient. Korea, on the other hand, still requires visa applications and other procedures, lacking competitiveness in terms of convenience.”

“此外，现在很多国家都对中国公民实行免签入境政策，这使得旅游更加方便。而韩国还需要申请签证等手续，在便利性方面缺乏竞争力。”

In China, the Labour Day holiday serves as a crucial barometer for consumption and tourism. Major airports across the country were anticipating surges in both domestic and international travel.

五一劳动节假期在中国是一个观察消费和旅游趋势的重要时期。全国各大机场预计在这期间国内外旅游人数将显著增加。

20240504“胖猫”事件引发关注

What Romantic Regime Are You In?

From: The New York Times

Polina Aronson spent her first 16 years in Russia. There, people tend to regard love as a sort of divine madness that descends from the heavens. Love is regarded, as the sociologist Julia Lerner put it, as “a destiny, a moral act and a value; it is irresistible, it requires sacrifice and implies suffering and pain.” Russians measure one another by how well they are able to bear the upheaval love brings, sometimes to an absurd degree.

波莉娜·阿伦森（Polina Aronson）在俄罗斯度过了人生最初的16年。在那里，人们倾向于把爱看作一种从天而降的神性的疯狂。正如社会学家朱莉娅·勒纳（Julia Lerner）所说，爱情被认为是“一种命运，一种道德行为和一种价值；它是不可抗拒的，它要求牺牲，意味着折磨和痛苦”。俄罗斯人通过承受爱情带来的动荡的能力来衡量彼此，有时达到荒谬的程度。

But when she was in high school, Aronson moved to America, and stumbled across an issue of Seventeen magazine. She was astounded. In America she noticed that people tended ask: Does a partner fulfill your needs? Do you feel comfortable asserting your rights in the relationship? Does your partner check the right boxes?

但是，上高中后，阿伦森搬到了美国，她偶然翻看《十七妙龄》杂志（Seventeen）的某一期。她感到震惊。她注意到，在美国，人们经常会问：你的伴侣能满足你的需求吗？你赞成在恋爱中主张自己的权利吗？你的伴侣具备你想要的东西吗？

Aronson concluded that she had moved from the Russian Regime of Fate to the American Regime of Choice.

阿伦森认定，她已经从俄罗斯的“命运制”转向了美国的“选择制”。

“The most important requirement for choice is not the availability of multiple options,” she writes in Aeon magazine. “It is the existence of a savvy, sovereign chooser who is well aware of his needs and who acts on the basis of self-interest.”

“选择最重要的要求不是有多个选项，”她在《万古》网络杂志（Aeon）上写道，“而是有一个精明的、有主权的选择者，他/她非常了解自己的需求，根据自我利益行事。”

The Regime of Choice encourages a certain worldly pragmatism. It nurtures emotionally cool, semi-isolated individuals. If the Russian model is too reckless, the American model involves too much calculation and gamesmanship. “The greatest problem with the Regime of Choice stems from its misconception of maturity as absolute self-sufficiency,” Aronson writes. “Attachment is infantilized. The desire for recognition is rendered as ‘neediness.' Intimacy must never challenge ‘personal boundaries.'”

选择制鼓励某种世俗的实用主义。它培养情感冷静、半孤立的个人。如果说俄罗斯的模式太鲁莽，那么美国的模式涉及太多的计算和招数。“选择制的最大问题源于它错误地认为成熟就是绝对自立，”阿伦森写道。“依恋被认为是幼稚的表现。对承认的渴望被视为‘缠人'。亲密永远不能挑战‘个人底线'。”

Indeed, a lot of our social fragmentation grows out of the detached, utilitarian individualism that this regime embodies.

事实上，我们的很多社会分裂源于这个体系所体现的分离的、追求功利的个人主义。

The dating market becomes a true market, where people carefully appraise each other, looking for red flags. The emphasis is on the prudential choice, selecting the right person who satisfies your desires. But somehow as people pragmatically “select” each other, marriage as an institution has gone into crisis. Marriage rates have plummeted at every age level. Most children born to women under 30 are born outside of wedlock. The choice mind-set seems to be self-defeating.

约会市场成了真正的市场，人们仔细地互相评价，留意对方的不良表现。重点是审慎地选择，挑选满足你愿望的合适的人。但不知为何，当人们从实用主义的角度“选择”彼此时，婚姻作为一种体制就陷入危机了。所有年龄层的结婚率都暴跌。30岁以下的女性所生的孩子大多是非婚生的。选择心态似乎在自我毁灭。

Even those of us who have had humbling experiences in this realm can look at those who seem to have this lifelong thing figured out and see a different set of attitudes and presuppositions, which you might call a Regime of Covenants. A covenant is not a choice, but a life-altering promise and all the binding the promise entails.

就连我们这些在该领域经验不多的人，也可以在那些似乎已搞定这件终身大事的人身上看到一套不同的态度和假设，你可以称之为“契约制”。契约不是选择，而是改变生活的承诺以及这个承诺所带来的束缚。

The Regime of Covenants acknowledges the fact that we don't really choose our most important attachments the way you choose a toaster. In the flux of life you meet some breathtakingly amazing people, usually in the swirl of complex circumstances. There is a sense of being blown around by currents more astounding than you can predict and control. Mostly you're bumblingly trying to figure out the right response to the moments you're in.

契约制承认这样一个事实：我们选择最重要伴侣的方式与选择烤面包机的方式并不相同。在人生的洪流中，你会遇到一些让你心潮澎湃的了不起的人——通常是在复杂的漩涡中。你会有一种被电击的感觉，超出了你的预期和可控范围。大多数情况下，你在慌乱地试图弄清这种时候你的正确反应该是什么。

When you are drawn together and make a pledge with a person, the swirl doesn't end; it's just that you'll ride it together. In the Regime of Covenants, making the right one-time selection is less important than the ongoing action to serve the relationship.

当你们被拉到一起，共同做出承诺时，那个漩涡并没有停止，你们只是要一起驾驭它。在契约制中，比做出一次正确选择更重要的是不断努力为这段关系服务。

The Covenant people tend to have a “we” consciousness. The good of the relationship itself comes first and the needs of the partner are second and the individual needs are third. The covenant only works if each partner, as best as possible, puts the other's needs above his or her own, with the understanding that the other will reciprocate.

订立契约的人往往具有“我们”的意识。关系本身的良好状态是第一位的，伴侣的需求是第二位的，个人的需求排在第三位。只有每个伴侣都尽可能地把对方的需求置于个人需求之上、知道对方会做出回报，契约才能成立。

The underlying truth of a Covenantal Regime is that you have to close off choice if you want to get to the promised land. The people one sees in long, successful marriages have walked the stations of vulnerability. They've overthrown the proud ego and learned to be utterly dependent on the other. They've faced the ways they are difficult to be with and tried to address them. They've gone through all the normal episodes of confession, apology, defensiveness, forgiveness and loving the other most when there's nothing lovely about them.

契约制的根本真理是，如果你想到达承诺之地，你必须停止选择。长久成功的婚姻中的人已经走过了那些脆弱的站点。他们克服了自负，学会了完全依赖对方。他们遇到过难以应对的情况，努力克服了它们。他们经历了所有正常的表白、道歉、辩解和宽恕，在对方毫无可爱之处的时候给予他/她最多的爱。

You only do all this if you've set up a framework in which exit is not an easy option, in which you're assured the other person's love is not going away, and in which the only way to survive the crises is to go deeper into the relationship itself.

只有在你知道退出不是一个容易的选择时，在你确定对方的爱不会消失时，在你知道化解危机的唯一方式是更加深入这份感情时，你才会做所有这些。

The final feature of a covenant is that the relationship is not just about itself; it serves some larger purpose. The obvious one in many cases is raising children. But the deeper one is transformation. People in such a covenant try to love the other in a way that brings out their loveliness. They hope that through this service they'll become a slightly less selfish version of themselves.

契约的最后一个特性是，这段恋情不只是关于它本身，而是服务于一些更大的目标。在很多情况下，最明显的目标是养育孩子。但更深的目标是实现自我转变。订立契约的人努力去爱对方，在这个过程中激发了自己的可爱之处。他们希望因此变得不像从前那么自私。

The Covenant Regime is based on the idea that our current formula is a conspiracy to make people unhappy. Love is realistically a stronger force than self-interest. Detached calculation in such matters is self-strangulating. The deepest joy sneaks in the back door when you are surrendering to some sacred promise.

契约制基于这样一个想法：我们现在的恋爱方式是一个让人不快乐的阴谋。爱情实际上是一种比自我利益更强大的力量。在这种事情上，冷漠的计算是自我扼杀。当你屈服于某种神圣的承诺时，最深的快乐会从后门偷偷溜进来。

20240505为什么假期总是过得这么快？

What we get wrong about time

From: BBC

“Time” is the most frequently used noun in the English language. We all know what it feels like as time passes. Our present becomes the past as soon as it’s happened; today soon turns into yesterday. If you live in a temperate climate, each year you see the seasons come and go. And as we reach adulthood and beyond, we become increasingly aware of the years flashing by.

“时间”是英语中使用频率最高的名词。我们都知道时光流逝是什么感觉。现在发生的事很快就变成了过去；今天转眼就变成了昨天。如果生活在温带气候，每年你都还能看到季节更替。随着我们长大成人，我们越来越意识到时光飞逝。

Although neuroscientists have been unable to locate a single clock in brain that is responsible for detecting time passing, humans are surprisingly good at it. If someone tells us they’re arriving in five minutes, we have a rough idea of when to start to look out for them. We have a sense of the weeks and months passing by. As a result, most of us would say that how time functions is fairly obvious: it passes, at a consistent and measurable rate, in a specific direction – from past to future.

神经科学家一直无法确定大脑中哪个部位负责感知时间流逝，但人类特别擅长感知时间。如果有人说将在五分钟内到达，我们大概能估计什么时候他们就快到了。我们还有周复一周、月复一月的感觉。因此，大多数人会说，人类感知时间的能力是相当明显的：它以一致和可测量的速度，从过去到未来、沿着固定的方向流逝。

Of course, the human perspective of time may not be exclusively biological, but rather shaped by our culture and era. The Amondawa tribe in the Amazon, for example, has no word for “time” – which some say means they don’t have a notion of time as a framework in which events occur. (There are debates over whether this is purely a linguistic argument, or whether they really do perceive time differently.) Meanwhile, it’s hard to know with scientific precision how people conceived of time in the past, as experiments in time perception have only been conducted for the last 150 years.

当然，人类对时间的感觉可能不仅仅是生物学上的，也可能是由文化和时代所塑造的。例如，亚马逊地区的阿蒙达瓦（Amondawa）部落就没有“时间”这个词。有人说，这意味着他们没有时间的概念，没有一个事件发生的框架。关于这是否纯粹是语言学问题，或者他们是否以不同方式感知时间，尚存在争议。与此同时，我们很难用科学的方法精确地了解古代人们是如何构想时间的，因为关于时间感知的实验只进行了150年。

What we do know is that Aristotle viewed the present as something continually changing and that by the year 160, the Roman emperor-philosopher Marcus Aurelius was describing time as a river of passing events. And in the West, at least, many would still identify with these ideas.

我们所知道的是，亚里士多德认为，现在是一种不断变化的东西。公元160年，罗马帝国哲学家马可·奥勒留（Marcus Aurelius）把时间描述为一件件流逝的事件。至少在西方，许多人仍然认同这些观点。

But physics tells a different story. However much time feels like something that flows in one direction, some scientists beg to differ.

但是物理学有不同的解释。无论多少人感觉时间像是朝一个方向流动的东西，一些科学家却不认同。

In the last century, Albert Einstein’s discoveries exploded our concepts of time. He showed us that time is created by things; it wasn’t there waiting for those things to act within it. He demonstrated that time is relative, moving more slowly if an object is moving fast. Events don’t happen in a set order. There isn’t a single universal “now”, in the sense that Newtonian physics would have it.

上个世纪，爱因斯坦的发现打破了我们对时间的传统理解。他告诉我们时间是由事物创造的；不是在那里等着这些事物在时间里面发挥作用。爱因斯坦证明了时间是相对的，如果一个物体移动得快，时间的速度就会慢一些。事物不是按既定的顺序发生的。在牛顿物理学中，并不存在单一的普遍意义的“现在”。

It is true that many events in the Universe can be put into sequential order – but time is not always segmented neatly into the past, the present and the future. Some physical equations work in either direction.

的确，宇宙中的许多事件都可以按顺序排列，但时间并不总是被整齐地划分为过去、现在和未来。一些物理方程式的计算结果中，时间可以双向运动。

A few theoretical physicists, such as the best-selling writer and physicist Carlo Rovelli take it even further, speculating that time neither flows, nor even exists. It is an illusion.

一些理论物理学家，比如畅销书作家和物理学家卡洛·罗维里（Carlo Rovelli）甚至更进一步，推测时间既不流动，也不存在。这只是一种幻觉。

Of course, although some physicists propose that time does not exist, time perception – our sense of time – does. This is why the evidence from physics is at odds with how life feels. Our shared idea of what the concept of “future” or “past” mean may not apply to everything everywhere in the Universe, but it does reflect the reality of our lives here on Earth.

当然，尽管一些物理学家认为时间不存在，但我们的时间感确实存在。这就是为什么物理学的证据与生命的感觉不一致。人类对“未来”或“过去”的共同理解可能并不适用于宇宙中的其它地方，但确实反映了地球上的现实生活。

Like the Newtonian idea of absolute time, however, our belief in how time works for humans can also be misleading. And there may be a better approach.

然而，就像牛顿的时间绝对论，时间如何影响人类，大众的理念也可能是错的。也许有更好的方法去理解。

20240506华晨宇日出演唱会火了

Why we should all be gazing at more sunsets

From: The Washington Post

There's nothing like a sunset to stop you in your tracks. Whether you're commuting, relaxing on vacation or quickly glancing out the window, the vibrant reds, oranges and yellows streaming from the sun grab your attention. So many of us think, “Wow.” We become momentarily speechless.

没有什么能像日落一样让你驻足欣赏。无论你是在上下班途中，在度假放松，亦或是匆匆瞥向窗外，从太阳中流泻而出的鲜明红橙黄色总能夺人眼球。我们中的许多人都会感叹：“哇”，然后一时不知如何形容。

Now research tells us: Sunsets are among the most beautiful fleeting weather phenomenon in a day.

如今，研究告诉我们：日落是一天中最引人入胜的短暂自然现象之一。

People find sunrises and sunsets to be the most beautiful and awe-inspiring weather, according to a study published this year from a pair of British researchers. People liked them more than storms, rainbows, clear blue skies or nightscapes — and some would even be willing to pay up to 100 British pounds to see landscapes at dawn or dusk.

根据今年英国两名研究人员发表的一项研究，人们认为日出和日落是最美丽、最令人敬畏的自然现象。比起暴风雨、彩虹、万里晴空或夜景，人们更喜欢日出和日落——有些人甚至愿意支付多达100英镑来观赏黎明或黄昏时的风景。

Research has shown that spending time in nature under clear blue skies can boost your mental health, but the new research suggests perhaps looking at a sunset or sunrise can be an extra boost for your emotional state. That even includes sunsets on paintings or screen savers, too.

已有研究表明，处在万里晴空下的自然环境中可以改善你的心理健康，但新的研究证明，观赏日落或日出可能会对情绪状态有额外的提升作用，甚至包括观赏画作或屏保上的日落。

Awe has typically been a difficult emotion to evoke, said lead author Alex Smalley, but feelings of awe can improve mood, increase positive emotions and decrease stress. Smalley's research has shown that people can “experience these bumps in awe and aesthetic appraisal and beauty” when looking at a sunset or sunrise.

主要作者亚历克斯·斯莫利（Alex Smalley）说，敬畏通常是一种难以唤起的情绪，但敬畏感可以改善心情，增加积极情绪，减轻压力。斯莫利的研究表明，人们在观赏日落或日出时能“体验到敬畏感和审美鉴赏与美的冲击”。

“We have, as Western populations, become very disconnected from the natural world,” said Smalley, a doctoral candidate at the University of Exeter in England. “When you see something vast and overwhelming or something that produces this feeling of awe, your own problems can feel diminished and so you don't worry so much about them.”

“作为西方社会，我们与自然世界的联系已大为减弱，”英国埃克塞特大学的博士生斯莫利说。“当你目睹广阔无垠的景象，或是那些能够激发敬畏感的景象时，你会觉得个人烦恼微不足道，因而不再那么忧虑了。”

Summer is a tricky time to view sunsets. That's because there is increased air pollution higher in the atmosphere, such as from wildfires. Those particles basically act as many mini mirrors, reflecting the light back to the sun or blocking it.

夏季时期观赏日落颇具挑战性。这是因为大气中的空气污染物增多，比如野火造成的污染。这些污染颗粒本质上来说就像许多迷你镜子，将光线反射回太阳或阻挡光线。

Such pollution droplets are much larger in size than the air molecules floating in our atmosphere, often comparable to the size of a visible wavelength of light. Often times, polluted sunsets look hazier and softer. Sometimes, polluted sunsets can look redder due to the high number of particles in the sky filtering out the blue wavelength of light.

这些污染颗粒的尺寸通常比大气中的气体分子要大，往往与可见光的波长相当。通常，受污染的日落往往看起来更加朦胧和柔和。有时，由于天空中的大量颗粒过滤掉了蓝色波长的光，受污染的日落看起来会更红。

The best time to view a sunrise or sunset is during the late fall and winter, when the air is cleaner. Drier or less humid environments, such as the desert, also produce brilliant sunrises and sunsets due to the lower amount of air molecules (in this case, water vapor).

观赏日出或日落的最佳时间是在晚秋和冬季，那时空气比较清新。干燥或湿度较低的环境，如沙漠，由于空气分子（这里指水蒸气）较少，也能呈现绚丽的日出和日落。

Clouds can also help enhance sunrises and sunsets by further reflecting sunlight to the ground. This can often be seen with more high-altitude clouds, which capture light from the sun before it can hit the atmosphere and undergo major filtering. Brilliant red, orange and scarlet sunsets often take place in the presence of higher cirrus or altocumulus clouds instead of low-level clouds such as stratus or stratocumulus.

云朵也能通过进一步将阳光反射到地面来增强日出和日落的效果。这种现象经常出现在较高的云层中，这些云层会在太阳光进入大气层并经过重大过滤之前将其捕获。绚丽的红色、橙色和猩红色日落通常出现在较高的卷云或高积云中，而不是层云或层积云等低云中。

20240507“我爱妈祖，妈祖爱我”

Noisy, Gaudy and Spiritual: Young Pilgrims Embrace an Ancient Goddess

From: The New York Times

In a din of firecrackers, cymbals and horns, a team of devotees carried the shrouded wooden statue of a serene-faced woman, holding her aloft on a brightly decorated litter as they navigated through tens of thousands of onlookers.

在一阵鞭炮、铙钹和喇叭声中，虔诚的信徒们抬着一尊面容安详的木制雕像，把她高高举起，放在装饰鲜艳的銮驾上，从成千上万的观众中走过。

As the carriers nudged forward, hundreds of people were lined up ahead of them, kneeling on the road and waiting for the moment when the statue would pass over their heads.

銮驾缓缓前行，数以百计人排在他们前面，跪在路上，等待着木像从他们头顶经过的时刻。

Some wept after it did; many smiled and snapped selfies. “I love Mazu, and Mazu loves me,” the crowd shouted.

有些人哭了；许多人微笑着自拍。“我爱妈祖，妈祖爱我，”人们喊道。

Mazu, sometimes known as the Goddess of the Sea, is the most widely venerated of dozens of folk deities that many people in Taiwan turn to for solace, guidance and good fortune. The huge annual processions to honor her are noisy and gaudy. And yet for many, they are also deeply spiritual events, acts of faith showing that Mazu and other spirits remain vibrant presences here, alongside Buddhism and Christianity.

妈祖，有时也被称为海神娘娘，是台湾省许多人寻求慰藉、指引和好运的几十个民间神灵中最受尊敬的一位。每年为纪念她而举行的盛大游行既喧闹又华丽。然而，对许多人来说，它们也是深刻的精神活动，这些虔诚的举动表明，像妈祖这样的神灵与佛教和基督教一样，在这里仍然充满活力。

Taiwan's two biggest pilgrimages for Mazu — named Baishatun and Dajia after the temples that pilgrims set out from every year — recently have been drawing record numbers of participants. And a striking number of them are younger Taiwanese, in their teens or 20s, drawn to experiencing the traditions of Mazu, like throwing crescent-shaped pieces of wood in a ritual to divine their futures.

台湾省最大的两个妈祖进香活动以进香者每年出发的寺庙白沙屯和大甲命名，最近的参与者创下了纪录。其中有相当一部分是十几岁或二十多岁的年轻台湾人，他们被妈祖的传统所吸引，比如在一种仪式中投掷月牙形的木片（掷杯筊）来预测将来。

“I didn't expect there'd be so many younger people taking the pilgrimage like this,” said Chou Chia-liang, 28, a fashion designer who had traveled from Taipei, Taiwan's capital, for the Dajia pilgrimage, which starts in Taichung on the west-central coast. “People used to think the Mazu faith was for old people from the countryside. Look around here — it doesn't seem like that.”

“我没想到会有这么多年轻人来进香，”28岁的时装设计师周嘉良（音）说。他从台湾省台北市赶来，参加从中西部沿海的台中市开始的大甲进香。“人们过去认为妈祖信仰是农村老人的事。看看这里——似乎不是那样。”

Like quite a few other pilgrims, Mr. Chou, in a show of reverence, was pushing along a cart carrying his own small statue of Mazu, usually kept at the temple in Taipei where he typically prays.

像其他很多进香者一样，周嘉良推着一辆小车，上面载着他自己的小妈祖像，以示敬意。这尊小像通常放在他祈祷的台北寺庙里。

“This is a bit different from my family's religion,” he said. “Most Taiwanese people are very tolerant. They don't have the idea that 'this is my faith and that is your faith, and they can't go together'.”

“这和我们家的信仰有点不一样，”他说。“大多数台湾人都很宽容。他们不认为'这是我的信仰，那是你的信仰，不能混为一谈'。”

20240508高亚麟被曝孕期出轨

Why we need to talk about cheating

From: BBC, 26 June 2019

Mike Pence refuses to dine alone with women other than his wife. For the US vice president it is a mark of respect for his wife, Karen, and a rule guided by his strong religious convictions. Some commentators have hailed it the solution for men unable to control themselves, others call it patronising, sexist and insulting.

美国副总统麦克·彭斯（Mike Pence）拒绝同妻子之外的异性单独共餐。这是出于他对妻子凯伦（Karen）的尊重，也是出于他强烈的宗教信仰。有评论家称，此举是男人无法自控的应对之术，但也有人批评说这是屈尊就卑的姿态，是性别歧视和对他人的侮辱。

It is not an entirely rare attitude, however: in one study, around 5.7% of people surveyed thought that buying food for someone of the opposite sex would qualify as an act of infidelity.

支持者并不在少数：有一项研究发现，有5.7%的受访者认为，买食物给异性无异于不忠。

Whatever you think about Pence's justifications, at least he and Karen have clear boundaries about what is appropriate to do with people of the opposite sex – which is more than can be said for a lot of heterosexual couples.

无论我们怎么解读彭斯的行为，至少他和妻子对如何与异性相处是确定了清晰的边界。在异性恋伴侣之中，这种模式是比较值得一提的。

Most people rarely have good definitions of exactly what it means to be unfaithful, and vastly underestimate how likely it is that some kind of betrayal will occur (despite being unfaithful themselves). They also have little understanding of how they will deal with infidelity if it does occur (with many people's reactions surprising them).

到底怎么样算不忠，很多人都没有明确的定义，他们也大大低估了伴侣背叛的概率（尽管有时，自己也并不够忠诚）。他们也不知道的，如果伴侣不忠应该如何回应（很多人的反应都出乎意料）。

Given its prevalence, the lack of communication and understanding is causing a lot of heartbreak – and many psychologists suggest that we should have much more open conversations about cheating.

我们知道，不忠现象并不在少数。一旦发现伴侣不忠，会让人心碎、又无人可以倾诉，因此许多心理学家建议，人们需要以更公开的方式谈论不忠现象。

Working out how many people have ever been unfaithful is challenging, not least because researchers are reliant on the honest confessions of cheaters. As a result, estimates of infidelity can vary wildly and are often affected by how data are collected. At the higher end of estimates, 75% of men and 68% of women admitted to cheating in some way, at some point, in a relationship (although, more up-to-date research from 2017 suggests that men and women are now engaging in infidelity at similar rates). One of the lowest published rates of infidelity is 14% – still a sizeable number.

有多少人曾对伴侣不忠，这是很难统计的。尤其是因为研究人员的数据来源，仅为那些坦白承认自己对伴侣不忠的人。因此，预估的数据会有较大的偏差，通常会受数据收集方式的影响。最高估计值显示，有75%的男性和68%的女性承认曾经出轨（虽然，2017年的最新数据显示，男女出轨概率已经趋同）。按其中一份已公布的最低估计数据，有14%的人曾经出轨，但这也是一个不小的数字。

Yet only 5% of people believe that their own partner had cheated or will cheat at some point in their relationship, meaning that even the most conservative estimates would suggest that this happens much more frequently than expected. Perhaps we're too trusting of our partners.

尽管如此，相信伴侣曾出轨过、或者有出轨心思的，只有5%。这也就是说，出轨数据中最保守的数字都已经数倍于此数了。大概我们太过相信自己另一半的忠诚了。

“Those of us who are not depressed generally have a really inflated sense of how likely good things will happen and unduly low sense that bad things will happen,” says Susan Boon of the University of Calgary. “One possibility is that our low presumption that our partners will cheat on us is a manifestation of that. Alternatively, when you are in a relationship it might be helpful to have faith in your partner because it would be unhealthy to monitor their behaviour all the time.”

卡尔加里大学的布恩（Susan Boon）说：“我们中通常乐观的人觉得，好事会发生在自己身上，坏事会绕开自己走。我们对伴侣忠诚度之信任，也正是源于此。另外，一段恋爱关系中，最好还是对另一半抱有信任。因为时刻监视对方的一举一动，是十分畸形的。”

Here lies one of the issues; cheating means different things to different people. Researchers might pre-define what cheating constitutes to them, but everyone has a different interpretation, so interviewees might not agree with them.

还有一个问题：不同的人，对于出轨的定义是不同的。研究人员会先行定义什么叫出轨，然而每个人对出轨的解读都有所不同，因此受访者也可能会不认同研究人员的定义。

“People overestimate the extent to which others approve of and engage in infidelity in relation to how much they do,” says Boon. “I'm not sure why people don't talk about it considering how often you see it in movies or songs. Part of it is that we're not aware of the variability of standards. We assume wrongly that what I consider unfaithful you would too. It also admits that maybe this could happen. People would prefer to believe that you wouldn't do this.”

伯恩表示：“人们会高估他人对出轨的容忍度以及他人出轨的可能性。出轨是电影和歌曲中经常出现的题材，但我不知道为什么现实中鲜有人谈及。我想有一点原因是，不同人有不同的出轨标准。人们会认为，自己眼中的不忠行为在别人看来也是如此，这个观点是错误的。这也默认了出轨的可能性，只是人们愿意相信你不是那种人而已。”

About 70% of people have not discussed with their partner what counts as cheating. Does downloading a dating app count, for example? Between 18% and 25% of Tinder users are in a committed relationship while using the dating app. Presumably, meeting up with people you met on Tinder does. Unsurprisingly, Tinder users who are already in relationships are more likely to have casual sex.

如何界定出轨？有70%的人从未与伴侣讨论过这个话题。比如说，下载了交友软件就算不忠吗？Tinder（陌生人交友软件）用户中，出于恋爱关系的占到了18%-25%。又或许和Tinder网友线下约会应该算是出轨。已经有男女朋友的Tinder用户约炮的概率更高，这也不足为奇了。

The people responding to the question about whether they thought their partner had ever been unfaithful were free to interpret infidelity in any way they chose. Perhaps that makes the 5% statistic even more surprising. For some people, cheating might only include sex, but for others, flirting with someone might count. With the freedom to interpret infidelity as we wish, we're still very optmisitic that it will never happen to us.

被问及是否怀疑过对方出轨时，受访者可以自行界定“出轨”的范畴。5%这一数据也就因此更让人吃惊了。有的人认为只有发生了性关系才算真正出轨，但也有人觉得调情就是出轨。即使我们能自行界定出轨的标准，却还是会盲目自信，觉得绿云不会罩在自己头上。

Defining emotional infidelity is particularly difficult. One place where emotional transgressions might occur is in the workplace where overlapping professional and personal interests result in close relationships. Plausibly this would allow for opportunities to transgress from innocuous friendships to something more intimate.

最难定义的是仅止于感情上的不忠。职场上很容易出现感情出轨，因为同事间职能互相重合、个人利益交织，容易产生亲密关系。於是这就给了单纯的友谊升级为暧昧关系的机会。

In one study, researchers interviewed women about their attitudes towards workplace relationships. These women, all in their 30s and 40s and in committed relationships, were asked about times they felt the lines between appropriate and inappropriate workplace relationships became blurry.

有研究人员曾对女性进行过调查，询问了她们对于办公室恋情的看法。受访者年龄在30至40岁之间，且都不是单身。研究人员询问了她们经历过多少次界限模糊的时刻。

“I can't lie, I look forward to seeing him at work,” said one interviewee, “it feels like a stupid school girl, you know, like when you have a crush on somebody and you see them and you're like 'Oh!' and you get excited.”

有一位受访者表示：“工作的时候我是很期待看到他的，我不能说谎。这种感觉就像是回到了学生时代，对别人产生了好感，一看见那个人就会‘噢！’地一下，整个人都激动了起来。”

The interviewees concluded that physical intimacy is not necessary to elicit feelings of emotional infidelity. Withholding information, confiding in another, even thinking about the other person if it prevents you from thinking about your partner were enough. These are all things that might happen considering the amount of time we spend at work and the nature of forming close relationships with coworkers.

受访者们普遍表示，肢体的亲密接触并非是引发精神出轨的必要条件。在一个人面前守口如瓶，却对另一个人知无不言，甚至想到那个人时会忘了自己的伴侣，这就足够是精神出轨了。鉴于上班的工作时间很长，与同事容易产生亲密关系，所以职场中常发生外遇出轨这类事情也就不难理解了。

20240509花少北恋爱

Why K-pop stars keep relationships hidden

From: The Week, MARCH 11, 2024

A K-pop star has been accused of "betrayal" after fans discovered she had a boyfriend.

韩国流行音乐明星因恋情曝光而被指“背叛”粉丝。

When followers of Karina found out she was dating Lee Jae-wook, an actor, they drove an electronic billboard mounted to a vehicle to her management agency in protest and asked the singer why "the love given to you by your fans" was not enough.

当柳智敏（Karina）的粉丝发现她正在与演员李宰旭（Lee Jae-wook）交往后，粉丝们开着装有电子广告牌的车前往她的经纪公司进行抗议，并质问这位歌手为何“粉丝给你的爱”还不够。

The 23-year-old member of the group Aespa was forced to issue a "grovelling apology", said The Telegraph, in which she said sorry to fans for "surprising you greatly" and promised to show a "more mature and hardworking side" in the future.

《每日电讯报》（The Telegraph）称，这位23岁的aespa组合成员被迫发表了 “卑躬屈膝的道歉信”，她为粉丝“感到极其震惊”表示歉意，并承诺今后会展现出“更成熟、更努力的一面”。

It was emblematic of a genre where fans can be "overwhelmingly hateful" and "downright abusive" to anyone they feel threatens their bond with the artist, said the Daily Mail. So if an idol is linked with a "vaguely romantic interest", they "may receive a barrage of hate mail, comments on their appearance and threats to their life".

《每日邮报》（Daily Mail）称，这是一个标志性事件，粉丝会对任何他们认为威胁到与艺人关系的人表现出“极端的恶意”和“彻头彻尾的辱骂”。因此，如果偶像与“暧昧的恋爱关系”有关，他们“可能会收到大量仇恨邮件、对其外貌的评论以及对其生命的威胁”。

'Bad for business'“对商业不利”

Karina's is "not an isolated incident" because pop stars in South Korea and Japan work in "notoriously pressurising industries", where such personal revelations can be "tricky to navigate", said the BBC.

英国广播公司 (BBC) 称，柳智敏事件“并非个案”，因为韩国和日本的流行歌星都处于“众所周知压力巨大的行业”，身处其中，公开个人感情生活可能“难以驾驭”。

"Just a decade ago, it was common practice for K-pop agencies to ban new stars from dating or even having a personal mobile phone, and even now admissions of romantic relationships are often considered scandalous to fans."

“在十年前，韩国流行音乐经纪公司禁止新星谈恋爱，甚至禁止拥有个人手机是司空见惯的事。即使是现在，承认恋情也常被粉丝视为丑闻。”

The "intensely competitive" K-pop industry is worth an estimated ￡8 billion annually to the South Korean economy, said The Telegraph, and its stars have been "bound by contracts" that have “no dating” rules. They cannot get married without permission.

《每日电讯报》指出，韩国流行音乐产业“竞争激烈”，每年为韩国经济贡献约80亿英镑，而明星们一直受到 “禁止谈恋爱 ”规定的 “合同约束”。未经许可，不能结婚。

The driving factor behind these regulations is that industry managers want fans to believe they could have a relationship with the stars. When the Blackpink lead vocalist Jisoo's relationship with actor Ahn Bo-hyun was revealed, sociologist Patrick Williams of Nanyang Technological University in Singapore told the BBC that K-pop stars being in relationships may be "bad for business" because they "want to sell idols that appear to be, at least in an imaginary sense, romantically obtainable".

这些规定背后的驱动因素是，行业经纪人希望粉丝们相信他们可以与明星们建立关系。当Blackpink主唱金智秀（Jisoo）与演员安普贤（Ahn Bo-hyun）的恋情被曝光时，新加坡南洋理工大学社会学家帕特里克·威廉姆斯（Patrick Williams）向BBC表示，韩国流行音乐明星谈恋爱可能“对商业不利”，因为他们“想要推的是，至少在想象中是有机会谈恋爱的偶像”。

Although in "many places around the world", the announcement that a young pop star and an actor have become an item would be "little more than a quick celebrity headline", said CNN, in South Korea and Japan, it can "still be taboo" in a culture where record labels like to "promote the fantasy" of "unhitched" celebrities.

美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）指出，虽然在 “全球许多地方”，宣布年轻歌星和演员谈恋爱 “不过是一则明星头条快讯”，但在韩国和日本，在唱片公司喜欢宣扬明星“单身人设”的文化中，这可能 “仍然是禁忌”。

Signs of change 变化的迹象

There have been "signs of change in recent years", said CNN, "with agencies shifting away from controversial contract terms". Fans have "begun urging each other to allow stars more privacy" and the "ability to live their lives", added the broadcaster, noting that under Karina's apology post, the comment section was "flooded with fans rallying in support".

CNN表示，近年来出现了“变化的迹象”，“经纪公司开始摒弃有争议的合约条款”。粉丝们“开始互相敦促，允许明星拥有更多的隐私和生活的自由”。CNN还指出，在柳智敏的道歉帖下，评论区“充满了支持她的粉丝”。

And although the situation in the K-pop world is particularly extreme, fan discomfort over their pop heroes dating is not confined to the genre. Boy bands from the 1990s such as Take That and East 17 were discouraged from having relationships. Last year, Take That member Howard Donald told the Take That: This Life podcast that he had hidden his girlfriend under a blanket during the band's heyday, said The Sun.

虽然韩国流行音乐圈的情况尤为极端，但粉丝对偶像谈恋爱的不满并不仅限于此。20世纪90年代的男子组合，如接招合唱团（Take That）和East 17，也被劝阻不要谈恋爱。据《太阳报》报道，去年，接招合唱团成员霍华德·唐纳德（Howard Donald）在Take That: This Life播客中表示，在乐队全盛时期，他曾把女友藏在毯子下。

In 2015, One Direction fans told a woman linked to band member Niall Horan that they would "find her and kill her", said The Sydney Morning Herald. That came a few years after the late Caroline Flack said that she had received death threats after she was romantically linked with band member Harry Styles.

据《悉尼先驱晨报》（The Sydney Morning Herald）报道，2015年，单向组合（One Direction）的粉丝向与乐队成员尼尔·霍兰（Niall Horan）有联系的一名女子发出威胁，称他们将“找到她并杀了她”。而几年前，已故的卡罗琳·弗莱克（Caroline Flack）曾说过，她与乐队成员哈里·斯泰尔斯（Harry Styles）恋爱后，收到过死亡威胁。

The intense bond between pop stars and their fans is universal. "When your crush is single, it's amazing because you feel like you still have a chance no matter how unlikely that is," wrote Jasmine Gomez for Seventeen. But "when they start dating someone new, a little something dies inside of you".

流行歌星与粉丝之间的紧密联系是普遍存在的。茉莉·戈麦斯（Jasmine Gomez）在《Seventeen》杂志上写道：“当你的意中人是单身时，你会觉得自己还有机会，不管这种机会有多渺茫。”但是，“当他们开始和新的人谈恋爱时，你内心就会有点失落。”

20240510百度副总裁璩静已离职

Chinese PR boss says sorry after glorifying work-till-you-drop culture

From: The Guardian

The head of public relations at China's biggest search engine, Baidu, has apologised after creating her own PR crisis with a series of videos glorifying the country's work-till-you-drop culture.

中国最大搜索引擎百度公司公关部门负责人发布一系列美化国内“996”加班文化的视频引发自身公关危机后，向公众道歉。

Qu Jing, who is also vice-president at the company, said she would not take responsibility for her staff's wellbeing “as I'm not your mother” in the videos posted over the May bank holiday on Douyin, the most popular short-video app in China. In another she said: “If you work in public relations, don't expect weekends off.”

五一假期期间，百度公司副总裁璩静在中国最受欢迎的短视频应用抖音上发布视频称，她不会为员工的福祉负责，“我不是你妈”。她在另一条视频中表示：“干公关你就别想休周末。”

Qu also demanded that employees keep their phones on 24 hours a day and be “always ready to respond”, adding: “I only care about results.”

璩静还要求员工手机24小时开机，并“随传随到”，她补充道：“我只关心结果。”

In an earlier video, Qu claimed to be so caught up in her work that she did not know what year her son was in at school. She later threatened employees who dared to question her management style, saying: “I can make it impossible for you to find a job in this industry with just a short essay.”

在之前一段视频中，璩静声称自己太专注于工作，以至于不知道儿子在学校读几年级。后来，她威胁那些敢于质疑她管理风格的员工说：“我可以让你在这个行业里找不到工作，我只要发一篇小作文”。

The videos sparked a backlash on social media and have since been taken down. On Wednesday, Qu reflected that the posts drew “very pertinent” criticism and promised to learn from her mistakes. “I sincerely apologise for the many inappropriate and uncomfortable points in the video,” she said.

这些视频在社交媒体上引发了强烈反响，现已被删除。周三，璩静表示，很多批评“非常中肯”，将深刻反思、从错误中吸取教训。“视频中很多不妥不适之处，在此诚恳道歉，”她说。

She added that Baidu had not approved the posts before she sent them and admitted the videos had caused “misunderstandings of the company's values and corporate culture”, even though she originally intended them to “do a good job”. On Tuesday, Baidu's stock price fell 2.17% in Hong Kong, and were still trading 2.2% lower on Thursday.

她补充说，在她发布视频之前，没有事先征求公司意见，并承认这些视频使外部“对公司价值观和企业文化产生误解”，尽管她的初心是想“把工作做好”。周二，百度公司在香港的股价下跌2.17%，周四仍下跌2.2%。

Qu's comments shed light on China's notorious 996 working hour system, in which tech employees work from 9am until 9pm, six days a week. Jack Ma, a co-founder of the e-commerce group Alibaba, drew ire in 2019 for calling this culture a “blessing”.

璩静的言论揭示了中国臭名昭著的996工作制，即科技行业员工从早上9点工作到晚上9点，每周工作6天。电子商务集团阿里巴巴的联合创始人马云曾在2019年将这种文化称为“福气”而引起公愤。

Chinese IT companies have long had a reputation for expecting employees to work overtime, including reimbursing taxis for those who stay late. But a younger generation of Chinese tech workers are no longer willing to embrace such extreme conditions, which have been likened to modern slavery.

长期以来，中国IT公司一直以要求员工加班而闻名，包括为加班的员工报销出租车费用。但年轻一代的中国科技行业从业者不再愿意接受这种被比作现代奴隶的极端条件。

Qu's work missives were trending on the social media platform Weibo. “Employees will never feel at home at a company that doesn't have even a little bit of use,” one user wrote in a discussion that by Thursday had drawn 150m views.

璩静的职场言论成为了社交媒体平台微博上的热门搜索话题。一位用户写道：“在一个连一点点人性化都做不到的公司，员工永远不会有归属感。”截至周四，该话题的浏览量已达1.5亿。

“As the company's vice-president, [Qu] should have known that her comments and attitude would disgust her subordinates, yet she went ahead to make them public. This speaks of how out of touch she is,” wrote another user.

“作为公司副总裁，[璩静]应该知道她的言论和态度会让下属反感，但她还是将其公之于众。这说明她有多么脱离群众，”另一位用户写道。

Another reflected on the paradox of a PR executive causing a PR crisis for her own company: “Talk about a lack of professionalism.”

另一位用户则提到身为公关主管给自己公司带来公关危机的悖论： “真是缺乏专业性”。

Baidu did not respond to a request for comment.

百度尚未回应置评请求。

20240511《歌手2024》成“那英历险记”？

Why recorded music will never feel as good as the real thing

From: The Economist, Feb 28^th 2024

The answer, according to neuroscience 来自神经科学的答案

IN A WORLD of music streaming services, access to almost any song is just a few clicks away. Yet, the live gig lives on. People still fill sweaty basements, muddy fields and gilded concert halls to hear their favourite musicians play. And now neuroscientists might know why: live music engages the brain's emotion centres more than its recorded counterpart.

在一个音乐流媒体服务大行其道的世界里，点几下鼠标就能听到几乎任何歌曲。但现场演出仍在继续。人们仍然挤在闷热的地下室、泥泞的户外和金碧辉煌的音乐厅里欣赏他们钟爱的音乐家演奏。现在神经科学家可能找到了原因：现场音乐比录制音乐更能调动大脑的情感中心。

Concerts are immersive social experiences in which people listen to and feel the music together through crescendos, key changes and drops. They are also dynamic—artists can adapt their playing according to the crowd's reaction.

音乐会是一种沉浸式的社交体验，在声音渐强、音调变化和高潮部分的变换之中，人们共同聆听并感受音乐。音乐会还是动态的——艺术家可以根据听众的反应调整他们的演奏。

It was this last difference that led neuroscientists, based at the Universities of Zurich and Oslo, to study the brain responses of people listening to music. In the “live” experiment, participants lay in an MRI scanner listening to the music through earphones, while a pianist was positioned outside the room. The pianist was shown the participant's real-time brain activity as a form of feedback. In the recorded condition, participants listened to pre-recorded versions of the same tunes.

正是这最后一个不同促使苏黎世大学和奥斯陆大学的神经科学家们研究人们听音乐时大脑的反应。在“现场”实验中，参与者躺在核磁共振扫描仪中，戴着耳机听音乐，同时一位钢琴家坐在房间外面演奏。参与者的实时大脑活动作为反馈被展示给钢琴家。在录音组，参与者听的是预先录好的相同的曲子。

The scientists were interested in how live music affected the areas of the brain that process emotions. In the live condition pianists were instructed to try and modulate their playing in order to drive the activity in one of these regions known as the amygdala, an almond-shaped area deep inside the brain.

科学家们对现场音乐如何影响大脑中处理情绪的区域很感兴趣。在现场组，研究人员指示钢琴家试着调整演奏来驱动这些区域中一个叫做“杏仁核”的部分，这是大脑深处一个杏仁状的区域。

The results, just published in the journal PNAS, showed that live music had far more emotional impact. Whether the music was happy or sad, listening to the pianist playing in a dynamic way generated more activity in both the amygdala and other parts of the brain's emotion processing network. The researchers also found that participants' brain activity tracked the acoustic features of the music, like tempo and pitch, far more closely when it was played live.

这一刚刚发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》（PNAS）上的研究结果表明，现场音乐的情感冲击力要大得多。无论音乐是快乐还是悲伤，钢琴家的动态演奏都会让杏仁核和大脑情绪处理网络的其他部分产生更多的活动。研究人员还发现，在听现场演奏时，参与者的大脑活动对音乐声学特征的追踪要紧密得多，比如对节奏和音高。

The study was far from replicating the real experience of a gig, and the authors noted that the live music ended up sounding quite different from the recorded tracks, which may have driven some of the differences in participant's brain activity. But the results indicate that the ability of artists to change the way they play in response to the audience may be one aspect of what makes live music special. Some musical acts now attempt to recreate the real gig experience with everything but the artist—ABBA Voyage is a social, immersive show performed entirely by pre-recorded hologram avatars. But without Benny's ability to read the mood of the room, it will never quite match the real thing.

这项研究离复制演出的真实体验还差得远，而且作者指出，现场版音乐最终听起来与录音室版本差异很大，这可能也导致参与者的大脑活动产生了一些不同。但研究结果表明，艺术家能够根据观众的喜好改变演奏方式可能是令现场音乐与众不同的一个方面。现在，有些音乐演出试图“再造”真实的演出体验，它们具备现场演出的一切要素，独独省去了艺术家真身——ABBA乐队的Voyage演唱会是一场联欢式的沉浸式演出，完全由预先录制的全息图像作为替身表演。但没了乐队主唱班尼体察现场气氛的能力，它永远没法跟真人演出相比。

20240512你妈注定让你抓狂

Your Mom Is Destined to Annoy You

From: The New York Times

I have a 48-hour serenity limit when I'm with my parents. After two days, it's like an alarm sounds inside me and sends me right back to 1999. I'm a petulant teenager again with a bad attitude, and everything my mother says, no matter how innocuous, inspires the response, “Ugh, Mom, stop nagging me!”

和父母在一起时，我只有48小时的心态平和期。但凡过了两天，我身体里就会像响起警报一样，让我重返1999年。我又会变成一个不耐烦的暴躁少年，妈妈说的每一句话，无论多么无害，都会引来我这样的反应：“唉，妈，别再唠叨我了！”

This unstoppable regression, which has been going on since I left for college, felt worse once I became a parent myself. I am an extremely grown woman now, I thought. I am beyond this. But, like clockwork, by the third day of exposure to my mom and dad, I'd be back in the '90s, scowling and blasting the Breeders in a borrowed Honda.

这种无法遏制的退化行为，从我上大学开始就一直在发生，当我自己成为家长后则变得更加严重。我以为我现在是个非常成熟的女性。我已经过了那个阶段了。但就像上了发条的钟一样，一到和父母接触的第三天，我又会置身90年代那辆借来的本田车里，皱着眉头高声播放着饲养员乐队(The Breeders)的音乐。

I am far from alone in this. Psychologists even have a term to describe the way we fall back into predictable, maddening behavior patterns when we're with our family of origin. It's called family systems theory — the notion that families have an equilibrium, and each person has a fixed role that “is in service of keeping the family system intact,” said Pooja Lakshmin, M.D., a clinical assistant professor of psychiatry at the George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences. So whatever your established role is — whether you're the appeaser, or the family clown, or the petulant one — you're going to be thrown right back there the second you walk through the door of your childhood home.

在这个问题上，我可不是孤例。心理学家甚至有一个术语来描述回到原生家庭时，我们身上出现的可预测的、令人抓狂的退化行为模式。这个术语叫做家庭系统理论，乔治·华盛顿大学(George Washington University)医学与健康科学学院的精神病学临床助理教授普贾·拉克什明(Pooja Lakshmin)博士说，家庭都有各自的平衡，每个人在“维持家庭系统完好的过程中”都扮演着固定的角色。所以，不管你的既定角色是什么——安抚者、小丑或是脾气暴躁的人——当踏进童年时代家庭大门的一刻，你就会重新回到那个角色之中。

Kira Birditt, Ph.D., a research associate professor at the University of Michigan who has studied tension between adult children and their parents, said that 94 percent of respondents in her study on the topic reported some kind of strife in their relationships. Research also shows that the connection between mothers and adult daughters is especially fraught; Dr. Birditt described it as “the closest and most irritating” of almost all relationships. (One of the most life-changing episodes of my early adulthood was noticing my own mother get sulky at something her mother said.)

密歇根大学(University of Michigan)的研究副教授基拉·伯迪特(Kira Birditt)博士一直在研究成年子女及父母之间的紧张关系，她表示，在她关于这一主题的研究中，94%的受访者声称他们的关系存在某种冲突。研究还表明，母亲和成年女儿之间的关系尤其紧张。伯迪特称这几乎是所有人际关系中“最亲密也最气人的”。（在我刚成年的时候发生的改变我人生的事之一，就是注意到自己的母亲会对她母亲所说的话生气。）

So, how do you get through the holidays with your folks without losing your damn mind? Here's some sanity-preserving advice.

那么，要如何心平气和地与家人一起度过假期呢？这里有一些帮你保持理智的建议。

Prepare for your inevitable regression. It's not a question of if the regression is going to happen, it's when. Dr. Lakshmin advised that you do some mental work before visiting your family so that you can avoid triggering your worst behaviors. Ask yourself: Are there particular topics of conversation or physical places that tend to send your family into a tizzy? And then try to avoid those topics and places. Even changing scenery can help jog you out of old patterns, so if the family dinner table always devolves into chaos, try going out to eat one night and see if it improves relations.

为不可避免的退化行为做好准备。这不是你是否会退化的问题，而是何时出现退化行为的问题。拉克什明博士建议，当你拜访家人之前，做一些心理准备工作，这样就可以避免触发最糟糕的行为。先问问你自己：有没有什么特定的话题或现实场合会刺激你的家人发疯？如果有，就请避开这些话题和场合。即使是变换一下环境，也能帮你从旧有模式中走出来，所以，如果家庭晚宴的餐桌上总会出现闹剧，试着出去吃一顿，看看是否能改善关系。

Try to find empathy. The most typical negative mother-daughter interaction involves this dynamic: Adult daughters feel criticized by their mothers, and mothers feel their daughters are being too sensitive, said Deborah Tannen, Ph.D., a professor of linguistics at Georgetown University and the author of “You're Wearing That? Understanding Mothers and Daughters in Conversation.” How the grandchildren are being raised is a major trigger for this dynamic, Dr. Tannen said: “Many women told me that they could take criticism about anything except their mothering skills.”

试着找到同理心。乔治敦大学(Georgetown University)语言学教授、《你穿这个？用对话理解母女》(You're Wearing That? Understanding Mothers and Daughters in Conversation)一书的作者黛博拉·坦南(Deborah Tannen)博士表示，最典型的负面母女互动总包含这样一种动态：成年女儿觉得受到了母亲的批评，而母亲又觉得女儿太过敏感。如何抚育孙辈是引发这一动态的主要因素，坦南博士说：“很多女性告诉我，除了育儿技能，她们基本什么批评都可以接受。”

Dr. Tannen's advice for grandparents: Bite your tongue, because even the most benign (to you) suggestion may be perceived as criticism. Her advice for adult daughters is, “try to remind yourself that it feels like criticism, but it is an expression of caring.” Your mother just wants everything to go well for you, and she's trying to help (even if it makes you want to scream into a pillow).

坦南博士给祖父母的建议是：不要多话，因为即便是（在你看来）最善意的建议，也可能被视为批评。她给成年女儿们的建议则是，“试着提醒自己，虽然那听起来像是批评，但却是关心的表现。”你的母亲只是希望你一切都顺利，而她想尽力帮上忙（即使这让你想埋在枕头里尖叫）。

Make space for yourself. You will need an escape hatch from time to time. “Whether this means hiding out in the bathroom for 10 minutes to cool down, structuring the length of visits or springing for a hotel rather than staying in your parents' guest room,” make sure you're somehow creating a space where you can get some emotional distance from your family, said Harriet Lerner, Ph.D., a clinical psychologist and author of “The Dance of Anger: A Woman's Guide to Changing the Patterns of Intimate Relationships.” I always make sure I can exercise in the morning when I'm with family — it gives me a break from them and also is a good conduit for ambient rage.

给自己留点空间。你有时会需要一个逃生出口。临床心理学家、《愤怒之舞：改变亲密关系模式的女性指南》(The Dance of Anger: A Woman's Guide to Changing the Patterns of Intimate Relationships)一书作者哈丽雅特·莱纳(Harriet Lerner)博士说，“不管这意味着要在浴室里躲10分钟冷静一下、安排好拜访的时间长短，还是花钱住旅馆而不是住在父母家的客房”，你都要确保自己能创造一个可以与家人产生一定情感距离的空间。当我和家人在一起时，总要确保自己能进行晨练——这让我从他们之中解脱出来，同时也是发泄对周遭环境愤怒的好渠道。

Don't expect change. The last thing to remember is that there won't be a magical solution to your family trauma over the holidays, Dr. Lakshmin said. December is a stressful time — mental health professionals say it's particularly hard on their patients — and it's not the time to bring up old baggage and expect to work through it.

不要期待改变。拉克什明博士说，节日期间的家庭创伤不会有神奇的解决方案。12月本就是充满压力的季节——心理健康专家都说这段时间对他们的病人尤其艰难——所以，这可不是翻旧账并以为能解决这些问题的好时机。

20240513新研究或揭示贝多芬耳聋原因

Beethoven's fondness for wine and fish may have caused his deafness

From: The Telegraph

Ludwig van Beethoven may have gone deaf from lead poisoning caused by a penchant for fish and wine, Harvard scientists suggest.

哈佛大学科学家认为，路德维希·凡·贝多芬 （Ludwig van Beethoven）可能因对鱼和酒的嗜好而导致铅中毒，进而失聪。

The composer was beset by health issues throughout his life, including deafness, gastrointestinal problems as well as liver and kidney disease.

作曲家贝多芬一生饱受健康问题困扰，包括耳聋、肠胃问题以及肝肾疾病。

But two locks of hair, confirmed as belonging to the composer, have been analysed and found to contain levels of lead up to 95 times higher than normal.

但是，经分析证实属于贝多芬的两缕头发中，铅含量比正常水平高出95倍。

Scientists say this was likely not enough to have killed Beethoven, but it would have likely caused illness which may have manifested as hearing loss.

科学家表示，虽然这么高的铅含量可能不足以致命，但可能会诱发疾病，包括听力减退。

Lead had long been suspected as being behind many of his health woes, with some claiming it likely killed him.

长期以来，人们一直怀疑铅是导致他健康问题的罪魁祸首，有观点认为是铅导致其逝世。

Previous studies have struggled to pin down the cause of Beethoven's death, mainly because the hair samples used for analysis have been of dubious origin. One previous study, for example, was conducted on a lock of hair reputedly from the composer, but which later analysis showed had belonged to a woman.

以往的研究一直难以确定贝多芬的死因，主要是因为用于分析的头发样本来源可疑。例如，之前的一项研究是在一缕据说来自贝多芬的头发上进行的，但后来的分析表明头发属于一名女性。

The researchers speculate that Beethoven, who was born in Bonn, Germany, and later lived in Vienna, Austria, was likely subjected to such extreme lead exposure because of his penchant for fish and wine.

研究人员推测，出生于德国波恩、后来居住在奥地利维也纳的贝多芬可能因为对鱼和葡萄酒的嗜好而面临极高的铅暴露风险。

“He was known to eat a lot of fish, and the Danube at the time was very heavily polluted with all the industry,” Dr Nader Rifai, co-author of the study, told The Times.

“众所周知，他吃很多鱼，而当时多瑙河工业污染严重，”该研究的共同作者纳德·里法伊博士（Dr Nader Rifai）在接受《泰晤士报》（The Times）采访时提到了这一点。

“Plumbed” wine, which had lead mixed with it to make it sweeter and less acidic, added to the issue, as did serving the wine in a glass that had lead mixed into it to make it clearer. Beethoven was exposed to both, which also increased his risk of lead poisoning.

“掺铅”葡萄酒，即在葡萄酒中添加铅以增加甜味、减少酸味；以及使用掺铅的玻璃器皿来饮用葡萄酒，都增加了贝多芬铅中毒的风险。

“While the concentrations determined are not supportive of the notion that lead exposure caused Beethoven's death, it may have contributed to the documented ailments that plagued him most of his life,” Dr Rifai said.

里法伊博士说：“尽管检测到的铅浓度并不支持直接致死的说法，但这些铅浓度可能导致了他一生中所遭受的多种疾病。”

“We believe this is an important piece of a complex puzzle and will enable historians, physicians and scientists to better understand the medical history of the great composer.”

“我们相信，这是复杂谜团中的重要一环，将使历史学家、医生和科学家能够更好地了解这位伟大作曲家的病史。”

Academics at Harvard tracked down two locks of hair and analysed them separately, and found the DNA was suitably degraded to match the 200-year timeline since his death. Further investigations found they shared the same mutations and were from an XY individual — a man, and likely from the same person.

哈佛大学的学者们找到了两缕头发，分别对它们进行了分析，发现DNA退化程度与贝多芬去世200年的时间线相符。进一步调查发现，这两缕头发具有相同的突变，来自一个XY个体（男性），极有可能是同一人。

“The samples either came from a single individual or [identical] twins,” the scientists write in their study, published in Clinical Chemistry.

研究结果发表在《临床化学》（Clinical Chemistry）杂志上，科学家们指出：“这些头发样本要么来自同一人，要么来自一对同卵双胞胎。”

“The analysis revealed several significant genetic risk factors for liver disease and evidence of an infection with hepatitis B virus that may have contributed to his death, it did not shed light on the definitive causes of his deafness and gastrointestinal problems,” the scientists wrote.

科学家写道：“分析发现了几个重要的肝病遗传风险因素，以及可能导致他死亡的乙型肝炎病毒感染证据，但并未揭示他耳聋和肠胃问题的确切原因。”

The study also revealed “high hair lead concentrations” in both locks. One lock had 258 micrograms of lead per gram of hair, which is 64 times the normal level. The other was about 95 times the normal level.

研究还发现，两缕头发中“铅含量都很高”。其中一缕头发中每克头发含铅258微克，是正常水平的64倍。另一缕头发中铅含量约为正常水平的95倍。

It is estimated the composer's blood would have had about 70 micrograms of lead per decilitre of blood.

据估计，贝多芬的血液中每分升大约有70微克的铅。

“Such lead levels are commonly associated with gastrointestinal and renal ailments and decreased hearing, but are not considered high enough to be the sole cause of death,” the scientists said.

科学家们说：“这样的铅含量通常与胃肠道和肾脏疾病以及听力减退有关，但并不足以成为致死的唯一原因。”

20240514OpenAI发布的GPT-4o有多厉害？

OpenAI Launches Voice Assistant Inspired by Hollywood Vision of AI

From: The Wall Street Journal

OpenAI unveiled a less expensive version of its flagship artificial-intelligence system that includes a new voice assistant to make it easier to use, as it races other tech companies to roll out products and features to attract users.

OpenAI发布了其旗舰AI系统的一个更便宜的版本，其中内置了一个语音助手以方便用户使用。和其他科技公司一样，OpenAI也在加紧推出产品和功能以吸引用户。

The new AI model, dubbed GPT-4o, can better digest images and video in addition to text, and can interact with people by voice in real time, said Mira Murati, OpenAI's chief technology officer, on Monday. People can interrupt the new voice feature while talking to it, unlike current voice assistants, and the model is capable of responding close to instantaneously, the company said.

OpenAI首席技术官Mira Murati周一表示，这款被称作GPT-4o的新AI模型除了文本之外还能更好地消化图像和视频，并能通过语音与用户实时互动。OpenAI表示，与现有的语音助手不同，用户在与新的语音功能对话时可以打断它，而新模型能够近乎即时地做出反应。

OpenAI executives showed in a livestreamed demonstration how the model could analyze code, translate languages between two speakers or guide users through a basic algebra problem written down on a piece of paper, all seemingly in real time.

OpenAI高管在直播演示中展示了新模型是如何分析代码、为两个对话者提供语言翻译，或指导用户完成写在纸上的基本代数问题的，这一切似乎都能实时做到。

The launch of GPT-4o reflects how OpenAI and other startups and tech giants are increasingly seeking to expand their pools of users and bring in money for their generative artificial-intelligence technology after pouring enormous sums of money into computing power and energy to develop their systems.

GPT-4o的问世表明，在投入巨资和精力开发算力和系统后，OpenAI和其他初创公司越来越希望扩大用户群，并将它们的生成式AI技术商业化。

The OpenAI announcement comes a day before the start of Google's annual developer conference on Tuesday, where it is expected to announce its own new products. Google, an AI pioneer, has been vying with OpenAI and its partner and backer, Microsoft, for leadership in generative AI. Microsoft wasn't involved in making GPT-4o.

在OpenAI发布新产品一天后，谷歌（Google）也将于周二召开年度开发者大会，并预计将在会上发布自己的新产品。作为AI领域的先驱，谷歌一直在和OpenAI以及微软（Microsoft）争夺生成式AI领域的霸主地位。作为OpenAI的合作伙伴和支持者，微软没有参与GPT-4o的研发。

Chief Executive Sam Altman likened the new product to the kind of AI tools typically seen in movies. In a speech last year, he said he and other OpenAI executives found inspiration in the 2013 film “Her” about a man who falls in love with a voice assistant. He and other OpenAI employees posted references to the movie on X just after Monday's announcement.

OpenAI首席执行官阿尔特曼（Sam Altman）将GPT-4o比作电影中常见的那种AI工具。他在去年的一次演讲中说，他和OpenAI的其他高管从2013年的电影《她》（Her）中获得灵感，这部电影讲述了一个男人爱上语音助手的故事。在周一发布公告后不久，他和OpenAI的其他员工在X上提到这部电影。

“The original ChatGPT showed a hint of what was possible with language interfaces; this new thing feels viscerally different,” Altman wrote Monday on his personal blog.

阿尔特曼周一在个人博客上写道：“初代ChatGPT展示了语言界面的雏形，而这款模型能给人截然不同的感觉。”

The new model could also detect a person's emotions in their tone of voice or facial expression, OpenAI said. It also more rapidly switches between different emotional tones from a dramatic voice to a robotic tone to singing. This feature will roll out to users who pay for ChatGPT-Plus, the company's $20-a-month feature in coming weeks.

OpenAI说，新模型还能从语音语调或面部表情中检测人类的情绪。它还能在不同的情感语调之间更快速地切换，从戏剧性的声音到机器人语调，再到歌声。这项功能未来几周将向每月支付20美元的ChatGPT-Plus用户推出。

GPT-4o will also be offered to companies. Murati said the model would be twice as fast and half the cost of its current top-of-the-line offering GPT-4 Turbo. The “o” in GPT-4o stands for “omni,” the company said. People who use the free version of ChatGPT will have access to GPT-4o's image and vision features starting Monday.

GPT-4o还将面向企业推出。Murati说，该模型的速度将是目前顶级产品GPT-4 Turbo的两倍，而成本只有后者的一半。该公司表示，GPT-4o中的“o”代表“一切（omni）”。从下周一开始，使用免费版ChatGPT的用户将可以使用GPT-4o的图像和视觉功能。

OpenAI already offers a feature called “voice mode” that combines three separate models to respond to users in voice, but it could be confused by multiple speakers or background noise. It was also slow. The “chains of models” approach “doesn't cut it when you're trying to deliver at this speed,” said Mark Chen, head of frontiers research at OpenAI, in an interview.

OpenAI已经提供了一种名为“语音模式”的功能，是将三个独立模型结合在一起并以语音的方式回应用户，但当多个人一起说话或是背景比较嘈杂的时候，这个功能可能发生混淆，而且速度也不够快。OpenAI前沿研究主管Mark Chen在接受采访时说，这种速度是无法适应“模型链”的。

By contrast, GPT-4o was built as a single model trained on text, vision and audio material, and can respond more quickly and accurately to cues.

相比之下，GPT-4o是根据文本、视觉和音频材料训练而成的单一模型，可以更快更准确地响应提示。

OpenAI executives declined to describe what kind of data was used to train this model. They also declined to say whether OpenAI was able to train the model with less computational power. OpenAI is also working on a whole new AI model, called GPT-5, that is expected to make a large jump from current technology.

OpenAI高管不愿透露训练GPT-4o模型时使用了什么样的数据，也未透露OpenAI是否能利用较少的算力训练该模型。OpenAI还在开发一种名为GPT-5的全新AI模型，有望在现有技术的基础上实现大幅跃升。

Murati said Monday that the OpenAI team wasn't inspired so much by the movie “Her” as by human conversation. “When you stop talking, I'm about to jump in. I can kind of read your tone and respond to that. And it's really natural, rich and interactive,” she said.

Murati周一说，比起电影《她》，OpenAI团队从人类对话中获得的启发更大。“你不说话了，我就接一句。我能读懂你的语气并做出回应。这非常自然，丰富，而且充满互动。”

20240515查尔斯加冕后首张肖像油画引热议

'Burning in Hell' or 'Very Fine'? King Charles' First Official Portrait Unveiled

From: The Daily Beast

The first official portrait of King Charles completed since his coronation as British monarch has been unveiled—with his face and body emerging from a striking, ghoulish-looking red miasma, and a butterfly about to land on his shoulder.

自英国国王查尔斯加冕以来的首张官方肖像画已亮相。画中，他的面部和身体从一片醒目的、犹如鬼魅的红色瘴气中浮现出来，一只蝴蝶即将落在他的肩膀上。

The large oil-on-canvas portrait, measuring 8ft 15in by 6ft 15in and created by the renowned painter Jonathan Yeo, features Charles in the garb of the Welsh Guards, holding a sword. Charles was appointed the Guards' Regimental Colonel in 1975, with Prince William taking on the post in 2023.

这幅大型肖像油画由著名画家乔纳森·伊奥（Jonathan Yeo）创作，长8英尺15英寸，宽6英尺15英寸，画中查尔斯身着威尔士近卫团制服，手持利剑。查尔斯于1975年被任命为威尔士近卫团团长，威廉王子于2023年接任该职位。

The BBC reported that the painting has one confirmed fan: Queen Camilla, who, on seeing the portrait, said to Yeo: “Yes, you've got him.”

英国广播公司（BBC）报道称，这幅画有一位忠实粉丝：卡米拉王后（Queen Camilla）。她在看到这幅肖像画后对乔纳森·伊奥说：“是的，你把他画得很像。”

Inevitably, online opinion raged about the dramatic painting—about whether it showed Charles' “acceptance of the revelation of your flaws and your mortality,” or it being a “very fine portrait,” or conversely “like the poster for a truly nightmarish horror movie,” or even so bad it was deemed “absolutely fecking hideous, looks like he is burning in hell.”

关于这幅戏剧性画作，网上的意见自然众说纷纭——有人认为这幅画展示了查尔斯“接受自身缺陷和死亡的启示”，有人称其为一幅“非常优秀的肖像画”，也有人觉得它“像一部噩梦般的恐怖电影海报”，甚至有人认为“太TM丑了，看起来像是在地狱中燃烧”。

The portrait joins a gallery of other controversial royal renderings, like Lucian Freud's portrait of Queen Elizabeth, and Paul Emsley's portrait of Kate Middleton.

这幅肖像画与卢西安·弗洛伊德（Lucian Freud）为伊丽莎白女王（Queen Elizabeth）所作的肖像画和保罗·埃姆斯利（Paul Emsley）为凯特·米德尔顿（Kate Middleton）所作的肖像画一样，引起了争议。

The portrait was commissioned in 2020 to commemorate Charles marking 50 years as a member of The Drapers' Company in 2022.

这幅肖像画是于2020年委托绘制的，以纪念查尔斯在2022年成为德雷珀公司（The Drapers' Company）成员50周年。

Yeo said Charles had seen the painting in its “half-done state… He was initially mildly surprised by the strong color but otherwise he seemed to be smiling approvingly.”

乔纳森·伊奥说，查尔斯看到这幅画时，画作还处于“半成品状态……他起初对这幅画的强烈色彩略感惊讶，但除此之外，似乎微笑着表示认可。”

Yeo—whose other royal sitters included Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip, and who has painted celebrities like Nicole Kidman—told the BBC that Charles had sat for the portrait four times since 2021. “My interest is really in figuring out who someone is and trying to get that on a canvas,” he said.

乔纳森·伊奥曾为伊丽莎白女王和菲利普亲王（Prince Philip）等王室成员画像，也为妮可·基德曼（Nicole Kidman）等名人画像。他告诉BBC，自2021年以来，查尔斯已经四次为这幅肖像画当模特。“我真正感兴趣的是弄清一个人的本质，并试图将其展现在画布上，”他说。

As for the presence of the butterfly, it “symbolizes metamorphosis and rebirth,” Yeo said, referencing Charles' ascension to the throne.

乔纳森·伊奥提到，蝴蝶的出现“象征着蜕变和重生”，寓意查尔斯登上王位。

The butterfly also references Charles' dedication to environment causes that “he has championed most of his life and certainly long before they became a mainstream conversation.”

蝴蝶还代表了查尔斯对环保事业的奉献，“他一生中大部分时间都在支持环保事业，当然，早在环保成为主流话题前，他就已经这么做了。”

Yeo told the BBC: “I said, when schoolchildren are looking at this in 200 years and they're looking at the who's who of the monarchs, what clues can you give them? He (Charles) said, 'What about a butterfly landing on my shoulder?'”

乔纳森·伊奥告诉BBC：“我说，当200年后的小学生看到这幅画，看到那些君主名录时，你能给他们什么线索？他（查尔斯）说，‘一只蝴蝶落在我的肩膀上怎么样？’”

“It was a privilege and pleasure to have been commissioned by The Drapers' Company to paint this portrait of His Majesty The King, the first to be unveiled since his Coronation. When I started this project, His Majesty The King was still His Royal Highness The Prince of Wales, and much like the butterfly I've painted hovering over his shoulder, this portrait has evolved as the subject's role in our public life has transformed,” Yeo said in a statement.

“我很荣幸也很荣幸能受德雷珀公司委托，为国王陛下绘制这幅肖像画，这是自加冕礼以来首次亮相的肖像画。当我开始这个项目时，国王陛下还是威尔士亲王，就像我画的那只盘旋在国王陛下肩膀上的蝴蝶一样，随着国王陛下在我们的公共生活中的角色发生了变化，这幅肖像画也发生了变化，”乔纳森·伊奥在声明中说。

“I do my best to capture the life experiences etched into any individual sitter's face. In this case, my aim was also to make reference to the traditions of royal portraiture but in a way that reflects a 21^st Century Monarchy and, above all else, to communicate the subject's deep humanity,” Yeo added. “I'm unimaginably grateful for the opportunity to capture such an extraordinary and unique person, especially at the historic moment of becoming king.”

“我尽最大努力捕捉刻在每个画中人脸上的人生经历。在这幅作品中，我的目标也是参考王室肖像画的传统，但要以一种反映21世纪君主制的方式，最重要的是，要传达其中的深刻人性，”乔纳森·伊奥补充道。“我非常感谢能有机会绘制这样一个非凡而独特的人物，尤其是在其成为国王的历史性时刻。”

As for feeling nervous about how the portrait might be received by the king himself, Yeo joked: “If this was seen as treasonous, I could literally pay for it with my head, which would be an appropriate way for a portrait painter to die—to have their head removed!”

至于对国王本人会如何接受这幅肖像画感到紧张，乔纳森·伊奥开玩笑说：“如果这被视为叛国，我真的可以用我的头颅来偿还，这对肖像画画家来说是一种合适的死法--砍头！”

20240516花少北道歉

That Loving Feeling Takes a Lot of Work

From: The New York Times

When people fall in love and decide to marry, the expectation is nearly always that love and marriage and the happiness they bring will last; as the vows say, till death do us part. Only the most cynical among us would think, walking down the aisle, that if things don't work out, "We can always split."

在人们坠入爱河、决定结婚的时候，他们总是希望自己的爱情、婚姻和幸福能够天长地久；像结婚誓言说的那样，直到死亡将我们分离。在新人携手步入婚姻殿堂时，只有最愤世嫉俗的人才会想到，生活中难免事与愿违，“我们总会分道扬镳”。

But the divorce rate in the United States is half the marriage rate, and that does not bode well for this cherished institution.

然而，美国人的离婚率是结婚率的一半，对于人们珍视的婚姻制度来说，这并不是个好兆头。

While some divorces are clearly justified by physical or emotional abuse, intolerable infidelity, addictive behavior or irreconcilable incompatibility, experts say many severed marriages seem to have just withered and died from a lack of effort to keep the embers of love alive.

尽管有些人离婚有非常正当的理由，比如身体和精神上的虐待，难以忍受的婚外情，成瘾行为或者不可调和的矛盾，但是专家表示，许多破裂的婚姻似乎只是源于感情的减弱和消亡，因为夫妻双方没有努力保留爱情火焰的余烬。

I say "embers" because the flame of love - the feelings that prompt people to forget all their troubles and fly down the street with wings on their feet - does not last very long, and cannot if lovers are ever to get anything done. The passion ignited by a new love inevitably cools and must mature into the caring, compassion and companionship that can sustain a long-lasting relationship.

我用“余烬”这个词，是因为爱情的火焰——这种感情促使人们忘记所有的烦恼，如同脚生双翼，在大街上飞奔——并不会持续很久，即使情侣们竭尽全力也不会长久。新恋情点燃的热情不免会冷却，必须逐渐转化成对彼此的关心、同情和友谊，双方才能维持长久的关系。

Studies by Richard E. Lucas and colleagues at Michigan State University have shown that the happiness boost that occurs with marriage lasts only about two years, after which people revert to their former levels of happiness - or unhappiness.

理查德·卢卡斯(Richard E. Lucas)和他在密歇根州立大学(Michigan State University)的同事进行的研究表明，通过婚姻提升的幸福感只能持续大约两年的时间，此后人们会恢复到原来的幸福水平——或者再次感受到不幸福。

Infatuation and passion have even shorter life spans, and must evolve into "companionate love, composed more of deep affection, connection and liking," according to Sonja Lyubomirsky, a professor of psychology at the University of California, Riverside.

加州大学河滨分校(University of California, Riverside)的心理学教授索尼娅·柳博米尔斯基(Sonja Lyubomirsky)表示，迷恋与热情持续的时间甚至更短，必须转化成“伴侣之爱，包括更多深厚的亲情、友情和喜爱”。

In her new book, "The Myths of Happiness," Dr. Lyubomirsky describes a slew of research-tested actions and words that can do wonders to keep love alive.

在她的新书《幸福的神话》(The Myths of Happiness)中，柳博米尔斯基博士描述了一系列经过研究验证的行为和言语，能够为人们创造保持爱情活力的奇迹。

She points out that the natural human tendency to become "habituated" to positive circumstances - to get so used to things that make us feel good that they no longer do - can be the death knell of marital happiness. Psychologists call it "hedonic adaptation": things that thrill us tend to be short-lived.

她指出，人类天生就有“适应”积极环境的倾向——习惯于那些让我们感觉良好、前所未有的事物——这可能成为幸福婚姻的丧钟。心理学家称其为“享乐适应”：这些刺激我们的快感往往是短暂的。

So Dr. Lyubomirsky's first suggestion is to adopt measures to avert, or at least slow down, the habituation that can lead to boredom and marital dissatisfaction. While her methods may seem obvious, many married couples forget to put them into practice.

因此，柳博米尔斯基的第一条建议是，采取措施避免或者至少缓解享乐适应的影响，这会导致人们产生厌倦，对婚姻不满。尽管她的方法也许看起来浅显易懂，但是许多已婚夫妇忘记将其付诸实践。

Steps to slow, prevent or counteract hedonic adaptation and rescue a so-so marriage should be taken long before the union is in trouble, Dr. Lyubomirsky urges. Her recommended strategies include making time to be together and talk, truly listening to each other, and expressing admiration and affection.

柳博米尔斯基博士呼吁，夫妻双方应该在遇到麻烦之前，采取措施来缓解、防止或抵消“享乐适应”的影响，挽救平淡的婚姻。她推荐的策略包括抽出时间一起聊天，真诚地倾听彼此的想法，向对方表达赞美和爱慕。

Dr. Lyubomirsky emphasizes "the importance of appreciation": count your blessings and resist taking a spouse for granted. Routinely remind yourself and your partner of what you appreciate about the person and the marriage.

柳博米尔斯基博士强调“赞赏的重要性”：珍惜你获得的幸福，不要想当然地对待你的配偶。经常提醒自己和你的伴侣，你多么赞赏对方和这段婚姻。

Also important is variety, which is innately stimulating and rewarding and "critical if we want to stave off adaptation," the psychologist writes. Mix things up, be spontaneous, change how you do things with your partner to keep your relationship "fresh, meaningful and positive."

变化也同样重要，这是内在的刺激和奖励，心理学家写道，“如果我们想避免享乐适应，变化显得至关重要”。心血来潮地换个新花样，改变你和伴侣相处的方式，让你们的关系保持“新鲜感，充满意义和积极性”。

Novelty is a powerful aphrodisiac that can also enhance the pleasures of marital sex. But Dr. Lyubomirsky admits that "science has uncovered precious little about how to sustain passionate love." She likens its decline to growing up or growing old, "simply part of being human."

新鲜感是强有力的兴奋剂，也能增加夫妻性生活的情趣。不过柳博米尔斯基也承认，“科学发现保持激情之爱的方法乏善可陈。”她把激情的衰退与人类的成长和衰老联系起来，“这仅仅是人性的一部分。”

Variety goes hand in hand with another tip: surprise. With time, partners tend to get to know each other all too well, and they can fall into routines that become stultifying. Shake it up. Try new activities, new places, new friends. Learn new skills together.

除了变化，我们还有另一个小窍门：制造惊喜。随着时间的流逝，伴侣通常对彼此过为熟悉，陷入单调乏味的日常生活。他们应该振作精神，尝试新的活动，游览新的地方，结识新的朋友，共同学习新的技能。

20240517美国14岁少年吃超辣薯片被辣死

Teen died from ultra-spicy 'One Chip Challenge,' autopsy finds

From: The Washington Post

A teenager in Massachusetts died after consuming a chip made with some of the hottest chile peppers in the world, an autopsy report showed.

尸检报告显示，马马萨诸塞州的一名少年在食用了由世界上最辣辣椒制成的薯片后死亡。

Harris Wolobah, 14, became unresponsive at home hours after eating a snack sold as an “extremely hot chip” at school and died shortly after in September.

2023年9月，14岁的哈里斯·沃洛巴（Harris Wolobah）在学校吃了一种被称为“爆辣薯片”的零食，回家几小时后便失去了知觉，不久后离世。

His death was caused by cardiac arrest “in the setting of recent ingestion of a food substance with high capsaicin concentration,” according to information shared by Elaine Driscoll, a spokesperson for the Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security.

根据马萨诸塞州公共安全执行办公室发言人伊莱恩·德里斯科尔（Elaine Driscoll）提供的信息，他的死因是“近期摄入高浓度辣椒素食品后”心脏骤停。

The report noted that Harris had a “cardiomegaly and myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending coronary artery” — an enlarged heart and a congenital heart condition.

报告指出，哈里斯患有 “心脏肥大和左前降支冠状动脉心肌桥”——心脏肥大和先天性心脏病。

Driscoll said that the cause of death was determined Feb. 27, but details from the autopsy gained national attention in May.

德里斯科尔表示，死因于2月27日确定，但尸检报告的细节在5月引起了全国关注。

The chip produced by Paqui, a subsidiary of the Hershey Co., was branded the “One Chip Challenge” and dared consumers to eat the spicy snack. It came packaged in a coffin-shaped box and seasoned with extreme spice for $9.99.

这款由美国好时公司（Hershey Co.）子公司Paqui生产的薯片以“One Chip Challenge”（一片薯片挑战）为卖点，鼓励消费者挑战食用这种辛辣零食。薯片盒子包装呈棺材形状，添加了爆辣的调味料，售价9.99美元。

The “One Chip Challenge” has been discontinued, and Paqui worked with retailers to voluntarily remove the product from store shelves in September 2023, the company told The Washington Post on Thursday afternoon.

该公司周四下午告诉《华盛顿邮报》（The Washington Post），“One Chip Challenge”已经停产，Paqui公司与零售商合作，于2023年9月自愿将该产品下架。

“We were and remain deeply saddened by the death of Harris Wolobah and extend our condolences to his family and friends,” said Kim Metcalfe, a spokesperson for Paqui, adding that the challenge “was intended for adults only … the product was not for children or anyone sensitive to spicy foods or with underlying health conditions.”

Paqui公司发言人金·梅特卡夫（Kim Metcalfe）表示：“我们对哈里斯·沃洛巴的离世深感悲痛，并向他的家人和朋友表示哀悼，”并补充说，这个挑战“只针对成年人……该产品不适合儿童或任何对辛辣食物过敏或有潜在健康问题的人。”

Harris's mother, Lois Wolobah, told WBZ in September that she learned from the school nurse that her son had fainted in school after eating a tortilla chip. When she reached the high school, Harris showed her an image of the Paqui chip that made him sick.

哈里斯的母亲洛伊斯·沃洛巴（Lois Wolobah）在2023年9月接受WBZ采访时表示，她从学校护士那里得知，她的儿子在学校吃了一片玉米薯片后晕倒了。当她赶到高中时，哈里斯向她展示了让他生病的Paqui薯片的照片。

A few hours later, Harris passed out at home. He was taken to an emergency room, where he died, his mother said.

几个小时后，哈里斯在家中昏迷。哈里斯的母亲说，他被送往急诊室后不治身亡。

When first responders arrived to assist Harris, he was unresponsive and not breathing, Worcester Police Department spokesperson Katie Daly-Shea told The Post in September.

2023年9月，伍斯特警察局发言人凯蒂·戴利-谢伊（Katie Daly-Shea）告诉《华盛顿邮报》，当急救人员赶到现场时，他已没有反应，停止呼吸。

“Harris was a light that lit up the room with his presence and subtle charm,” said Harris's family in a now-disabled GoFundMe drive arranged to raise funds for his funeral. “He was an intelligent, quirky and incredibly talented young man who loved video games and playing basketball!”

哈里斯的家人在为其葬礼筹款而安排的GoFundMe活动中说：“哈里斯是一束光，他的存在和微妙的魅力照亮了整个房间。他是一个聪明、独特、才华横溢的年轻人，喜欢电子游戏和打篮球！”

The product was being sold as a “One Chip Challenge,” suggesting consumers would find it challenging to consume the single 6-gram chip dusted with Carolina Reaper and Naga Viper peppers.

该产品以“One Chip Challenge”为卖点，暗示消费者吃下一片6克重、撒有卡罗莱纳死神椒和娜迦蝰蛇椒的薯片很有挑战性。

The idea for Paqui's “One Chip Challenge” was born a decade ago and has gone through seven iterations since then, mainly changing the peppers used to season it.

Paqui公司的“One Chip Challenge”创意诞生于十年前，此后经历了七次迭代，主要是改变了用来调味的辣椒。

Before Harris's death, there had been reports of children suffering physically after eating the chips at school.

哈里斯去世前，曾有报道称孩子们在学校吃了这种薯片后身体不适。

In January 2022, three students at a high school in Lodi, Calif., went to the emergency room after eating the chip, which caused them to vomit and struggle to breathe, Lodi Unified School District spokesperson Chelsea Vongehr told The Post.

2022年1月，加州洛迪联合学区发言人切尔西`冯格尔（Chelsea Vongehr）告诉《华盛顿邮报》，学区内一所高中的三名学生吃了这种薯片后，出现了呕吐和呼吸困难的情况，随后被送往急诊。

20240518奶茶热潮泡沫是否即将破裂？

Is China's bubble tea bubble about to burst?

From: BBC

From its origins in 1980s Taiwan to today's global craze, bubble tea or boba, has come a long way.

从1980年代起源于中国台湾省，到如今风靡全球，珍珠奶茶已走过了漫长的道路。

Ask people under the age of 40 anywhere in the world whether they have ever tried the milky tea and tapioca ball concoction and there's a pretty good chance that they have.

如果问世界上任何地方40岁以下的人是否品尝过这种奶茶和木薯粉制成的“珍珠”的调配品，他们很有可能给出肯定的答案。

Bubble tea has certainly hit a sweet spot with its many fans but it has left some investors with a bitter taste.

甜甜的奶茶无疑受到众多粉丝的追捧，但也让一些投资者尝到了苦涩。

Stock market debuts of two China-based chains have already flopped. And there are at least two more share sales in the pipeline.

两家中国连锁企业的上市遭遇了滑铁卢，至少还有两家企业正在筹备上市。

Despite these hiccups, it's undeniable that boba has become a global phenomenon after its popularity spread from Asia to the West.

尽管有这些小插曲，但不可否认的是，随着珍珠奶茶的热潮从亚洲蔓延到西方，它已成为一种全球现象。

From London to Helsinki and Buenos Aires to Cape Town, it's almost impossible to find a major city where it isn't on sale.

从伦敦到赫尔辛基，从布宜诺斯艾利斯到开普敦，几乎找不到一个没有奶茶店的大城市。

There are now an estimated half a million bubble tea shops in China alone.

据估计，仅在中国就有50万家奶茶店。

Thirty-something university lecturer Lili, who lives in the southern Chinese city of Guangzhou, first began drinking it while she was in primary school.

30多岁的大学讲师丽丽住在中国南部城市广州，她第一次喝奶茶是在上小学的时候。

Today she cannot go long without her fix. "Bubble tea is an easy-to-get pleasure so I drink it quite often," she says.

如今，她的生活已经离不开奶茶。“珍珠奶茶是一种很容易得到的快乐，所以我经常喝。”她说。

Tina, an office worker from Beijing also in her 30s, tells a similar story. She first tried boba when she was a child and now drinks it several times a week. She often makes group orders with co-workers and friends from a wide variety of well-known shops.

同为30多岁的蒂娜（Tina）是一名来自北京的上班族，她也有类似的经历。蒂娜第一次尝试珍珠奶茶是在童年，现在她每周都要喝几次。她经常与同事和朋友一起在各种不同的知名奶茶店下单团购。

Lili, Tina and millions of others like them have helped China's bubble tea businesses grow into a nationwide industry that last year was worth about 145 billion yuan ($20bn; £15.9bn), according to estimates by the China Chain Store & Franchise Association.

像丽丽和蒂娜这样的人在中国有数以百万计，他们正推动珍珠奶茶企业成长为一个全国性的产业。根据中国连锁经营协会的估算，该产业的市场规模在去年有望达到人民币1450亿元（200亿美元；159亿英镑）。

Innovation has been a key to its success "with new flavours and recipes constantly being launched", according to Jason Yu at consumer research group Kantar Worldpanel.

消费者研究机构“凯度消费者指数”（Kantar Worldpanel）中国区总经理虞坚认为，创新是该产业成功的关键，“新口味和新配方层出不穷”。

It's a strategy that resonates with Lili who says "promotion campaigns, brand collaborations and new flavours" have kept her going back for more.

这一策略引起了丽丽的共鸣。她说，“促销活动、品牌合作和新口味”让她不断成为回头客。

That approach has also helped bubble tea chains expand beyond China's major cities, Mr Yu says.

虞坚表示，这种策略也帮助奶茶连锁店向中国大城市以外的地区扩展。

Bubble tea "provides very much an affordable pleasure to consumers in China", said Mr Yu, pointing to the "wide price range" of products being offered by different bubble tea chains.

虞坚说，珍珠奶茶“为中国消费者提供了一种非常实惠的享受”。他指出，不同奶茶品牌提供了“价格范围很广”的产品。

Some investors, however, have not shown the same level of enthusiasm.

然而，一些投资者并没有表现出同样的热情。

Seeking to cash in on the craze, several Chinese tea chains have looked to sell shares to the public in recent years.

为了抓住这股热潮，近年来，多家中国连锁茶企都在寻求上市。

Last month, China's third largest bubble tea chain, Sichuan Baicha Baidao Industrial, known as Chabaidao, made its stock market debut. The shares plunged on their first day of trade and have yet to recover.

上个月，中国第三大奶茶企业四川百茶百道实业股份有限公司（茶百道）登陆港股，但其股价在首个交易日就暴跌，至今仍然低迷。

That followed another disappointing debut by Shenzhen-based Nayuki. Its shares have lost more than 80% of their value since their launch in Hong Kong almost three years ago.

在此之前，总部位于深圳的奶茶品牌“奈雪的茶”的上市表现也令人失望。自近三年前在香港上市以来，其股价已下跌了80%以上。

But this hasn't discouraged other bubble tea chains from planning their own share sales.

但这并没有影响其他奶茶品牌的上市计划。

Earlier this year, China's first and second largest chains by number of shops - Mixue Group and Guming Holdings - submitted applications to list on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

今年早些时候，中国门店数量排名第一和第二的连锁企业——蜜雪冰城和古茗控股——提交了在港交所上市的申请。

It "has relatively low barriers to entry, leading to increased competition," said Kenny Ng, Securities Strategist of Everbright Securities International.

光大证券国际有限公司的证券策略师伍礼贤（Kenny Ng）说：该行业的“进入门槛相对较低，导致竞争加剧”。

"Many companies rely on opening new stores to sustain revenue growth. However, this expansion strategy can lead to a decline in gross profit margins as companies face higher costs associated with store operations and management."

“许多公司依靠开新店来维持收入增长。然而，这种扩张战略可能会导致毛利率下降，因为公司面临着与门店运营和管理相关的更高成本。”

For bubble tea fans, growing competition has its advantages. Han is a regular boba drinker from Beijing who used to stay away from certain premium brands because she found them too expensive.

对于珍珠奶茶爱好者来说，日益激烈的竞争也有其好处。韩女士是一位来自北京的奶茶店常客，以前她会远离某些高端品牌，因为她觉得它们太贵了。

That has changed. She says price has become less of a factor when choosing between different brands because "they have a lot of discounts and vouchers".

这种情况已经改变。她表示，在选择不同品牌时，价格已不再是一个重要因素，因为“它们有很多折扣和代金券”。

But for bubble tea makers and their potential investors, lower prices and higher costs could prove to be an unattractive recipe.

但对于珍珠奶茶生产商及其潜在投资者来说，更低的价格和更高的成本可能是没有吸引力的。

"The Chabaidao case highlights the risks and does not bode well for the listings of other bubble tea chains," warned Gary Ng.

“茶百道的案例凸显了风险，对其他奶茶连锁企业的上市来说不是好兆头。”吴卓殷警告说。

Lili and Han say there is another far more important risk associated with the often sugar-packed drink that is holding them back from ordering more - putting on weight.

丽丽和韩女士说，这种通常含糖的饮料还有另一个让她们不敢买太多的更重要的风险——易让人发胖。

20240519郭有才是谁？

Only fifteen minutes of fame? Not so

From: Science Daily, March 28, 2013

True fame isn't fleeting. That's what a team of researchers led by Eran Shor from McGill University's Dept. of Sociology and Arnout van de Rijt of Stony Brook University conclude. They studied all the names mentioned in over 2,000 English-language newspapers from the U.S., Canada and the U.K. over a period of several decades. What they found was that, contrary to popular belief (and scholarly research up to now), the people who become truly famous stay famous for decades, and that this is the case whatever field they are in, including sports and politics.

真正的成名不会转瞬即逝。这是麦吉尔大学（McGill University）社会学系的埃兰·肖尔（Eran Shor）和石溪大学（Stony Brook University）的阿尔诺·范·德·里特（Arnout van de Rijt）带领的研究团队得出的结论。他们研究了数十年来在美国、加拿大和英国的2000多家英文报纸中提到的所有名字。研究人员发现，与人们的普遍看法（以及迄今为止的学术研究）相反，真正成名的人可以保持数十年之久，而且无论是哪个领域，包括体育和政治，都是如此。

Talent, resources or chance events may propel an individual into the spotlight. But once someone becomes truly famous, they tend to stay that way. Temporary celebrity is highly unusual and is to be found primarily in the bottom tiers of the fame hierarchy, such as when people like whistle blowers become famous for a limited time for participating in particular events.

天赋、资源或偶然事件可能会将一个人推到聚光灯下。但是一旦某人真正成名，他们往往会一直保持这种状态。一时成名是非常罕见的，主要出现在名望等级的底层，比如像告密者这样的人，因参与特定事件而在有限的时间内成名。

This is even true of entertainment, where it might appear that fame is likely to be most ephemeral. For example, in a random sample of 100,000 names appearing in the entertainment sections of newspapers during the period 2004-2009, the ten names that appeared most frequently were Jamie Foxx, Bill Murray, Natalie Portman, Tommy Lee Jones, Naomi Watts, Howard Hughes, Phil Spector, John Malkovich, Adrien Brody, and Steve Buscemi. All have been celebrated for at least a decade and all are still much talked about today.

即使在娱乐圈，这一结论也适用。尽管在娱乐圈，名气似乎最容易消逝。例如，在2004年至2009年期间，随机抽取的10万个出现在报纸娱乐版面的名字中，出现频率最高的十个名字是杰米·福克斯、比尔·默瑞、娜塔莉·波特曼、汤米·李·琼斯、娜奥米·沃茨、霍华德·休斯、菲尔·斯佩克特、约翰·马尔科维奇、阿德里安·布罗迪和史蒂夫·布西密。这些人至少在十年前就都已成名，至今仍被人们津津乐道。

It's a finding that goes against most of the scholarly research until now. "There is almost a consensus among scholars in the field of the sociology of fame that most fame is ephemeral," says Prof. Shor. "What we've shown here that is truly revolutionary is that the people who you and I would consider famous, even the Kim Kardashians of this world, stay famous for a long time. It doesn't come and go."

这一发现与迄今为止的大多数学术研究相悖。“名声社会学领域的学者几乎达成共识，即大多数成名都是短暂的，”肖尔教授说。“我们在这里展示的真正具有革命性意义的是，你我眼中成名的人，甚至是金·卡戴珊这样的人，都能保持很长时间的知名度，名气不会来去匆匆。”

Indeed, the annual turnover in the group of famous names is very low. Ninety-six percent of those whose names were mentioned over 100 times in the newspapers in a given year were already in the news at least three years before. The authors point out that this can be explained by the fact that both media and audiences are trapped in a self-reinforcing equilibrium where they must continue to devote attention, airtime and newspaper space to the same old characters because everyone else does so as well.

事实上，知名人士的年更替率非常低。在某一年报纸上被提到100次以上的人中，有96%的人至少三年前就已经出现在新闻中。作者指出，这可以用这样一个事实来解释，即媒体和受众都陷入了一种自我强化的平衡状态，他们必须继续把注意力、时间和报纸版面分配给那些老面孔，因为其他所有人也是如此。

In general, big names follow career-type patterns of growth, sustenance and gradual decay over the course of decades. Van de Rijt explains: "As with all sociological regularities, our claim is not absolute. We can all think of examples of both types, fleeting and long-term fame. Leonard Cohen is still well known today, over forty years after he first became famous. But Chesley Sullenberger, the pilot who received instant fame after safely landing a disabled plane on the Hudson, is a name that will likely be forgotten pretty quickly. What we have shown is that Leonard Cohen is the rule and Chesley Sullenberger the exception."

一般来说，名人的名气在几十年的时间里会经历增长、维持和逐渐衰落的职业生涯模式。范·德·里特解释说：“与所有社会学规律一样，我们的结论并不是绝对的。我们都能想到名气昙花一现以及长期成名的例子。莱昂纳德·科恩（Leonard Cohen）在成名四十多年后的今天仍然广为人知。但是切斯利·萨伦伯格（Chesley Sullenberger），这位在哈德逊河上成功迫降失事飞机的飞行员，他的名字可能会很快被遗忘。我们的研究表明，莱昂纳德·科恩是常态，而切斯利·萨伦伯格是例外。”

The researchers acknowledge that there is further work to be done with data from blogs, television, and video sharing sites like YouTube to see whether the same patterns hold true for those vehicles.

研究人员承认，还需要进一步研究博客、电视和YouTube等视频分享网站的数据，以了解这些载体是否也有同样的模式。

20240520“胖猫”事件后续

Can ❤️s change minds? How social media influences public opinion and news circulation

From: The Conversation, September 10, 2023

Social media use has been shown to decrease mental health and well-being, and to increase levels of political polarization.

研究表明，使用社交媒体会对心理健康产生负面影响，降低幸福感，并加剧政治两极分化程度。

But social media also provides many benefits, including facilitating access to information, enabling connections with friends, serving as an outlet for expressing opinions and allowing news to be shared freely.

然而，社交媒体也有许多优点，包括方便获取信息、与朋友建立联系、作为发表观点的渠道以及自由分享新闻。

To maximize the benefits of social media while minimizing its harms, we need to better understand the different ways in which it affects us. Social science can contribute to this understanding. I recently conducted two studies with colleagues to investigate and disentangle some of the complex effects of social media.

为了最大限度地发挥社交媒体的优点，同时将其危害降至最低，我们需要更好地理解社交媒体影响我们的不同方式。社会科学可以对此做出贡献。我最近与同事进行了两项研究，以探讨和理清社交媒体的一些复杂影响。

Social media likes and public policy 社交媒体点赞和公共政策

In a recently published article, my co-researchers and I examined how social media endorsements, such as likes and retweets, can influence people's opinions on policy issues.

在最近发表的一篇文章中，我和合作研究者分析了社交媒体上的点赞和转发等背书行为如何影响人们对政策问题的看法。

We conducted an experimental survey in 2020 with respondents from the United States, Italy and Ireland. In the study, we showed participants social media posts about COVID-19 and the tension between economic activity and public health. We then manipulated the perceived level of support within these social media posts.

我们在2020年对来自美国、意大利和爱尔兰的受访者进行了一项实验性调查。在这项研究中，我们向参与者展示了关于新冠疫情以及经济活动与公共卫生之间紧张关系的社交媒体帖子。然后，我们操纵了这些社交媒体帖子中所感知的支持度（点赞和转发数量）。

Overall, we found that the perceived level of support of the social media posts did not affect participants' views — with one exception. Participants who reported using Facebook or Twitter for more than one hour a day did appear to be influenced. For these respondents, the perceived endorsements in the posts affected their policy preferences.

总体而言，我们发现社交媒体帖子的支持度并不影响参与者的观点，但有一个例外。每天使用脸书（Facebook）或推特（Twitter）超过一小时的参与者似乎受到了影响。对于这些受访者来说，帖子中的支持度影响了他们的政策偏好。

Social media metrics can be an important mechanism through which online influence occurs. Though not all users pay attention to these metrics, those that do can change their opinions as a result.

社交媒体指标可能是产生网络影响力的重要机制。尽管并非所有用户都会关注这些指标，但关注的用户会因此改变自己的观点。

Active social media users in our survey were also more likely to report being politically engaged. They were more likely to have voted and discussed policy issues with friends and family (both online and offline) more frequently. These perceived metrics could, therefore, also have effects on politics and policy decisions.

在我们的调查中，活跃的社交媒体用户也更有可能表示自己参与政治活动。他们更有可能投过票，也更经常与朋友和家人（线上和线下）讨论政策问题。因此，这些感知指标也会对政治和政策决策产生影响。

Twitter's retweet change and news sharing 推特转发变化和新闻传播

In October 2020, a few weeks before the U.S. presidential election, Twitter changed the functionality of its retweet button. The modified button prompted users to share a quote tweet instead, encouraging them to add their own commentary.

2020年10月，在美国总统大选前几周，推特更改了其转发按钮的功能。修改后的转发按钮鼓励用户添加自己的评论，而不是单纯引用原推文。

Twitter hoped that this change would encourage users to reflect on the content they were sharing and to slow down the spread of misinformation and false news.

推特希望这一变化能鼓励用户对自己分享的内容进行反思，并减缓错误信息和虚假新闻的传播。

In a recent working paper, my co-researcher Daniel Ershov and I investigated how Twitter's change to its user interface affected the spread of information on the platform.

在最近的一篇研究报告中，我和我的合作研究者丹尼尔·埃尔绍夫（Daniel Ershov）分析了推特对其用户界面所做的改变如何影响平台上的信息传播。

We collected Twitter data for popular U.S. news outlets and examined what happened to their retweets after the change was implemented. Our study revealed that this change had significant effects on news diffusion: on average, retweets for news media outlets fell by over 15 per cent.

我们收集了美国热门新闻媒体的推特数据，并研究了转发按钮变化后这些媒体的转发情况。我们的研究表明，这一变化对新闻传播产生了重大影响：平均而言，新闻媒体的转发量下降了15%以上。

We then investigated whether the change affected all news media outlets to the same extent. We specifically examined whether media outlets where misinformation is more common were affected more by the change. We discovered this was not the case: the effect on these outlets was not greater than for outlets of higher journalistic quality (and if anything, the effects were slightly smaller).

我们随后调查了这一变化是否对所有新闻媒体产生了相同程度的影响。我们特别研究了错误信息更常见的媒体是否受这一变化的影响更大。我们发现情况并非如此：对这些媒体的影响并不比对新闻质量较高媒体的影响大（实际上，影响还略微小一些）。

A similar comparison revealed that left-wing news outlets were affected significantly more than right-wing outlets. The average drop in retweets for liberal outlets was more than 20 per cent, but the drop for conservative outlets was only five per cent. This occurred because conservative users changed their behaviour significantly less than liberal users.

类似的比较显示，左翼新闻媒体受到的影响明显大于右翼媒体。自由派媒体的转发量平均下降了20%以上，而保守派媒体的转发量仅下降了5%。出现这种情况的原因是保守派用户的行为变化明显小于自由派用户的行为变化。

Lastly, we also found that Twitter's policy affected visits to the websites of the news outlets affected, suggesting that the new policy had broad effects on the diffusion of news.

最后，我们还发现，推特的策略影响了受影响新闻媒体网站的访问量，这表明新策略对新闻传播产生了广泛的影响。

Understanding social media 理解社交媒体

These two studies underscore that seemingly simple features can have complex effects on user attitudes and media diffusion. Disentangling the specific features that make up social media and estimating their individual effects is key to understanding how social media affects us.

这两项研究强调，看似简单的功能会对用户态度和媒体传播产生复杂的影响。解析构成社交媒体的具体功能并估计其各自的影响是理解社交媒体如何影响我们的关键。

Like Instagram, Meta's new Threads platform allows users to hide the number of likes on posts. X, formerly Twitter, has just rolled out a similar feature by allowing paid users to hide their likes. These decisions can have important implications for political discourse within the new social network.

与Instagram一样，Meta的新平台Threads允许用户隐藏帖子的点赞数。X（推特前身）刚刚推出了类似的功能，允许付费用户隐藏自己的点赞数。这些决定可能会对新社交网络中的政治话语产生重要影响。

At the same time, subtle changes to platforms' design can have unintended consequences which depend on how users respond to these policies. Social scientists can play an important role in furthering our understanding of these nuanced effects of social media.

与此同时，平台设计的微妙变化也会产生意想不到的后果，这取决于用户对这些策略的反应。社会科学家可以发挥重要作用，帮助我们进一步理解社交媒体的这些微妙影响。

20240521汪峰官宣新恋情

After Divorce or Job Loss Comes the Good Identity Crisis

From: The Wall Street Journal, July 30, 2013

Whether you've lost a job or a girlfriend, it won't take long before someone tells you, "Dust yourself off. Time heals all wounds."

无论是失业还是失恋，你很快就会听到别人说，重新振作起来吧，时间会治愈一切创伤。

Yes, but how much time?

但究竟需要多长时间呢？

Experts say most people should give themselves a good two years to recover from an emotional trauma such as a breakup or the loss of a job. And if you were blindsided by the event—your spouse left abruptly, you were fired unexpectedly—it could take longer.

专家指出，大多数人应该给自己两年时间来从分手或失业等情感创伤中恢复过来。如果发生的事情让你猝不及防——配偶突然离开或意外被解雇——可能需要更长的时间。

That is more time than most people expect, says Prudence Gourguechon, a psychiatrist in Chicago and former president of the American Psychoanalytic Association. It's important to know roughly how long the emotional disruption will last. Once you get over the shock that it is going to be a long process, you can relax, Dr. Gourguechon says. "You don't have to feel pressure to be OK, because you're not OK."

芝加哥精神科医生、美国精神分析协会前主席普鲁登丝·古尔格雄（Prudence Gourguechon）说，这比大多数人预期的时间要长。了解情绪紊乱大概会持续多长时间很重要。古尔格雄博士说，一旦你克服了那种震惊感，意识将要经历漫长的过程，你就能放松下来。“你不必为了好起来而感到压力，因为这需要时间。”

Some experts call this recovery period an "identity crisis process." It is perfectly normal, they say, to feel depressed, anxious and distracted during this time—in other words, to be an emotional mess. (Getting over the death of a loved one is more complicated and typically will take even longer than two years, experts say.)

一些专家将这段恢复期称为“认同危机过程”（identity crisis process）。他们说，在这段时间里感到沮丧、焦虑和心烦意乱是完全正常的，换句话说，就是情绪紊乱。（专家说，从亲人去世的阴影中走出来会更加复杂，通常需要超过两年的时间。）

Some people may find they need less than two years to bounce back from a divorce. But experts caution that it probably doesn't pay to ignore the process, hurry it along or deny it, say, by immediately moving across the country to get a fresh start or diving into a new relationship. That will probably only postpone the day of reckoning.

有些人可能会发现自己只需要不到两年的时间就能从离婚中恢复过来。但专家提醒说，忽视、加快或否认这个过程，比如说，立即搬家重新开始或投入一段新的感情，可能是得不偿失的。这样做可能只是推迟面对现实的时间。

After all, it takes time to rethink all the things that may be disrupted by emotional trauma, such as one's living situation, finances, professional goals and—maybe most important—how a person sees him or herself. There aren't any shortcuts. "The whole sweep of your life has to be reassessed and rewoven," Dr. Gourguechon says.

毕竟，重新思考所有可能被情感创伤打乱的事情，比如生活现状、财务状况、职业目标以及最重要的自我认知，都需要时间。没有任何捷径可走。古尔格雄博士说：“你生活的方方面面都必须重新评估和重新构建。”

Recovering from a divorce or job loss actually involves two overlapping processes. There is the recovery from grief. And there is the even more time-consuming process of rebuilding the structure of your life. Where will you eat dinner? Who will your friends be? After all, if you are married, even if you hate your spouse, "you know when to show up and when to come home," Dr. Gourguechon says.

从离婚或失业中恢复过来实际上涉及两个相互重叠的过程。一个过程是从悲伤中恢复。另一个是更耗时的过程，即重建你的生活结构。你将在何处吃晚餐？谁将成为你的朋友？毕竟，如果你结婚了，即使你讨厌你的配偶，“你也知道什么时候该出现，什么时候该回家”，古尔格雄博士说。

If you saw the loss coming—say you initiated the divorce—you are ahead of a person who was caught off guard. A person taken by surprise is "required to do a lot more rumination," says Sandra Petronio, a professor of communication at Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis. "You need to do some type of analysis about what happened to you."

如果你预见到了这一天的到来——比如说你主动提出离婚——那么你就比那些措手不及的人更有优势。被突如其来事件打击的人“需要更多的反思”，印第安纳大学与普渡大学印第安纳波里斯联合分校（IUPUI）传播学教授桑德拉·佩特罗尼奥（Sandra Petronio）说，“你需要对发生在自己身上的事情进行一些分析。”

"People start thinking they are crazy because the things they usually do to right their ship—things like talking to their mother, asking their friends for help, getting some sleep—don't work anymore," says Ilene Dillon, a licensed clinical social worker in Kentfield, Calif. "And you have all these emotions that won't seem to stop."

“人们开始觉得自己快要崩溃了，因为平时用来调节情绪的方法——比如和母亲谈心、向朋友求助、好好睡一觉——现在都不起作用了，”加利福尼亚州肯特菲尔德持证临床社会工作者伊琳·狄龙（Ilene Dillon）说。“而且各种情绪似乎总是挥之不去。”

To help yourself get through the process, accept that there is nothing wrong with you, even if your emotions feel overwhelming. Remind yourself that this period will end. Tell your friends and family that while you may not be your typical self for a while, you still need their support and you will recover.

为了帮助自己度过这一过程，要告诉自己：即使你的情绪感到难以承受，也并不代表你有问题。提醒自己，这个阶段会过去的。告诉你的朋友和家人，尽管你可能暂时不像平常那样，但你仍然需要他们的支持，并且你会好起来的。

Don't make any major, permanent changes, if you can help it, such as moving to a new city. Therapy can help, so you won't have to go through the process alone. As for a new relationship—forget about it.

如果可以的话，不要做出任何重大的、永久性的改变，比如搬到一个新城市。接受心理治疗会有所帮助，让你不必独自面对这个过程。至于新的恋情，还是算了吧。

20240522多名炫富网红被封号

The surprising benefits of living beyond your means “炫富”能带来什么好处？

From: BBC

Scroll through rapper 50 Cent's Instagram feed and you'll find a preponderance of photos where he basks in unimaginable riches.

浏览饶舌歌手“50美分”（50 Cent）的Instagram页面，你会发现很多炫富的照片。

There's the shot where the rapper, real name Curtis James Jackson III, can't seem to find his legs because they're buried under $100 bills. There's another where he's stocked his refrigerator with bundles of greenbacks. More confusing still is a snap where the rapper arranges his “lunch money” ($100 bills) to spell out the word “broke”.

在其中一张照片里，这位真名柯蒂斯·詹姆斯·杰克逊三世（Curtis James Jackson III）的饶舌歌手的腿似乎不见了，因为他用100美元的纸币把它们埋了起来。在另一张照片里，他在自己的冰箱里装满了一捆捆的美元纸币。还有一张更令人困惑的照片，他用自己的“午餐钱”（一堆100美元纸币）拼出了“broke”（破产）这个词。

That last image is the most telling. Jackson filed for bankruptcy in July last year, claiming debts of between $10m and $50m, according to court documents. But when the 40-year-old was summoned to a Connecticut court in the US this February, the judge explained that she was having trouble reconciling the man in front of her with the man in those Instagram photos.

最后一张照片最为吐露真情。法院文件显示，杰克逊去年7月申请破产，他的负债高达1000万至5000万美元。但当美国康涅狄格州的一家法院今年2月传唤这位40岁的饶舌歌手时，法官表示他完全无法想象面前的那个人就是Instagram照片中的“50美分”。

The rapper's creditors had tipped her off to the Instagram account, according to the New York Times. Jackson's response was as simple as it was unexpected.

据《纽约时报》报道，这位饶舌歌手的债主给法官展示了他的Instagram帐号。杰克逊的回答简单得令人意外。

The piles of notes were “prop money”, he wrote in documents filed to the court. “Just because I am photographed in or next to a certain vehicle, wearing an article of clothing, holding a product, sitting next to what appears to be large sums of money or modelling expensive pieces of jewellery does not meant that I own everything in those photos.”

成堆成捆的钱都是“道具纸币”，他在提交给法院的文件中写道，“我在照片中坐进或靠近某辆汽车、穿着某件衣服、拿着某个东西、坐在一大堆钱的旁边或者带着昂贵的首饰，并不意味着我拥有这一切。”

The rapper is hardly the first person to prop up his public image with borrowed finery. It's an open secret in Hollywood that much of the clothing and jewellery worn by celebrities has been “seeded”, or loaned, to them by fashion brands. And those lavish cars? They're often leased (or even rented) from high-end dealers who specialise in working with athletes and stars.

“50美分”并不是第一个通过借来的东西提升自己公共形象的人。明星的很多服装和珠宝其实都是“播种的”（seeded），也就是说，这都是从时尚品牌那里借来的。这在好莱坞早已是公开的秘密。豪车呢？通常都是从专门跟文体明星打交道的高端经销商那里租来的。

And it's not just celebrities; an increasing number of everyday people are leasing a lifestyle beyond their reach in order to project an image of power and authority they hope will give them an edge.

其实不只是明星，越来越多的普通人也在通过借来的东西享受超出自身能力范围的生活，希望以此给人留下有权有势的印象，以便为自己赋予优势。

Worth the investment? 这笔投资值得吗？

Image consultant Marian Rothschild, author of the book Look Good Now And Always, said making small lifestyle changes to give the appearance of wealth or power can often prove to be a good long-term investment for professionals. Consider it investing in your personal brand.

《总是看起来很好》（Look Good Now And Always）一书的作者、形象顾问玛丽安·罗斯柴尔德（Marian Rothschild）表示，对于专业人士而言，通过对生活方式的轻微调整来营造有钱有势的形象，通常都是一项不错的长期投资。可以把它视作是对个人品牌的投资。

“People these days are realising, 'I need to up my game for what I believe my potential is, where I want to go, and how I want my life to be. So I'm going to make this investment by buying this Rolex watch, or leasing this gorgeous car, or overextending myself on my wardrobe for this season',” she explained. “It's kind of like a peacock extending its feathers and saying, 'look at me'.”

“如今的人们渐渐明白一个道理，'我需要通过展示我的潜力、我想去的地方和我渴望的生活方式，让自己上一个台阶。所以我要进行一些投资，购买这块劳力士手表，或者租下这辆豪车，或者在这场活动中穿着不属于自己的衣服。'”她解释道，“这有点像孔雀开屏，为的就是让人们都来看我。”

A recent survey from global staffing service OfficeTeam found that 80% of executives take clothing choices into account when considering an employee for a promotion, while a similar study at Korea's Yonsei University found that interviewees with clearly branded luxury clothing were more likely than their competitors in cheaper clothing to not only win the job, but also receive a higher salary.

全球派遣服务提供商OfficeTeam最近进行的调查发现，有80%的高管在提拔员工时，会考虑他们的穿着。韩国延世大学的一项类似研究也发现，如果穿着鲜艳的豪华品牌服装前来面试，不仅比穿着廉价服装的竞争对手更有可能应聘成功，还有可能获得更高的薪水。

The study concluded that the job candidates instantly increased their status in the eyes of others by actively signalling that they could afford the luxury brands and were, thus, seen as higher up in the hierarchy of capitalism.

该研究认为，只要主动让对方知道自己买得起奢侈品牌，并因此被视作身处较高的资本主义阶层，那么求职者在他人眼中的地位就会瞬间得到提升。

Carol Megehee, a co-author on the study and professor of marketing at Coastal Carolina University in the US, said that how and when you wear a prominent brand can have a big impact on your target audience's unconscious bias. But it might not always be positive.

该报告的联合作者、美国卡罗来纳海岸大学市场营销教授卡罗尔·梅格希（Carol Megehee）表示，穿着名牌服装的方式和时机可能对你的目标受众产生很大影响，使之形成无意识的偏见。但这种影响未必总是积极的。

“If you're a woman who is going in to interview with another woman you may not want to over flash with luxury brands because it might actually work against you,” she explained. Megehee noted in her study that brand logos had considerable benefits in most interactions, but there was a clear gender bias between women where, at least anecdotally, she believes jealousy may be at play.

“如果你是一位正要去面试的女性，而你的面试官恰好也是女性，那或许就不应该过度炫耀自己的奢侈品，因为这有可能对你不利。”她解释道。梅格希指出，她的研究显示，品牌标志在多数情况下都会带来明显的好处，但女人之间却会存在明显的性别歧视，至少，嫉妒心可能会起到一定的作用。

How much is too much? 如何把握尺度？

Of course, leasing a lifestyle can turn from a wise investment to an unhealthy ego trip pretty quickly. Being honest with yourself about overextending your budget without tangible professional results is key to avoiding that trap, said Rothschild.

当然，通过租用东西来改变生活方式原本可能是一笔明智的投资，但却有可能很快变成爱慕虚荣的攀比行为。罗斯柴尔德表示，在花钱租用一些对自己的职业没有影响的东西时，要对自己诚实一些，这是避免掉入这种陷阱的关键。

Are you spending rent money on renting clothes, for instance? Maybe you've gone too far.

例如，你是否用借来的钱租衣服？如果是的话，你可能有些过分了。

Rothschild believes if you want to be seen as “responsible, reliable, worldly, and competent,” then it's important to strike the appropriate balance between being genuine while ensuring that “every element of your personal brand stays in alignment with how you wish to be known.”

罗斯柴尔德认为，如果你想看起来“可靠、可信、世故、能干”，那就必须要达成适当的平衡，一方面要保持真实的自我，另一方面也要确保“个人品牌的每个元素都要与你希望打造的形象相符”。

20240523英国首相道歉

'Day of shame': Rishi Sunak offers unequivocal apology for infected blood scandal

From: The Guardian

Rishi Sunak declared Monday a “day of shame for the British state” as he apologised for the failures of successive governments over the infected blood scandal and promised to pay whatever it takes to compensate the victims.

里希·苏纳克（Rishi Sunak）宣称星期一是“英国国家耻辱日”，并为历届英国政府在受感染血液丑闻中的失职道歉，承诺将不惜一切代价赔偿受害者。

The prime minister issued his apology in a packed House of Commons chamber, hours after Brian Langstaff published his report that accused the British government of covering up the disaster.

布莱恩·兰斯塔夫（Brian Langstaff）发表报告指责英国政府掩盖了这场灾难，数小时后，英国首相在座无虚席的下议院发表了道歉声明。

Sunak spared no element of the British government in his criticism, which highlighted failures by ministers, civil servants and the NHS. But he was also accused of deepening victims' pain by not setting up a compensation scheme a year ago when it was first recommended by Langstaff.

苏纳克毫不留情地批评了英国政府各个部门，指出了大臣、公职人员和国家医疗服务体系（NHS）的失职。然而，他也受到指责，没有在一年前兰斯塔夫首次提议时设立赔偿计划，从而让受害者更加痛苦。

He said: “This is a day of shame for the British state. Today's report shows a decades-long moral failure at the heart of our national life – from the National Health Service to the civil service to ministers in successive governments at every level – that people and institutions in which we place our trust failed in the most harrowing and devastating way.”

他说：“这是英国国家耻辱日。今天的报告表明，从国家医疗服务体系到行政部门，再到历届各级政府大臣，我们国家生活的核心存在长达数十年的道德败坏，我们信任的人和机构以最令人痛心和最具毁灭性的方式辜负了我们的信任。”

Sunak added: “This is an apology from the state – to every single person impacted by this scandal. It did not have to be this way; it should never have been this way. And on behalf of this and every government stretching back to the 1970s, I am truly sorry.”

苏纳克补充道：“这是国家对每一个受此丑闻影响的人的道歉。事情本不必如此，也绝不应该如此。代表本届政府以及自20世纪70年代以来的历届英国政府，我深表歉意。”

Ministers will reveal on Tuesday how much they will set aside for compensation payment to victims and their families: 30,000 people were infected and 3,000 died. “Whatever it costs to deliver this scheme, we will pay it,” Sunak promised on Monday.

大臣们将于周二公布他们将为受害者及其家属支付的赔偿金额：3万人受到感染，3000人死亡。苏纳克周一承诺：“无论实施这项计划需要多少费用，我们都会承担。”

Langstaff unveiled the findings of his 2,500-page report. The report found much of the damage done by the scandal could have been avoided, but that successive governments “did not put patient safety first”.

兰斯塔夫公布了长达2500页的报告结果。该报告发现，丑闻造成的许多伤害本可以避免，但历届英国政府“没有把患者安全放在首位”。

Sunak's address to the Commons followed in a line of prime ministerial apologies on behalf of the British state, including those by David Cameron for the Bloody Sunday massacre and the Hillsborough tragedy.

苏纳克在下议院的讲话，延续了历任英国首相为政府失职公开道歉的惯例，之前戴维·卡梅伦（David Cameron）曾为“血腥星期天”大屠杀和希尔斯堡惨案道歉。

John Glen, the paymaster general, will give full details of the compensation scheme on Tuesday. Sunak is reported to have authorised payments worth about ￡10bn, which will be funded by extra borrowing and counted as capital spending to avoid breaching the government's borrowing targets.

财政部主计长约翰·格伦（John Glen）将于周二公布具体赔偿计划。据报道，苏纳克已批准约100亿英镑的赔偿，这笔资金将通过额外借贷筹集，并计入资本支出，以避免违反政府的借贷目标。

Labour is expected to back the scheme and promise to keep it in place should it come to power later this year.

预计工党将支持该计划，并承诺如果今年晚些时候上台执政，将继续实施该计划。

Keir Starmer, the Labour leader, said: “Politics itself failed you. That failure applies to all parties including my own. There is only one word: sorry.

工党领袖基尔·斯塔默（Keir Starmer）说：“政治本身辜负了你们。包括我所在党派在内的所有党派都失职了。只有一个词：对不起。”

“And by that apology, I acknowledge that this suffering was caused by wrongdoing, delay and systemic failure across the board, compounded by institutional defensiveness.”

“通过这次道歉，我承认这一苦难是由普遍存在的不当行为、拖延和系统性失职造成的，并因机构的防御性反应（即组织在面对错误或批评时倾向于自我保护和拒绝承认错误的态度）而加剧。”

Theresa May, who commissioned Langstaff's report when she was prime minister, said there had been “a devastating and abject failure of the British state – medical professionals, civil servants, politicians – all of whom felt their job was to protect their own reputation rather than to serve and look after the public who they were there to serve”.

特蕾莎·梅在担任首相期间委托兰斯塔夫撰写了这份报告，她表示“英国国家——医疗专业人员、公职人员、政客——都出现了毁灭性的、可悲的失职，他们都认为自己的工作是保护自己的声誉，而不是服务和关照他们应该服务的公众”。

20240524橄榄球运动员毕业典礼演讲引争议

Benedictine College nuns denounce Harrison Butker's speech at their school

From: NPR

An order of nuns affiliated with Benedictine College rejected Kansas City Chiefs kicker Harrison's Butker's comments in a commencement speech there last weekend that stirred up a culture war skirmish.

本笃会学院（Benedictine College）附属修女会对堪萨斯城酋长队（Kansas City Chiefs）球员哈里森·巴特克（Harrison Butker）在上周末毕业典礼上的言论表示不满，这些言论引发了文化冲突。

"The sisters of Mount St. Scholastica do not believe that Harrison Butker's comments in his 2024 Benedictine College commencement address represent the Catholic, Benedictine, liberal arts college that our founders envisioned and in which we have been so invested," the nuns wrote in a statement posted on Facebook.

修女会在Facebook上发表的一份声明中写道：“圣斯科拉斯蒂卡山修女会认为，哈里森·巴特克在本笃会学院2024年毕业典礼致辞中的言论并不代表我们创始人所设想的、我们一直以来为之倾注大量心血的天主教本笃会博雅学院。”

In his 20-minute address, Butker denounced abortion rights, Pride Month, and "the tyranny of diversity, equity and inclusion" at the Catholic liberal arts college in Atchison, Kan.

在堪萨斯州艾奇逊天主教博雅学院发表的20分钟演讲中，巴特克抨击了堕胎权、骄傲月以及“对多元化、公平化和包容化的专横”。

He also told women in the audience to embrace the "vocation" of homemaker.

他还告诉在座的女性应当接受家庭主妇的“天职”。

"I want to speak directly to you briefly because I think it is you, the women, who have had the most diabolical lies told to you. How many of you are sitting here now about to cross the stage, and are thinking about all the promotions and titles you're going to get in your career?" he asked. "Some of you may go on to lead successful careers in the world. But I would venture to guess that the majority of you are most excited about your marriage and the children you will bring into this world."

“我想直接对你们简单说几句，因为我觉得是你们，女性们，被灌输了最恶毒的谎言。你们中有多少人坐在这里，即将登上舞台，想着你们将在职业生涯中获得的所有晋升和头衔？”他问道。“你们中的一些人可能会在事业上取得成功。但我大胆猜测，你们中的大多数人最期待的是你们的婚姻和将要抚养的孩子。”

That was one of the themes that the sisters of Mount St. Scholastica took issue with.

这是圣斯科拉斯蒂卡山修女会所反对的观点之一。

"Instead of promoting unity in our church, our nation, and the world, his comments seem to have fostered division," they wrote. "One of our concerns was the assertion that being a homemaker is the highest calling for a woman. We sisters have dedicated our lives to God and God's people, including the many women whom we have taught and influenced during the past 160 years. These women have made a tremendous difference in the world in their roles as wives and mothers and through their God-given gifts in leadership, scholarship, and their careers."

“他的言论非但没有促进教会、国家和世界的团结，反而似乎助长了分裂。”她们写道。“我们的一大关切是，他断言成为家庭主妇是女性的最高使命。我们修女会将一生奉献给了上帝和上帝的子民，包括我们在过去160年中教导和影响过的许多女性。这些女性在作为妻子和母亲的角色上，以及通过她们在领导力、学术和职业生涯中的天赋，对世界产生了巨大影响。”

The Benedictine sisters of Mount St. Scholastica founded a school for girls in Atchinson in the 1860s. It merged with St. Benedict's College in 1971 to form Benedictine College.

19世纪60年代，圣斯科拉斯蒂卡山本笃会修女在艾金森（Atchinson）创办了一所女子学校。1971年，该校与圣本笃学院（St. Benedict's College）合并，组建了本笃会学院。

Neither Butker nor the Chiefs have commented on the controversy. An online petition calling for the Chiefs to release the kicker had nearly 215,000 signatures as of Sunday morning.

巴特克和堪萨斯城酋长队对此次争议均尚未置评。截至周日上午，一份呼吁堪萨斯城酋长队解雇巴特克的在线请愿书已获得近21.5万个签名。

The NFL, for its part, has distanced itself from Butker's remarks.

美国国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）方面则与巴特克的言论划清界限。

"Harrison Butker gave a speech in his personal capacity," Jonathan Beane, the NFL's senior VP and chief diversity and inclusion officer told NPR on Thursday. "His views are not those of the NFL as an organization."

NFL高级副总裁兼首席多元和包容官乔纳森·比恩（Jonathan Beane）周四对美国国家公共电台（NPR）表示，“哈里森·巴特克是以个人身份发表了演讲，他的观点不代表NFL作为一个组织的立场。”

Meanwhile, Butker's No. 7 jersey is one of the league's top-sellers, rivaling those of better-known teammates Patrick Mahomes and Travis Kelce.

另一方面，巴特克的7号球衣是联盟中最畅销的球衣之一，与更知名队友帕特里克·马霍姆斯（Patrick Mahomes）和特拉维斯·凯尔斯（Travis Kelce）的球衣不相上下。

Butker has been open about his faith. The 28-year-old father of two told the Eternal Word Television Network in 2019 that he grew up Catholic but practiced less in high school and college before rediscovering his belief later in life.

巴特克一直公开表达自己的信仰。现年28岁、身为两个孩子父亲的他在2019年对永恒话语电视网（Eternal Word Television Network）表示，他从小就是天主教徒，但在高中和大学时信教较少，后来才重新找回了信仰。

His comments have gotten some support from football fan social media accounts and Christian and conservative media personalities.

他的言论得到了一些足球迷社交媒体账号以及基督教和保守派媒体名人的支持。

20240525难怪都在看《歌手》 原来是在默默练翻译

Survey finds generative AI proving major threat to the work of translators

From: The Guardian

More than a third of translators have lost work due to generative AI, a survey by the Society of Authors (SoA) has found. More than four in 10 translators said that their income has decreased because of generative AI, while more than three-quarters believe the emerging technology will negatively affect their future income.

英国作家协会（Society of Authors, SoA）的一项调查发现，超过三分之一的译者因生成式人工智能（Generative AI）技术而失去了工作。超过四成的译者表示，他们的收入因生成式人工智能而减少，而超过四分之三的人认为新兴技术将对他们的未来收入产生负面影响。

The SoA, the UK's largest trade union for writers, illustrators and translators, ran the survey in January. It found that 37% of translators had used generative AI to support their work, and 8% used it because they were asked by their publisher or commissioning organisation.

英国最大的作者、插画师和译者工会SoA于今年1月份开展了这项调查。调查发现，37%的译者使用过生成式人工智能来辅助工作，8%的译者是应出版商或委托机构的要求而使用。

Thomas Bunstead, whose translations from Spanish include The Book of All Loves by Agustín Fernández Mallo, said it is important to draw a distinction between literary translators and “commercial” translators. “Though a third of translators have responded to the SoA survey saying they think they've lost work to AI already, literary translation remains in the hands of humans,” he said. “The work that has presumably been handed over to AI will be the kind of uncomplicated bread-and-butter stuff which doesn't require so much nuance,” such as instruction manuals.

托马斯·邦斯特德（Thomas Bunstead）曾翻译过西班牙作家奥古斯丁·费尔南德斯·马洛（Agustín Fernández Mallo）的《众爱之书》（The Book of All Loves）。他说，区分文学译者和“商业”译者是很重要的。“尽管三分之一的译者在英国作家协会调查中表示，他们认为自己因为AI而丢了工作，但文学翻译仍然掌握在人类手中，”他说。“那些交给AI的翻译工作，多是一些不需要太多细致处理的简单任务，比如使用手册。”

“Idiomatic, knotty and complex writing,” is likely to remain with human translators, agrees Nichola Smalley, whose translations from Swedish and Norwegian include A System So Magnificent It Is Blinding by Amanda Svensson. “But perhaps the people translating crime and romance novels who are currently getting less work due to AI will all start getting into the complex stuff and we'll all be fighting for space in that niche. I hope not!”

尼古拉·斯莫利（Nichola Smalley）也认为，“惯用语、复杂和难解的表达”可能依然需要人类译者处理。她翻译过瑞典语和挪威语作品，其中包括阿曼达·斯文森（Amanda Svensson）的《一家三口》（A System So Magnificent It Is Blinding）。“但或许那些目前因为AI导致翻译工作较少的犯罪小说和爱情小说译者，会转向更复杂的作品领域，我们都将在这个细分市场中争夺一席之地。但愿不会如此！”

Ian Giles, the co-chair of the Translators Association whose translations from Scandinavian languages into English include the forthcoming The Cuckoo by Camilla L?ckberg, said that his income from commercial translation work has fallen significantly since the beginning of 2023. The loss of non-literary streams of income for literary translators will mean the “raising of the bar to entry into the industry, with only those with wealth able to translate literature for publication”. He also said that cost-cutting is not confined to non-literary translation – a publisher specialising in ebooks and audiobooks for which he previously translated has switched to a process known as post-editing, when an AI translator has a first go at translating a text before a human editor checks it and makes tweaks.

翻译协会联合主席伊恩·贾尔斯（Ian Giles）主要翻译斯堪的纳维亚语作品，包括即将出版的卡米拉·莱克伯格（Camilla L?ckberg）的《布谷鸟》（The Cuckoo）。他表示，自2023年初以来，他的商业翻译收入显著下降。文学译者失去非文学收入来源，将意味着“行业准入门槛提高，只有那些有钱人才能翻译出版文学作品。他还提到，削减成本并不局限于非文学翻译——一家专门从事电子书和有声读物的出版商（他曾为该出版商从事翻译工作）已经转而采用一种被称为“译后编辑”的过程，即AI首先对文本进行翻译，然后由人工编辑进行检查和调整。

Nuanxed, a company which facilitates translation via post-editing, said that while translators are “essential in maintaining high quality literature in translation”, their “methodologies will need to evolve alongside technological advancements”. CEO Robert Casten Carlberg said that “integrating AI into the translators' toolbox” will enhance productivity “without sacrificing creativity or quality”.

Nuanxed是一家译后编辑公司，该公司表示，虽然译者“在实现高质量文学翻译方面不可或缺”，但他们的“方法需要随着技术进步而发展”。该公司首席执行官罗伯特·卡斯滕·卡尔伯格（Robert Casten Carlberg）指出，“将AI整合到译员工具箱”将提高生产力，“而不会牺牲创造力或质量”。

However, Smalley said there are concerns that post-editing can create “a lot more work” for translators, who have to carefully compare texts to catch misreadings and “poor or unidiomatic” style. “Colleagues who have done this kind of post-editing work say that it requires a far higher degree of attention, because the AI generated text often reads so plausibly,” she said.

不过，斯莫利表示，有人担心译后编辑会给译者增加“更多的工作量”，译者必须仔细比较文本，以发现错译和“糟糕或不地道”的表达。“译后编辑同事说，这需要更高的专注度，因为AI生成的文本往往读起来似是而非，”她说。

Bunstead added that “translators, like all freelancers, can go through lean periods. They won't always know for certain the reasons why, but AI is currently the obvious explanation. A few years ago Brexit insularity was the root of all our money worries.”

邦斯特德补充说：“译者和所有自由职业者一样，也会经历低迷期。他们并不总能确定其中的原因，但AI的发展是目前显而易见的解释。而几年前，英国脱欧孤立是我们所有资金担忧的根源。”

Of the 787 SoA members who responded – including writers of fiction and nonfiction, scriptwriters, poets and journalists, as well as illustrators and translators – 94% reported wanting credit or compensation when their work is used to develop generative AI tools. In light of the survey, the SoA said that there is an “urgent need” for government regulation of AI tools to ensure they are developed and used “ethically and lawfully”.

该调查的受访者为787名英国作家协会成员（包括小说和非小说作家、编剧、诗人和记者，以及插画师和译者）。其中，94%的人表示，当他们的作品被用于开发生成式人工智能工具时，希望得到署名或报酬。英国作家协会表示，鉴于这项调查，政府“迫切需要”对人工智能工具进行监管，以确保其开发和使用“合乎道德和法律”。

“I'm certain that the act of creative and literary translation will live on in one shape or another,” said Giles. “For many there is a deep-seated desire to translate and I also believe there is an audience that desires human-translated content.”

“我确信，创译和文学翻译将以某种形式继续存在，”贾尔斯说。“许多人内心深处有着翻译热情，我也相信读者渴望欣赏由人类翻译的内容。”

20240526赛琳娜获得戛纳影后

Cannes 2024: 'Emilia Pérez' Ensemble, Including Selena Gomez, Wins Best Actress at Gala Ceremony

From: billboard

The female ensemble of Jacques Audiard’s crime musical Emilia Pérez — Selena Gomez, Zoe Salda?a, Karla Sofía Gascón and Adriana Paz — received the best actress honor at the prestigious 2024 Cannes Film Festival gala ceremony Saturday night (May 25).

周六晚（5月25日），雅克·欧迪亚（Jacques Audiard）执导的犯罪音乐剧《艾米莉亚·佩雷斯》（Emilia Pérez）中的女主演——赛琳娜·戈麦斯（Selena Gomez）、佐伊·索尔达娜（Zoe Salda?a）、卡拉·索菲亚·加斯康（Karla Sofía Gascón）和阿德里安娜·帕兹（Adriana Paz）在享有盛誉的2024戛纳电影节颁奖典礼上获得了最佳女演员奖。

“Women together — that's something we wanted to honor when we made this award,” Cannes jury president and Barbie director Greta Gerwig said of the shared win, according to The Hollywood Reporter. “Each of them is a standout, but together transcendent.”

据《好莱坞报道》（The Hollywood Reporter），“女性团结在一起——这是我们颁发这一奖项时想要表彰的，”戛纳电影节评审团主席、《芭比》（Barbie）导演格蕾塔·葛韦格（Greta Gerwig）在谈到多人共同获奖时说。“她们每位演员都是佼佼者，加在一起则是一种超越。”

In a groundbreaking moment for the trans community, Emilia Pérez star Gascón, who accepted the ensemble cast's award with a tearful speech, is the first transgender actress to win at Cannes. The Spanish-language musical/crime pic about a Mexican drug lord (Gascón) embracing her true identity as a woman also received the jury prize at this year's festival.

卡拉·索菲亚·加斯康作为《艾米莉亚·佩雷斯》演员代表上台领奖，含泪发表了获奖感言。她成为首位在戛纳电影节上获奖的变性女演员，这对变性人群体来说是一个开创性的时刻。这部讲述墨西哥毒枭（加斯康饰）接受自己真实女性身份的西班牙语音乐/犯罪片也获得了今年戛纳电影节的评审团奖。

Gomez was in Cannes for the film's premiere, press and photocalls earlier in the week, but not in attendance at Saturday's gala. She portrays the wife of Gascón's character in the film.

本周早些时候，赛琳娜·戈麦斯在戛纳参加了电影首映式、媒体见面会和拍照活动，但没有出席周六的颁奖典礼。她在片中饰演加斯康的妻子。

The singer-actress got the news of the win through a phone call from co-star Salda?a. “When @zoesaldana told me we all won best actress!!” Gomez captioned an Instagram Story reaction video, in which she's seen sitting outdoors, and in which her excitement is palpable.

这位歌手兼演员是通过联袂主演佐伊·索尔达娜的电话得知获奖消息的。赛琳娜·戈麦斯在Instagram快拍中发布了自己的反应视频并配文“当佐伊·索尔达娜告诉我我们全都获得了最佳女演员奖时！”视频中，她坐在户外，激动之情溢于言表。

The Palme d'Or, the festivals's top honor, was given to Sean Baker's Anora. The Grand Prix went to Payal Kapadia's All We Imagine As Light. Mohammad Rasoulof's The Seed of the Sacred Fig received a special award from the jury, and Jesse Plemmons won best actor for his work in Yorgos Lanthimos' Kinds of Kindness.

戛纳电影节的最高荣誉金棕榈奖被授予肖恩·贝克（Sean Baker）执导的《阿诺拉》（Anora）。评审团大奖（The Grand Prix）被授予帕拉尔·卡帕迪亚（Payal Kapadia）执导的《想象之光》（All We Imagine As Light）。穆罕默德·拉索罗夫（Mohammad Rasoulof）指导的《神圣无花果之种》（The Seed of the Sacred Fig）获得了评审团特别奖，杰西·普莱蒙（Jesse Plemons）凭借在约戈斯·兰西莫斯（Yorgos Lanthimos）执导的《善良的种类》（Kinds of Kindness）中的角色获得了最佳男演员奖。

George Lucas was presented with an honorary Palme d'Or on Saturday, for his contribution to cinema since 1971, when his directorial debut, THX-1138, received a nod in the Directors' Fortnight section at Cannes.

乔治·卢卡斯（George Lucas）被授予“荣誉金棕榈”终身成就奖，以表彰他自1971年以来对电影事业的贡献。1971年，他的导演处女作《五百年后》（THX-1138）入选戛纳电影节导演双周单元。

On Sunday, Selena Gomez arrived for her photocall at the Cannes Film Festival wearing another off-the-shoulder dress, this one in bright red and covered in fabric roses along the neckline that then trailed over her arms like a wearable bouquet. The skirt ended mid-calf, revealing her tall red pumps.

上周日，赛琳娜·戈麦斯身着又一件露肩裙出席戛纳电影节拍照活动。这条亮红色的露肩裙，领口上装饰着玫瑰织物蔓延到手臂上，像佩戴了花环一样。裙摆至小腿中部，露出她的红色高跟鞋。

This is just one of several off-the-shoulder looks the singer has worn for her weekend in France. She attended the premiere on Saturday wearing a black-and-white gown by Saint Laurent with striking Bulgari jewelry around her neck and in her ears.

这只是赛琳娜·戈麦斯上周末在法国穿的几件露肩礼服之一。周六，她出席首映礼时穿了一件圣罗兰（Saint Laurent）黑白礼服，脖子上和耳朵上佩戴的宝格丽珠宝引人注目。

20240527“建议最近不要穿黄色衣服出门”

Football fans plagued by bugs after team switches to 'pollen' yellow shirts

From: Daily Mail, 29 July 2010

Football supporters claim they have been plagued by insects since their team switched to brighter yellow shirts.

足球迷声称，自从球队换上更明亮的黄色球衣以来，虫子就一直困扰着他们。

Fans of Norwich City, known as the Canaries, say they were engulfed by swarms of black bugs as they walked home from a pre-season friendly.

被称为“金丝雀”的诺里奇城足球俱乐部（Norwich City）球迷说，他们观看完季前友谊赛后，走在回家的路上被成群的黑色虫子包围了。

Now experts have revealed the insects are attracted to that shade of yellow because it closely resembles pollen.

现在专家指出，这种亮黄色非常接近花粉的颜色，因此吸引了大量虫子。

The bugs were identified as pollen beetles, also known as Meligethes aeneus, which are particularly attracted to oilseed rape and daffodils.

经鉴定，这些虫子是露尾甲，学名Meligethes aeneus，特别喜欢油菜和黄水仙花。

But fans are demanding Norwich City changes its 'more Brazilian' coloured shirts back to the less attracting yellow they played in before.

但球迷们要求诺里奇城足球俱乐部将“更具巴西色彩”的球衣改回他们之前穿的不那么吸引虫子的黄色球衣。

One fan reported on a website: 'Got absolutely engulfed in them today, annoying lot. I suppose a few thousand luminous yellow shirts didn't help either.'

一位球迷在网上说：“今天完全被虫子包围了，真是烦人。我想，几千件亮黄色球衣也无济于事。”

And another added: 'When you wear your City shirt it attracts about a million tiny little black bugs.'

另一位球迷补充道：“当你穿上诺里奇城球衣时，会吸引成千上万的小黑虫。”

Mr Ian Bedford, head of entomology at the John Innes Centre in Norwich said: 'Yellow is always a good colour to attract insects and that's why we have yellow sticky traps in greenhouses to monitor the number of pests around.

英国诺里奇研究园约翰英纳斯中心（John Innes Centre）昆虫学负责人伊恩·贝德福德先生（Mr Ian Bedford）说：“黄色总是很吸引昆虫，这就是我们在温室里使用黄色黏性诱捕器来监测周围害虫数量的原因。”

'Obviously in East Anglia a lot of oilseed rape is grown and these insects lay their eggs in flower buds of rapeseed flowers before they hatch into beetles and fly off to feed on pollen.

“显然，在东英吉利地区（East Anglia）种植了很多油菜，这些昆虫会在油菜花的花蕾中产卵，然后孵化成甲虫，飞出去吃花粉。”

'These insects are highly attracted to yellow, because it's a sign to them of food.

“这些昆虫非常喜欢黄色，因为黄色对它们来说是食物的象征。”

'You see them on yellow bed sheets put out in gardens to dry and on daffodils, and now on yellow football shirts.

“你可以在花园里晾晒的黄色床单和水仙花上看到它们，现在黄色球衣上也有。”

‘They are a major pest of oilseed rape, but have become quite resistant to pesticides.'

“它们是油菜的主要害虫，对杀虫剂产生了很强的抗药性。”

Bedbugs are drawn to certain colors, study finds

From: CNN, April 11, 2017

The next time you're packing for a trip, you might want to reach for your brightest-colored luggage. It could help keep bedbugs away.

下次你收拾行李准备旅行时，不妨带上颜色最亮眼的行李箱，或许能帮助你远离臭虫（bedbugs）。

A new study finds that bedbugs – just like flies and other insects – have favorite colors. They really like dark red and black, and they shun dazzling white and bright yellow.

一项新研究发现，臭虫——就像苍蝇和其他昆虫一样——有自己喜欢的颜色。它们真的很喜欢深红色和黑色，而对耀眼的白色和亮黄色则避而远之。

Researchers placed bedbugs in Petri dishes that contained little bug-sized tents made of different colored paper. The bugs quickly crawled to the shelter, just as you would expect for insects that spend 90% of their lives hiding in cracks and crevices. But when given the chance, they gravitated toward the tents that were black and red instead of the white, yellow or green shelters.

研究人员将臭虫放在培养皿中，培养皿内装有不同颜色、虫子大小的纸制帐篷。正如你所料，这些虫子会迅速爬到帐篷里，因为它们一生中90%的时间都躲在裂缝和缝隙里。但如果有机会，它们会倾向于选择黑色和红色的帐篷，而不是白色、黄色或绿色的。

“We joked that we are all going to buy bright yellow luggage bags because the bedbugs seem not to prefer them, or not to prefer laying eggs on them,” said Roberto Pereira, an urban entomology research scientist at the University of Florida. Pereira was part of the team that carried out the research, which was published Monday in the Journal of Medical Entomology.

“我们开玩笑说，我们都要买亮黄色的行李箱，因为臭虫似乎不喜欢它们，或者不喜欢在上面产卵，”佛罗里达大学（University of Florida）城市昆虫学研究科学家罗伯托·佩雷拉（Roberto Pereira）说。佩雷拉是该研究团队的一员，该研究于周一发表在《医学昆虫学杂志》（Journal of Medical Entomology）上。

One of the most common ways to get bedbugs is when you stay at a hotel that has an infestation, and the insects or a few of their eggs hitch a ride home with you on your bag, Pereira said. Sunny-colored suitcases could help prevent that, although bedbugs might still be able to find dark folds in the fabric in which to stow away, he added.

佩雷拉说，臭虫最常见的传播方式之一是当你住在有臭虫出没的酒店时，臭虫或它们的卵会附着在你的行李上，随你一同回家。他补充说，亮色行李箱可以减少这种风险，不过臭虫可能还是会在布料的暗褶处藏身。

20240528王妈在塌一种很新的房

Your Promotion Doesn't Come With a Raise. Should You Take It?

From: The Wall Street Journal

Congratulations, you've just been promoted. Wait, you were expecting a raise with that big, new job?

恭喜，你刚刚被提拔了，马上要升任新职、承担重任。但别高兴得太早，你以为升职就能加薪？

So-called dry promotions—the kind that bring bigger responsibilities without a pay increase—present a career dilemma. And some data suggest they're becoming more common as companies manage their talent with tighter budgets. Businesses are devoting less of their 2024 salary budgets for raises tied to promotions than last year, according to benefits-advisory firm Mercer's recent survey of more than 900 companies.

所谓的“干”升职，也就是那种担子更重、薪水不涨的升职，让打工人左右为难。 一些数据表明，在公司预算趋紧、对人事管理精打细算的当下，无加薪升职变得更加普遍。福利咨询公司美世（Mercer）最近对900多家公司进行的调查显示，2024年，与晋升挂钩的加薪在薪资预算中所占比例低于去年。

Meanwhile, 13% of employers recently polled by compensation consultants Pearl Meyer said they are relying on new job titles to reward employees when money for raises was limited, up from 8% in 2018.

与此同时，薪酬咨询公司Pearl Meyer最近的调查显示，13%的雇主表示，在加薪预算有限的情况下，它们会依靠给予新职衔来奖励员工，这一比例高于2018年的8%。

Consider no-raise promotions a sign of workers' ebbing leverage now that labor shortages have eased and companies are cutting costs where they can. Companies doled out hefty raises just to keep hold of workers when labor was in shorter supply. Now, some managers are shifting the duties of laid-off workers to remaining staff without a commensurate bump in pay.

我们可以把无加薪升职视为劳动者一方话语权减弱的迹象，因为现在劳动力短缺问题已经缓解，同时公司也正想方设法削减成本。在劳动力较为短缺的时候，公司会仅仅为了挽留员工而大幅加薪。现在，一些管理者将被裁员工的职责交给留下来的人，却不会相应地提高薪酬。

“Giving away titles is free, giving away money is not,” said Tom McMullen, a senior client partner at global organizational consulting firm Korn Ferry.

“换个头衔不费钱，加薪就不行了，”全球组织咨询公司Korn Ferry的高级客户合伙人汤姆·麦克马伦（Tom McMullen）说。

The question of whether to accept a raise-free promotion is a thorny one. Agreeing to a bigger job without a financial reward can result in burnout and resentment and stall your climb up the pay scale. With some maneuvering, though, you may secure a payoff down the road or use your new credential to land a better-paying job elsewhere, negotiation experts say.

要不要接受无加薪升职，是一个令人挠头的问题。如果同意在没有经济回报的情况下承担责任更大的工作，可能会导致倦怠，让你忿忿不平，并影响你的加薪进度。不过，谈判专家说，如果能够巧妙地处理，你可能会在今后获得回报，或者利用新资质在其他地方找到一份收入更高的工作。

Robin Lynn Valentino was initially excited when the beverage-industry company she worked for offered her a promotion a couple of years ago. Instead of managing her existing sales territory, she'd get to build a brand with a sales force in another state.

几年前，罗宾·林恩·瓦伦蒂诺（Robin Lynn Valentino）所在的饮料业公司给了她一个晋升机会，起初她感到很兴奋。她将不再管理现有的销售区域，而是要与另一个州的销售团队一起打造一个品牌。

When she asked about a raise to go with her new role, she said higher-ups weren't receptive. They emphasized what a career opportunity the move would be. “My heart sank,” said Valentino, who referenced the promotion offer on LinkedIn. “I knew my value.”

她说，当她要求与新职位相应的加薪时，上司却不大乐意。他们强调这次升职是多么好的职业机会。“我的心沉了下去，”瓦伦蒂诺说，“我知道自己的价值。”瓦伦蒂诺在领英（LinkedIn）上提到了这项升职提议。

Plus, she no longer would be earning her own commissions. She declined the promotion and, about 18 months later, parted ways with the company after a merger. She now works as an independent contractor in the industry in the Sarasota, Fla., area.

另外，升职后她就不再能赚取自己的佣金。她拒绝了升职提议，大约18个月后，她在公司合并后离职了。现在，她在佛罗里达州萨拉索塔地区从事饮料行业的工作，是一名独立承包商。

“It feels very liberating to stand up for something that you know is not right,” she said, though the experience of being offered a no-raise promotion still rankles her.

“站出来对你知道不合理的东西说不，让人感觉非常解气，”她说。不过，她对公司提议只升职不加薪这件事还是耿耿于怀。

Saying yes to a dry promotion makes sense when it's a role that will propel your career faster than your current track, even if going without a raise is untenable longer term, career and pay consultants say.

职业和薪酬顾问说，如果一个职位能够让你进入比目前路径更快的职业发展通道，不妨接受“干”升职，当然，从长期来看，只升职不加薪是说不过去的。

Think of whether the promotion will help get you where you want to be in several years, suggests Dawn Fay, operational president at recruiting firm Robert Half. “You may get to be part of meetings and events that you wouldn't otherwise, which can help you learn, grow and network,” she said.

招聘公司Robert Half的运营总裁道恩·费伊（Dawn Fay）建议考虑升职是否有助于你在几年内达到自己的目标。“你可能有机会参加原本不可能参加的会议和活动，这能够帮助你学习、成长和建立人脉，”她说。

Fay has also seen employees accept dry promotions, then start looking for another job with their latest role on their résumés. That may be one reason why recent data from payroll-services provider ADP show nearly 30% of people leave employers within a month of their first promotion.

费伊还见过一些员工接受了“干”升职，随后凭着履历上的最新职务另谋高就。这可能是导致许多人在晋升后离职的一项原因，薪资服务提供商ADP最近的数据显示，近30%的人在首次升职后的一个月内离职。

20240529每人1000美元！美国亿万富豪毕业典礼演讲现场发钱

Billionaire gives UMass graduates $1,000 each—but they have to give half of it away

From: Fortune

The clouds weren't alone in making it rain on the commencement ceremony at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth last week. On stage, billionaire philanthropist Rob Hale surprised the graduating class of more than 1,000 by pointing to a nearby truck holding envelopes stuffed with cash.

上周，马萨诸塞大学达特茅斯分校（University of Massachusetts Dartmouth）的毕业典礼上，不只是天空在“下雨”，亿万富翁、慈善家小罗伯特·黑尔也在台上制造了一场“现金雨”。他指着旁边一辆装满现金信封的卡车，给1000多名毕业生带来了意外的惊喜。

Huddling under ponchos and umbrellas at the soggy ceremony, the graduates yelled and cheered, their mouths agape, as Hale announced he was showering money upon them. Security guards then lugged the cash-filled duffel bags onto the stage.

在湿漉漉的毕业典礼上，毕业生们穿着雨披、打着伞。当黑尔宣布要给毕业生分发现金时，他们大声欢呼，非常惊讶。随后，保安将装满现金的行李袋搬到了舞台上。

Hale told the students each would get $1,000. But there was a condition: They were to keep $500 and give the rest away.

黑尔告诉学生们，每人将得到1,000美元。但有一个条件：他们只能保留500美元，另外500美元应捐出去。

Hale said the greatest joy he and his wife Karen had experienced in their lives had come from the act of giving.

黑尔说，他和妻子卡伦（Karen）一生中最大的快乐源于施予他人。

“We want to give you two gifts. The first is our gift to you,” Hale told the students. “The second is the gift of giving. These trying times have heightened the need for sharing, caring and giving. Our community needs you, and your generosity, more than ever.”

“我们想给你们两件礼物。第一件是我们送给你们的礼物，”黑尔告诉学生们。“第二件礼物是给予的礼物。在这些艰难的时刻，我们更需要分享、关爱和给予。我们的社区比以往任何时候都更需要你们以及你们的慷慨。”

The founder and chief executive of Granite Telecommunications, Hale is estimated by Forbes to have a net worth of $5.4 billion. He owns a minority stake in the Boston Celtics.

黑尔是Granite Telecommunications公司的创始人和首席执行官，据《福布斯》（Forbes）估计，他的净资产达54亿美元。他拥有波士顿凯尔特人队的少数股份。

It's the fourth year in a row that he has given a similar gift to a group of graduating students. Last year it was to students at UMass Boston, and before that it was to students at Roxbury Community College and Quincy College.

这是他连续第四年向毕业生们赠送类似的礼物。去年是送给马萨诸塞大学波士顿分校（UMass）的学生，之前是送给洛克斯布里社区学院（Roxbury Community College）和昆西学院（Quincy College）的学生。

But the students at UMass Dartmouth had no idea in advance Hale would be speaking — let alone giving away money.

不过马萨诸塞大学达特茅斯分校的学生事先并不知道黑尔会发表演讲，更不用说送钱了。

“I was very surprised,” said Joshua Bernadin, who graduated with a chemistry degree. “Everybody around me was in shock for a few seconds, and then they were all so happy.”

“我很惊讶，”化学专业毕业约书亚·伯纳丁（Joshua Bernadin）说。“我周围的每个人都愣了几秒钟，然后都非常高兴。”

Bernadin said he, too, was very happy to get the money. He hasn't yet decided what to do with his $500, although it could go toward paying down his student loans. He plans to donate the other $500 to the theater company and gospel choir he was involved in at the university.

伯纳丁说，他也非常高兴能拿到这笔钱。尽管这笔钱可以用来偿还助学贷款，他还没有决定如何处理这500美元。他计划将另外500美元捐给他在大学时参与的剧团和福音合唱团。

He said he liked the idea of being compelled to donate.

他说，他喜欢必须要捐赠这个主意。

“I feel like a lot of people, especially in my generation, are very, like, ‘I need to take this, I need to take that.'”

“我觉得很多人，尤其是我们这一代人，总是‘我要这个，我要那个’。”

He said that attitude was somewhat justified given the difficulty in getting established in today's world, but it was also important to remember those who had helped along the way and to give back.

他说，鉴于在当今世界难以站稳脚跟，这种想法在某种程度上是合理的，但同样重要的是，要记住那些一路帮助过自己的人，并给予回馈。

Hale told students his path to success had been rocky, after his previous company Network Plus filed for bankruptcy in 2002, during the dotcom crash.

黑尔告诉学生们，他的成功之路并不平坦。2002年互联网泡沫破灭时，他的前一家公司Network Plus破产了。

Have you ever met someone who lost a billion dollars before? Hale said, as he joked about giving the students career advice. “I may be the biggest loser you ever met, and you have to sit in the rain and listen to me.”

你们见过亏损10亿美元的人吗？黑尔一边说，一边开玩笑地给学生们提供职业建议。“我可能是你们见过的最大输家，而你们必须坐在雨中听我说”。

In an interview Monday with The Associated Press, Hale said part of the message he wanted to get across was that it was okay to take chances in life and fail.

在周一接受美联社（The Associated Press）采访时，黑尔说，他希望传达的信息之一是，在生活中冒险和失败都没有关系。

He said he and his wife had started the tradition of cash giveaways in the thick of the pandemic when students had little to celebrate.

他说，他和妻子在疫情最严重的时候开启了捐赠现金的惯例，当时学生们几乎没有什么值得庆祝的事情。

The most impactful part of it was hearing the heartfelt messages from those who had benefited from the students' gifts, he said, from struggling local organizations to families that could suddenly afford Christmas gifts.

他说，最具冲击力的部分是听到那些从学生礼物中受益的人们发自内心的感言，其中有陷入困境的当地组织，也有终于买得起圣诞礼物的家庭。

Graduating students that didn't attend the ceremony missed out on the money. Hale said he hears from some afterward every year, with a variety of reasons for their absences.

没有参加毕业典礼的毕业生将错过这份现金礼物。黑尔说，他每年都会收到一些学生的来信，因为各种原因而缺席。

“We say to them, one of the messages is, you've got to show up,” Hale said.

黑尔说：“我们对他们说，其中一个点就是，你一定要到场才行。”

He said local elementary schools personalize the two envelopes given to each of the students. One says “Gift” and one says “Give” and each contains $500. He acknowledged there was no way to ensure the students give away half the money.

他说，每位毕业生的两个信封都是由当地小学进行个性化定制的。一个写着“礼物”，一个写着“给予”，每个信封里都有500美元。他承认，没有办法确保学生们捐出一半的钱。

“But I believe that the vast majority do the right thing and then are joyful because of it,” he said.

“但我相信绝大多数人会做正确的事情，并因此感到快乐，”他说。

Hale is — unsurprisingly — in hot demand as a commencement speaker, and he said he plans to give away more cash next year. But which commencement he will attend will again remain a surprise.

毫无疑问，作为毕业典礼演讲嘉宾，黑尔很受欢迎，他说他计划明年捐出更多的现金。但他将出席哪个学校的毕业典礼仍将是个惊喜。

20240530华晨宇演唱会震碎肾结石？

Got kidney stones? Try riding a roller coaster to dislodge them

From: Chicago Tribune, September 26, 2016

Just ask any one of the 300,000 Americans who, in any given year, develop kidney stones: What if the excruciating pain of passing one of those little devils could be prevented by strapping yourself into a make-believe runaway mine train, throwing your hands in the air and enduring G-forces as high as 2.5 for about three minutes? Would you do it?

每年都有30万美国人患上肾结石，问问他们就知道了：假如把自己绑在一列模拟失控矿车上，高举双手，忍受高达2.5G的重力加速度约三分钟，就能避免罹患肾结石的剧痛？你会这么做吗？

Hell yeah, they'd do it.

当然，他们会这么做的。

In a bit of medical research inspired by strange and remarkable patient accounts, a Michigan State University urologist reports that, yes, riding a medium-intensity roller coaster such as the Disney theme parks' Big Thunder Mountain Railroad can result in the painless passing of small, and even a few large, kidney stones.

受到一些奇特且不同寻常的患者病例启发，密歇根州立大学的一位泌尿科医生报告说，确实，乘坐如迪士尼乐园的“巨雷山铁路”（Big Thunder Mountain Railroad）这样中等强度的过山车，能够无痛排出小的、甚至一些较大的肾结石。

For best results, ride in the back, where — roller coaster aficionados all seem to agree — the thrills are greatest. Independent of kidney stone volume and location, findings reported Sunday in the the Journal of the American Osteopathic Assn. showed that sitting in the back of the roller coaster resulted in an average passage rate of 63.89%.

为了达到最佳效果，建议坐在后排，因为过山车爱好者似乎都认为后排最刺激。周日，发表在《美国骨科协会杂志》（Journal of the American Osteopathic Assn.）的一项研究结果表明，无论肾结石的大小和位置如何，坐在过山车后排的肾结石排出率为63.89%。

Front-seat rides resulted in a far more modest passage rate of 16.67%.

坐在过山车前排的排出率仅为16.67%。

In what magical kingdom, you may well ask, does someone think to conduct such research?

你可能会问，在哪个神奇的王国里，会有人想到要进行这样的研究呢？

Dr. David D. Wartinger, a professor emeritus at Michigan State University's College of Osteopathic Medicine, initiated the study after a series of patients reported something almost too strange to believe: In the wake of riding Big Thunder at Walt Disney World in Orlando, Fla., these patients said their kidney stones passed painlessly from the kidney through the narrow duct of the ureter and into the bladder.

在一连串患者反馈了一些几乎难以置信的怪事后，密歇根州立大学骨科医学院名誉教授大卫·沃丁格博士（Dr. David D. Wartinger）发起了这项研究。这些患者称，在佛罗里达州奥兰多的迪士尼乐园乘坐“巨雷山铁路”过山车后，他们的肾结石无痛地从肾脏通过输尿管狭窄的管道进入了膀胱。

In one case, a patient told Wartinger that he passed one kidney stone after each of three consecutive rides on the roller coaster.

其中一个病例，患者告诉沃丁格，他连续坐了三次过山车，每次都排出一颗肾结石。

Using a 3-D printed model of that patient's kidney, Wartinger and his colleagues implanted three kidney stones of various sizes into the upper, middle or lower passageways of the clear silicone model. Two of those mineral clusters, which can form as the kidney filters waste from the bloodstream, were small-to-moderate size — 4.5 millmeters and 13.5 mm. But a third measured 64.6 mm, a size that would rarely pass without treatment — the administration of ultrasound shock waves, called lithotripsy, designed to break up the deposit and allow it to pass.

沃丁格和他的同事3D打印了该患者的肾脏模型，并将三个不同大小的肾结石植入透明硅胶模型的上、中、下部位。其中两种肾结石是在肾脏过滤血液中的废物时形成的，大小为4.5毫米和13.5毫米。第三个肾结石大小为64.6毫米，这种大小的肾结石在没有治疗（一般通过超声冲击波治疗，即碎石术，来击碎结石以排出体外）的情况下很少能够排出。

The researchers received permission from Walt Disney World first, then concealed the kidney model in a backpack and rode Big Thunder 20 times, varying their seat position between front and back.

研究人员首先获得了迪斯尼乐园的许可，然后将肾脏模型藏在背包里，乘坐“巨雷山铁路”过山车20次，并在前后排之间变换座位位置。

After analyzing the location of those three kidney stones at the end of each ride, the researchers concluded that “findings support the anecdotal evidence that a ride on a moderate-intensity roller coaster could benefit some patients with small kidney stones,” Wartinger said. When the kidney stone was large, the initial position of the kidney stone affected the likelihood of its passing during the ride. But even those passed two in three times while the silicone model rode the thrill ride.

每次乘坐过山车结束后，研究人员都会分析这三个肾结石的位置，最后得出结论：“研究结果支持这样的传闻，即乘坐中等强度的过山车对一些存在较小肾结石的患者有益，”沃丁格说。当肾结石较大时，肾结石的初始位置会影响其乘坐过山车排出的可能性。但即便如此，利用该硅胶模型进行刺激的过山车实验时，也有三分之二的几率能排出。

“Many people in the United States probably live within a few hours' drive of an amusement park containing a roller coaster with features capable of dislodging calyceal renal calculi,” wrote Wartinger and co-author Dr. Marc A. Mitchell of the Doctor's Clinic in Poulsbo, Wash.

沃丁格和共同作者华盛顿州华盛顿州波尔斯波医生诊所的马克·米切尔博士（Dr. Marc A. Mitchell）写道：“在美国，许多人可能住在距离游乐园几小时车程的地方，而游乐园里的过山车具有能够排出肾盏结石的功能。”

Roller coaster therapy might be a good preventive treatment for people who are high risk of developing obstructive kidney stones, wrote Wartinger and Mitchell. They suggested that patients who have had kidney stones in the past, or women who have had kidney stones and are thinking of becoming pregnant, consider a thrill ride or two in a bid to clear tiny stones before the deposits grow larger. Kidney stone sufferers who have had their deposits broken up by lithotripsy might also consider a roller-coaster ride to finish the job, they said.

沃丁格和米切尔写道，过山车疗法可能是患梗阻性肾结石高风险人群的一种很好的预防性治疗方法。他们建议，过去曾患肾结石的患者，或曾患肾结石并计划生育的女性，可以考虑乘坐一两次过山车，以便在结石增大之前清除微小结石。他们表示，已通过碎石术清除结石的患者也可以考虑乘坐过山车。

20240531特朗普成美国史上首位被判有罪前总统

The former president's sentencing is scheduled for July. Here's the latest.

From: The New York Times

Donald J. Trump was convicted on Thursday of falsifying records to cover up a sex scandal that threatened to derail his 2016 presidential campaign, capping an extraordinary trial that tested the resilience of the American justice system and will reverberate into November's election.

周四，特朗普因伪造记录掩盖性丑闻被判有罪，该丑闻对他2016年的总统竞选构成了威胁。判决为这场审判画上了句点，而这场非同寻常的审判考验了美国司法系统的韧性，并将对11月的选举产生深远影响。

Mr. Trump was convicted on all 34 counts of falsifying business records by a jury of 12 New Yorkers, who deliberated over two days to reach a decision in a case rife with descriptions of secret deals, tabloid scandal and an Oval Office pact with echoes of Watergate. The former president sat largely expressionless, a glum look on his face, after the jury issued its verdict.

经过两天的审议，由12名纽约市民组成的陪审团判定特朗普34项伪造商业记录的罪名全部成立，该案充斥着秘密交易、小报丑闻和与水门事件相似的椭圆形办公室协议。陪审团宣布裁决后，这位前总统坐在那里，面无表情，脸色阴沉。

His sentencing was scheduled for July 11.

对他的宣判定于7月11日进行。

The jury found that Mr. Trump had faked records to conceal the purpose of money given to his onetime fixer, Michael D. Cohen. The false records disguised the payments as ordinary legal expenses when in truth, Mr. Trump was reimbursing Mr. Cohen for a $130,000 hush-money deal the fixer struck with the porn star Stormy Daniels to silence her account of a sexual liaison with Mr. Trump.

陪审团发现，为了隐瞒给予他曾经的调解人迈克尔·科恩的资金用途，特朗普伪造了记录。相关虚假记录将这些付款伪装成普通的法律费用，而事实上，特朗普是在给科恩报销13万美元的“封口费”，该资金用于科恩与色情明星斯托米·丹尼尔斯达成的一项协议，目的在于让她不再声张与特朗普发生性关系的说法。

The felony conviction calls for a sentence of up to four years behind bars, but Mr. Trump may never see the inside of a prison cell. He could receive probation when he is sentenced, and he is certain to appeal the verdict — meaning it may be years before the case is resolved. Still, the jury's decision is an indelible moment in America's history, concluding the only one of four criminal cases against Mr. Trump that was likely to go to trial before Election Day.

这项重罪判决的刑期是最高四年监禁，但特朗普可能永远不会进监狱。他被判刑后可能会获得缓刑，而且他肯定会对判决提出上诉——这意味着案件可能需要数年才能解决。尽管如此，陪审团的裁决是美国历史上一个不可磨灭的时刻，在四起针对特朗普的刑事案件中，该案是唯一一起可能在选举日前开庭审理的案件，此次裁决结束了本案。

• Trump can still be president: Nothing in the Constitution prevents a felon from running for president, or serving in the White House. Mr. Trump — who has long claimed the case against him is politically motivated — is expected to try to leverage the verdict to his advantage on the campaign trail, painting himself as the victim of a Democratic cabal.

• 特朗普仍然可以担任总统：宪法中没有任何内容阻止重罪犯竞选总统或在白宫任职。特朗普一直声称针对他的案件是出于政治动机，预计他在竞选活动中会让这一判决成为对自己有利的因素，将自己描绘成民主党阴谋的受害者。

• Trump's reaction: Mr. Trump showed little emotion as the verdict was read, then shook his son Eric's hand after being dismissed from the courtroom. Outside, he appeared somber as he repeated a litany of complaints about the case, including that the judge in the case, Juan M. Merchan, was biased against him. “The real verdict is going to be Nov. 5, by the people,” he told reporters, without responding to a shouted question about why Americans should vote for a felon.

• 特朗普的反应：特朗普在宣读判决时没有表现出任何情绪，然后在离开法庭时与儿子埃里克握手。在法庭外，他面色阴郁，重复了一连串关于此案的抱怨，包括此案的法官胡安·默坎对他有偏见。“真正的判决将在11月5日由人民做出”，他对记者说道。但对于记者大声提出的为什么美国人应该投票给重罪犯的问题，他没有作答。

• Biden's reaction: President Biden's campaign urged supporters not to sit idle, saying on social media that the only way to keep Mr. Trump out of the White House is at the ballot box.

• 拜登的反应：拜登总统的竞选团队敦促支持者不要袖手旁观，并在社交媒体上表示，将特朗普赶出白宫的唯一办法就是投票。

• A proud prosecutor: The Manhattan district attorney, Alvin L. Bragg, thanked the jury for convicting Mr. Trump, who he said had falsified business records to “conceal a scheme to corrupt the 2016 election.” He added, “There are many voices out there but the only voice that matters is the voice of the jury, and the jury has spoken.”

• 一位自豪的检察官：曼哈顿地区检察官阿尔文·布拉格感谢陪审团判定特朗普有罪，他说后者伪造商业记录，“掩盖了一个破坏2016年大选的阴谋”。他还说：“外面有很多声音，但唯一重要的声音是陪审团的声音，陪审团已经发声了。”

• Dueling views of the case: A prosecutor from the Manhattan district attorney's office said in closing arguments that Mr. Trump had tried to “hoodwink the American voter” with a conspiracy to influence the 2016 election. “All roads lead to the man who benefited the most: Donald Trump,” the prosecutor, Joshua Steinglass, told the jury.

• 对案件的不同看法：曼哈顿地区检察官办公室的一名检察官在结案陈词中说，特朗普试图“蒙蔽美国选民”，阴谋影响2016年大选。“所有的道路都通向最大的受益者：唐纳德·特朗普，”约书亚·斯坦格拉斯检察官对陪审团说。

20240601真的是“三岁看小、七岁看老”吗？

Clues to your personality appeared before you could talk

From: BBC, 10 September 2016

Your personality has been sculpted by many hands. Your genes, your friends, the schools you attended, plus many other factors, will all have played a part in making you the person you are today. But when exactly did your own distinct character first begin to take shape? If you're a shy person now, for instance, does that mean you were a shy child?

人的个性是多方面因素塑造而成的：基因、朋友、学校以及其他因素。是它们让你变成了今天的你。那么一个人的个性究竟是从什么时候开始定型的呢？比如，如果你现在是一个害羞的人，那这是否意味着你小时候就很害羞？

In all likelihood, yes. In fact, research suggests there are significant links between our behavioural tendencies when we're just a few months old and our later personality. That isn't to say that our personality was set in stone that early, but that the roots of who we are can be traced all the way back to our earliest days.

差不多是这样。事实上，有研究表明人在几个月大时的行为特征与长大后的个性之间存在重要的联系。但这并不是说我们的个性早就已经不可动摇，只是说我们可以追根溯源到幼年时期。

Psychologists who study babies usually refer to “temperament” rather than personality and one of the first ever investigations in this area was called the New York Longitudinal Study, launched in the 1950s, for which the wife and husband team of Stella Chess and Alexander Thomas began observing 133 children from their birth up to age 30, as well as interviewing their parents. Based on their findings, these researchers proposed that there are nine different facets of infant temperament, including activity level, mood and distractibility. They also noted that scores on different facets tended to cluster and, in a sign of a less politically correct age, they described three categories: “easy children”, “difficult children” and “slow to warm up” children.

研究婴儿的心理学家通常所用的术语是“气质”（temperament）而非“个性” （personality）。在这一领域的最早的一项调查是在20世纪50年代开始的纽约纵向研究（New York Longitudinal Study）。亚历山大·托马斯（Alexander Thomas）和斯特拉·切斯（Stella Chess）夫妇观察了133名儿童从出生到30岁之间的生活，同时还和他们的父母进行访谈。基于这些观察和研究，他们提出婴儿气质的九种不同维度，包括活跃水平、心情和关注力。他们还认为不同维度的分数有趋同倾向。他们以政治不太正确的方式把儿童分为三类：“简单的儿童”、“麻烦的儿童”和“慢热型”儿童。

Do these childhood categories presage later personality types? The New York study found some evidence that children categorised as easy or difficult at age three also tended to be categorised the same way in early adulthood, but the research didn't examine links between child temperament and adult personality, as such.

这样的儿童分类是否预示着他们未来的人格类型？纽约的研究发现证据表明在三岁时被归为简单或麻烦的儿童在青年时期仍然表现出相同的个性，但是他们并未研究儿童气质与成人个性之间的联系。

In fact, for a long time psychologists studying infant temperament and those studying adult personality didn't have a great deal to do with each other. Increasingly over the last decade or so, however, that has begun to change and although infant temperament doesn't completely forecast later personality, the two are certainly connected.

事实上，在很长时间里，研究婴儿气质的心理学家与研究成人个性的心理学家之间是不打交道的。不过，在过去十年左右，情况开始发生变化。尽管婴儿气质并不完全能预测人长大后的个性，但是两者之间一定存在关联。

Note that the scoring systems for infant temperament have changed over time. Today the original nine aspects of temperament are distilled into just three broad dimensions (unfortunately psychology labs often vary in the precise terms they use): “Effortful control” which describes things like the infant's self-control and ability to focus (resisting, for example, the lure of a tempting toy); “negative affectivity, which as it sounds, refers to levels of negative emotion like fear and frustration; and “extraversion” or “surgency”, which is to do with activity levels, excitement and being sociable.

还要注意，婴儿气质的打分系统随着时间的推移也发生了变化。如今，原来的九个维度被化归为三个大维度（不幸的是，心理学实验室常常使用不同的术语来描述这几个维度）：“努力控制”是指儿童的自控力和关注力（比如，抵抗玩具的诱惑）；“负面情绪”正如其字面意义，是指恐惧、挫败等负面情绪；而“外向”或“精力充沛”与活跃度、兴奋和社交能力有关。

Consider a Russian study published online this year in Personality and Individual Differences that involved 45 parents rating their infants' temperament on these dimensions when they were just a few months old (seven months, on average) and then rating their children's personalities again an average of eight years later, based on the main traits of adult personality such as extraversion and neuroticism.

今年，有一个来自俄罗斯的关于个性和个体差异的研究在网上发表。该研究让45个家长评价他们平均七个月大的孩子的气质，并在八年后再次评价孩子的个性。评价标准是成人个性的主要特点，比如外向和神经质。

Comparing the measures at the two time points revealed a number of consistencies, such as that infants who scored higher on the extraversion/surgency domain (they did things like smiled more) tended to score lower, at age eight, on the adult personality trait of Neuroticism (that is, they were more emotionally stable); and those infants who scored higher on this study's equivalent of effortful control went on to score higher on aspects of the adult trait of conscientiousness when they were children. If your baby seems to have a decent attention span – good news, this probably means they'll keep their room tidy when they're older.

比较两个时间点的评价揭示出一些规律，比如在外向方面得分较高的孩子（笑的更多）在八岁时的神经质评价中得分较低（这意味着他们的情绪比较稳定）；而在努力控制方面得分较高的孩子在后来的自律性评价中得分较高。如果婴儿的注意力时间很长——那么就是好消息了，这很可能意味着他们在长大后会保持房间整洁。

Not everything matched up in this study – for example, smiley, more outgoing babies didn't score higher on extraversion as children – which is a reminder that our infant temperaments are not always destiny. But the results do add to what the researchers described as the “growing consensus that temperamental characteristics that appear in the first years of life form a basis for later personality.”

这个研究中，不是一切都可以互相匹配——比如爱笑的、外向的婴儿在长大一些后，并没有在外向评价中得到高分——这提醒我们婴儿的气质并不是由命运决定。但是研究者的结论是“越来越多的研究达成一项共识，即一个人早年显现出的气质会构成他长大后个性的基础。”

Amazingly, some links may even stretch across four decades. In another study, published in 2007, researchers in the Czech Republic took measures of infancy temperament a little later, between the ages of 12 and 30 months, and found an association, albeit very specific, with personality traits in the same individuals when they were tested again 40 years later.

惊人的是，一些联系甚至可以跨越四十年之久。2007年的一个研究中，来自捷克的研究者把评价婴儿气质的时间点推后，孩子的年纪从30个月到12岁不等。40年后再次测试时，他们发现个性的关联度非常高。

The two traits in question were toddler disinhibition (similar to the more widely used extraversion/surgency rating) and adult extraversion. That is, the more active and assertive the participants had been as toddlers, the more likely they were to score highly on extraversion as adults, and on self-efficacy (our belief in our own abilities).

研究关注的两个特征是婴儿的脱抑制（disinhibition，类似于使用更为广泛的外向/精力充沛评分）和成人的外向人格。也就是说，婴儿期越是活跃和坚定的人，长大后在外向性和自我效能（相信自己的能力）方面得高分的可能性更大。

It's worth remembering when reading about these findings that our personalities, although they show consistency through life, are also constantly evolving and it would be impossible to pinpoint any one moment when a person's personality in their youth had taken on its adult form (apart from anything, this would depend on which version of their maturing adult personality you had in mind). However, as an infant grows into a small child, their personality is gradually crystallising. Wait until a child is aged three, for example, and now their behaviour will even more strongly foretell the adult personality.

当我们在阅读这些关于个性的研究时，值得记住的是尽管个性在人的一生中表现出一贯性，然而它始终处于变化中，不可能在年轻时期的某个时刻确定一个人的个性在他长大后会成为某种个性（而且这还要取决于你所使用的是哪一套成人个性）。不过，婴儿长大的过程中，其个性也会逐渐定型。比如当孩子满三岁时，他们的行为会更加强烈的预示他们成年后的性格。

Take the findings from a paper published in 2003, in which researchers at the Institute of Psychiatry in London compared the behavioural scores of over a thousand three-year-olds taken in 1975-1976 (based on which they classified the children as either “well-adjusted”, “under-controlled”, “confident”, “inhibited” or “reserved”) with the same individuals' personality scores recorded when they were 26. This time many striking consistencies emerged through the nearly three-decade period of study – to take just one example, the “confident” children became the most extraverted adults, and the inhibited children became the least extraverted.

以伦敦心理咨询研究所的研究者2003年发表的一篇论文为例。他们在1975到1976年对超过一千名三岁儿童进行行为评分（分类标准为“适应力强”、“接受控制”、“自信”、“拘谨”、“谨慎”），然后在他们26岁时再进行评分并进行比较。这个跨度近30年的研究得到了惊人的一致结果。比如“自信的”儿童在长大后变得外向，而“压抑”的儿童变得非常内向。

Anyone who has young children of their own, or spends time with them, knows that it's tempting to look for signs of emerging personality traits in a baby's giggle or frown. The latest psychology research suggests such speculation might not be entirely in vain.

任何生育小孩或与小孩共度时光的人都知道人会忍不住在婴儿的一笑一颦中寻找他正在出现的个性的迹象。最新的心理学研究表明，这种猜度的行为可能并不完全是徒劳。

But there's also a serious side to this field. Increasingly, researchers are realising that the roots of adult psychological problems may lie in behavioural tendencies that first appear in early childhood. By learning to recognise these signs, it might be possible to intervene carefully at an early age and to help steer children on the path to a healthier future.

但是这个领域也有严肃的另一面。越来越多的研究者意识到成年人的心理问题可能植根于幼年时的行为倾向。找出这些标志就有可能在幼年期小心干预，引导孩子获得更为健康的未来。

20240602Prada官宣贾玲成为品牌代言人

EXCLUSIVE: Prada Names China's Hottest Comedian-turned-director Jia Ling Brand Ambassador

From: WWD

Prada has named Chinese director, actress, and comedian Jia Ling its latest brand ambassador.

Prada（普拉达）宣布，中国导演、演员兼喜剧演员贾玲成为其最新品牌代言人。

In a campaign lensed by Shanghai-based female photographer Wang Ziqian, Jia is dressed in a Prada trenchcoat and carrying the new Prada Galleria in Soft Grain.

在由上海女摄影师王子千拍摄的广告片中，贾玲身穿Prada风衣，手提新款Prada Galleria粒面手袋。

The editorial was accompanied by a short interview with Jia, in which she discussed her creative drive and how fashion plays a part in her creative output.

这组广告还附有对贾玲的简短采访，贾玲在采访中谈到了她的创作动力以及时尚对她创作的影响。

“Jia Ling's vigorous artistic expression shares the freshness and timelessness,” Prada said in a statement. “Prada looks forward to witnessing Jia Ling's future creations, bringing new perspectives to Chinese cinematic narratives.”

Prada在一份声明中说：“贾玲充满活力的艺术表达具有新鲜感和永恒性。Prada期待见证贾玲未来的创作，为中国电影叙事带来新的视角。”

Jia, whose career began as a Chinese comedian, became a breakout star with her live performances during the annual CCTV Spring Festival Gala.

贾玲最初以喜剧演员身份出道，并在央视春晚的表演中一炮而红。

Jia made her directorial and performance debut in 2021 with “Hi, Mom,” a moving tribute to her mom.

2021年，贾玲首次执导并主演了电影《你好，李焕英》，这是一部感人至深致敬母亲的作品。

With 5.4 billion renminbi, or $745.7 million, in box office sales, the blockbuster film made Jia the highest-grossing Chinese female director in Chinese movie history, a record she held for two years until Greta Gerwig‘s “Barbie” made its Chinese cinema debut.

这部电影的票房收入达到54亿元人民币（约7.457亿美元），使贾玲成为中国电影史上票房最高的女导演，这一纪录保持了两年，直到格蕾塔·葛韦格（Greta Gerwig）的《芭比》在中国上映。

In February 2024, Jia topped the box office charts again with “YOLO,” which she directed and starred in. The film, a Chinese adaptation of the Japanese movie “100 Yen Love,” made Jia into a household name, both for its uplifting plot and her dramatic transformation in the film after losing more than 100 pounds.

2024年2月，贾玲凭借自导自演的电影《热辣滚烫》（YOLO）再次登顶票房榜。这部改编自日本电影《百元之恋》（100 Yen Love）的影片，不仅以其励志的剧情，还因贾玲在片中减肥超过100磅的巨大转变，使她成为家喻户晓的名字。

The film garnered 3.2 billion renminbi, or $441.9 million, in box office sales.

这部电影获得了32亿人民币（约4.419亿美元）的票房收入。

“Free from conventional labels, she defies categorization and remains focused on creation,” Prada said. “Her work contemplates the intricacies of society and life.”

Prada表示：“贾玲不受传统标签束缚，专注于创作，探讨社会和生活的复杂性。”

Prada also said the choice of Jia further reinforces the brand's close ties with the film industry, and to promote the development of art and culture.

Prada还表示，选择贾玲进一步加强了该品牌与电影业的紧密联系，并推动了艺术和文化的发展。

In China, the brand has previously worked with Chinese auteur Jia Zhangke on a Prada Rongzhai project titled “Mian.” The brand also dressed a key character in Wang Kar Wai's hit TV series “Blossoms Shanghai”.

在中国，Prada曾与中国著名导演贾樟柯合作Prada荣宅项目《面》，该品牌还为王家卫的热门电视剧《繁花》中的关键角色提供服装。

Jia joins actor Li Xian, singer Tan Jianci, table tennis player Ma Long, and basketball player Yang Shuyu as face of the brand in China.

贾玲加入了演员李现、歌手檀健次、乒乓球运动员马龙和篮球运动员杨舒予的行列，成为Prada在中国的形象代言人。

2024060393岁默多克第5次结婚

Rupert Murdoch Marries for the Fifth Time

From: The New York Times

Rupert Murdoch, who retired from the boards of Fox and News Corporation last year, walked down an outdoor aisle under blue skies to exchange vows on Saturday with Elena Zhukova, his fifth bride, at Moraga, his Tuscan-style vineyard estate in the hills of the Bel Air neighborhood of Los Angeles.

鲁伯特·默多克（Rupert Murdoch）去年从福克斯公司（Fox）和新闻集团（News Corporation）董事会退休。周六，晴空万里，他在洛杉矶贝莱尔（Bel Air）街区山丘上的托斯卡纳风格葡萄园庄园莫拉加（Moraga），与第五任妻子埃琳娜·朱科娃（Elena Zhukova）举行了婚礼。

Ms. Zhukova, 67, carried a bouquet of white flowers and wore an ankle-length, off-the-shoulder white dress with a square neckline, reportedly designed by the London-based designer Emilia Wickstead; Mr. Murdoch, 93, wore a dark suit with sneakers. Notable guests caught by paparazzi on the way into the ceremony included Robert K. Kraft, the owner of the New England Patriots, and Robert Thomson, the chief executive of News Corp.

67岁的朱科娃手捧一束白色花束，身着长及脚踝、露肩、方形领口的白色礼服，据说是由伦敦设计师艾米莉亚·维克斯特德（Emilia Wickstead）所设计；93岁的默多克身着深色西装，脚穿运动鞋。狗仔队在入场时拍到的嘉宾包括新英格兰爱国者队（New England Patriots）老板罗伯特·卡夫（Robert K. Kraft）和新闻集团首席执行官罗伯特·汤姆森（Robert Thomson）。

The couple met through Mr. Murdoch's third wife, Wendi Deng, according to The Daily Mail, which first reported their relationship last summer. Ms. Zhukova is a retired molecular biologist who immigrated to the United States from Moscow in 1991, just months before the Soviet Union collapsed. She was previously married to Alexander Zhukov, the billionaire energy investor.

据《每日邮报》（The Daily Mail）报道，两人是通过默多克的第三任妻子邓文迪（Wendi Deng）相识的，该报去年夏天首次报道了他们的恋情。朱科娃是一位退休的分子生物学家，1991年从莫斯科移民到美国，正值苏联解体前夕。她之前嫁给了亿万富翁、能源投资者亚历山大·朱科夫（Alexander Zhukov）。

There have been few public details about the couple's courtship, with representatives for Mr. Murdoch staying mum, but The Daily Mail reported that shortly after meeting, Mr. Murdoch and Ms. Zhukova spent weeks vacationing together in the Mediterranean aboard the Christina O, a yacht that once belonged to Aristotle Onassis. Their engagement was announced in March.

关于两人的恋情细节鲜有披露，默多克的发言人保持沉默，但据《每日邮报》报道，默多克和朱可娃在相识后不久，就一起乘坐“克里斯蒂娜O”号游艇在地中海度假了数周，这艘游艇曾属于亚里士多德·奥纳西斯（Aristotle Onassis）。他们于今年3月宣布订婚。

Mr. Murdoch's fifth marriage comes after a called-off engagement to Ann Lesley Smith, who is a retired dental hygienist and a conservative radio host. Last spring, he proposed to Ms. Smith but broke off the engagement after less than a month.

默多克的第五次婚姻是在与安·莱斯利·史密斯（Ann Lesley Smith）解除婚约之后缔结的。去年春天，他向史密斯求婚，但不到一个月就解除了婚约。史密斯是一名退休的牙科保健师和保守派电台主持人。

Ms. Zhukova's marital history is less well documented. She met her first husband, Mr. Zhukov, now a British citizen, when both were students in the Soviet Union. Their marriage, during which they had a daughter, the entrepreneur and socialite Dasha Zhukova, lasted three years, according to The New Yorker.

朱科娃的婚姻史则鲜有报道。她与第一任丈夫（现为英国公民）是在苏联留学时相识的。据《纽约客》（The New Yorker）报道，他们的婚姻持续了三年，育有一女，是企业家、社会名流达莎·茹科娃（Dasha Zhukova）。

A first walk down the aisle for Mr. Murdoch came in 1956, when he married Patricia Booker, a former flight attendant and model. They had a daughter, Prudence, before divorcing in 1967.

默多克第一次步入婚姻殿堂是在1956年，当时他与帕特里夏·布克（Patricia Booker）结婚。布克曾是一名空姐和模特。两人育有一女，名叫普鲁登斯（Prudence），两人于1967年离婚。

That same year, he married his second wife, Anna Maria Torv, then a journalist at one of his Australian newspapers. That union lasted 32 years, and they had three children: Elisabeth, Lachlan and James. All have worked for their father's global empire; last year, Lachlan Murdoch was named Mr. Murdoch's sole successor, becoming responsible for steering the media company his father started building from a small local newspaper in his native Australia 70 years ago. Mr. Murdoch maintains an emeritus role.

同年，他与第二任妻子安娜·玛丽亚·托尔夫（Anna Maria Torv）结婚，当时托尔夫是他旗下一家澳大利亚报社的记者。这段婚姻持续了32年，他们有三个孩子：伊丽莎白（Elisabeth）、拉克兰（Lachlan）和詹姆斯（James）。他们都曾在父亲的全球媒体帝国工作过。去年，拉克兰·默多克被任命为默多克的唯一继承人，负责管理他父亲70年前在家乡澳大利亚从当地小报社起家的媒体公司。默多克仍保留名誉职位。

In 1999, when Mr. Murdoch and Ms. Torv divorced, he and his third wife, Ms. Deng, a television executive born in China, married. They had two daughters, Grace and Chloe, and divorced in 2013. He met Jerry Hall, who is a model, actress and one of Mick Jagger's former wives, the same year. They married in 2016 and had no children together before divorcing in 2022.

1999年，默多克与托尔夫离婚后，与第三任妻子邓文迪结婚。邓文迪是一名出生于中国的电视业高管，他们有两个女儿，格蕾丝（Grace）和克洛伊（Chloe），两人于2013年离婚。同年，他遇到模特、演员兼米克·贾格尔（Mick Jagger）的前妻杰里·霍尔（Jerry Hall），他们在2016年结婚，并于2022年离婚，没有子女。

Mr. Murdoch and his family have a net worth of nearly $20 billion, according to Forbes. His publicly traded company, News Corp, owns a portfolio of news outlets, including The Wall Street Journal, Fox News and Sky News Australia, and the book publisher HarperCollins. According to The Cut, Ms. Deng and Ms. Hall both signed prenuptial agreements before marrying Mr. Murdoch.

据《福布斯》报道，默多克及其家族拥有近200亿美元的净资产。他的上市公司新闻集团旗下拥有《华尔街日报》（The Wall Street Journal）、福克斯新闻（Fox News）和澳大利亚天空新闻（Sky News Australia）在内的一系列新闻媒体，以及图书出版商哈珀柯林斯（HarperCollins）。据The Cut报道，邓文迪和霍尔在嫁给默多克之前都签署了婚前协议。

20240604我看“中”！

China's Chang'e 6 Probe Lands on Far Side of the Moon

From: Space.com

China has landed on the moon's mysterious far side — again.

中国探测器再次在神秘的月球背面着陆。

The robotic Chang'e 6 mission touched down inside Apollo Crater, within the giant South Pole-Aitken basin, at 6:23 a.m. Beijing Time on Sunday (June 2) , according to Chinese space officials. The probe "successfully landed in the pre-selected area," China's space agency said.

据中国航天官方称，嫦娥六号探测器于北京时间周日（6月2日）上午6:23在巨大的南极-艾特肯盆地内的阿波罗环形山着陆。中国国家航天局表示，探测器“成功着陆在预选着陆区”。

The China National Space Administration (CNSA) now has two far-side landings under its belt — this one and Chang'e 4, which dropped a lander-rover combo onto the gray dirt in January 2019. No other country has done it once.

中国国家航天局（CNSA）目前已经完成了两次月球背面着陆——上一次是嫦娥四号，2019年1月着陆器和巡视器组合体着陆在灰色的月球土壤上。其他国家尚未在月球背面着陆过。

And Chang'e 6 will make further history for China, if all goes according to plan: The mission aims to scoop up samples and send them back to Earth, giving researchers their first-ever up-close looks at material from this part of the moon.

如果一切顺利，嫦娥六号将为中国再创历史：此次任务旨在采集月球背面样本并将其送回地球，为研究人员提供首次近距离研究这些样本的机会。

"The Chang'e-6 mission is the first human sampling and return mission from the far side of the moon," CNSA officials said in a statement. (To be clear: Chang'e 6 is a robotic, not crewed, mission.) "It involves many engineering innovations, high risks and great difficulty."

中国国家航天局在官方声明中表示：“嫦娥六号任务实施人类首次月背采样返回，工程创新多，风险高，难度大。”（需明确：嫦娥六号是非载人任务。）

Chang'e 6 launched on May 3 with a bold and unprecedented task: haul home samples from the moon's far side, which always faces away from us. (The moon is tidally locked to Earth, completing one rotation on its axis in roughly the same amount of time it takes to orbit our planet. So observers here on Earth always see the same side of our natural satellite.)

嫦娥六号于5月3日发射升空，肩负着一项前所未有的任务：从始终背向地球的月球背面采集样本并带回地球。（月球与地球是潮汐锁定的，月球绕其轴心旋转一圈的时间与地球绕其轴心旋转一圈的时间大致相同。因此我们在地球上只能看到月球的同一面）。

Chang'e 6 arrived in lunar orbit about four days after liftoff. It spent the next few weeks scrutinizing its planned landing site and gearing up for today's big event, which went according to plan: Chang'e 6's lander came down softly in Apollo Crater, leaving the mission's orbiter, with its attached Earth-reentry module, circling the moon.

嫦娥六号在发射四天后进入月球轨道。在接下来的几周里，它仔细分析计划中的着陆点，并为今天的重大事件做准备：嫦娥六号着陆器平稳地降落在阿波罗环形山上，只留下带着地球返回器的轨道器在轨道上绕月飞行。

The lander will spend the next few days studying its surroundings and collecting about 4.4 pounds (2 kilograms) of lunar dirt and rock. Some of these samples will be scooped from the surface and some will be dug from up to 6.5 feet (2 meters) underground, using Chang'e 6's onboard drill.

着陆器将在接下来的几天里研究周围环境，并收集约4.4磅（2公斤）的月球土壤和岩石。其中一些样本将从月球表面采集，另一些样本将使用嫦娥六号的钻头从地下6.5英尺（2米）处挖掘。

This material will then be launched into lunar orbit by a rocket that rode down with the lander. The sample container will rendezvous with the Chang'e 6 orbiter, then make the long trek back to Earth, eventually touching down here under parachutes on June 25.

然后，这些样本将由与着陆器一起降落的火箭送入月球轨道并与嫦娥六号轨道器会合，然后踏上返回地球的旅程，最终于6月25日利用降落伞着陆地球。

Chang'e 6 is also carrying a tiny moon rover and has a variety of scientific experiments onboard the lander.

嫦娥六号还携带了一辆小型月球车，着陆器上还有各种科学实验。

Scientists will study the returned material in detail, seeking insights about the moon's history and evolution and clues about why the lunar far side is so different than the near. The dark volcanic seas known as maria are common on the near side, for example, but are rare on the far side, for reasons that remain mysterious.

科学家将详细研究这些样本，寻找月球历史和演化的线索，并解释为什么月球背面与正面如此不同。例如，月球正面常见的阴暗月海在背面却很少见，原因至今仍是个谜。

Researchers will doubtless compare the Chang'e 6 material to the samples collected on the moon's near side by Chang'e 5, which came down to Earth in December 2020. (Chang'e 5 and Chang'e 6 are sister missions, with virtually identical architectures.)

毫无疑问，研究人员将把嫦娥六号的样本与2020年12月返回地球的嫦娥五号在月球正面采集的样本进行比较。（嫦娥五号和嫦娥六号是姊妹任务，结构几乎完全相同）。

20240605外媒报道杭州漫展cos科比坠机事件

Kobe Bryant's fatal helicopter crash is MOCKED in shocking comic convention reenactment in China

From: Daily Mail

A man attending a comic convention in China arrived in a Kobe Bryant mask and a helicopter costume in a crude reference to the 2020 crash that claimed the lives of the Lakers legend, his daughter Gianna, and seven others.

一名参加中国漫展的男子戴着科比·布莱恩特（Kobe Bryant）的面具，穿着直升机造型的服装，用这种低俗的方式模仿2020年那场导致湖人传奇球星科比、他的女儿吉安娜（Gianna）及其他七人遇难的坠机事故。

The spectacle took place at a convention in the bustling Hangzhou, where the unidentified attendee re-enacted the fatal crash while wearing a helicopter costume made of plastic bottles and cardboard. The performer wore a Bryant mask and replica jersey to drive home the bit.

这一幕发生在熙熙攘攘的杭州漫展上，这位身份不明的扮演者身着用塑料瓶和硬纸板制成的直升机造型服装，重现了那场致命的空难。扮演者戴着科比的面具，穿着仿制的球衣，让人印象深刻。

Video of the display has since gone viral, prompting outrage from around the basketball-loving world.

模仿视频在网上疯传，引发了篮球爱好者的不满。

'Hope this guy who cosplayed as Kobe in a Helicopter crash gets hit by a Helicopter,' one angry fan wrote on X.

一位愤怒的粉丝在X上写道：“希望这个模仿科比坠机的人被直升机撞死。”

'I'm unsure why anyone would wear a 'Kobe Bryant helicopter crash costume' but here we are,' added another.

另一位网友补充道：“我不知道为什么会有人穿‘科比·布莱恩特直升机坠机服装’，但事实就是有人这么干了。”

Victims of the 2020 crash in Calabasas, California included John Altobelli, his wife Keri, and his daughter Alyssa; Sarah Chester and her daughter Payton; as well as basketball coach Christina Mauser and the pilot, Ara Zobayan.

2020年加州卡拉巴萨斯坠机事故的遇难者包括约翰·阿尔托贝利（John Altobelli）、他的妻子凯丽（Keri）和女儿阿丽莎（Alyssa）；莎拉·切斯特（Sarah Chester）和女儿佩顿（Payton）；以及篮球教练克里斯蒂娜·毛瑟（Christina Mauser）和飞行员阿拉·佐巴扬（Ara Zobayan）。

The shocking display in Hangzhou is made all the more surprising given the reverence Chinese basketball fans hold for Bryant.

考虑到中国篮球迷对科比的崇敬之情，发生在杭州这令人震惊的一幕就更加令人意外了。

In fact, Bryant memorials sprang up across China in the days after his passing, including a massive statue in the city of Guangzhou.

事实上，在科比去世后，中国各地涌现了许多纪念他的活动和设施，包括在广州市的一座大型雕像。

'Your fearlessly striving spirit, whether in basketball or in life, is worthy of remembrance,' read a translated post from the People's Daily.

《人民日报》的一篇文章中写道：“不惧风雨的奋斗精神，不论是篮球还是生活，都值得铭记。”

In 2013, Bryant's physical therapist Judy Seto told Bleacher Report about her client's immense popularity in China.

2013年，布莱恩特的理疗师朱迪·塞托（Judy Seto）告诉体育媒体《Bleacher Report》，她的客户在中国非常受欢迎。

'It's like nothing I've ever seen,' she said.

她说：“这是我从未见过的景象。”

In one instance, Seto described seeing 15,000 fans waiting to see Bryant at a venue at 9am – seven hours before he was scheduled to arrive.

她举了一个例子说，早上9点，她就看到15000名球迷在等待科比的出现，而科比预计于七小时后才到达。

'People are chasing the van…and then people start kissing the windows,' Seto said. 'Sometimes it's scary, especially because when I go, there's a reason I'm there: For this last go-around (in August) with the Achilles tendon repair, I had to make sure there were no times when he was in a spot where it's not safe.'

“人们追着车跑......然后凑到车窗上，”塞托说。“有时很可怕，特别是因为当我去的时候都是有原因的：上次（8月份）跟腱修复手术时，我必须确保他始终处于安全的位置。”

20240606高考是你多少年前的回忆杀？

Gaokao No Predictor of Success?

From: The Wall Street Journal, June 30, 2010

Chinese media and websites are teeming this week with discussion of a purported study showing that the top scorers on the gaokao over the last 30 years have ended up being disappointments. According to the English-language China Daily newspaper, the study of 1,000 top scorers on the gaokao from 1977 to 2008 did not find a single student who went on to outstanding success in any field.

本周，一份网传调查结果在中国媒体和网站上引发热议。该调查结果显示，过去30年里的高考状元最后的成就都令人失望。据英文版《中国日报》（China Daily）报道，该调查考察了从1977年到2008年的1,000名高考状元，结果发现没有学生在某一领域取得杰出成就。

Word of the supposed study has spread like kudzu, but its provenance is unclear. Some have cited the Chinese military newspaper, the Liberation Daily, which itself cited its own affiliated publication, but that reference couldn't be tracked down. So it's unclear whether this is an actual study, or a rumor.

这份网传调查结果迅速传播开来，但其来源尚不清楚。有人引用了军事报纸《解放日报》的报道，而该报本身也引用了其附属刊物，但这一引用无法查证。因此，这究竟是一项真实调查结果，还是仅仅是谣言，尚不确定。

Regardless, the mere notion that super scorers -- called zhuangyuan -- might not end up super-achievers is a shock in a country where the grueling two-day examination is a rite of passage for every aspiring student. The American SAT and its cousin, the ACT, are a cakewalk by comparison. Children literally spend years studying solely for the gaokao. Without it, a college education in China is out of reach.

无论如何，高考状元最终未能取得杰出成就的说法在中国引起了轰动。为期两天、备受煎熬的高考是每个有志学生的必经之路，相比之下，美国的SAT和ACT考试简直是小菜一碟。孩子们花费数年时间学习，就是为了参加高考。没有高考，接受大学教育就无从谈起。

Those who scored the highest marks in the examination are doing local radio and television interviews and fielding questions from awestruck parents about how to prepare their four-year-olds for exam success.

那些在考试中取得最高分的人正在接受当地媒体的采访，并回答着感到敬佩不已的家长们关于如何为四岁的孩子备考的问题。

Li Taibo, who took first place in all of Beijing for the science portion of the exam, has become an instant sensation. Li was first among over 48,000 test takers, according to an article in the Global Times.

李泰伯获得了北京高考理科状元，一夜成名。据《环球时报》报道，李泰伯在48000多名考生中排名第一。

A larger-than-life picture of Li has been erected in front of his high school to celebrate his accomplishment.

为了表彰他的优异表现，他所在的高中校门口竖起了一幅比真人还大的照片。

As a gaokao champion, Li can expect to undergo careful public scrutiny. His study habits will be analyzed by educational experts and admiring students alike. Even his personal life will serve as a model for others. Zhang Chen, also a top scorer in science, fields questions about his relationship with his parents and how he uses his free time. Parents want to know every detail that might help their children beat the competition.

作为高考状元，李泰伯将会受到公众的密切关注。教育专家和仰慕他的学生都会对他的学习习惯进行分析。甚至他的个人生活也将成为他人的榜样。另一位理科状元张晨也被问及他与父母的关系以及如何利用业余时间。家长们希望了解每一个细节，以帮助他们的孩子在竞争中取胜。

While gaokao fever is as strong as ever this year, criticism is mounting. A recent article in the People's Daily questions the value of worshipping gaokao champions. Such laser-like focus on the winners may even be harmful to the educational system, the article asserts.

尽管今年高考热潮依旧，但批评的声音也越来越多。《人民日报》最近发表的一篇文章质疑崇拜高考状元的价值，认为这种对状元的过度关注可能对教育制度有害。

Educational experts in the West often argue that the rigidity of the test suppresses individual creativity, which is important for success in the real world.

西方教育专家常常认为，考试的僵化压制了个人的创造力，而这种创造力在现实世界中是取得成功的关键。

Nevertheless, the gaokao has its defenders. Wu Meng, writing in the Global Times, opines that the stereotype of the No. 1 student as a narrowminded bookworm who only knows how to take tests is outdated. People can learn a great deal from these excellent students, he says.

然而，高考也有其支持者。吴萌（音译）在《环球时报》上撰文称，将高考状元视为只会应试的狭隘书呆子的刻板印象已经过时了。他说，人们可以从这些优秀学生身上学到很多东西。

Another popular argument for the examination is its fairness. Many Chinese express skepticism at the idea of teacher recommendations and interviews determining college admissions. Wouldn't personal relationships get in the way of meritocracy?

另一个支持高考的常见观点是其公平性。许多中国人对由教师推荐和面试来决定大学录取的想法持怀疑态度。私人关系难道不会妨碍择优录取吗？

Come September, Beijing University will undoubtedly accept a large number of gaokao champions as new students. So far, however, Western colleges have mostly come to a different decision. Li Taibo, the Beijing science top scorer, was surprised to discover that he had been rejected by Harvard, Yale, Stanford and a number of other top American colleges, according to reports.

到了九月份，北京大学无疑会录取许多高考状元新生。然而，到目前为止，西方高校却大多做出了不同的决定。据报道，北京理科状元李泰伯惊讶地发现，他被哈佛、耶鲁、斯坦福等多所美国顶尖大学拒之门外。

Then again, Harvard rejects many applicants with perfect SAT scores as well.

话说回来，哈佛大学也拒绝了许多SAT满分的申请者。

20240607你怎么看朋友圈点赞现象

How Social Media Makes Us Act Like Lab Rats, Pressing Buttons For Rewards

From: IFLScience

It's estimated that around one in four young people have a problematic relationship with their smartphone, chasing “likes” and spending hours hooked to their screens like a moth to a flame. According to a new study, this compulsive effect of social media on humans is extremely similar to a lab rat pushing buttons for food.

据估计，大约四分之一的年轻人对智能手机存在依赖问题，他们渴望获得“点赞”，像飞蛾扑火般长时间盯着屏幕。根据一项新研究，社交媒体对人类的这种强迫性影响与实验鼠按按钮获取食物的行为极为相似。

Scientists at New York University have shown how social media engagement – especially users' efforts to gain likes – is driven by basic reward learning behavior. While the motives behind this behavior in humans can undoubtedly be complex, it essentially follows the same simple pattern of behavior seen in many species when seeking rewards.

纽约大学的科学家们已表明，社交媒体上的互动——尤其是用户为获得“点赞”所做的努力——是由基本奖励学习行为驱动的。虽然人类这种行为背后的动机无疑是复杂的，但它本质上遵循了许多物种在寻求奖励时的简单行为模式。

Perhaps most clearly, it's reminiscent of lab rats placed in a Skinner box: press the correct button to receive a treat, eat, feel good, repeat. The more treats they get, the more they press the buttons.

也许最明显的是，这让人联想到被关在斯金纳箱里的实验鼠：按下正确的按钮就能获得食物奖励，吃了食物后感觉良好，然后重复这个过程。它们获得的奖励越多，按下按钮的次数就越多。

"These results establish that social media engagement follows basic, cross-species principles of reward learning," Professor David Amodio, study author from the New York University and the University of Amsterdam, said in a statement. "These findings may help us understand why social media comes to dominate daily life for many people and provide clues, borrowed from research on reward learning and addiction, to how troubling online engagement may be addressed."

“这些结果表明，社交媒体互动遵循基本的、跨物种的奖励学习原则，”纽约大学和阿姆斯特丹大学的戴维·阿莫迪奥（David Amodio）教授在声明中说。“这些发现可能有助于我们理解为何社交媒体会主导许多人的日常生活，并从奖励学习和成瘾研究中借鉴解决沉迷社交媒体问题的线索。”

The study was recently reported in the journal Nature Communications.

这项研究最近发表在《自然通讯》（Nature Communications）杂志上。

For the study, the researchers started by analyzing over one million posts from over 4,000 people on Instagram and other social media platforms. By looking at the frequency of posts, they found that people entered a rhythm of posting that maximizes how many "likes" they receive on average – i.e. posting more often in response to a high number of likes and less frequently when they receive fewer likes. This, the researchers argue, could be considered a form of reward maximization. This is a phenomenon seen in animals seeking food which explains how behavior is driven and reinforced by rewards.

在这项研究中，研究人员首先分析了Instagram和其他社交媒体平台上4000多人的100多万条帖子。通过观察发布频率，研究人员发现人们会根据点赞数量调整发帖节奏——即在获得大量点赞时更频繁地发布，而在获得较少点赞时则减少发布。研究人员认为，这可以被视为一种奖励最大化的形式。这种现象在动物寻找食物时也能观察到，它解释了行为是如何受到奖励驱动和强化的。

To dig deeper into this question, the team gathered 176 people to take part in an online experiment where they posted memes and received likes on an Instagram-like platform. Once again, they discovered that people posted more the more successful their posts were, another example of basic reward learning behavior similar to that in animals looking for snacks.

为了深入探讨这个问题，研究团队召集了176人参加在线实验，让他们在类似Instagram的平台上发布段子以获得点赞。研究人员再次发现，帖子越受欢迎，人们发布的就越多，这又是一个基本奖励学习行为的例子，类似于动物寻找食物的行为。

The researchers were hesitant to say whether this study affirms the addictive properties of social media, arguing there could be a number of other motivations to post on social media in addition to reward-seeking, such as self-expression to relationship development. Nevertheless, an increasing number of people are engaging in social media and smartphone use that could be described as addictive and problematic.

对于这项研究是否证实了社交媒体的成瘾特性，研究人员持谨慎态度，他们认为，除了寻求奖励之外，人们在社交媒体上发帖还有很多其他动机，比如自我表达、关系发展等。尽管如此，越来越多的人在使用社交媒体和智能手机时可能会上瘾并产生依赖。

Earlier this month, scientists at King's College London released a study that looked at over 1,000 young people in the UK and concluded that nearly 40 percent displayed some degree of smartphone addiction. Paired with this, those with smartphone addiction were more likely to experience poor sleep.

本月早些时候，伦敦国王学院的科学家们发布了一项研究，他们对英国的1000多名年轻人进行了调查，得出的结论是，近40%的人有一定程度的智能手机成瘾症。与此同时，那些智能手机成瘾的人更有可能出现睡眠质量不佳问题。

20240608SpaceX星舰第四次试飞成功

SpaceX's Starship Rocket Successfully Completes 1^st Return From Space

From: The New York Times

SpaceX's launch of its giant Starship rocket accomplished a set of ambitious goals on Thursday that Elon Musk, the company's chief executive, set out before the test flight, its fourth.

周四，SpaceX成功发射了重型火箭“星舰”，实现了公司首席执行官埃隆·马斯克在这次试飞前制定的一系列雄心勃勃的目标，这是该火箭的第四次试飞。

The flight, while not a perfect success, offered a sign that Mr. Musk's vision of building the most powerful rocket ever and making it reusable could again transform a global space launch industry that his company already dominates. It is most likely encouraging for officials at NASA, which will use a version of Starship to take astronauts to the surface of the moon during its Artemis III mission, currently scheduled for late 2026.

虽然这次试飞并不完美，但它表明，马斯克制造迄今最大运载火箭，并让其能重复使用的愿景可能会再次改变全球航天发射行业，他的公司已在该行业占主导地位。对美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的官员来说，这可能是最令人鼓舞的消息，NASA将在完成“阿尔忒弥斯3号”任务时使用某种类型的“星舰”将宇航员送到月球表面，登月时间目前定在2026年底。

Bill Nelson, the administrator of NASA, offered his congratulations on X, the social media site that Mr. Musk owns.

NASA负责人比尔·尼尔森在社交媒体平台X上表达了祝贺，该平台也被马斯克拥有。

“We are another step closer to returning humanity to the Moon through #Artemis—then looking onward to Mars,” he wrote.

“我们向通过#阿尔忒弥斯让人类离重返月球又迈近了一步，然后向火星前进，”他写道。

The upper-stage Starship vehicle was lifted into space, coasted halfway around the world, survived the searing heat of re-entry and then made a water landing in the Indian Ocean, as planned.

“星舰”飞船位于火箭顶部，进入太空后，飞船绕地球飞行了半圈，经受住了重返大气层的高温烧灼，然后按计划溅落在印度洋。

During the descent, cameras on the spacecraft captured the colorful glow of gases heating up below it. At an altitude of above 30 miles, part of one of the steering flaps started falling apart, but it still held together. The view then became obstructed when debris cracked the camera lens.

在降落过程中，飞船上的摄像机捕捉到了下方的气体温度升高后发出的彩色光芒。在降到距海平面约5万米的高度时，飞船一个转向襟翼的一部分逐渐开始破损，但没有完全解体。接下来的视频拍摄因镜头被碎片击破受到了妨碍。

“The question is how much of the ship is left,” Kate Tice, one of the hosts of the SpaceX broadcast said.

“问题是飞船还剩下多大部分，”SpaceX直播节目的主持人之一凯特·泰斯说。

But real-time data continued to stream back, via SpaceX's Starlink internet satellites, to company's headquarters in Hawthorne, Calif., all the way until the altitude was reported at 0 — back to the surface of the Indian Ocean.

尽管摄像机不再工作，但实时数据继续通过SpaceX的“星链”卫星互联网传回公司位于加利福尼亚州霍桑的总部，直到飞船报出了零海拔高度，也就是降到了印度洋面。

A final maneuver to flip Starship to a vertical position just before landing was commande.

溅落之前，飞船收到了翻转为垂直状态的命令。

“Despite loss of many tiles and a damaged flap, Starship made it all the way to a soft landing in the ocean!” Mr. Musk wrote on X.

“尽管损失了许多陶瓷瓦片，襟翼也受到了损坏，但‘星舰'还是成功地在海上软溅落了！”马斯克在X上写道。

A crowd of onlooking SpaceX employees outside mission control, cheered wildly, seeing the outcome as a validation of the company's break-it-then-fix-it approach to engineering.

在任务控制中心外，一群观看直播的SpaceX员工极为兴奋地欢呼雀跃起来，他们将这次成功视为确认了公司用“先创再修”(break-it-then-fix-it)方法进行工程设计的有效性。

Earlier in the flight, the rocket's first stage, the giant Super Heavy booster with 33 engines, was also able to perform maneuvers that in the future would take it back to the launch site. For this flight, it made a simulated landing in the Gulf of the Mexico.

火箭的第一级，也就是带有33个发动机的超极重型助推器在飞行的早些时候也完成了一些操作，这些操作以后能让其重返发射场。在这次飞行中，它在墨西哥湾完成了模拟降落动作。

20240609衬衫的价格还是九磅十五便士吗？

Comparison of specimens and field observations reveals biases in biodiversity data

From: Stanford Report

In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have assembled billions of records. Most records either come from physical specimens in a museum or digital field observations, but both are useful for detecting shifts in the number and abundance of species in an area. However, a new Stanford study has found that both record types are flawed, and the degree to which they are riddled with coverage gaps and biases depends on the kind of dataset.

在记录地球上物种灭绝前的竞赛中，研究人员和公民科学家已经收集了数十亿条记录。大多数记录要么来自博物馆中的实物标本，要么来自数字化的实地观察，这两者都有助于监测某地区物种数量和丰度的变化。然而，斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，这两种记录类型都存在缺陷，它们所存在的覆盖缺口和偏差程度取决于数据集的类型。

Back in Charles Darwin's day, and up until relatively recently, naturalists recorded the species present in an area by collecting and preserving samples of the plants, insects, fish, birds, and other animals in a region for museums and educational collections. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, GPS coordinates, and other digital records with no corresponding physical sample of the organism they represent in a museum or herbarium.

从查尔斯·达尔文（Charles Darwin）时代到不久前，自然学家们通过收集和保存某地区的植物、昆虫、鱼类、鸟类和其他动物样本，来记录该地区的物种，供博物馆和教育机构收藏。如今，生物多样性的大多数记录通常采用照片、视频、GPS坐标等数字化记录的形式，而博物馆或标本馆中却没有与之相对应的生物实物样本。

"With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application," said Barnabas Daru, assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences.

斯坦福大学人文与科学学院生物学助理教授巴纳巴斯·达鲁（Barnabas Daru）说：“随着技术的兴起，借助移动应用程序（App）人们很容易观察到不同的物种。”

For example, if someone spots an attractive butterfly or plant, they can easily document it by taking a photo and uploading it to a biodiversity app with details such as the species' name, location, date, and time. This information becomes a valuable field observation.

例如，如果有人发现了漂亮的蝴蝶或植物，他们可以很容易地拍照记录下来，并将照片上传到生物多样性App，并附上物种名称、地点、日期和时间等详细信息。这些信息将成为宝贵的实地观察资料。

"These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens," said Daru, who is lead author of the study, published May 1 in Nature Ecology & Evolution. "And since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are these data usable?"

“现在，这些观察记录的数量超过了来自实物标本的主要数据，”该研究的第一作者达鲁说，该研究于5月1日发表在《自然生态与进化》（Nature Ecology & Evolution）杂志上。“既然我们越来越多地利用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我就想知道：这些数据有用吗？”

While other studies have explored global coverage and biases in biodiversity data, this is the first known global assessment of coverage gaps and biases in specimen versus observational records across multiple dimensions.

虽然其他研究已经探讨了生物多样性数据的全球覆盖和偏差，但这是已知的首次对标本与观察记录在多个维度上的覆盖缺口和偏差程度进行全球评估。

A digital museum 数字博物馆

Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of terrestrial plants, butterflies, amphibians, birds, reptiles, and mammals, Daru and co-author Jordan Rodriguez, tested how well each type of data captures actual global biodiversity patterns across taxonomic, geographic, temporal, and functional trait axes.

达鲁和共同作者乔丹·罗德里格斯（Jordan Rodriguez）利用包含19亿条陆生植物、蝴蝶、两栖动物、鸟类、爬行动物和哺乳动物记录的全球数据集，测试了每种类型的数据在分类、地理、时间和功能性状轴上捕获全球生物多样性实际模式的能力。

"We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to capture a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it," said Rodriguez, a University of Oregon graduate student who started collaborating with Daru at Texas A&M-Corpus Christi as an undergraduate.

“我们特别感兴趣的是研究那些容易导致数据偏差的采样因素，例如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物，而不是旁边的草丛，”俄勒冈大学（University of Oregon）的研究生罗德里格斯（Rodriguez）说，他在得克萨斯农工大学柯柏斯克里斯提分校（Texas A&M-Corpus Christi）读本科时就参与达鲁的研究工作。

For instance, to test coverage of actual biodiversity patterns in taxonomic space, they overlayed grids of different sizes (50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 km) across a digital map of the world. Within each grid cell, and for each family (e.g., ducks, geese, and waterfowl are one bird "family"), they assessed the number of documented species compared to the expected number of species for that region or family based on expert opinion.

例如，为了测试分类空间中生物多样性实际模式的覆盖情况，他们在世界数字地图上叠加了不同大小的网格（50、100、200、400、800和1600公里）。在每个网格单元内，针对每个科（例如，鸭、鹅和水禽属于同一鸟类“科”），他们评估了已记录的物种数量，并将其与根据专家意见预计的该地区或该科应有的物种数量进行比较。

Their study revealed that the superabundance of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions (North America and Europe), time periods, and organisms.

他们的研究表明，大量的观察记录并没有带来更好的全球覆盖情况。此外，这些数据存在偏差，偏向某些地区（北美和欧洲）、时间段和生物。

This makes sense because the people who capture observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording serendipitous encounters with species in areas nearby, such as roadsides, hiking trails, community parks, and neighborhoods.

这很合理，因为用移动设备捕获生物多样性观察数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们在路边、徒步路线、社区公园和社区等附近区域记录偶然遇到的物种。

Observational data are also biased toward certain organisms with attractive or eye-catching features.

观察数据还偏向于某些具有吸引力或醒目特征的生物。

"People trample on ants all the time, but if an elephant were to stroll down the street, everyone would want to know what was going on," said Daru.

达鲁说：“人们总是会踩死蚂蚁，但如果一头大象在街上漫步，每个人都会想知道发生了什么。”

In contrast, collectors of preserved specimens are often trained professionals who gather samples of plants, animals, and other organisms in remote and wilderness areas as part of their jobs.

相比之下，保存标本的采集者通常是训练有素的专业人士，他们在偏远和荒野地区采集植物、动物和其他生物样本是他们工作的一部分。

20240610西班牙竞走运动员提前庆祝被反超

Spain's Garciá-Caro pipped to European race walk bronze after early celebration

From: The Guardian

Unbridled joy turned to devastation for the Spanish race walker Laura García-Caro on the opening day of the European Athletics Championships, as a premature celebration cost her a first major medal.

在欧洲田径锦标赛的首日，西班牙竞走运动员劳拉·加西亚-卡洛（Laura García-Caro）经历了从欢欣鼓舞到失望至极的转变，只因过早庆祝胜利让她失去了首枚重要奖牌。

Five metres from the end of the women's 20km race walk in Rome, García-Caro punched the air and stuck her tongue out in triumph, thinking bronze was secure.

在罗马举行的女子20公里竞走比赛中，距离终点还有5米时，加西亚-卡洛挥拳庆祝并吐出舌头，以为自己稳获铜牌。

But she was left red-faced as the Ukrainian Lyudmila Olyanovska made up a 50-metre gap before brushing past her a stride before the line.

但就在此时，迅速追上了50米差距的乌克兰运动员柳德米拉·奥利亚诺夫斯卡（Lyudmila Olyanovska）在终点线前超过了她，让她满脸涨得通红。

García-Caro had been so confident of a medal that she grabbed a Spanish flag in the final stages of the race, which ended in the Stadio Olimpico. But she failed to look up at the big screen to see the Ukrainian was closing. When she turned to her right as she felt her rival approaching, she gave a look of horror, realising her dreams had suddenly been shattered.

比赛终点设在罗马奥林匹克体育场。加西亚-卡洛对获得奖牌充满信心，以至于她在比赛的最后阶段拿起了一面西班牙国旗。但她没有抬头看大屏幕，也没有看到乌克兰运动员正在逼近。当她感受到对手接近时转头看向右边，露出了惊恐的表情，意识到自己的梦想瞬间破灭。

To make matters worse, Olyanovska served a four-year doping ban between 2015 and 2019 for an adverse analytical finding. “I was really tired on the last lap,” García-Caro said. “I did my best.”

更糟糕的是，奥利亚诺夫斯卡在2015年至2019年期间因违禁药物而被禁赛四年。“最后一圈我真的很累，”加西亚-卡洛说。“我已经尽力了。”

Olyanovska, meanwhile, dedicated the medal to her country. “It is a very emotional moment for me,” she said. “Of course, I was tired in the last kilometre and last metres, but I wanted to win this medal for my country so much.

奥利亚诺夫斯卡则将这枚奖牌献给了她的国家。“这对我来说是非常激动人心的时刻，”她说。“当然，我在最后一公里和最后几米时很累，但我非常想为祖国赢得这枚奖牌。”

“Nowadays there is a war in Ukraine. We train under very difficult conditions, it was very hard preparation but I am very glad I managed to bring a medal home. This was what was pushing me to the finish the most.

“现在乌克兰正在经历战争。我们在非常艰苦的条件下训练，准备工作非常困难，但我很高兴能带回一枚奖牌。这是我冲向终点的最大动力。”

“My little son is waiting for me at home in Ukraine, he is five years old and just for him, I pushed myself so much. I do not know even if he saw me competing today because in Ukraine the infrastructure is broken. They do not have electricity, there is no internet, no light, so I do not know if he saw me on TV.”

“我的小儿子在乌克兰家里等着我，他已经五岁了，为了他，我拼尽了全力。我不知道他是否看到了我今天的比赛，因为乌克兰的基础设施很糟糕。他们没有电，没有互联网，没有灯，所以我不知道他是否在电视上看到了我。”

The race walk was won by the Italian Olympic champion, Antonella Palmisano. The 32-year-old, with a decorative woollen flower in the colours of the Italian flag in her hair, was cheered home as she finished in 1hr 28min 08sec.

意大利奥运冠军安东内拉·帕尔米萨诺（Antonella Palmisano）夺得了本届竞走比赛冠军。这位32岁的运动员头发上戴着一朵意大利国旗颜色的毛线花，她以1小时28分08秒的成绩完成比赛，赢得了观众的欢呼。

Her compatriot Valentina Trapletti then sealed an Italian one-two, 29 seconds back, as the hosts took the first medals of the championships.

随后，她的同胞瓦伦蒂娜·特拉普莱蒂（Valentina Trapletti）以29秒之差获得第二名，确保了意大利包揽前两名，东道主夺得了本届锦标赛的首枚奖牌。

Olyanovska and García-Caro shared the same time – 1:28:48 – but that came as no consolation to the Spaniard, who looked dazed as what happened to her began to sink in.

奥利亚诺夫斯卡和加西亚-卡洛的成绩相同，都是1小时28分48秒，但这并不能安慰加西亚-卡罗，她在意识到发生了什么后显得目瞪口呆。

20240611苹果官宣将接入ChatGPT

Apple introduces 'Apple Intelligence,' new OpenAI partnership as AI takes centre stage

From: The Wall Street Journal

Apple joined the AI race, saying it plans to bring a more personalized version of artificial intelligence to its 2.2 billion device users -- including striking a deal with ChatGPT-maker OpenAI.

苹果公司（Apple）加入人工智能（AI）竞赛，该公司周一表示计划为其22亿设备用户提供更加个性化的AI，包括与ChatGPT开发商OpenAI达成了一项协议。

The new AI system, which it called “Apple Intelligence,” offered a preview to what many consider to be the holy grail of AI, a voice assistant empowered with enough personal user information to meaningfully help complete an array of tasks. Apple has partnered with OpenAI, and its ChatGPT, for some new AI functions, such as answering more complex queries or composing messages, capabilities that Apple's AI can't handle.

这个新的AI系统被称为Apple Intelligence，它预先展示了被许多人认为是AI“圣杯”的功能，即一个掌握用户足够多个人信息的语音助手，能够真正有助益地协助用户完成一系列任务。苹果公司已与OpenAI及其ChatGPT合作开发一些新的AI功能，如回答更复杂的询问或撰写信息，这些功能是苹果公司的AI无法胜任的。

The announcement comes after the iPhone maker saw its market value stagnate compared with rivals that were quicker to incorporate generative artificial intelligence into their core products.

此前，与更快将AI融入其核心产品的竞争对手相比，iPhone制造商苹果公司的市值停滞不前。

“We think Apple Intelligence is going to be indispensable to the products that already play such an integral role in our lives,” Chief Executive Tim Cook said in the presentation.

该公司首席执行官库克（Tim Cook）在展示中说：“我们认为，Apple Intelligence将成为那些已经在我们生活中扮演重要角色的产品不可或缺的一部分。”

At its Worldwide Developers Conference, which will run throughout the week, Apple said its new software will retrieve information from across apps and scan personal information to help users proofread text, call up photographs of specific family members or gauge traffic patterns ahead of an atypical commute. Users can create images and emojis and even convert rough sketches into polished diagrams.

在将持续一周的全球开发者大会（Worldwide Developers Conference）上，苹果公司表示，其新软件将从各应用程序中检索信息并扫描个人信息，以帮助用户校对文本、调用特定家庭成员的照片或在非常规通勤前评估交通状况。用户还可以创建图像和表情符号，甚至将粗糙的草图转换成精致的图表。

An updated Siri will be able to better understand natural language, process contextual information and take action inside apps. Developers can use new tools to take advantage of the AI systems, a prospect that has excited some investors who have hoped that Apple could leverage its App Store to unveil new products. Most of these new Apple capabilities will be available later this year.

升级后的Siri将能更好地理解自然语言，处理上下文信息，并在应用程序内采取行动。开发人员可以使用新工具来利用该AI系统，这一前景令一些投资者感到兴奋，他们希望苹果公司能利用其应用商店推出新产品。苹果的这些新功能大多将在今年晚些时候推出。

For certain complex Siri requests, Apple will surface a prompt to ask if the user wants to connect with ChatGPT to get a better answer. Apple is also allowing ChatGPT to connect with other areas of the operating system, such as using the AI to help with composing text. Apple said it gives users the ability to control when and if they want to use ChatGPT.

对于某些复杂的Siri请求，苹果会出现提示，询问用户是否希望连接ChatGPT以获得更好的答案。苹果还将允许ChatGPT与操作系统的其他区域连接，例如使用AI帮助撰写文本。苹果表示，用户可以控制何时以及是否要使用ChatGPT。

Apple also announced the ability to connect to external AIs and said that it planned to add support for additional artificial-intelligence systems in the future. The company has held talks with Cohere and Alphabet's Google, the Journal has reported.

苹果公司还宣布了连接外部AI的功能，并表示计划在未来增加对其他AI系统的支持。据《华尔街日报》报道，该公司已与Cohere和Alphabet旗下的谷歌进行了磋商。

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, who was on hand at the Apple event but didn't speak during the livestreamed broadcast, said that he was grateful for the opportunity to integrate ChatGPT into Apple's devices. “[T]hink you will really like it,” he said on X. Apple said the ChatGPT-based functions will be available later this year.

OpenAI首席执行官阿尔特曼（Sam Altman）说，他感谢能有机会将ChatGPT整合到苹果设备中。他在X上发帖称：“我想你们会非常喜欢它。”阿尔特曼出席了苹果公司的这次活动，但没有在现场直播中发言。苹果公司表示，基于ChatGPT的功能将于今年晚些时候推出。

Privacy is at the heart of Apple's new AI capabilities, a feature that could further lock users into its ecosystem. Most processing will be done on a device instead of shipping to the servers in the cloud. But the company said for running larger AI models Apple will keep it private by running its own servers with what it calls Private Cloud Compute. It will only send data relevant to the task to these servers. The data isn't stored or accessible by Apple for further training, the company said.

隐私是苹果公司新AI功能的核心，这一功能可能会进一步将用户锁定在其生态系统中。大部分处理工作将在设备上完成，而不是发送到云端的服务器上。但该公司表示，在运行大型AI模型时，苹果公司将通过所谓的“私有云计算”（Private Cloud Compute）来运行自己的服务器，以保持其私密性。该公司只会向这些服务器发送与任务相关的数据。该公司表示，苹果不会存储或访问这些数据用于进一步的模型训练。

Elon Musk, who is developing a rival AI system dubbed xAI, said that if Apple integrates OpenAI “at the OS level,” he plans to ban Apple devices at his companies. “That is an unacceptable security violation,” he said on X.

马斯克（Elon Musk）表示，如果苹果公司“在操作系统层面”整合OpenAI，他计划在自己的公司禁用苹果设备。他在X上发帖称：“这是不可接受的安全违规行为。” 马斯克也在开发一款AI系统，名为xAI。

20240612新加坡门将火了

S'pore Goalkeeper Hassan Sunny Celebrated By Chinese Fans After Match Against Thailand, His Nasi Padang Stall Gets Over 70 5-Star Reviews From Them In The Past 12 Hours

From: 8days

Some Chinese netizens have reportedly started sending money to his business via AliPay using screenshots of his stall's QR code. All that because he prevented Thailand from scoring more than three goals, hence ensuring China's advancement into the next round of World Cup qualifiers.

据报道，一些中国网友已经通过支付宝（AliPay）向他的摊位转账，这一切都是因为他阻止了泰国队进三球以上，从而确保了中国队晋级下一轮世界杯预选赛。

Singaporeans may be a little miffed with our local football team after last week's poor showing against the South Koreans and losing to Thailand yesterday (June 11) 1-3.

上周对阵韩国队的比赛中新加坡队表现不佳，昨天（6月11日）又以1比3输给了泰国队，新加坡人可能对我们的本地足球队有些恼火。

But for Lions goalkeeper Hassan Sunny, he is now the toast of Chinese football fans, with many hailing him as a hero after he prevented Thailand from scoring more then three goals against Singapore.

但对于狮队门将哈桑·桑尼（Hassan Sunny）来说，他现在是中国球迷的宠儿，因为他在比赛中阻止了泰国进三球以上，许多人将他誉为英雄。

This has allowed China to advance to the next round of World Cup qualifiers.

这使得中国队得以晋级下一轮世界杯预选赛。

Since the match, the 40-year-old has trended on Chinese social media platforms such as Douyin, Weibo, and WeChat, allegedly crashing the sites for a bit as Chinese netizens surfed for more information on him.

比赛结束后，这位40岁的球员在抖音、微博和微信等中国社交媒体平台上成为热门话题，据称，许多网友涌入搜索更多他的信息，甚至一度导致网站崩溃。

A quick check on Hassan's Instagram also showed multiple comments in Mandarin praising his good looks, with one writing a short bio on his age, height and, career highlights.

快速浏览哈桑的Instagram账号，你会发现有很多中文评论称赞他长得帅，其中一条还简要介绍了他的年龄、身高和职业生涯亮点。

“Bro saved China!” wrote an appreciative netizen while another proclaimed Hassan as a “great benefactor of Chinese football” and "The world's best goalkeeper".

一位网友感激地写道：“兄弟拯救了中国！”另一位网友则称哈桑是“中国足球的大恩人”和“全球最佳门将”。

In a bid to show their gratefulness, some even went as far as to earmark his nasi padang hawker stall, Dapur Hassan in Tampines, as a must-visit for Chinese tourists.

为了表达他们的感激之情，有些网友甚至将他位于淡滨尼（Tampines）的Dapur Hassan椰浆饭摊位指定为中国游客的必游之地。

Google Maps also showed the spillover effect from going viral overnight with more than 70 five-star reviews in the last 12 hours alone.

其一夜爆红的连锁反应从谷歌地图中也可以看出，仅过去12小时内就新增了70多条五星好评。

“Although I haven't been there, the player's food must be delicious!” said one review, “I'm hungry and I now want to go to Singapore for coconut rice”, wrote a netizen.

一条评论这样写道：“虽然我没去过那里，但这个球员的食物一定很美味！”另一位网友说：“我饿了，我现在想去新加坡吃椰浆饭”。

According to comments on Reddit, some even took their support to the next level by allegedly taking snapshots of Dapur Hassan's QR code to transfer money via Alipay.

根据Reddit上的评论，有些人甚至更进一步，拍下了该摊位的支付宝收款码，通过支付宝转账以示支持。

We wonder what Hassan thinks about his sudden popularity with the Chinese.

不知道哈桑对他突然受到中国人的欢迎作何感想。

Singapore football fans naturally gave their take on his instant celebrity status saying, “Things are looking bright for Sunny!” while others advised Hassan to strike while the iron is hot and consider live streaming in China.

新加坡球迷自然会对哈桑的爆红发表看法：“桑尼的前途一片光明！”还有人建议哈桑趁热打铁，考虑在中国进行直播。

Now shouldn't we show our local boys more love here too?

现在，我们是不是也应该多给本地球员一些支持呢？

20240613马斯克被曝与SpaceX多名员工有染

Elon Musk's Boundary-Blurring Relationships With Women at SpaceX

From: BBC

When Elon Musk personally contacted a former SpaceX engineering intern to discuss a role on his executive staff in 2017, the woman spoke with excitement to her friends about a high-profile problem-solving role at the rocket company, a dream for someone a few years out of college.

2017年，马斯克（Elon Musk）亲自联系了SpaceX一名前工程实习生，讨论在公司高管团队任职的事情，当时这名女性兴奋地向朋友们讲述了在这家火箭公司担任解决问题的重要角色的机会，这对于一个大学毕业没几年的人来说是梦寐以求的。

She and Musk had met years earlier during her internship, when she was still in college. She'd approached him with ideas for improving SpaceX. Her outreach had led to a date, which led to a kiss, and eventually sex, she told friends. The year after her internship, the billionaire had the fresh college graduate flown out to a resort in Sicily, before they ended things, according to documents reviewed by The Wall Street Journal.

她在几年前实习时与马斯克相识，当时她还在上大学。她曾向马斯克提出了改进SpaceX的想法。她告诉朋友们，她的主动接触促成了一次约会，两人进而接吻，最终发生了性关系。据《华尔街日报》（The Wall Street Journal）看到的文件显示，在她实习后的第二年，马斯克曾让这位刚毕业的大学生飞到西西里岛一个度假胜地，后来他们结束了关系。

Musk, who is more than 20 years her senior, attempted to restart their relationship but she rejected his advance. They remained close as she tried to establish herself in the new job.

比她年长20多岁的马斯克试图重新开始他们的关系，但她拒绝了他的追求。在她努力适应新工作的过程中，他们保持着密切关系。

He texted her often and invited her to come over to his Los Angeles mansion at night on multiple occasions. Sometimes she accepted his invitations, but friends said she told them at the time that his behavior made her job harder.

马斯克经常给她发短信，并多次邀请她晚上去他在洛杉矶的豪宅。有时她会接受他的邀请，但朋友们说她当时告诉他们，马斯克的行为让她的工作变得更加困难。

She eventually moved off Musk's executive team, according to friends she told and to people familiar with her time at SpaceX. The woman left the company in 2019.

据从她口中获知消息的朋友和熟悉她在SpaceX工作的人说，她最终离开了马斯克的高管团队。这位女士于2019年离开了SpaceX。

Her lawyers, who also represent Musk, provided the Journal with two affidavits signed by the woman. The affidavits disputed some aspects of the Journal's reporting but confirmed many others, including that she had a romantic relationship with Musk in the past. She said she invited him to dinner near the end of her summer internship and broke things off the following year.

她的律师团也是马斯克的代理律师团，他们向《华尔街日报》提供了两份由该女士签署的书面陈述。该书面陈述对《华尔街日报》报道的某些方面提出质疑，但证实了许多其他消息，包括她过去曾与马斯克有过恋爱关系。她说，在暑期实习快结束时，她曾邀请马斯克共进晚餐，然后在第二年分手了。

She said at no point during employment at SpaceX from 2017 to 2019 was there any “romantic relationship” with Musk.

她说，她在2017年至2019年于SpaceX任职期间，从未与马斯克有过任何“恋爱关系”。

“Nothing that Elon Musk did towards me during either of my periods of employment at SpaceX was predatory or wrongful in any way,” the woman said.

这位女士说：“马斯克在我受雇于SpaceX的两个阶段对我所做的一切都不是掠夺性或不正当的。”

She is one of several female employees at SpaceX who have told friends, family, or the company itself, that Musk showed them an unusual amount of attention or pursued them.

SpaceX的几位女员工曾告诉朋友、家人或公司本身，马斯克对她们表现出了不同寻常的关注或曾追求她们。这位女士是其中之一。

One woman, a SpaceX flight attendant, alleged that in 2016 Musk exposed himself to her and offered to buy her a horse in exchange for sex acts.

SpaceX的一名空乘人员曾指称，2016年，马斯克曾向她裸露身体，并提出给她买一匹马，以换取性行为。

Another woman who left the company in 2013 alleged in exit negotiations with SpaceX human resources and legal executives that Musk had asked her to have his babies.

另一名于2013年离开SpaceX的女性在与公司人力资源和法律主管进行离职谈判时声称，马斯克曾要求她为他生孩子。

A fourth woman had a month-long sexual relationship with Musk in 2014 while she directly reported to him. The relationship ended badly, leading to recriminations over text and email as she left the company and signed an agreement prohibiting her from discussing her work for Musk.

第四位女性在2014年与马斯克发生了持续一个月的性关系，当时她直接向马斯克汇报工作。这段关系以糟糕的方式结束，导致她在离开SpaceX时双方通过短信和电子邮件相互指责。她还签署了一份协议，不得讨论为马斯克工作的事情。

Former SpaceX executives, as well as fired SpaceX employees who complained to the National Labor Relations Board in 2022, say a high-level group around Musk fails to apply his company's own rules to the CEO, contributing to a culture of sexism and harassment.

SpaceX的前高管以及2022年向美国全国劳资关系委员会（National Labor Relations Board）投诉的SpaceX被解雇员工称，马斯克身边的高层团队未能将公司自己的规定适用于这位首席执行官，助长了性别歧视和骚扰文化。

They say there's an understanding that Musk, a charismatic leader with many fans who call him a genius, can act with impunity. “Elon is SpaceX, and SpaceX is Elon,” one former engineer recalled an executive saying during a June 2022 meeting after the firings of some of the SpaceX employees, who had criticized Musk and demanded greater accountability at the company.

他们说，马斯克可以逍遥法外，这一点已经形成共识。马斯克是一位魅力十足的领导者，有很多粉丝称他为天才。一位前工程师记得一位高管曾在2022年6月的一次会议上说：“埃隆就是SpaceX，SpaceX就是埃隆。”这次会议之前一些曾批评马斯克并要求公司加强问责制的SpaceX员工被解雇。

Musk, who is one of the richest men in the world, leads companies including the publicly traded electric-vehicle maker Tesla, rocket-maker SpaceX and social-media platform X.

马斯克是全球最富有的人之一，他领导的公司包括上市电动汽车制造商特斯拉（Tesla）、火箭制造商SpaceX和社交媒体平台X。

20240614欧美开始流行笨手机

Adults and teens turn to 'dumbphones' to cut screen time

From: BBC

Adults and teens concerned about their screen time are turning in their smartphones for “dumber” models.

越来越多的成年人和青少年开始关注自己的屏幕使用时间，并将智能手机换成了“傻瓜式”手机。

Buried in the settings of many smartphones is the option to look up how much on average you are staring at your phone per day.

许多智能手机的设置中都有一个选项，可以查看你平均每天使用手机的时间。

It can bring an uncomfortable realisation, that what was supposed to be a useful piece of technology has become an obsession.

这可能会让人感到不安，因为本应是有用的科技产品却变成了一种困扰。

“Social media is built around FOMO (fear of missing out), so I felt like I couldn't get off it,” 16-year-old Luke Martin, from Canada, told the BBC.

16岁的卢克·马丁（Luke Martin）来自加拿大，他在接受英国广播公司（BBC）采访时表示：“社交媒体是围绕错失恐惧症（FOMO）而建立的，所以我觉得自己离不开它。”

“Instantly I got Instagram and it was a downward spiral.”

“我一开始用Instagram，情况就开始恶化。”

Luke is not alone.

卢克并不是唯一有这种感觉的人。

According to a study by Harvard University, using social networking sites lights up the same part of the brain that is also triggered when taking an addictive substance. This has raised concerns about phone habits among youth.

哈佛大学的一项研究表明，使用社交媒体网站会激活大脑中与使用成瘾性物质时相同的部分。这引发了人们对年轻人手机使用习惯的担忧。

In the UK, research by Ofcom estimates that around a quarter of children aged five to seven years old now have their own smartphone.

据英国通信管理局（Ofcom）的研究估计，在英国，大约四分之一的5至7岁儿童现在都有自己的智能手机。

Links have been shown in some studies between use of social media and a negative effect on mental health - especially in children.

一些研究表明，社交媒体的使用与心理健康的负面影响之间存在联系，尤其是对儿童而言。

Some campaigners want age limits to be introduced for smartphone use. Others, like Luke, are choosing to swap their smartphones for much simpler devices, so-called “dumbphones”.

有人提议对智能手机的使用设置年龄限制。还有一些人，比如卢克，选择把智能手机换成更简单的设备，即所谓的“笨手机”。

His new phone only has texts, calls, maps, and a few other limited tools.

他的新手机只有短信、电话、地图和其他一些有限的功能。

“My friends' usage is like four to five hours I think, and that's how much mine used to be before I got this,” he said.

他说：“我朋友的手机使用时间大概是四到五个小时，而我在买‘笨手机’之前也是这样。”

“Now mine's like 20 minutes a day which is really good because I only use it for what I need it for.”

“现在我每天只用20分钟，因为我只在我需要的时候用它。”

Parents are also turning to dumbphones, not only for their children, but to help themselves be more present for their families.

家长们也开始使用“笨手机”，不仅是为了孩子，也是为了帮助自己更多地陪伴家人。

Lizzy Broughton, who has a five-year-old son, recently bought an old-school style Nokia “flip” phone.

莉兹·布劳顿（Lizzy Broughton）有一个5岁的儿子，她最近买了一部老式的诺基亚“翻盖”手机。

“It helped me recalibrate my own habits, I have way more quality time with my son,” she explained.

她解释说：“这让我重新调整了自己的习惯，我和儿子有更多的美好时光。”

She says that when it's time for him to get his own phone, she'll choose a similarly pared-down model.

她说，当儿子要买自己的手机时，她也会选择类似的简化版。

“It doesn't feel like the best idea to just start with a smartphone,” she said. “It's like we're handing over the world, like try to figure out how to navigate that.”

她说：“一开始就用智能手机，感觉不是个好主意。这就像把整个世界交给他，让他自己去摸索如何驾驭一样。”

Sales of dumbphones have been increasing in North America. At Dumbwireless in Los Angeles, store-owners Daisy Krigbaum and Will Stults cater to customers looking for low-tech devices.

在北美，“笨手机”销量一直在增长。在洛杉矶的Dumbwireless商店，店主黛西·克里格鲍姆（Daisy Krigbaum）和威尔·斯图尔特（Will Stults）专门为寻找低科技设备的顾客提供服务。

“We have a lot of parents looking to get their kid that first phone, and they don't want them drifting off on the internet,” he said.

他说：“我们有很多父母希望给孩子买第一部手机，他们不希望孩子沉迷于网络。”

But giving up the smartphone is easier said than done. Mr Stults said some schools require pupils to have certain apps. And it is difficult to hold the line when children see their friends being given expensive smartphones, said Ms Broughton.

但放弃智能手机说起来容易做起来难。斯图尔特说，有些学校要求学生使用某些应用程序。布劳顿说，当孩子们看到朋友们拥有昂贵的智能手机时，就很难再坚持下去了。

One workaround is a device called “unpluq”, which you tap against the phone to wirelessly block certain apps, like social media.

一种解决方法是使用名为“unpluq”的设备，用手轻触手机，就可以无线屏蔽某些应用程序，如社交媒体。

There are several phones that have now been developed particularly for users who want to avoid an addiction to mindless scrolling.

现在已经有几款专门为那些希望避免沉迷于无脑刷屏的用户开发的手机。

Chris Kaspar founded the company Techless to develop an “intentionally boring” but sleek device that looks much like an iPhone. The latest version is dubbed the “Wisephone II”.

克里斯·卡斯帕尔（Chris Kaspar）创办了Techless公司，旨在开发一款“故意让人觉得无聊”但外观很像iPhone的时尚设备。最新版本被称为“Wisephone II”。

“It has no icons, just words, two colours, and two fonts.” He describes it as “very peaceful, very tranquil”.

“它没有图标，只有文字、两种颜色和两种字体。”他形容这款手机“非常平和，非常宁静”。

It will have some limited third-party tools, such as the taxi application Uber, but no social media.

它将拥有一些有限的第三方工具，比如打车应用Uber，但没有社交媒体。

“We're asking this question—what's actually good for us?” Mr Kaspar said.

“我们在问这样一个问题——什么才是真正对我们有益的？”卡斯帕尔说。

20240615四级阅读提到霉霉

Present Bias: Why You Don't Give a Damn About Your Future Self

From: Todoist

Hal Hershfield, a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, wanted to know why people weren't saving for retirement.

加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森管理学院（UCLA Anderson School of Management）心理学家哈尔·赫什菲尔德（Hal Hershfield）想知道人们为什么不为退休存钱。

Across the board, people are living longer. Logically, they'll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years. And yet, savings rates in the US have gone down in recent decades, not up. The average American within 15 years of retirement age saves at only one-third of the rate required to maintain their current standard of living. Why do people spend today at the expense of their future well-being?

从整体上看，人们的寿命越来越长。按理说，人们需要更多的钱来安度晚年。然而，近几十年来，美国的储蓄率不升反降。距离退休年龄还有15年的美国人平均储蓄率仅为维持当前生活水平所需储蓄率的三分之一。为什么人们宁愿现在花钱，也不愿为未来的福祉存钱？

To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior, Hershfield and his team scanned the brains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits — like “honorable” or “funny” — applied to their current self, their future self, a current other, or a future other.

为了帮助解释这种看似不合理的行为，赫什菲尔德和他的团队扫描了研究参与者的大脑，同时询问他们各种特质（如“正直”或“有趣”）在多大程度上适用于“当前的自己”、“未来的自己”、“当前的他人”或“未来的他人”。

As participants answered, Hershfield's team recorded which parts of their brains lit up.

当参与者回答时，赫什菲尔德的团队记录下他们大脑的活跃区域。

Unsurprisingly, people's brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current other. (Humans tend to be a self-oriented bunch, after all.) It was in comparing these brain scans to those taken while thinking about the Future Self where things got interesting.

不出所料，人们的大脑在思考“当前的自己”时最为活跃，而在思考“当前的他人”时则最不活跃。（毕竟，人类往往是以自我为导向的。）而当将这些大脑扫描结果与思考“未来的自己”时的大脑扫描结果进行比较后，事情变得有趣起来。

Hershfield's team found that participants' brain activity while considering their Future Selves more closely resembled brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self.

赫什菲尔德的团队发现，参与者在思考“未来的自己”时的大脑活动更像是在思考“当前的他人”，而非“当前的自己”。

Put in practical terms, when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade, your brain registers that person in ways similar to how it would register Taylor Swift or the mailman or the lady driving the car in the next lane over. Understood in that way, saving for retirement is the neurological equivalent of giving money away to someone else entirely. Acting in your own self-interest (as your brain so narrowly defines it), it becomes perfectly logical to not save for retirement.

换句话说，当你思考一个月、一年或十年后的自己时，你的大脑会以类似于思考当前的泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）、邮递员或隔壁车道上开车的女士的方式来处理。从这个角度理解，为退休存钱在神经学上就相当于把钱完全捐给了别人。从自身利益出发（你的大脑对自身利益的定义如此狭隘），不为退休存钱就变得完全合乎逻辑。

For the chronic procrastinators of the world (myself very much included), Hershfield's findings are both comforting and horrifying. It's definitive proof our tendency to put things off isn't a moral failing but a neural one — our brains are wired to put our Present Selves first. (You have my blessing to use that sentence on your boss the next time you miss a deadline.)

对于世界上长期有拖延症的人（包括我自己）来说，赫什菲尔德的发现既令人欣慰又令人恐怖。这充分证明，我们的拖延倾向并不是道德上的缺陷，而是神经系统的问题——我们的大脑天生就把“当前的自己”放在第一位。（下次你错过截止日期时，可以把这句话告诉你的老板。）

On the other hand, the problem of working toward long-term goals feels more insurmountable than ever. We're not just fighting our willpower (or lack thereof), but our neurological wiring.

另一方面，为实现长期目标而努力的问题似乎比以往任何时候都更加难以克服。我们不仅要与自己的意志力（或缺乏意志力）作斗争，还要与自己的神经系统作斗争。

In light of Hershfield's study and others like it, I wanted to answer one simple question: Is it possible to make our Present Selves give a damn about our Future Selves? The answers I found were anything but simple.

鉴于赫什菲尔德的研究和其他类似研究，我想回答一个简单的问题：有没有可能让我们的“当前的自己”关心“未来的自己”？我找到的答案并不简单。

20240616凯特公开露面

Princess of Wales makes first public appearance since cancer diagnosis

From: The Guardian

The Princess of Wales watched the spectacle of the trooping the colour ceremony from the windows of a major general's office, along with her three children, Prince George, Princess Charlotte and Prince Louis, in her first public appearance since revealing her cancer diagnosis.

威尔士王妃凯瑟琳在少将办公室的窗户旁，与她的三个孩子乔治王子、夏洛特公主和路易斯王子一起观看了阅兵仪式盛况。这是她公布确诊癌症后的首次公开亮相。

Catherine, who wore white with navy details, was seen earlier smiling and talking to her children, who were dressed in navy and white, in their carriage before they arrived at Horse Guards Parade in Whitehall. The Princess of Wales, who is the regiment's colonel, also wore an Irish Guards regimental brooch. They were cheered by crowds in the Mall as they left Buckingham Palace.

威尔士王妃凯瑟琳身穿白色衣服，配有海军蓝色点缀。早些时候，在抵达白厅街的骑兵卫队阅兵场（Horse Guards Parade）前，人们看到她在马车里微笑着与孩子们交谈，孩子们也穿着海军蓝和白色的服装。身为爱尔兰卫队上校的她还佩戴了爱尔兰卫队的团徽胸针。当他们离开白金汉宫时，沿途的人群欢呼雀跃。

King Charles and Queen Camilla were riding in a carriage in their royal procession ahead of the Princess of Wales.

查尔斯国王和卡米拉王后乘坐一辆马车，走在威尔士王妃前面。

The Princess of Wales was photographed prior to that arriving at Buckingham Palace by car before the parade.

在游行前，威尔士王妃被拍到乘车抵达白金汉宫。

Ahead of the event, Kate said in a statement: “I'm looking forward to attending the King's birthday parade this weekend with my family and hope to join a few public engagements over the summer, but equally knowing I am not out of the woods yet.

凯特在活动开始前发表声明说：“我很期待本周末与家人一起参加国王的生日游行，并希望在夏天参加一些公开活动，但我同样知道自己还未完全康复。”

“I am learning how to be patient, especially with uncertainty. Taking each day as it comes, listening to my body and allowing myself to take this much needed time to heal.”

“我正在学习如何保持耐心，尤其是面对不确定性。过好每一天，倾听内心的声音，让自己有足够的时间恢复。”

The Princess of Wales said she was making “good progress” but “there are good days and bad days”. “On those bad days you feel weak, tired and you have to give in to your body resting. But on the good days, when you feel stronger, you want to make the most of feeling well.” She added that her treatment will continue “for a few more months”.

威尔士王妃说，她正取得“良好的进展”，但“日子有好有坏”。“在那些糟糕的日子里，你会感到虚弱、疲惫，你不得不让自己的身体休息。但在好日子里，当你感觉更好时，你就会想充分利用这种状态”。她补充说，她的治疗还将持续“几个月”。

A Buckingham Palace spokesperson said: “His Majesty is delighted that the princess is able to attend tomorrow's events and is much looking forward to all elements of the day.”

白金汉宫发言人说：“国王陛下很高兴威尔士王妃能够参加明天的活动，并非常期待这一天的所有安排。”

The celebration has been held on the sovereign's official birthday for more than 260 years.

在英国君主生日当天举行庆祝活动已有260多年的历史。

In a letter read to the regiment last week, the Princess of Wales, who is undergoing chemotherapy, wrote to the Irish guards to apologise for being unable to take the salute and wished them luck. Lt Gen Sir James Bucknall will take the salute on her behalf.

上周，正在接受化疗的威尔士王妃致信爱尔兰卫队，为无法接受敬礼道歉，并祝他们好运。詹姆斯·巴克纳尔中将（Lt Gen Sir James Bucknall）将代表她接受敬礼。

The king, who is also undergoing treatment for cancer, will not ride on horseback during the ceremony, but will instead review the parade from an Ascot landau carriage. He attended his first trooping at the age of three, riding in a carriage with his grandmother, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother.

同样正在接受癌症治疗的国王将不会在仪式上骑马，而是乘坐一辆阿斯科特马车检阅游行队伍。英国国王三岁时第一次参加阅兵式，当时他和祖母伊丽莎白王太后一起乘坐马车。

More than 1,250 soldiers and hundreds of Guardsmen assembled on the parade ground to be inspected by the king from his carriage with Camilla, who is colonel of the Grenadier Guards, and accompanied by the mounted royal colonels.

1250多名士兵和数百名卫兵聚集在阅兵场上，接受国王与身为掷弹兵卫队上校的卡米拉在马车上检阅，陪同检阅的还有骑马的皇家上校。

The stands overlooking the parade ground were filled with about 8,000 family members and partners of the guardsmen and officers on parade.

俯瞰阅兵场的看台上坐满了大约8000名受阅卫兵和军官的家人和伙伴。

20240617怎样正确看待“天才”？

The Wrong Way to Treat Child Geniuses

From: The Wall Street Journal

When I was a child, I was a "genius"—the kind you sometimes see profiled on the local news. I started reading at 2. I could multiply two-digit numbers in my head when I was 5. One of my earliest memories is working out a way to generate Pythagorean triples. In third grade, I commuted to the local junior high to take geometry. Kids on the playground would sometimes test me by asking what a million times a million was—and were delighted when I knew the answer.

小时候，我是个“天才”——就是那种你有时会在本地新闻上看到的小神童。我从2岁开始阅读。5岁时我能心算两位数乘法。我最早的记忆之一是想出了一种得出勾股数的方法。小学三年级时，我开始到本地一所初中听几何课。操场上的孩子有时候会出一百万乘一百万等于几这样的题目来考我——当我报出答案时，他们会很开心。

Many advocates for gifted education are similarly delighted by kids like me, seeing us as a kind of natural resource, one we risk squandering as surely as we do fossil fuels. Some educators rebrand child prodigies as "exceptional human capital" and hold us to be the drivers of global economic competitiveness. "These are the people who are going to figure out all the riddles," the Vanderbilt University psychologist David Lubinski said in a recent interview. "Schizophrenia, cancer—they're going to fight terrorism, they're going to create patents and the scientific innovations that drive our economy. But they are not given a lot of opportunities in schools that are designed for typically developing kids."

许多倡导资优教育的人也会为我这样的孩子而感到高兴，他们将我们视为一种自然资源，一种像化石燃料一样有可能被浪费的资源。一些教育者将天才儿童说成是“超常人力资本”，将我们视为提升全球经济竞争力的动力。范德堡大学（Vanderbilt University）的心理学家戴维·卢宾斯基（David Lubinski）近期接受采访时称：“这些人将解开所有谜题，无论是精神分裂症还是癌症——他们将与恐怖主义作斗争，他们还将创造出推动经济发展的发明专利和科学创新。但在为普通儿童设计的学校里，他们并没有获得充足的发展机会。”

Hearing this sort of thing was pretty flattering when I was a child. But today, I don't think we're paying too little attention to our young geniuses. I think we're paying too much.

小时候，我会把这种话当做溢美之词。而如今我却认为，我们对小天才们关注得不是太少，而是太多了。

Dr. Lubinski and coauthor Camilla Benbow direct the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth, based at Vanderbilt, the most ambitious attempt yet to follow the life course of the prodigious child.

卢宾斯基博士与合作者卡米拉·本博（Camilla Benbow）在范德堡大学共同领导了一项名为“数学早慧少年研究”（Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth）的项目，这是迄今为止规模最大的一项追踪天才儿童人生轨迹的研究。

Since 1983, the study has tracked a group of several hundred students who, before the age of 13, scored at least 700 on the math SAT or 630 on the verbal—scores that only 1 in 10,000 children that age attain. Those students, now in their early 40s, have filed regular reports on their intellectual and professional development for decades. They're pretty developed: Some 44% of them have doctoral degrees (only 2% of the general population does); their median income was $80,000, about twice the U.S. average for people their age; and two ex-prodigies are Harvard professors. These kids don't flame bright and burn out; they start strong and keep going.

从1983年起，该研究已经追踪了数百名13岁前SAT数学成绩至少达到700分或语言成绩至少达到630分的学生，这些孩子在同龄人中所占比例仅为万分之一。这些学生目前四十岁出头，几十年来他们会定期报告自己的学术和职业发展情况。他们发展得相当不错：约44%的人拥有博士学位（普通人中比例仅为2%）；他们的收入中值达到80,000美元，约为同龄美国人平均收入的两倍；有两位当年的天才儿童现在是哈佛大学(Harvard)教授。这些孩子并没有出现江郎才尽的现象；他们天赋超常，而且在不断前进。

But here's the thing: Talent isn't a number. We would never presume to identify the great novelists of the future by counting the number of vocabulary words they knew at age 10. To think we can do the same for math and science—as if proving the Riemann hypothesis were something like getting 100,000 on the math SAT—is to adopt a depressingly impoverished view of science and its demands on its practitioners. The cult of genius tends to undervalue hard work and the productive persistence that psychologists nowadays like to call "grit"—not to mention creativity, perspective and taste, without which all those other virtues may be wasted on pointless projects.

但问题在这里：天才并不是一个数字。我们不可能依据孩子10岁时的词汇量来预测他们未来能否成为出色的小说家。如果你以为能以这种方式预测数学和科学成就（就像证明黎曼猜想和SAT数学得10万分差不多一样），那你对科学以及科学工作者所面临要求的认识就太粗浅了。“天才崇拜”往往低估了努力奋斗与持之以恒（如今心理学家喜欢把它们称为“坚毅”）的重要性——更不用说创造力、洞察力和鉴赏力了，如果没有这些，其他所有长处都可能会浪费在毫无意义的项目上。

Plucking the great scientists of the future out of their scattered middle schools is hard, perhaps impossible. Dr. Lubinski's report on the grown-up prodigies isn't called, "What Happens to Child Prodigies as Adults?" It's called, "Who Rises to the Top?" But it leaves the latter question unanswered.

从零散的中学里挖掘出未来的大科学家是很难的，也许根本不可能。卢宾斯基博士有关天才儿童长大后情况的报告不叫《天才儿童成年后是什么样？》（What Happens to Child Prodigies as Adults），而是叫《谁成了顶尖人才？》（Who Rises to the Top）。不过这份报告并没有回答后一个问题。

Those of us who managed sky-high SAT scores at 13 were 20 times as likely as the average American to get a doctorate; let's say, being charitable, that we're 100 times as likely to make a significant scientific advance. Since we're only 1 in 10,000 of the U.S. population, that still leaves 99% of scientific advances to be made by all those other kids who didn't get an early ticket to the genius club. We geniuses aren't going to solve all the riddles. Most child prodigies are highly successful—but most highly successful people weren't child prodigies.

我们这些13岁时在SAT中获得超高分的孩子取得博士学位的几率是普通美国人的20倍；让我们做个夸张的假设，假设我们取得卓越科学成就的可能性是普通人的100倍。既然我们在美国人口中所占比例仅为万分之一，那么仍有99%的科学成就是由没能早早拿到天才俱乐部入场券的孩子取得的。并非所有谜题都会由我们这些天才来解决。多数天才儿童确实非常成功——但多数非常成功的人早年并不是神童。

There is a myth that progress in mathematics is driven by the cognitive .01-percenters, marked at birth, who blaze a path for the rest of humanity to trot along. But in the real world, math is a communal enterprise. Each advance is the product of a huge network of minds working toward a common purpose, even if we accord special honor to the person who sets the final stone in the arch. As Mark Twain said, "It takes a thousand men to invent a telegraph…and the last man gets the credit and we forget the others."

我们存在一种误解，以为数学的发展是由天生智力居于前百分之零点零一的人推动的，以为他们为其他人开辟出一条前进的道路。但在现实世界中，数学其实是一项需要人们共同奋斗的事业。尽管我们会把殊荣授予那个为拱门砌上最后一块石头的人，但每一项进步都是无数人运用聪明才智，为共同目标奋斗的结果。正如马克·吐温（Mark Twain）所说：“发明电报需要一千人的努力……但荣誉只属于最后一人，我们会忘掉其他人。”

Terry Tao, a UCLA professor and a winner of the Fields Medal, the highest honor a young mathematician can achieve, once wrote: "I find the reality of mathematical research today—in which progress is obtained naturally and cumulatively as a consequence of hard work, directed by intuition, literature, and a bit of luck—to be far more satisfying than the romantic image that I had as a student of mathematics being advanced primarily by the mystic inspirations of some rare breed of 'geniuses.' "

加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）教授陶哲轩（Terry Tao）是菲尔兹奖（Fields Medal）获得者，这是授予年轻数学家的最高荣誉。他曾写道：“如今我发现，数学研究的进展是在直觉、文献和一点运气的引领下，通过共同努力，自然而然取得的，这一现实比我当学生时所怀有的一种浪漫想象——数学的发展主要是由一些罕见‘天才’的神秘灵感推动的——要让人满意得多。”

It isn't exactly wrong to say that Terry Tao and other former prodigies like him are geniuses. But it is more accurate to say that what they accomplished was genius. Genius is a thing that happens, not a kind of person.

说陶哲轩和像他一样的其他超常儿童是天才并不能算错。但更准确的说法是，他们取得了天才的成就。天才是指世界上出现的一类事情，而不是一类人。

20240618丹麦召回三款“太辣”韩国火鸡面

Denmark recalls spicy South Korean noodles over health concerns

From: AP NEWS

Food authorities in Denmark have recalled three types of spicy instant noodle products imported from South Korea over possible risks of “acute poisoning.” Consumers are asked to discard them or return the noodles to the retailer.

丹麦食品管理部门因担心“急性中毒”风险，召回了三种从韩国进口的火鸡面，并建议消费者丢弃或退回给零售商。

The noodles are made by Seoul-based Samyang Foods, one of South Korea's largest companies, and sold across the globe. The recalled noodles include Buldak Samyang 3 x Spicy & Hot Chicken, Buldak Samyang 2 x Spicy & Hot Chicken and Buldak Samyang Hot Chicken Stew.

这些火鸡面由总部位于首尔的韩国最大企业之一三养食品（Samyang Foods）公司生产，销往全球各地。被召回的面条包括三养3倍辣火鸡面、三养2倍辣火鸡面以及三养火鸡汤面。

The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration said the products contain an overly high dose of capsaicin, an active ingredient in chile peppers but also a chemical that can be a neurotoxin and a health hazard.

丹麦兽医和食品管理局表示，这些产品含有过量的辣椒素。辣椒素是辣椒中的一种活性成分，但也是一种可导致神经中毒和危害健康的化学物质。

Children and teenagers in Denmark have been daring each other on social media to eat “a strong bowl of noodle soup,” referring to the three South Korean products, the agency said.

该机构表示，丹麦青少年儿童在社交媒体上相互挑战，吃这些超级辣的韩国火鸡面。

“The noodle dishes marketed as extremely strong must no longer be sold because consumers and especially children risk acute poisoning,” it said late Tuesday. “The capsaicin content is so high that it can pose a health hazard.”

“由于消费者尤其是儿童有急性中毒的风险，因此不得再销售这些超级辣的火鸡面，”该机构表示。“辣椒素含量如此之高，可能对健康有害。”

Children and frail adults and the elderly are at risk, said Henrik Dammand Nielsen of the Danish Food and Drug Administration. Possibly symptoms include burning and discomfort, nausea, vomiting and high blood pressure, he said.

丹麦食品药品管理局的亨里克·达曼·尼尔森（Henrik Dammand Nielsen）说，儿童、体弱的成年人和老人都有风险。他说，可能出现的症状包括烧灼感和不适、恶心、呕吐和高血压。

“That is why we are now demanding shops remove the products from their shelves,” the agency said.

该机构表示：“因此，我们现在要求商店将这些产品下架。”

In a statement to reporters, Samyang said it understands that the steps taken in Denmark were not based on product quality issues but because local authorities thought “they were too spicy and could potentially cause problems.”

三养食品公司在给记者的一份声明中表示，据公司了解，丹麦采取的措施不是因为产品质量问题，而是因为丹麦有关部门认为“这些火鸡面太辣，可能会引发健康问题。”

The company said the same noodles are exported worldwide but it was the first time they were ordered to recall them in any market.

该公司表示，同样的火鸡面销往全球各地，但这是首次在某个市场被要求召回这些产品。

“We will closely study local regulations while responding to this recall measure,” the company said.

“我们将仔细研究当地法规，并积极应对这一召回措施，”该公司表示。

Spicy food challenges have been around for years. From local chile pepper eating contests to restaurant walls of fame for those who finished extra hot dishes, people around the world have been daring each other to eat especially fiery foods.

辛辣食品挑战已存在多年。从当地的吃辣椒比赛，到餐厅为吃完超辣菜肴的人设立荣誉墙，世界各地的人们一直在互相挑战吃超辣食物。

In September, a Massachusetts teen with a congenital heart defect who participated in a spicy tortilla chip challenge on social media died from eating a large quantity of chile pepper extract. An autopsy report obtained by The Associated Press showed that the 10^th grader died on Sept. 1, 2023, after eating the Paqui chip as part of the manufacturer's “One Chip Challenge.”

2023年9月，马萨诸塞州一名患有先天性心脏缺陷的青少年在社交媒体上参加了辣味玉米薯片挑战，结果因食用大量辣椒提取物而死亡。美联社获得的一份尸检报告显示，这名10年级的学生是在2023年9月1日吃了 Paqui薯片后死亡的，而该薯片制造商以“One Chip Challenge”（一片薯片挑战）为卖点。

In Denmark, a puzzled consumer reached out to the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration and asked how the instant noodles could be legal, the agency said, after which it had a lab assessing the products and determined the three noodle brands can be harmful to health, instigating the recall.

丹麦兽医和食品管理局表示，一位不解的消费者联系了该机构，询问这些方便面的合规性。该机构随后进行了实验室评估，确定这三种火鸡面可能对健康有害，因此启动了召回措施。

“It is important that parents are aware of the extreme noodle varieties and avoid them, Dammand Nielsen said.

达曼·尼尔森说：“重要的是，家长们要了解这些极辣方便面，避免让孩子食用。”

20240619研究：“混合办公”不影响工作还降低离职率

Study finds hybrid work benefits companies and employees

From: Standford Report

It is one of the most hotly debated topics in today's workplace: Is allowing employees to log in from home a few days a week good for their productivity, careers, and job satisfaction?

在当今职场中，一大热门话题是：允许员工每周居家办公几天是否有助于提高生产力、职业发展和工作满意度？

Nicholas Bloom, a Stanford economist and one of the foremost researchers on work-from-home policies, has uncovered compelling evidence that hybrid schedules are a boon to both employees and their bosses.

斯坦福大学经济学家尼古拉斯·布鲁姆（Nicholas Bloom）是居家办公政策方面最权威的研究者之一，他发现了有力证据，表明混合工作制对员工和老板都有好处。

In a study, newly published in the journal Nature, of an experiment on more than 1,600 workers at Trip.com – a Chinese company that is one of the world's largest online travel agencies – Bloom finds that employees who work from home for two days a week are just as productive and as likely to be promoted as their fully office-based peers.

最新发表在《自然》（Nature）杂志上的一项研究对全球最大在线旅行社之一、中国携程公司的1600多名员工进行了实验，布鲁姆发现，每周居家办公两天的员工与每天到办公室工作的员工同样高效，且晋升机会也相当。

On a third key measure, employee turnover, the results were also encouraging. Resignations fell by 33% among workers who shifted from working full-time in the office to a hybrid schedule. Women, non-managers, and employees with long commutes were the least likely to quit their jobs when their treks to the office were cut to three days a week. Trip.com estimates that reduced attrition saved the company millions of dollars.

在第三个关键指标——员工离职率上，结果同样令人鼓舞。从每天到办公室工作转变为混合工作制的员工辞职率下降了 33%，尤其是女性、非管理人员和通勤时间较长的员工，辞职的可能性更低。携程公司估计，这种降低离职率的做法为公司节省了数百万美元。

“The results are clear: Hybrid work is a win-win-win for employee productivity, performance, and retention,” says Bloom, who is the William D. Eberle Professor of Economics at the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences and also a senior fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR).

“结果很明确：混合工作制在提高生产力、绩效和员工留任率方面是三赢，”布鲁姆说。他是斯坦福大学人文与科学学院威廉依贝尔经济学教授，也是斯坦福经济政策研究所（SIEPR）高级研究员。

The findings are especially significant given that, by Bloom's count, about 100 million workers worldwide now spend a mix of days at home and in the office each week, more than four years after COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns upended how and where people do their jobs. Many of these hybrid workers are lawyers, accountants, marketers, software engineers, and others with a college degree or higher.

根据布鲁姆的统计，自从疫情改变了人们的工作方式和地点，四年多以来，全球约有1亿员工采用了混合工作制，其中许多是律师、会计师、营销人员、软件工程师和其他拥有本科或更高学历的人，因此这些研究发现尤为重要。

Over time, though, working outside the office has come under attack from high-profile business leaders like Elon Musk, the head of Tesla, SpaceX, and X (formerly Twitter), and Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan Chase, who argue that the costs of remote work outweigh any benefits. Opponents say that employee training and mentoring, innovation, and company culture suffer when workers are not on-site five days a week.

然而，随着时间的推移，远程工作受到了像特斯拉、SpaceX和X（前身为Twitter）老板埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）和摩根大通（JPMorgan Chase）首席执行官杰米·戴蒙（Jamie Dimon）等知名商业领袖的批评，他们认为远程工作的成本超过了其收益。反对者表示，如果员工每周5天不在办公室工作，员工培训和指导、创新以及公司文化都会受到影响。

Blooms says that critics often confuse hybrid for fully remote, in part because most of the research into working from home has focused on workers who aren't required to come into an office and on a specific type of job, like customer support or data entry. The results of these studies have been mixed, though they tend to skew negative. This suggests to Bloom that problems with fully remote work arise when it's not managed well.

布鲁姆指出，批评者常常将混合工作制和完全远程办公混为一谈，部分原因是对居家办公的研究大多集中在不需要到办公室工作的员工和特定类型的工作上，比如客户支持或数据录入。这些研究的结果好坏参半，但往往偏向负面。这表明，如果管理不善，完全远程工作就会出现问题。

As one of the few randomized control trials to analyze hybrid arrangements – where workers are offsite two or three days a week and are in the office the rest of the time – Bloom says his findings offer important lessons for other multinationals, many of which share similarities with Trip.com.

作为少数几个分析混合工作制的随机对照试验之一（员工每周有两到三天不在办公室工作，其余时间在办公室工作），布鲁姆说，他的研究结果为其他跨国公司提供了重要的借鉴，许多公司与携程公司有相似之处。

“This study offers powerful evidence for why 80% of U.S. companies now offer some form of remote work,” Bloom says, “and for why the remaining 20% of firms that don't are likely paying a price.”

“这项研究有力地证明了为什么80%的美国公司现在都采取某种形式的远程工作，”布鲁姆说。“也说明了为什么剩下的20%不采取远程办公举措的公司可能要付出代价。”

The research is also the largest to date of hybrid work involving university-trained professionals that rely on the gold standard in research, the randomized controlled trial. This allowed Bloom and his co-authors to show that the benefits they identified resulted from Trip.com's hybrid experiment and not something else.

这项研究也是迄今为止最大规模的混合工作制研究之一，涉及受高等教育的专业人员，并采用了随机对照试验这一研究的“黄金标准”。布鲁姆和他的共同作者能够证明，他们所发现的好处是由于携程的混合工作制实验所带来的，而非其他因素带来。

20240620韩国会消失吗？

Is South Korea Disappearing?

From: The New York Times

For some time now, South Korea has been a striking case study in the depopulation problem that hangs over the developed world. Almost all rich countries have seen their birthrates settle below replacement level, but usually that means somewhere in the neighborhood of 1.5 children per woman. For instance in 2021 the United States stood at 1.7, France at 1.8, Italy at 1.3 and Canada at 1.4.

在困扰发达国家的人口衰减问题上，韩国成为突出案例已有一段时间了。几乎所有富裕国家的生育率都低于更替水平，但每名女性平均生育1.5名子女是比较常见的情况。比如在2021年，美国生育率为1.7，法国为1.8，意大利为1.3，加拿大为1.4。

But South Korea is distinctive in that it slipped into below-replacement territory in the 1980s but lately has been falling even more — dropping below one child per woman in 2018, to 0.8 after the pandemic, and now, in provisional data for both the second and third quarters of 2023, to just 0.7 births per woman.

韩国的不同之处在于，它在上世纪80年代就已经下滑到更替水平以下，但近年的下滑更为严重——2018年每名女性就生育不到一名子女，疫情后降至0.8人，而从2023年第二和第三季度的初步数据来看，韩国每名女性如今仅生育0.7人。

It's worth unpacking what that means. A country that sustained a birthrate at that level would have, for every 200 people in one generation, 70 people in the next one, a depopulation exceeding what the Black Death delivered to Europe in the 14^th century. Run the experiment through a second generational turnover, and your original 200-person population falls below 25. Run it again, and you're nearing the kind of population crash caused by the fictional superflu in Stephen King's “The Stand.”

我们应对这一现状进行深入剖析。如果一个国家的出生率维持在这样的水平，那就意味着这一代中的200人到下一代只会剩下70人，这比14世纪黑死病在欧洲造成的人口锐减还要厉害。当把这70人的一代再来一轮更替，原来的200人只剩下不到25人。再来一轮，差不多就是斯蒂芬·金在小说《末日逼近》（The Stand）里虚构的超级流感来袭时人口崩溃的场面了。

By the standards of newspaper columnists I am a low-birthrate alarmist, but in some ways I consider myself an optimist. Just as the overpopulation panic of the 1960s and 1970s mistakenly assumed that trends would simply continue upward without adaptation, I suspect a deep pessimism about the downward trajectory of birthrates — the kind that imagines a 22^nd-century America dominated by the Amish, say — underrates human adaptability, the extent to which populations that flourish amid population decline will model a higher-fertility future and attract converts over time.

按照报纸专栏作家的标准，我算是低生育率问题上的杞人忧天者。但在某些方面，我觉得自己还是个乐观主义者。就像在上世纪六七十年代人口过剩的恐慌曾经造成这样一种误解，即过剩趋势只会继续上升而不会有任何改变，我认为对出生率下降趋势的极度悲观情绪——比如预测22世纪的美国将由阿米什人主宰——低估了人的适应能力，低估了在人口衰减过程中繁衍下来的人类将如何塑造生育率更高的未来，并逐渐吸引更多人决定生育。

In that spirit of optimism, I don't actually think the South Korean birthrate will stay this low for decades, or that its population will drop from today's roughly 51 million to the single-digit millions that my thought experiment suggests.

本着此种乐观精神，我实际上并不认为韩国生育率会在几十年内都如此之低，也不认为其人口将从今天的近5100万锐减到我此前推断的几百万人。

But I do believe the estimates that project a plunge to fewer than 35 million people by the late 2060s — and that decline alone may be enough to thrust Korean society into crisis.

但我确实相信，到本世纪60年代末，韩国人口将降至不到3500万人，光是这样的跌幅就足以令韩国社会陷入危机了。

There will be a choice between accepting steep economic decline as the age pyramid rapidly inverts, or trying to welcome immigrants on a scale far beyond the numbers that are already destabilizing Western Europe. There will be inevitable abandonment of the elderly, vast ghost towns and ruined high rises, and emigration by young people who see no future as custodians of a retirement community. And at some point there will quite possibly be an invasion from North Korea (current fertility rate: 1.8), if its southern neighbor struggles to keep a capable army in the field.

韩国将面临一个选择：要么忍受随着年龄结构迅速倒转而引发的经济崩溃；要么尝试接纳规模远超西欧的移民（西欧移民已经造成社会不稳）。不可避免将会出现的是，老年人被遗弃，大片的鬼城和破败的高楼大厦，以及年轻人纷纷移民，因为他们看不到负担一个国家的退休老人有何未来可言。而且，如果韩国难以维持一支有作战能力的军队，它很可能将在某一刻被朝鲜（目前生育率1.8）入侵。

For the rest of the world, meanwhile, the South Korean example demonstrates that the birth dearth can get much worse much faster than the general trend in rich countries so far.

与此同时，对世界各国来说，韩国的案例表明，富裕国家当下的低生育率趋势是可能以更快的速度恶化的。

The current trend in South Korea is more than just a grim surprise. It's a warning about what's possible for us.

韩国眼下的趋势并不只是一场前景堪忧的意外。那是对我们可能面临的未来的一种警告。

20240621人要不要all in做任何事情

Why Multitasking Is Bad for You

From: TIME

For nearly all people, in nearly all situations, multitasking is impossible. When we think we're multitasking, most often we aren't really doing two things at once – but instead, individual actions in rapid succession.

对于绝大多数人来说，一心多用几乎是不可能的。当我们认为自己在进行多任务处理时，多数情况下我们并不是真的同时在完成两项任务，而只是快速地在单项任务之间切换。

The neuroscience is clear: We are wired to be mono-taskers. One study found that just 2.5% of people are able to multitask effectively. And when the rest of us attempt to do two complex activities simultaneously, it is simply an illusion.

神经科学清楚地表明：我们天生就是单任务主义者。一项研究发现，只有2.5%的人能够有效地同时处理多项任务。而大多数人试图同时进行两项复杂任务时，其实是在自欺欺人。

We know what you're thinking: Who cares? Multitasking. Mono-tasking. It's all just semantics, right?

你可能会想：谁在乎呢？多任务处理和单任务处理，不都只是说法问题吗？

Wrong.

并不是这样。

Trying more than one thing at a time — especially anything potentially dangerous, like texting while driving — seriously compromises our ability to complete the tasks safely and well. Equally important, repeatedly switching back and forth from project to project, like a hummingbird darting from flower to flower and then back to the original flower, can impair our ability to function at our finest.

尝试同时做多件事情，尤其是像边开车边发短信这样有潜在危险的事情，会严重影响我们安全且高效地完成任务。同样重要的是，反复在不同任务之间来回切换，就像蜂鸟从一朵花飞到另一朵花，然后又飞回原来的那朵花一样，会削弱我们的最佳工作状态。

Remember this the next time you're tackling two tough tasks simultaneously.

下次你同时处理两项难事时，请记住这一点。

While we should strive to center on singular tasks, we have technological devices and resources that foster the multitasking myth. Smartphone in hand, earbuds in place, we feel empowered to tackle the day's assignments all at once or to stay connected constantly.

虽然我们应该努力专注于单一任务，但我们拥有的电子设备和资源却助长了多任务处理的神话。手持智能手机，戴着耳机，我们觉得自己有能力一次性完成当天所有任务，或者时刻保持联系。

The concern among neuroscientists studying the workings of the brain is that our tendency to divide our attention, rather than focus, is hampering our ability to perform even simple tasks. This can have an extremely negative impact on:

研究大脑工作原理的神经科学家担心，我们倾向于分散注意力，而不是集中注意力，会妨碍我们完成简单任务的能力。这会对以下方面产生极其负面的影响：

Attentiveness. Those regulations against using your cell phone while driving are based on scientific data. Dual tasking (doing a linguistic or auditory task during a driving simulation) is associated with reduced activity in regions of the brain important for attention, as well as poorer driving performance. Several studies have proposed that individuals who are heavy media multitaskers adopt a style of attention control that favors parallel processing of multiple information sources over focus on one primary task. Another study compared the performances of heavy versus light media multitaskers. Surprisingly, heavy media multitaskers performed worse on tests of task-switching ability, possibly due to greater difficulties filtering out irrelevant information.

注意力。禁止在开车时使用手机的规定是有科学依据的。在驾驶模拟过程中进行语言或听觉任务的双重任务处理，会导致大脑中与注意力相关的区域活动减少，同时驾驶表现也会变差。有几项研究提出，重度媒体多任务处理者的注意力控制方式倾向于并行处理多个信息源，而不是专注于一项主要任务。另一项研究比较了重度媒体多任务者和轻度媒体多任务者的表现。令人惊讶的是，重度媒体多任务者在任务切换能力测试中表现较差，这可能是由于他们更难过滤掉无关信息。

Learning. A 1700s adage states: “There is time enough for everything in the course of the day, if you do but one thing at once. But there is not enough in the year, if you will do two things at a time.” In essence, the more we multitask the less we are able to accomplish, because we slowly lose our ability to focus enough to learn. Attention is essential to learning. If we attempt from an early age to multitask constantly, we do not practice how to tune out the rest of the world, to engage in deeper processing and learning. Empirical research has demonstrated that multitasking with technology (such as texting, listening to music, checking emails) negatively impacts studying, doing homework, learning and grades.

学习。18世纪有一句谚语是这么说的：“如果你一次只做一件事，一天的时间足够了。但如果你同时做两件事，一年都不够。”本质上，我们越是多任务处理，就越难完成任务，因为我们逐渐失去专注学习的能力。注意力对学习至关重要。如果我们从小就试图不断地处理多项任务，我们就无法练习如何屏蔽外界，进行深入处理和学习。实证研究表明，利用科技进行多任务处理（比如发短信、听音乐、查收邮件）会对学习、做作业、学习和成绩产生负面影响。

Mindfulness. Those who are mindful are able to do more than just pay attention; they do so on purpose, in the present moment and non-judgmentally. This is perhaps the most advanced form of attentiveness, and it can result in decision-making made in a stress-free and less reactive environment. Indeed, many therapies based on mindfulness assist patients suffering from depression, anxiety, chronic pain, substance abuse, ADHD and other conditions.

正念。那些具有正念的人不仅能够专注，而且能够有意地在当下、不加评判地保持专注。这也许是保持注意力的最高级形式，它能让人在没有压力、反应性较低的环境中做出决策。事实上，许多基于正念的疗法都能帮助抑郁症、焦虑症、慢性疼痛、药物滥用、多动症等疾病的患者。

To isolate out of the multitasking world brings many benefits, in all walks of life and in any setting, including the workplace. It certainly has been an essential aspect of our careers.

在包括工作场所在内的各行各业和任何环境中，从多任务世界中脱离出来都会带来很多好处。当然，这无疑是我们职业生涯中的一个重要方面。

20240622费德勒寄语2024届毕业生：生活比球场重要

Roger Federer Gave a Moving Graduation Speech at Dartmouth

From: Town & Country Magazine

Roger Federer gave a humorous, yet poignant commencement address on Sunday to the graduating class of 2024.

周日，罗杰·费德勒（Roger Federer）向2024届毕业生发表了幽默而又感人的毕业致辞。

Although the Swiss athlete was taken out of high school at age 16 to focus on tennis, and although this is his second time to "ever set foot on a college campus," Federer received the honor of a Doctor of Humane Letters degree from Dartmouth. Accordingly, the ex-professional tennis player laughed at the idea of naming himself "Dr. Roger."

尽管这位瑞士运动员在16岁时就辍学，专注于网球，并且这是他第二次“踏入大学校园”，但费德勒还是获得了达特茅斯大学颁发的人文文学荣誉博士学位。因此，这位前职业网球运动员笑称自己是“罗杰博士”。

Federer began his commencement address by lightening the atmosphere, joking about the uncomfortable material of the graduation regalia and asking the students to "keep in mind" that he has "worn shorts almost every day for the last 35 years."

费德勒在毕业典礼致辞中以轻松的气氛开场，他拿毕业礼服材质不舒服开玩笑，并请学生们“记住”他“在过去的35年里几乎每天都穿短裤”。

In his speech, Federer spoke about how college graduation parallels his experience to "graduating tennis." The 20-time Grand Slam winner spoke about strongly disliking the word "retired"—we wouldn't speak of college graduation as retirement, he argued, and so the same shouldn't be said of tennis. Since Federer "graduated tennis" in 2022, he has embraced three essential tennis lessons and applied them to his life, and he shared them with Dartmouth's Class of 2024:

在演讲中，费德勒谈到大学毕业与他“网球毕业”的经历有相似之处。这位20次大满贯得主表示非常不喜欢“退役”这个词——他认为，我们不会把大学毕业说成是退役，所以网球也不应该这样说。自2022年费德勒“网球毕业”以来，他领悟了三条重要的网球经验，并将它们应用到自己的生活中，他在演讲中与达特茅斯2024届毕业生分享了这些经验：

1. "Effortless" is a myth. “毫不费力”是个假象。

Federer's tennis may look effortless, but there are myriads of effort behind the technique and discipline. In other words, he says, "effortless is a myth." Talent is important too, he contends, but talent means many things—it means discipline, patience, self-trust, love for the process, and being able to manage your life—all those attributes count as talent. "Some people are born with them. Everybody has to work at them," Federer declares. Dartmouth alumni may look effortlessly accomplished, but Federer insists the graduates understand the effort they have put into arriving at this moment.

费德勒打网球也许看起来毫不费力，但在技术和自律的背后付出了无数的努力。换句话说，他说，“毫不费力是个假象。”他认为，天赋也很重要，但天赋意味着很多东西——意味着自律、耐心、自信、对过程的热爱以及能够管理好自己的生活——所有这些品质都算作天赋。费德勒宣称：“有些人天生就有这些品质。每个人都需要努力。”达特茅斯校友可能看起来毫不费力就取得了成就，但费德勒坚持认为，毕业生们应该明白他们为了这一刻的到来所付出的努力。

1. It's only a point. 只是一分而已。

Even though he won frequently, Federer has dealt with loss. Tennis is simple in that manner: one player wins, and the other "gets back on a plane, stares out of the window," and contemplates how they lost. Although Federer won almost 80% of all matches he played during his tennis career, he won only 54% of the points. Loss and defeat is essential, he tells the graduates, the important lesson is to move on and focus on the future. "You accept it. Cry it out if you need to... then force a smile."

尽管费德勒经常获胜，但他也经历过失利。网球比赛就是这样简单：一方获胜，另一方则“登上飞机，望着窗外”，反思自己是如何输掉比赛的。在费德勒的网球生涯中，虽然他赢得了近80%的比赛，但他只赢得了54%的分数。他告诉毕业生们，失利和挫折是必不可少的，重要的一课是向前看，着眼于未来。“你要接受它。如果需要，就哭出来......然后强打精神，微笑面对。”

1. Life is bigger than the court. 生活比球场更重要。

Federer explains that when he was just starting out, he understood that tennis was only a component of his life. Living a rewarding life that includes family, friendships, culture, and travel is a lifelong necessity. Federer tried to never forget this essential lesson: "I knew that tennis could show me the world... but tennis could never be the world."

费德勒解释说，当他刚刚起步时，他就明白网球只是他生活的一部分。过上包括家庭、友谊、文化和旅行在内的充实生活，是终身必需的。费德勒试图永远铭记这重要的一课：“我知道网球可以让我看到世界……但网球永远不会成为整个世界。”

Federer emphasizes the same goes for any college graduate, or person at all, telling them that they must never take for granted how much effort it took for their communities to shape them. "And more important, that we are here for each other every day," he reminds the graduates.

费德勒强调，对于任何大学毕业生或任何一个人来说，都是同样的道理。他告诉毕业生们，绝不能忘记他们的群体为培养他们所付出的巨大努力。他提醒毕业生说：“更重要的是，我们每天都要互相支持。”

The retired tennis player adds that when one is given an opportunity—such as graduating from an Ivy League school—one has a duty to give and make a difference, in their own way.

这位退役网球运动员还说，当一个人获得机会，比如从常春藤盟校毕业，他就有责任以自己的方式做出改变，贡献力量。

"All of you have so much to give," he says, "and I hope you will find your own, unique ways to make a difference."

“你们每个人都有很多东西可以奉献，”他说。“我希望你们能找到自己独特的方式有所作为。”

His remarks were wise, earnest, and moving. Even from his position as a celebrity and record-breaker tennis player, he is sincere in his gratitude: "Dartmouth, this has been an incredible honor for me." And, he adds, do not forget the most important lesson of all: "And most of all, be kind to one another... and have fun out there."

他的讲话睿智、真诚、感人。即使身为名人和破纪录的网球运动员，他也真诚地表达了自己的感激之情：“达特茅斯，这是我莫大的荣幸。”他还说，不要忘记最重要的一课：“最重要的是，要善待彼此......毕业快乐。”

20240623建议尽量在晚9点前睡觉？

There is a perfect time to shower – and it's not when you think

From: The Guardian, 26 Mar 2024

In the data-driven, optimisation-obsessed corner of the internet, everything has its optimal moment, and washing is no exception.

在这个数据驱动、优化至上的互联网世界里，任何事物都有它的最佳时间，洗澡也不例外。

One of my favourite things to do in my middle age is lie on the sofa eating crisps while Googling low-effort ways to optimise my life.

人到中年，我最喜欢做的事情之一就是躺在沙发上一边吃薯片，一边上网搜索低成本优化生活的方法。

Thanks to data-driven obsessives online, I have discovered that there is an optimal time at which to do everything. Exercising in the afternoon, for example, may reduce the risks of early death more than a morning or evening workout. Delaying your morning coffee until two hours after waking improves cognition and energy, according to Andrew Huberman, a controversial neurobiologist and podcaster who has developed a cult following for his health and fitness “protocols”. As for the best time to have a shower? I'm glad you asked. I have done extensive research on the matter – and it's complicated.

多亏了网上那些数据驱动的痴迷者，我发现做任何事情都有一个最佳时间。例如，下午锻炼比早上或晚上锻炼更能降低早逝的风险。安德鲁·休伯曼（Andrew Huberman）是一位备受争议的神经生物学家和播客主持人，他的健康和健身“方案”受到了很多人的追捧。他表示，早晨醒来两小时后再喝咖啡可以提高认知能力和精力至于洗澡的最佳时间？至于洗澡的最佳时间？很高兴你问了这个问题。我对这个问题进行了广泛研究——这很复杂。

Like the orientation of toilet paper, shower times are surprisingly divisive. One group swears you need a morning shower to make the most of your day. The evening team, on the other hand, holds that anyone who doesn't wash before bed is a grimy heathen whose sheets are besmirched by filth. Some people – compromisers – suggest you can get the best of both worlds by abluting twice a day. An equally passionate camp warns that this will dry out your skin and hike up your water bill. According to one poll, there is a gendered aspect to this divide: men are more likely to wash in the morning than women.

就像卫生纸的方向一样，洗澡时间也出奇地有争议。有一派人信誓旦旦地说，你要在早上洗澡，这样才能充分利用一天的时间。而晚上洗澡派则认为，睡前不洗澡的人都是肮脏的，他们的床单也会因此变脏。有些人——折衷派——建议每天洗两次澡，两全其美。同样热情的阵营则警告说，这样做会使皮肤干燥，水费也会增加。一项民意调查显示，这种分歧存在性别方面：男性比女性更倾向于早上洗脸。同样坚持己见的另一派则警告说，这将使你的皮肤干燥，并增加水费。根据一项民意调查，这一分歧还存在性别差异：男性比女性更倾向于早晨洗澡。

Do scientists have a definitive answer to this question? I'm afraid not. The consensus seems to be: do whatever suits you best. That said, there are some no-nos. One “health and wellness” expert said on the website Bustle: “There are few benefits to showering in the middle of the day … in terms of hygiene, it's practically irrelevant.”

科学家对此有明确答案吗？恐怕没有。大家的共识似乎是：选择最适合自己的。不过，有些时间确实不太适合。一位“健康和保健”专家在Bustle网站上说“中午洗澡几乎没什么好处......就卫生而言，这实际上无关紧要。”

As a freelancer who works at home and frequently showers in the middle of the day, I take serious offence at this. The midday shower is criminally underrated. It relaxes you after a morning of work and gives you a little energy boost just as the afternoon lull is about to set in. And it's an excellent way to procrastinate.

作为一个在家工作的自由职业者，我经常在中午洗澡，对此深感不满。中午洗澡的好处被严重低估了。经过一上午的工作，它能让你放松下来，并在下午疲倦期到来时给你一点能量的补充。而且这也是拖延时间的绝佳方式。

20240624选什么专业比较吃香

College is still worth it, research finds — although these majors have the lowest rate of return

From: CNBC, MAR 14 2024

For decades, research has showed that earning a degree is almost always worthwhile.

几十年来，研究表明，获得学位几乎总是值得的。

Recent college graduates working full-time earn $24,000 more a year than those with just a high school diploma, according to newly released data from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

根据纽约联储银行最新公布的数据，全职工作的应届大学毕业生比只有高中文凭的人年收入多2.4万美元。

Additionally, finishing college puts workers on track to earn a median of $2.8 million over their lifetime, compared with $1.6 million if they only had a high school degree, according to “The College Payoff,” a report from the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce.

此外，根据乔治城大学教育与就业中心（Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce）的《大学回报》（The College Payoff）报告，大学毕业的员工其一生收入中位数为280万美元，而只有高中文凭的员工则为160万美元。

In general, bachelor's degree holders earn 75% more over their career, the report found — and, in many cases, the higher the level of educational attainment, the larger the payoff.

报告发现，总体而言，拥有学士学位的人在其职业生涯中的收入要高出75%，而且在很多情况下，受教育程度越高，回报越大。

However, a lot still depends on the choice of major, research also shows.

然而，研究还表明，这在很大程度上取决于专业的选择。

College majors with the highest and lowest return 回报率最高和最低的大学专业

A recent study published in the American Educational Research Journal found that engineering and computer science majors provide the highest returns in lifetime earnings, followed by business, health, and math and science majors. Education and humanities majors and arts majors had the lowest returns of the 10 fields of study considered.

最近发表在《美国教育研究杂志》（American Educational Research Journal）上的一项研究发现，工程学和计算机科学专业的终身收入回报率最高，其次是商科、卫生、数学和科学专业。教育和人文专业以及艺术专业在所研究的10个专业中回报率最低。

“Our cost-benefit analysis finds that on average a college degree offers better returns than the stock market,” said Liang Zhang, a professor of higher education at the New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development and co-author of the study. “However, there are significant differences across college majors.”

“我们的成本效益分析发现，平均而言，大学学历的回报率要高于股票市场。”纽约大学史丹赫文化教育和人类发展学院高等教育教授、本研究的共同作者张亮（Liang Zhang，音译）说。“不过，不同专业之间存在显著差异。”

Overall, the researchers found that the benefits of higher education have held up, even as enrollment has declined and the labor market outcomes for those without a college degree have improved, Zhang said.

张教授指出，总体而言，研究人员发现，即使入学率下降且没有大学学历的人就业状况有所改善，高等教育的好处依然存在。

The analysis took into account wage differentials between college and high school graduates as well as other factors, including tuition and financial aid and the opportunity cost of deferring full-time entry into the workplace.

该分析考虑了大学毕业生和高中毕业生之间的工资差异以及其他因素，包括学费和助学金以及推迟全职工作的机会成本。

Students who pursue a major specifically in science, technology, engineering and math — collectively known as STEM disciplines — are projected to earn the most overall, the Georgetown Center also found.

乔治城大学教育与就业中心还发现，攻读科学、技术、工程和数学专业（统称STEM专业）的学生预计总收入最高。

In addition to STEM, health and business majors are among the highest-paying, leading to average annual wages that are higher at the entry level and significantly greater over the course of a career compared with liberal arts and humanities majors.

除STEM专业外，卫生和商科也是收入最高的专业之一，与文科专业相比，其起薪较高，整个职业生涯的平均年收入也明显更高。

For workers with a bachelor's degree, education was the lowest-earning field of study, followed by psychology and social work, and the arts.

对于拥有学士学位的员工来说，教育是收入最低的专业，其次是心理学和社会工作以及艺术。

“Students need professional guidance on the economic outcomes of college and career pathways before they make one of the biggest decisions of their lives,” Ban Cheah, a senior economist at the Center on Education and the Workforce and co-author of the report, said in a statement.

乔治城大学教育与就业中心高级经济学家、该报告的共同作者班·切亚（Ban Cheah）在声明中说：“学生在做出人生中最重要的决定之一前，需要得到专业指导了解大学教育和职业发展道路的经济回报。”

Students question the value of college 学生质疑大学价值

Between the sky-high cost and student loan burden, more students are taking a closer look at college's return on investment.

在高昂的学费和学生贷款负担之间，越来越多的学生开始仔细审视大学投资回报率。

Most Americans still agree that a college education is worthwhile when it comes to career goals and advancement. However, only half think the economic benefits outweigh the costs, according to a report by Public Agenda, USA Today and Hidden Common Ground — and young adults are particularly skeptical.

大多数美国人仍然认为，就职业目标和晋升而言，大学教育是值得的。然而，根据《公共议程》（Public Agenda）、《今日美国》（USA Today）和《隐秘共同基础》（Hidden Common Ground）的报告，只有一半的人认为经济收益大于成本，而年轻人尤其对此持怀疑态度。

The rising cost of college and ballooning student loan balances have played a large role in changing views about the higher education system, which many think is rigged to benefit the wealthy, the report found.

报告发现，大学费用上涨及学生贷款未偿还金额激增在很大程度上改变了人们对高等教育体系的看法，许多人认为高等教育体系是为富人服务的。

Now only 45% of students from low-income, first-generation or minority backgrounds believe education after high school is necessary, according to a separate study by ECMC Group.

根据ECMC集团的另一项研究，现在只有45%的低收入、第一代或少数族裔背景的学生认为高中毕业后的教育是必要的。

20240625city不city啊

China's visa-free moves a hit with Southeast Asian tourists

From: CNA

Visiting snow-capped mountains, scenic lakes and deep gorges is all in a day's work for He Quan.

游览白雪皑皑的高山、风景秀丽的湖泊和深谷，是何全（He Quan，音译）的日常工作。

The 35-year-old private driver based in the city of Lijiang in Yunnan plies his trade eight hours a day, ferrying passengers around the Chinese province's key attractions. He did not want to disclose his earnings but CNA understands each trip ranges from 150 yuan to 1,000 yuan (US$21 to US$140).

这位35岁的私人司机居住在中国云南省丽江市，每天工作8小时，接送游客游览省内主要景点。他不愿透露自己的收入，但据亚洲新闻台（CNA）了解，每次行程收费从150元到1000元（21美元到140美元）不等。

His sole clients were domestic travellers just six months back. But a different clientele has emerged - now, four to five times a month, his services are engaged by Chinese-speaking tourists from Southeast Asia, specifically Singapore and Malaysia.

半年前，他的客户都是国内游客。但现在有了不同的客户群——他每月要接待四到五次来自东南亚，特别是新加坡和马来西亚讲中文的游客。

Although the new clientele still makes up less than 10 per cent of his overall business, Mr He welcomes the additional income.

虽然新客户群在他整体业务中所占比例仍不到10%，但何先生很开心有额外收入。

“As tourism sector workers, we don't just focus on domestic tourists; we also need to interact with foreign guests,” he said. “This helps expand our customer base.”

“作为旅游业从业者，我们不仅关注国内游客，还要与外国游客交流，”他说，“这有助于扩大我们的客户群。”

Mr He added that his Singapore and Malaysia passengers often share their experiences on social media platforms like Xiaohongshu, boosting publicity and attracting more business.

何先生补充说，他的新加坡和马来西亚客户经常在小红书等社交媒体平台上分享他们的体验，从而提高了知名度，吸引了更多生意。

China has recorded a surge in foreign arrivals recently. The resumption and expansion of visa-free policies have been key as they have streamlined the travel process, according to analysts.

最近，中国迎来了大量外国游客。分析人士认为，恢复和扩大免签政策是关键，这些政策简化了出游手续。

Nearly two million foreigners entered China visa-free in the first quarter of the year, up by more than two and a half times compared to the same period on-year, according to data from the National Immigration Administration. Tourism accounted for over 30 per cent of these visits.

根据中国国家移民管理局的数据，今年第一季度有近200万外国人免签进入中国，与去年同期相比增长逾2.5倍。其中，旅游出行占30%以上。

Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, the three Southeast Asian states were the largest source countries for visitors to China's mainland in the first five months of the year, according to international online travel agency Trip.com. Germany and France rounded off the top five list.

国际在线旅行社携程（Trip.com）的数据显示，今年前五个月，马来西亚、新加坡和泰国这三个东南亚国家是到访中国大陆的最大客源国。其次是德国和法国。

“In the same period, the number of travel bookings from Thailand skyrocketed by more than 14 times compared to the same period last year. Visitors from Malaysia and Singapore also grew rapidly, by almost 10 times and some 5.7 times respectively,” Mr Edmund Ong, general manager of Trip.com Singapore, told CNA.

“同期，来自泰国的旅游预订量与去年同期相比飙升了14倍多。来自马来西亚和新加坡的游客也增长迅速，分别增长了近10倍和约5.7倍，”携程新加坡公司总经理Edmund Ong在接受CNA采访时表示。

Professor Sam Huang, the China tourism specialist, attributes this to the geographic and cultural proximity between Southeast Asian countries and China.

中国旅游专家、澳大利亚埃迪斯科文大学（Edith Cowan University）旅游与服务营销研究型教授黄松山（Sam Huang）认为，这归功于东南亚国家与中国在地理和文化上的接近。

“Visa-free policies can have a stronger effect on people in these countries than those in distant European countries”, said the research professor in tourism and services marketing at Australia's Edith Cowan University.

黄教授表示：“与遥远的欧洲国家相比，免签政策可能对这些国家的人们产生更大的影响。”

With its picturesque scenery and relatively closer proximity as opposed to the rest of China, Yunnan has emerged as a top travel pick for Southeast Asian tourists.

云南风景如画，相比中国其他地区，距离较近，已成为东南亚游客的首选旅游目的地。

Chan Brothers Travel, a Singapore travel agency, told CNA that Yunnan is a popular destination within China for Singaporean travellers, along with other places like Zhangjiajie and Jiuzhai Valley. The company observed an over two-times increase in trips to China for the first six months of the year, compared to the same period in 2019.

新加坡曾兄弟旅行社（Chan Brothers Travel）在接受CNA采访时表示，云南是新加坡旅客在中国的热门目的地之一，还有其他地方如张家界和九寨沟。据该公司观察，与2019年同期相比，今年上半年前往中国的游客增长了两倍多。

Overall for foreign tourists, Trip.com statistics show that major cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, known colloquially as “Bei Shang Guang Shen”, remain the most popular destinations in China. Qingdao in eastern Shandong province came in fifth.

携程统计数据显示，总体而言，北京、上海、广州和深圳（俗称“北上广深”）等大城市仍然是中国最受外国游客欢迎的旅游目的地。山东省东部的青岛位列第五。

As China rolls out the visa-free welcome mat to more foreigners, the country has been taking steps to ensure smooth travel within its borders.

随着中国向更多国家推出免签政策，中国也一直在采取措施确保外国人在中国出行的顺畅。

Since November last year, train ticket services for international travellers have been enhanced. They can now verify personal information online via China Railway's official ticketing platform, called 12306, using details like names, nationalities, and passport IDs.

自去年11月起，中国优化了对外籍旅客的火车票服务。现在，外籍旅客可以通过中国铁路官方售票平台12306，根据姓名、国籍和护照证件号码等详细信息，完成在线身份核验。

Previously, foreign passengers purchasing tickets online had to present their original passports at the railway station counter to verify their personal particulars.

此前，外籍旅客在线购买火车票后需持护照原件到铁路车站窗口核验身份信息。

Alipay and WeChat Pay also support payments from users of 13 international online wallets for transactions within China.

支付宝和微信支付还支持13款境外电子钱包用户在中国进行支付。

20240626英语还值不值得作为专业学四年

AI could make it less necessary to learn foreign languages

From: The Economist

On holiday, many will find themselves in places where they do not speak the language. Once upon a time, they might have carried a phrasebook. The rise of English has made that less necessary. But most people—at least seven of the world's eight billion—still do not speak English. That leaves options like pantomime, a willingness to be surprised by what arrives at dinner—or, increasingly, technology.

度假时，许多人会发现自己身处语言不通的地方。以前，他们可能会随身携带一本常用语手册。随着英语的普及，这种做法已不再必要。但大多数人——全世界80亿人中至少有70亿人——仍然不会说英语。这时，手势比划、期待上菜时的惊喜，或是日益依赖科技，就成为了沟通的主要手段。

More and more people are using simple, free tools, not only to decode text but also to speak. With these apps' conversation mode, you talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later; the app can also listen for another language and produce a translation in yours.

现在，越来越多的人使用简单、免费的工具，不仅能翻译文字，还能语音交流。通过这些应用程序的对话模式，你对着手机说话，几秒钟后就能听到语音结果；这些应用程序还能听取另一种语言，并翻译成你的语言。

You may still get a surprise or two. Google Translate may be the best-known name in machine translation, but it often blunders. Take “my wife is gluten-free,” the kind of thing you might say at a restaurant abroad. In French or Italian, Google Translate renders this as “my wife is without gluten”—true to the words rather than the meaning. DeepL, a rival, does better, offering various options, most of them along the correct lines.

尽管如此，你可能仍会遇到一些意外。谷歌翻译（Google Translate）可能是机器翻译中最知名的，但它经常出错。就拿“my wife is gluten-free”（我的妻子不吃含麸质的食品）来说吧，你可能会在国外餐馆说这句话。在法语或意大利语中，谷歌翻译会将这句话翻译成“my wife is without gluten”（我的妻子不含麸质）——虽然字面翻译正确，但意思有偏差。谷歌翻译竞品DeepL做得更好，提供了多个可选翻译结果，其中大部分是正确的。

The best tool may not be a translation app at all. Though not marketed for the purpose, ChatGPT, a generative AI system that churns out prose according to users' prompts, is multilingual. Rather than entering an exact text to translate, users can tell ChatGPT to “write a message in Spanish to a waiter that my wife and I would like the tasting menu, but that she is gluten-free, so we would like substitutions for anything that has gluten.” And out pops a perfect paragraph, including the way Spanish-speakers actually say “my wife is gluten-free”: mi esposa es celíaca. It is a paraphrase rather than a translation, more like having a native-speaking dinner companion than an automated interpreter.

最好的工具可能根本不是翻译应用程序。尽管ChatGPT并不是为了这个目的而推向市场的，但它是一种根据用户提示词生成文本的生成式人工智能系统，支持多语言功能。用户可以告诉ChatGPT：“用西班牙语怎么跟服务员说，我和我妻子想要品尝套餐（tasting menu），但我妻子不吃含麸质的食品，所以我们想要替换掉含麸质的东西。”而不需要输入准确的文本进行翻译。然后就跳出地道的段落，其中包括西班牙语中真正的表达方式：mi esposa es celíaca。这是一种转述而非翻译，更像是有了一个说母语的饭搭子，而不是自动翻译工具。

Travel has long been a motivator for study—unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a dwindling pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a polyglot and polymath writer, has argued that something profound will vanish when people talk through machines. He describes giving a halting, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of accomplishment at the end. Who would boast of taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest?

长期以来，旅行一直是学语言的动力，除非人们开始觉得AI工具提供的服务已经足够好。一些人担心，应用程序正在使语言学习变得逐渐冷淡。通晓多种语言、博学作家道格拉斯·霍夫施塔特（Douglas Hofstadter）认为，当人们通过机器交流时，一些深刻的东西将会消失。他描述了自己用普通话进行的一次磕磕绊绊、困难重重的演讲，虽然需要付出很多努力，但在结束时却带来了成就感。谁会吹嘘自己乘坐直升机登上了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰？

Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanising themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and the spaghetti carbonara without incident (and sometimes without gluten).

其他人则不那么担心。大多数人不会移居国外，也不会持续接触外国文化以至于需要努力使自己的语言变得流利。大多数人学习语言也不是为了提升自我修养或训练大脑。在假期里，他们只想喝杯啤酒，顺顺利利地吃一顿意大利面（有时还要求不含麸质）。

As AI translation becomes an even more popular labour-saving tool, people will split into two groups. There will be those who want to stretch their minds, immerse themselves in other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This lot will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and puzzlement, as they might with extreme endurance sports: “Good for you, if that's your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.”

随着AI翻译成为一种更受欢迎的省力工具，人们将分成两派。一部分人希望开拓思维，沉浸在其他文化中，或迫使自己以新的方式思考问题。这部分人仍然会学习语言，通常会借助技术手段。另一部分人则会像对待极限耐力运动一样，对学习新语言表示既钦佩又不解：“如果你喜欢的话，那很好，但对我来说有点难以接受。”

This is largely an Anglophone problem, since native English-speakers miss out on the benefits of language-learning most acutely. In many countries, including Britain and America, schools' and universities' foreign-language departments have been closing. (The British government recently devoted a modest fund to trying to get more secondary-school pupils to study foreign languages.) In the rest of the rich world, there is one thriving language that people still study: English. And in poorer countries, many people are multilingual as a matter of course; Africans and Indians learn languages because they are surrounded by them.

这主要是英语国家的问题，因为英语母语者最容易错过语言学习的好处。在包括英国和美国在内的许多国家，学校都在关闭外语系。（英国政府最近投入了一笔数额不大的资金，试图让更多的中学生学习外语）。在其他富裕国家，人们仍然在学习一种蓬勃发展的语言，那就是英语。在较贫穷的国家，许多人自然而然地掌握多种语言；非洲人和印度人学习语言是因为他们生活在多语言环境中。

But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analysing the benefits of close relationships to heart-health but overlooking the inherent value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or mangle a joke in halting German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle shading on an argument, that connection is more profound still. The best relationships do not require an intermediary.

但是，如果只关注学习者，就会忽略语言的基本社会性。这有点像分析亲密关系对心脏健康的益处，却忽视了这些联系本身的内在价值。当你试图用蹩脚的日语问路或用支支吾吾的德语讲笑话时，你是在与人直接接触。而当你的语言足够流利，能够恰到好处地讲述故事，或在论述中加入细微的修饰时，这种联系就更加深远了。最好的关系不需要中间人。

20240627英国王室73岁公主意外受伤疑似失忆

Princess Anne, sister of King Charles, suffering memory loss after horse-related concussion: report

From: Fox News

Princess Anne is said to be suffering from memory loss after an accident thought to involve a horse left her with a concussion and minor injuries.

据报道，安妮公主（Princess Anne）在一次事故中受了轻伤并导致脑震荡，目前出现了失忆。该事故可能与马匹有关。

The Telegraph reported that the 73-year-old's memory loss is believed to be temporary. Fox News Digital reached out to Buckingham Palace for comment.

据《每日电讯报》（The Telegraph）报道，73岁的安妮公主应该是暂时性失忆。福克斯数字新闻（Fox News Digital）频道已向白金汉宫求证。

The Princess Royal's husband, Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Laurence, also gave a brief update on Tuesday to well-wishers.

周二，安妮公主的丈夫、海军中将蒂莫西·劳伦斯爵士（Sir Timothy Laurence）也向关心她的人简要介绍了她的最新情况。

"She is recovering well, thank you," said Laurence. "We are both profoundly grateful to the medical team and hospital support staff for their expert care – and to the emergency services who were all so wonderful at the scene."

“她恢复得很好，谢谢你们，”劳伦斯说。“我们都非常感谢医疗团队和医护人员的专业护理，也非常感谢现场的急救人员。”

"We are both deeply touched by all the kind messages we have received from so many people near and far. It means a great deal," he added.

“各地的人们给我们发来了善意的信息，我们深受感动。这对我们意义重大，”他补充道。

On Monday, Buckingham Palace said the sister of King Charles III was admitted to the hospital as a precautionary measure and is expected to make a full recovery. Her injury took place on Sunday while she was walking at her Gatcombe Park estate in southwestern England. The cause of Anne's injuries wasn't clear, but doctors said her injuries were consistent with an impact from a horse's head or legs.

周一，白金汉宫表示，作为预防措施，英国国王查尔斯三世的妹妹被送往医院，预计会完全康复。她是周日在英格兰西南部的加特科姆公园庄园散步时受伤的。受伤原因尚不清楚，但医生说她的伤势与受马头或马腿的撞击一致。

"The king has been kept closely informed and joins the whole royal family in sending his fondest love and well-wishes to the princess for a speedy recovery," the palace said in a statement.

“国王一直密切关注，并与整个王室一起向安妮公主送上最诚挚的爱和祝福，祝她早日康复，”白金汉宫在声明中说。

The accident is the latest health scare to hit the House of Windsor in recent months, with both the king, 75, and Prince William's wife, Kate Middleton, undergoing treatment for cancer. That has strained the royal family's ability to keep up a full slate of public appearances, with Anne and Queen Camilla taking on more engagements as Charles and Kate, 42, took time off to focus on their health.

这起事故是英国王室近几个月来遭遇的又一次健康危机，现年75岁的国王和威廉王子的妻子凯特·米德尔顿（Kate Middleton）都在接受癌症治疗。这使得王室难以维持繁忙的公共活动安排，因此安妮公主和卡米拉王后承担了更多的事务，而查尔斯和42岁的凯特则抽出时间专注于治疗和恢复。

As a result of her injuries, Anne was forced to cancel her appearance at a state dinner in honor of the emperor of Japan on Tuesday, as well as a trip to Canada planned for later in the week.

由于受伤，安妮公主被迫取消出席周二为日本天皇举行的国宴，以及本周晚些时候计划前往加拿大的行程。

The only daughter of the late Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip received praise last year for being the hardest-working member of the royal family.

去年，安妮公主因成为王室中最努力工作的成员而受到赞扬。她是已故英国女王伊丽莎白二世和菲利普亲王的独生女。

Anne is known for her businesslike approach to a busy schedule of public appearances. Anne took part in 457 royal engagements last year, compared with 425 for the king, 172 for William and 123 for Kate, according to statistics compiled by the Daily Telegraph newspaper.

安妮公主以其对高效应对繁忙的公开活动日程而闻名。据《每日电讯报》统计，安妮公主去年参加了457次王室活动，而英国国王为425次，威廉王子为172次，凯特王妃为123次。

The princess, a celebrated equestrian, saddled up for Trooping the Colour on June 15, when she rode alongside Prince William and Prince Edward. A video that went viral on X showed her expertly navigating her horse when it got jittery during the military parade in London.

6月15日，作为备受赞誉的马术运动员，安妮公主与威廉王子和爱德华王子一起骑着马参加皇家阅兵仪式。一个在X上走红的视频显示，在伦敦的阅兵式上，当她的马匹受惊时，她熟练地驾驭着马匹。

"Since most of their lives are spent on horseback – either fox hunting, playing polo or competing in equestrian trials – members of the royal family are no strangers to concussions, sprains and broken bones," Christopher Andersen, author of "The King," previously told Fox News Digital. "Princess Anne… has probably sustained more injuries than any other member of the royal family, with the possible exception of King Charles."

《国王》（The King）一书的作者克里斯托弗·安德森（Christopher Andersen）此前告诉福克斯数字新闻频道，“由于王室成员的大部分时间都是在马背上度过的——无论是猎狐、打马球还是参加马术比赛——他们对脑震荡、扭伤和骨折并不陌生。安妮公主可能是除了查尔斯国王之外，受伤最多的王室成员。”

20240628拜登特朗普再交锋

Greece is moving some workers toward a 6-day workweek

From: FORTUNE

The workweek is about to get a lot longer for some employees in Greece.

希腊的一些员工即将迎来更长的工作周。

Starting July 1, workers in the private sector could be going into the office six days a week—as the 48-hour workweek goes into effect.

从7月1日起，私营企业员工每周可能每周要工作六天——因为48小时工作周将正式实施。

Select industrial and manufacturing facilities, along with businesses that provide 24/7 services, are eligible to extend the workweek beyond five days under new labor laws. Food service and tourism workers are not included in the longer workweeks.

根据新的劳动法，部分工业和制造业基地以及提供全天候服务的企业，有资格将每周工作时间延长至五天以上。餐饮服务和旅游业的员工不包括在内。

The change to the labor laws was approved last September following productivity issues in the country, which have led many workers to put in extra hours and often not be compensated for the time. Officials also note there has been a shortage of skilled workers due to a shrinking population.

由于希腊的生产力问题，许多员工不得不加班且通常没有得到相应的报酬，因此去年9月批准了劳动法的修改。官员们还指出，由于人口减少，技术工人短缺。

Workers who do put in the extra time will receive 40% extra during the additional eight hours—and 115% of their normal salary if they work on a holiday.

那些每周要工作六天的员工将获得40%的额外报酬——如果在节假日工作，他们将获得正常工资的115%。

Employers who decide to embrace the 48-hour workweek will be required to notify employees at least 24 hours before the shift begins. No additional overtime beyond the eight hours is allowed.

决定实行48小时工作周的雇主必须在轮班开始前至少24小时通知员工。除了这额外的八小时之外，不允许再加班。

The new rules were not met with widespread acceptance ahead of their approval. The day before the bill was passed, public sector workers, such as teachers, doctors, and transportation workers, walked off the job in protest, calling the overhaul an affront to workers' rights that could create “barbaric” conditions.

新规定在获批前并未得到广泛认可。在法案通过的前一天，教师、医生和运输工人等公职人员罢工抗议，称这项改革是对员工权利的侮辱，可能会造就“恶劣”的工作条件。

Workers in Greece already work more than those in the U.S. and most of Europe. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) notes Greeks worked an average of 1,886 hours in 2022, compared to 1,811 in the U.S. and the European Union average of 1,571.

希腊员工的工作强度已经超过了美国和欧洲大部分国家。经济合作与发展组织（OECD）指出，2022年希腊人平均工作时间为1886小时，而美国人平均工作时间为1811小时，欧盟的人平均工作时间为1571小时。

Greece's unorthodox approach to labor comes as many other regions are experimenting with a four-day workweek. Last year, the results of the world's largest trial of the shorter schedule showed workers who put in four days were just as productive as they were during a five-day week. The nonprofit that ran the pilot program called it a “resounding success on virtually every dimension.”

当其他地区正在试验四天工作周时，希腊采取了不同寻常的做法。去年，全球最大规模的四天工作周试验结果显示，每周工作四天的员工工作效率与每周工作五天的一样。负责该试验项目的非营利组织称其“几乎在所有方面都取得了巨大成功。”

Last March, one member of California's legislature floated legislation for a 32-hour workweek to become national law, with the backing of the AFL-CIO and the Economic Policy Institute. The bill failed to find traction.

去年3月，在美国劳工联合会-产业工会联合会（AFL-CIO）和经济政策研究所（Economic Policy Institute）的支持下，加利福尼亚州立法机构的一名议员提出将32小时工作周立法变为全国性法律。该法案未能获批。

20240629希腊开始实行一周工作六天制

Biden's Debate Performance Against Trump Rekindles Questions About Fitness for Office

From: The Wall Street Journal

President Biden and former President Donald Trump clashed over the economy, abortion and immigration in their first presidential debate of the 2024 election, as the Democratic incumbent delivered an unsteady performance that rekindled questions about his age.

美国总统拜登（Joe Biden）和前总统特朗普（Donald Trump）周四在2024年竞选活动的首场总统辩论中就经济、堕胎和移民问题展开唇枪舌剑；现任总统拜登在辩论中时而结结巴巴，再次引发了人们对其年龄是否能胜任的质疑。

The animosity between the rivals was evident immediately as they walked onto the stage declining to offer a traditional handshake, and they launched into arguments over who had a better record on the economy.

拜登和特朗普走上台时，对手之间的敌意立刻显露无遗，他们没有依照传统握手，然后就谁在经济方面的政绩更好展开了激烈争论。

The debate at a CNN studio in Atlanta put a spotlight on the presumptive nominees' advanced ages. Biden, 81 years old, is the oldest person to serve as president, and Trump, 78, if elected, would be poised to claim that distinction toward the end of his second term.

这场在亚特兰大CNN演播室举行的辩论让两人的高龄成为焦点。拜登现年81岁，是历届美国在任总统中年龄最大的一位，特朗普现年78岁，如果当选，他将在第二个任期行将结束之际获得年龄最大的在任总统称号。

Biden's voice sounded raspy, which aides attributed to a cold, and he at times stumbled over his words. Early in the debate, the president appeared to falter as he talked about his desire to increase taxes on the wealthy to pay for more benefits. He appeared to lose his train of thought when he listed programs that could be funded by more taxes.

拜登的声音听起来有些沙哑，有时说话还磕磕巴巴。在辩论之初，这位总统在谈到他希望向富人增税以支付更多福利时显得有些支支吾吾。当列举可以通过增加税收来资助的项目时，他似乎乱了思绪。

Biden ticked off child care and elder care, and then meandered for a few moments. He paused for about three seconds before continuing and saying: “We finally beat Medicare.”

拜登一一列举了儿童保育、老年人护理等项目，然后又漫不经心地说了一通。之后，拜登在停顿了大约三秒钟后继续说： “我们终于打败了美国联邦医疗保险。 ”

“I really don't know what he said at the end of that sentence. I don't think he knows what he said, either,” Trump said mockingly of Biden at one point. Trump, for his part, largely followed the advice of aides who wanted him to take a less aggressive and freewheeling approach than prior debates, which turned off some voters—and stick to issues.

“我真不知道他那句话最后到底说了些什么。我觉得他也不知道自己说了什么，”特朗普一度嘲讽拜登说。不过，与之前的一些辩论相比，特朗普总体上没有那么咄咄逼人和敌对，他显然听取了助手的建议，以免让一些选民反感。

The rematch between Biden and Trump marked the first time the U.S. has seen a repeat between the two major-party candidates since the 1950s—and the first involving a current president and a former one since the 1890s. Many Americans have expressed dissatisfaction with their choices, and the campaigns hope the debate will inject a jolt of attention into what has been a relatively static campaign.

拜登和特朗普的再次较量标志着美国自20世纪50年代以来首次出现两大政党候选人之间的二度交锋，也是自19世纪90年代以来首次出现现任总统和前任总统之间的二次对决。许多美国人对他们的选择表示不满，竞选团队希望这场辩论能为相对平淡的竞选活动引来更多关注。

20240630全球近三分之一成年人缺乏运动

Nearly 1.8 billion adults at risk of disease from not doing enough physical activity

From: World Health Organization

New data show that nearly one third (31%) of adults worldwide, approximately 1.8 billion people, did not meet the recommended levels of physical activity in 2022. The findings point to a worrying trend of physical inactivity among adults, which has increased by about 5 percentage points between 2010 and 2022.

鏂版暟鎹樉绀猴紝鍏ㄧ悆杩戜笁鍒嗕箣涓€(31%)鐨勬垚骞翠汉(绾?8浜夸汉)鍦?022骞存湭杈惧埌鎵€寤鸿鐨勮韩浣撴椿鍔ㄦ按骞炽€傜爺绌剁粨鏋滄寚鍑猴紝鎴愬勾浜虹己涔忚韩浣撴椿鍔ㄧ殑瓒嬪娍浠や汉鎷呭咖銆?010骞磋嚦2022骞存湡闂达紝鎴愬勾浜虹己涔忚韩浣撴椿鍔ㄧ櫨鍒嗘瘮澧炲姞浜嗗ぇ绾?涓櫨鍒嗙偣銆?

If the trend continues, levels of inactivity are projected to further rise to 35% by 2030, and the world is currently off track from meeting the global target to reduce physical inactivity by 2030. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that adults have 150 minutes of moderate-intensity, or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity, or equivalent, per week. Physical inactivity puts adults at greater risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes, type 2 diabetes, dementia and cancers such as breast and colon.

濡傛灉杩欎竴瓒嬪娍缁х画涓嬪幓锛岄璁″埌2030骞达紝缂轰箯韬綋娲诲姩鐧惧垎姣斿皢杩涗竴姝ヤ笂鍗囧埌35%銆傜洰鍓嶅叏涓栫晫璺濈瀹炵幇鍒?030骞村噺灏戠己涔忚韩浣撴椿鍔ㄧ巼鐨勫叏鐞冪洰鏍囪繕鏈夊緢澶у樊璺濄€備笘鐣屽崼鐢熺粍缁囷紙涓栧崼缁勭粐锛夊缓璁垚骞翠汉姣忓懆杩涜150鍒嗛挓鐨勪腑绛夊己搴﹁韩浣撴椿鍔ㄦ垨75鍒嗛挓鐨勯珮寮哄害韬綋娲诲姩銆傜己涔忚韩浣撴椿鍔ㄤ細鍔犲墽鎴愬勾浜烘偅蹇冭绠＄柧鐥咃紙濡傚績鑴忕梾鍜屼腑椋庯級銆?鍨嬬硸灏跨梾銆佺棿鍛嗙棁浠ュ強涔宠吅鐧屽拰缁撹偁鐧岀殑椋庨櫓銆?

The study was undertaken by researchers from WHO together with academic colleagues and published in The Lancet Global Health journal.

杩欓」鐮旂┒鐢变笘鍗粍缁囩爺绌朵汉鍛樹笌瀛︽湳鐣屽悓浜嬪叡鍚屽紑灞曪紝鐮旂┒缁撴灉鍙戣〃鍦ㄣ€婃煶鍙跺垁鍏ㄧ悆鍋ュ悍銆嬫潅蹇椾笂銆?

"These new findings highlight a lost opportunity to reduce cancer and heart disease, and improve mental health and well-being through increased physical activity," said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. "We must renew our commitment to increasing levels of physical activity and prioritizing bold action, including strengthened policies and increased funding, to reverse this worrying trend.鈥?

涓栧崼缁勭粐鎬诲共浜嬭碍寰峰鍗氬＋璇达紝鈥滆繖浜涙柊鐮旂┒鎴愭灉鏄剧ず锛岀敱浜庢湭鑳藉鍔犺韩浣撴椿鍔紝浜轰滑鏈兘鎶撲綇鏈轰細鍑忓皯鐧岀棁鍜屽績鑴忕梾浠ュ強鏀瑰杽绮剧鍋ュ悍鍜岀绁夈€傛垜浠繀椤婚噸鐢虫壙璇猴紝鍔姏鎻愰珮韬綋娲诲姩姘村钩锛屽ぇ鍔涢噰鍙栨灉鏂鍔紝鍖呮嫭鍔犲己鏀跨瓥鍜屽鍔犺祫閲戯紝浠ユ壄杞繖涓€浠や汉鎷呭咖鐨勮秼鍔库€濄€?

The highest rates of physical inactivity were observed in the high-income Asia Pacific region (48%) and South Asia (45%), with levels of inactivity in other regions ranging from 28% in high-income Western countries to 14% in Oceania.

楂樻敹鍏ヤ簹澶湴鍖?48%)鍜屽崡浜?45%)缂轰箯韬綋娲诲姩鐜囨渶楂樸€傚叾浠栧湴鍖虹殑缂轰箯韬綋娲诲姩姘村钩浠庨珮鏀跺叆瑗挎柟鍥藉鐨?8%鍒板ぇ娲嬫床鐨?4%涓嶇瓑銆?

Of concern, disparities remain between gender and age. Physical inactivity is still more common among women globally compared with men, with inactivity rates of 34% compared to 29%. In some countries, this difference is as much as 20 percentage points. Additionally, people over 60 are less active than other adults, underscoring the importance of promoting physical activity for older adults.

浠や汉鍏冲垏鐨勬槸锛屽湪涓嶅悓鎬у埆涔嬮棿鍜屼笉鍚屽勾榫勪箣闂翠粛鐒跺瓨鍦ㄥ樊璺濄€備笌鐢锋€х浉姣旓紝鍏ㄧ悆濂虫€х己涔忚韩浣撴椿鍔ㄦ儏鍐典粛杈冩櫘閬嶏紝缂轰箯娲诲姩鐜囦负34%锛岀敺鎬т负29%銆傚湪涓€浜涘浗瀹讹紝杩欎竴宸窛杈?0涓櫨鍒嗙偣銆傛澶栵紝涓庡叾浠栨垚骞翠汉缇ょ浉姣旓紝60宀佷互涓婄殑浜鸿韩浣撴椿鍔ㄨ緝灏戯紝鍥犳锛屾垜浠渶瑕佷績杩涜€佸勾浜哄紑灞曟洿澶氳韩浣撴椿鍔ㄣ€?

鈥淧hysical inactivity is a silent threat to global health, contributing significantly to the burden of chronic diseases,鈥?said Dr R眉diger Krech, Director of Health Promotion at WHO. 鈥淲e need to find innovative ways to motivate people to be more active, considering factors like age, environment, and cultural background. By making physical activity accessible, affordable, and enjoyable for all, we can significantly reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases and create a population that is healthier and more productive.鈥?

涓栧崼缁勭粐鍋ュ悍淇冭繘鍙稿徃闀縍眉diger Krech鍗氬＋鎸囧嚭锛屸€滅己涔忚韩浣撴椿鍔ㄦ槸瀵瑰叏鐞冨仴搴风殑鏃犲０濞佽儊锛屽ぇ澶у姞閲嶄簡鎱㈡€х梾璐熸媴銆傛垜浠渶瑕佸湪鑰冭檻鍒板勾榫勩€佺幆澧冨拰鏂囧寲鑳屾櫙绛夊洜绱犵殑鎯呭喌涓嬶紝鎵惧埌鏂伴鍔炴硶锛屾縺鍔变汉浠洿绉瀬浠庝簨韬綋娲诲姩銆傞€氳繃鏅強璐熸媴寰楄捣鐨勪笖浠や汉鎰夊揩鐨勮韩浣撴椿鍔紝鎴戜滑鍙互澶уぇ闄嶄綆闈炰紶鏌撴€х柧鐥呯殑椋庨櫓锛屽杩涗汉鍙ｅ仴搴峰拰鐢熶骇鍔涒€濄€?

Despite the worrying results, there are some signs of improvement in some countries. The study showed that almost half of the world鈥檚 countries have made some improvements over the past decade, and 22 countries were identified as likely to reach the global target of reducing inactivity by 15% by 2030, if their trend continues at the same pace.

灏界鎯呭喌浠や汉鎷呭咖锛屼絾鏈変簺鍥藉鍑虹幇浜嗕竴浜涜壇濂借抗璞°€傝鐮旂┒鎶ュ憡鎸囧嚭锛屼笘鐣屼笂杩戜竴鍗婂浗瀹跺湪杩囧幓鍗佸勾涓彇寰椾簡涓€浜涜繘灞曪紝鍏朵腑22涓浗瀹跺鏋滅淮鎸佺洰鍓嶈秼鍔匡紝鏈夋湜鍒?030骞村疄鐜板皢缂轰箯韬綋娲诲姩浜哄彛鐧惧垎姣斿噺灏?5%杩欎竴鐩爣銆?

In light of these findings, WHO is calling on countries to strengthen their policy implementation to promote and enable physical activity through grassroots and community sport and active recreation and transport (walking, cycling and use of public transport), among other measures.

鍦ㄨ繖浜涜皟鏌ョ粨鏋滃熀纭€涓婏紝涓栧崼缁勭粐鍛煎悂鍚勫浗鍔犲己鏀跨瓥瀹炴柦宸ヤ綔锛岄€氳繃寮€灞曞熀灞傚拰绀惧尯浣撹偛娲诲姩浠ュ強榧撳姳浠庝簨绉瀬娑堥棽濞变箰娲诲姩鍜岄噰鐢ㄦ湁鐩婂仴搴风殑鍑鸿鏂瑰紡(濡傛琛屻€侀獞鑷杞﹀拰浣跨敤鍏叡浜ら€氬伐鍏?绛夋帾鏂斤紝鎻愬€″拰淇冭繘韬綋娲诲姩銆?

"Promoting physical activity goes beyond promoting individual lifestyle choice - it will require a whole-of-society approach and creating environments that make it easier and safer for everyone to be more active in ways they enjoy to reap the many health benefits of regular physical activity,鈥?said Dr Fiona Bull, Head of the WHO Unit for Physical Activity.

涓栧崼缁勭粐韬綋娲诲姩澶勫闀縁iona Bull鍗氬＋璇达紝鈥滀績杩涜韩浣撴椿鍔ㄤ笉浠呮槸淇冭繘涓汉閫夋嫨鏈夌泭鍋ュ悍鐨勭敓娲绘柟寮忥紝杩橀渶瑕侀噰鐢ㄢ€樺叏绀句細鍙備笌鈥欐柟閽堬紝鍒涢€犺壇濂界幆澧冿紝浣挎瘡涓汉閮借兘鏇村鏄撳拰鏇村畨鍏ㄥ湴浠ユ墍鍠滄鐨勬柟寮忓紑灞曟洿澶氳韩浣撴椿鍔紝浠ュ杩涘仴搴枫€傜粡甯镐粠浜嬭韩浣撴椿鍔ㄤ細甯︽潵璁稿鍋ュ悍鐩婂鈥濄€?

Collective efforts based on partnerships between government and nongovernmental stakeholders and increased investments in innovative approaches will be needed to reach the least active people and to reduce inequalities in access to measures promoting and improving physical activity.

鏀垮簻鍜岄潪鏀垮簻鍒╃泭鏀稿叧鏂归渶骞惰偐鍚堜綔锛屼綔鍑哄叡鍚屽姫鍔涳紝骞堕渶杩涗竴姝ユ姇璧勪簬鏂伴鏂规硶锛屼互瑕嗙洊鏈€涓嶆椿璺冪殑浜虹兢锛屽噺灏戜笉骞崇瓑鐜拌薄锛屼績杩涗汉浠彁楂樿韩浣撴椿鍔ㄦ按骞炽€?

20240601真的是“三岁看小、七岁看老”吗？

Clues to your personality appeared before you could talk

From: BBC, 10 September 2016

Your personality has been sculpted by many hands. Your genes, your friends, the schools you attended, plus many other factors, will all have played a part in making you the person you are today. But when exactly did your own distinct character first begin to take shape? If you're a shy person now, for instance, does that mean you were a shy child?

人的个性是多方面因素塑造而成的：基因、朋友、学校以及其他因素。是它们让你变成了今天的你。那么一个人的个性究竟是从什么时候开始定型的呢？比如，如果你现在是一个害羞的人，那这是否意味着你小时候就很害羞？

In all likelihood, yes. In fact, research suggests there are significant links between our behavioural tendencies when we're just a few months old and our later personality. That isn't to say that our personality was set in stone that early, but that the roots of who we are can be traced all the way back to our earliest days.

差不多是这样。事实上，有研究表明人在几个月大时的行为特征与长大后的个性之间存在重要的联系。但这并不是说我们的个性早就已经不可动摇，只是说我们可以追根溯源到幼年时期。

Psychologists who study babies usually refer to “temperament” rather than personality and one of the first ever investigations in this area was called the New York Longitudinal Study, launched in the 1950s, for which the wife and husband team of Stella Chess and Alexander Thomas began observing 133 children from their birth up to age 30, as well as interviewing their parents. Based on their findings, these researchers proposed that there are nine different facets of infant temperament, including activity level, mood and distractibility. They also noted that scores on different facets tended to cluster and, in a sign of a less politically correct age, they described three categories: “easy children”, “difficult children” and “slow to warm up” children.

研究婴儿的心理学家通常所用的术语是“气质”（temperament）而非“个性” （personality）。在这一领域的最早的一项调查是在20世纪50年代开始的纽约纵向研究（New York Longitudinal Study）。亚历山大·托马斯（Alexander Thomas）和斯特拉·切斯（Stella Chess）夫妇观察了133名儿童从出生到30岁之间的生活，同时还和他们的父母进行访谈。基于这些观察和研究，他们提出婴儿气质的九种不同维度，包括活跃水平、心情和关注力。他们还认为不同维度的分数有趋同倾向。他们以政治不太正确的方式把儿童分为三类：“简单的儿童”、“麻烦的儿童”和“慢热型”儿童。

Do these childhood categories presage later personality types? The New York study found some evidence that children categorised as easy or difficult at age three also tended to be categorised the same way in early adulthood, but the research didn't examine links between child temperament and adult personality, as such.

这样的儿童分类是否预示着他们未来的人格类型？纽约的研究发现证据表明在三岁时被归为简单或麻烦的儿童在青年时期仍然表现出相同的个性，但是他们并未研究儿童气质与成人个性之间的联系。

In fact, for a long time psychologists studying infant temperament and those studying adult personality didn't have a great deal to do with each other. Increasingly over the last decade or so, however, that has begun to change and although infant temperament doesn't completely forecast later personality, the two are certainly connected.

事实上，在很长时间里，研究婴儿气质的心理学家与研究成人个性的心理学家之间是不打交道的。不过，在过去十年左右，情况开始发生变化。尽管婴儿气质并不完全能预测人长大后的个性，但是两者之间一定存在关联。

Note that the scoring systems for infant temperament have changed over time. Today the original nine aspects of temperament are distilled into just three broad dimensions (unfortunately psychology labs often vary in the precise terms they use): “Effortful control” which describes things like the infant's self-control and ability to focus (resisting, for example, the lure of a tempting toy); “negative affectivity, which as it sounds, refers to levels of negative emotion like fear and frustration; and “extraversion” or “surgency”, which is to do with activity levels, excitement and being sociable.

还要注意，婴儿气质的打分系统随着时间的推移也发生了变化。如今，原来的九个维度被化归为三个大维度（不幸的是，心理学实验室常常使用不同的术语来描述这几个维度）：“努力控制”是指儿童的自控力和关注力（比如，抵抗玩具的诱惑）；“负面情绪”正如其字面意义，是指恐惧、挫败等负面情绪；而“外向”或“精力充沛”与活跃度、兴奋和社交能力有关。

Consider a Russian study published online this year in Personality and Individual Differences that involved 45 parents rating their infants' temperament on these dimensions when they were just a few months old (seven months, on average) and then rating their children's personalities again an average of eight years later, based on the main traits of adult personality such as extraversion and neuroticism.

今年，有一个来自俄罗斯的关于个性和个体差异的研究在网上发表。该研究让45个家长评价他们平均七个月大的孩子的气质，并在八年后再次评价孩子的个性。评价标准是成人个性的主要特点，比如外向和神经质。

Comparing the measures at the two time points revealed a number of consistencies, such as that infants who scored higher on the extraversion/surgency domain (they did things like smiled more) tended to score lower, at age eight, on the adult personality trait of Neuroticism (that is, they were more emotionally stable); and those infants who scored higher on this study's equivalent of effortful control went on to score higher on aspects of the adult trait of conscientiousness when they were children. If your baby seems to have a decent attention span – good news, this probably means they'll keep their room tidy when they're older.

比较两个时间点的评价揭示出一些规律，比如在外向方面得分较高的孩子（笑的更多）在八岁时的神经质评价中得分较低（这意味着他们的情绪比较稳定）；而在努力控制方面得分较高的孩子在后来的自律性评价中得分较高。如果婴儿的注意力时间很长——那么就是好消息了，这很可能意味着他们在长大后会保持房间整洁。

Not everything matched up in this study – for example, smiley, more outgoing babies didn't score higher on extraversion as children – which is a reminder that our infant temperaments are not always destiny. But the results do add to what the researchers described as the “growing consensus that temperamental characteristics that appear in the first years of life form a basis for later personality.”

这个研究中，不是一切都可以互相匹配——比如爱笑的、外向的婴儿在长大一些后，并没有在外向评价中得到高分——这提醒我们婴儿的气质并不是由命运决定。但是研究者的结论是“越来越多的研究达成一项共识，即一个人早年显现出的气质会构成他长大后个性的基础。”

Amazingly, some links may even stretch across four decades. In another study, published in 2007, researchers in the Czech Republic took measures of infancy temperament a little later, between the ages of 12 and 30 months, and found an association, albeit very specific, with personality traits in the same individuals when they were tested again 40 years later.

惊人的是，一些联系甚至可以跨越四十年之久。2007年的一个研究中，来自捷克的研究者把评价婴儿气质的时间点推后，孩子的年纪从30个月到12岁不等。40年后再次测试时，他们发现个性的关联度非常高。

The two traits in question were toddler disinhibition (similar to the more widely used extraversion/surgency rating) and adult extraversion. That is, the more active and assertive the participants had been as toddlers, the more likely they were to score highly on extraversion as adults, and on self-efficacy (our belief in our own abilities).

研究关注的两个特征是婴儿的脱抑制（disinhibition，类似于使用更为广泛的外向/精力充沛评分）和成人的外向人格。也就是说，婴儿期越是活跃和坚定的人，长大后在外向性和自我效能（相信自己的能力）方面得高分的可能性更大。

It's worth remembering when reading about these findings that our personalities, although they show consistency through life, are also constantly evolving and it would be impossible to pinpoint any one moment when a person's personality in their youth had taken on its adult form (apart from anything, this would depend on which version of their maturing adult personality you had in mind). However, as an infant grows into a small child, their personality is gradually crystallising. Wait until a child is aged three, for example, and now their behaviour will even more strongly foretell the adult personality.

当我们在阅读这些关于个性的研究时，值得记住的是尽管个性在人的一生中表现出一贯性，然而它始终处于变化中，不可能在年轻时期的某个时刻确定一个人的个性在他长大后会成为某种个性（而且这还要取决于你所使用的是哪一套成人个性）。不过，婴儿长大的过程中，其个性也会逐渐定型。比如当孩子满三岁时，他们的行为会更加强烈的预示他们成年后的性格。

Take the findings from a paper published in 2003, in which researchers at the Institute of Psychiatry in London compared the behavioural scores of over a thousand three-year-olds taken in 1975-1976 (based on which they classified the children as either “well-adjusted”, “under-controlled”, “confident”, “inhibited” or “reserved”) with the same individuals' personality scores recorded when they were 26. This time many striking consistencies emerged through the nearly three-decade period of study – to take just one example, the “confident” children became the most extraverted adults, and the inhibited children became the least extraverted.

以伦敦心理咨询研究所的研究者2003年发表的一篇论文为例。他们在1975到1976年对超过一千名三岁儿童进行行为评分（分类标准为“适应力强”、“接受控制”、“自信”、“拘谨”、“谨慎”），然后在他们26岁时再进行评分并进行比较。这个跨度近30年的研究得到了惊人的一致结果。比如“自信的”儿童在长大后变得外向，而“压抑”的儿童变得非常内向。

Anyone who has young children of their own, or spends time with them, knows that it's tempting to look for signs of emerging personality traits in a baby's giggle or frown. The latest psychology research suggests such speculation might not be entirely in vain.

任何生育小孩或与小孩共度时光的人都知道人会忍不住在婴儿的一笑一颦中寻找他正在出现的个性的迹象。最新的心理学研究表明，这种猜度的行为可能并不完全是徒劳。

But there's also a serious side to this field. Increasingly, researchers are realising that the roots of adult psychological problems may lie in behavioural tendencies that first appear in early childhood. By learning to recognise these signs, it might be possible to intervene carefully at an early age and to help steer children on the path to a healthier future.

但是这个领域也有严肃的另一面。越来越多的研究者意识到成年人的心理问题可能植根于幼年时的行为倾向。找出这些标志就有可能在幼年期小心干预，引导孩子获得更为健康的未来。

20240602Prada官宣贾玲成为品牌代言人

EXCLUSIVE: Prada Names China's Hottest Comedian-turned-director Jia Ling Brand Ambassador

From: WWD

Prada has named Chinese director, actress, and comedian Jia Ling its latest brand ambassador.

Prada（普拉达）宣布，中国导演、演员兼喜剧演员贾玲成为其最新品牌代言人。

In a campaign lensed by Shanghai-based female photographer Wang Ziqian, Jia is dressed in a Prada trenchcoat and carrying the new Prada Galleria in Soft Grain.

在由上海女摄影师王子千拍摄的广告片中，贾玲身穿Prada风衣，手提新款Prada Galleria粒面手袋。

The editorial was accompanied by a short interview with Jia, in which she discussed her creative drive and how fashion plays a part in her creative output.

这组广告还附有对贾玲的简短采访，贾玲在采访中谈到了她的创作动力以及时尚对她创作的影响。

“Jia Ling's vigorous artistic expression shares the freshness and timelessness,” Prada said in a statement. “Prada looks forward to witnessing Jia Ling's future creations, bringing new perspectives to Chinese cinematic narratives.”

Prada在一份声明中说：“贾玲充满活力的艺术表达具有新鲜感和永恒性。Prada期待见证贾玲未来的创作，为中国电影叙事带来新的视角。”

Jia, whose career began as a Chinese comedian, became a breakout star with her live performances during the annual CCTV Spring Festival Gala.

贾玲最初以喜剧演员身份出道，并在央视春晚的表演中一炮而红。

Jia made her directorial and performance debut in 2021 with “Hi, Mom,” a moving tribute to her mom.

2021年，贾玲首次执导并主演了电影《你好，李焕英》，这是一部感人至深致敬母亲的作品。

With 5.4 billion renminbi, or $745.7 million, in box office sales, the blockbuster film made Jia the highest-grossing Chinese female director in Chinese movie history, a record she held for two years until Greta Gerwig‘s “Barbie” made its Chinese cinema debut.

这部电影的票房收入达到54亿元人民币（约7.457亿美元），使贾玲成为中国电影史上票房最高的女导演，这一纪录保持了两年，直到格蕾塔·葛韦格（Greta Gerwig）的《芭比》在中国上映。

In February 2024, Jia topped the box office charts again with “YOLO,” which she directed and starred in. The film, a Chinese adaptation of the Japanese movie “100 Yen Love,” made Jia into a household name, both for its uplifting plot and her dramatic transformation in the film after losing more than 100 pounds.

2024年2月，贾玲凭借自导自演的电影《热辣滚烫》（YOLO）再次登顶票房榜。这部改编自日本电影《百元之恋》（100 Yen Love）的影片，不仅以其励志的剧情，还因贾玲在片中减肥超过100磅的巨大转变，使她成为家喻户晓的名字。

The film garnered 3.2 billion renminbi, or $441.9 million, in box office sales.

这部电影获得了32亿人民币（约4.419亿美元）的票房收入。

“Free from conventional labels, she defies categorization and remains focused on creation,” Prada said. “Her work contemplates the intricacies of society and life.”

Prada表示：“贾玲不受传统标签束缚，专注于创作，探讨社会和生活的复杂性。”

Prada also said the choice of Jia further reinforces the brand's close ties with the film industry, and to promote the development of art and culture.

Prada还表示，选择贾玲进一步加强了该品牌与电影业的紧密联系，并推动了艺术和文化的发展。

In China, the brand has previously worked with Chinese auteur Jia Zhangke on a Prada Rongzhai project titled “Mian.” The brand also dressed a key character in Wang Kar Wai's hit TV series “Blossoms Shanghai”.

在中国，Prada曾与中国著名导演贾樟柯合作Prada荣宅项目《面》，该品牌还为王家卫的热门电视剧《繁花》中的关键角色提供服装。

Jia joins actor Li Xian, singer Tan Jianci, table tennis player Ma Long, and basketball player Yang Shuyu as face of the brand in China.

贾玲加入了演员李现、歌手檀健次、乒乓球运动员马龙和篮球运动员杨舒予的行列，成为Prada在中国的形象代言人。

2024060393岁默多克第5次结婚

Rupert Murdoch Marries for the Fifth Time

From: The New York Times

Rupert Murdoch, who retired from the boards of Fox and News Corporation last year, walked down an outdoor aisle under blue skies to exchange vows on Saturday with Elena Zhukova, his fifth bride, at Moraga, his Tuscan-style vineyard estate in the hills of the Bel Air neighborhood of Los Angeles.

鲁伯特·默多克（Rupert Murdoch）去年从福克斯公司（Fox）和新闻集团（News Corporation）董事会退休。周六，晴空万里，他在洛杉矶贝莱尔（Bel Air）街区山丘上的托斯卡纳风格葡萄园庄园莫拉加（Moraga），与第五任妻子埃琳娜·朱科娃（Elena Zhukova）举行了婚礼。

Ms. Zhukova, 67, carried a bouquet of white flowers and wore an ankle-length, off-the-shoulder white dress with a square neckline, reportedly designed by the London-based designer Emilia Wickstead; Mr. Murdoch, 93, wore a dark suit with sneakers. Notable guests caught by paparazzi on the way into the ceremony included Robert K. Kraft, the owner of the New England Patriots, and Robert Thomson, the chief executive of News Corp.

67岁的朱科娃手捧一束白色花束，身着长及脚踝、露肩、方形领口的白色礼服，据说是由伦敦设计师艾米莉亚·维克斯特德（Emilia Wickstead）所设计；93岁的默多克身着深色西装，脚穿运动鞋。狗仔队在入场时拍到的嘉宾包括新英格兰爱国者队（New England Patriots）老板罗伯特·卡夫（Robert K. Kraft）和新闻集团首席执行官罗伯特·汤姆森（Robert Thomson）。

The couple met through Mr. Murdoch's third wife, Wendi Deng, according to The Daily Mail, which first reported their relationship last summer. Ms. Zhukova is a retired molecular biologist who immigrated to the United States from Moscow in 1991, just months before the Soviet Union collapsed. She was previously married to Alexander Zhukov, the billionaire energy investor.

据《每日邮报》（The Daily Mail）报道，两人是通过默多克的第三任妻子邓文迪（Wendi Deng）相识的，该报去年夏天首次报道了他们的恋情。朱科娃是一位退休的分子生物学家，1991年从莫斯科移民到美国，正值苏联解体前夕。她之前嫁给了亿万富翁、能源投资者亚历山大·朱科夫（Alexander Zhukov）。

There have been few public details about the couple's courtship, with representatives for Mr. Murdoch staying mum, but The Daily Mail reported that shortly after meeting, Mr. Murdoch and Ms. Zhukova spent weeks vacationing together in the Mediterranean aboard the Christina O, a yacht that once belonged to Aristotle Onassis. Their engagement was announced in March.

关于两人的恋情细节鲜有披露，默多克的发言人保持沉默，但据《每日邮报》报道，默多克和朱可娃在相识后不久，就一起乘坐“克里斯蒂娜O”号游艇在地中海度假了数周，这艘游艇曾属于亚里士多德·奥纳西斯（Aristotle Onassis）。他们于今年3月宣布订婚。

Mr. Murdoch's fifth marriage comes after a called-off engagement to Ann Lesley Smith, who is a retired dental hygienist and a conservative radio host. Last spring, he proposed to Ms. Smith but broke off the engagement after less than a month.

默多克的第五次婚姻是在与安·莱斯利·史密斯（Ann Lesley Smith）解除婚约之后缔结的。去年春天，他向史密斯求婚，但不到一个月就解除了婚约。史密斯是一名退休的牙科保健师和保守派电台主持人。

Ms. Zhukova's marital history is less well documented. She met her first husband, Mr. Zhukov, now a British citizen, when both were students in the Soviet Union. Their marriage, during which they had a daughter, the entrepreneur and socialite Dasha Zhukova, lasted three years, according to The New Yorker.

朱科娃的婚姻史则鲜有报道。她与第一任丈夫（现为英国公民）是在苏联留学时相识的。据《纽约客》（The New Yorker）报道，他们的婚姻持续了三年，育有一女，是企业家、社会名流达莎·茹科娃（Dasha Zhukova）。

A first walk down the aisle for Mr. Murdoch came in 1956, when he married Patricia Booker, a former flight attendant and model. They had a daughter, Prudence, before divorcing in 1967.

默多克第一次步入婚姻殿堂是在1956年，当时他与帕特里夏·布克（Patricia Booker）结婚。布克曾是一名空姐和模特。两人育有一女，名叫普鲁登斯（Prudence），两人于1967年离婚。

That same year, he married his second wife, Anna Maria Torv, then a journalist at one of his Australian newspapers. That union lasted 32 years, and they had three children: Elisabeth, Lachlan and James. All have worked for their father's global empire; last year, Lachlan Murdoch was named Mr. Murdoch's sole successor, becoming responsible for steering the media company his father started building from a small local newspaper in his native Australia 70 years ago. Mr. Murdoch maintains an emeritus role.

同年，他与第二任妻子安娜·玛丽亚·托尔夫（Anna Maria Torv）结婚，当时托尔夫是他旗下一家澳大利亚报社的记者。这段婚姻持续了32年，他们有三个孩子：伊丽莎白（Elisabeth）、拉克兰（Lachlan）和詹姆斯（James）。他们都曾在父亲的全球媒体帝国工作过。去年，拉克兰·默多克被任命为默多克的唯一继承人，负责管理他父亲70年前在家乡澳大利亚从当地小报社起家的媒体公司。默多克仍保留名誉职位。

In 1999, when Mr. Murdoch and Ms. Torv divorced, he and his third wife, Ms. Deng, a television executive born in China, married. They had two daughters, Grace and Chloe, and divorced in 2013. He met Jerry Hall, who is a model, actress and one of Mick Jagger's former wives, the same year. They married in 2016 and had no children together before divorcing in 2022.

1999年，默多克与托尔夫离婚后，与第三任妻子邓文迪结婚。邓文迪是一名出生于中国的电视业高管，他们有两个女儿，格蕾丝（Grace）和克洛伊（Chloe），两人于2013年离婚。同年，他遇到模特、演员兼米克·贾格尔（Mick Jagger）的前妻杰里·霍尔（Jerry Hall），他们在2016年结婚，并于2022年离婚，没有子女。

Mr. Murdoch and his family have a net worth of nearly $20 billion, according to Forbes. His publicly traded company, News Corp, owns a portfolio of news outlets, including The Wall Street Journal, Fox News and Sky News Australia, and the book publisher HarperCollins. According to The Cut, Ms. Deng and Ms. Hall both signed prenuptial agreements before marrying Mr. Murdoch.

据《福布斯》报道，默多克及其家族拥有近200亿美元的净资产。他的上市公司新闻集团旗下拥有《华尔街日报》（The Wall Street Journal）、福克斯新闻（Fox News）和澳大利亚天空新闻（Sky News Australia）在内的一系列新闻媒体，以及图书出版商哈珀柯林斯（HarperCollins）。据The Cut报道，邓文迪和霍尔在嫁给默多克之前都签署了婚前协议。

20240604我看“中”！

China's Chang'e 6 Probe Lands on Far Side of the Moon

From: Space.com

China has landed on the moon's mysterious far side — again.

中国探测器再次在神秘的月球背面着陆。

The robotic Chang'e 6 mission touched down inside Apollo Crater, within the giant South Pole-Aitken basin, at 6:23 a.m. Beijing Time on Sunday (June 2) , according to Chinese space officials. The probe "successfully landed in the pre-selected area," China's space agency said.

据中国航天官方称，嫦娥六号探测器于北京时间周日（6月2日）上午6:23在巨大的南极-艾特肯盆地内的阿波罗环形山着陆。中国国家航天局表示，探测器“成功着陆在预选着陆区”。

The China National Space Administration (CNSA) now has two far-side landings under its belt — this one and Chang'e 4, which dropped a lander-rover combo onto the gray dirt in January 2019. No other country has done it once.

中国国家航天局（CNSA）目前已经完成了两次月球背面着陆——上一次是嫦娥四号，2019年1月着陆器和巡视器组合体着陆在灰色的月球土壤上。其他国家尚未在月球背面着陆过。

And Chang'e 6 will make further history for China, if all goes according to plan: The mission aims to scoop up samples and send them back to Earth, giving researchers their first-ever up-close looks at material from this part of the moon.

如果一切顺利，嫦娥六号将为中国再创历史：此次任务旨在采集月球背面样本并将其送回地球，为研究人员提供首次近距离研究这些样本的机会。

"The Chang'e-6 mission is the first human sampling and return mission from the far side of the moon," CNSA officials said in a statement. (To be clear: Chang'e 6 is a robotic, not crewed, mission.) "It involves many engineering innovations, high risks and great difficulty."

中国国家航天局在官方声明中表示：“嫦娥六号任务实施人类首次月背采样返回，工程创新多，风险高，难度大。”（需明确：嫦娥六号是非载人任务。）

Chang'e 6 launched on May 3 with a bold and unprecedented task: haul home samples from the moon's far side, which always faces away from us. (The moon is tidally locked to Earth, completing one rotation on its axis in roughly the same amount of time it takes to orbit our planet. So observers here on Earth always see the same side of our natural satellite.)

嫦娥六号于5月3日发射升空，肩负着一项前所未有的任务：从始终背向地球的月球背面采集样本并带回地球。（月球与地球是潮汐锁定的，月球绕其轴心旋转一圈的时间与地球绕其轴心旋转一圈的时间大致相同。因此我们在地球上只能看到月球的同一面）。

Chang'e 6 arrived in lunar orbit about four days after liftoff. It spent the next few weeks scrutinizing its planned landing site and gearing up for today's big event, which went according to plan: Chang'e 6's lander came down softly in Apollo Crater, leaving the mission's orbiter, with its attached Earth-reentry module, circling the moon.

嫦娥六号在发射四天后进入月球轨道。在接下来的几周里，它仔细分析计划中的着陆点，并为今天的重大事件做准备：嫦娥六号着陆器平稳地降落在阿波罗环形山上，只留下带着地球返回器的轨道器在轨道上绕月飞行。

The lander will spend the next few days studying its surroundings and collecting about 4.4 pounds (2 kilograms) of lunar dirt and rock. Some of these samples will be scooped from the surface and some will be dug from up to 6.5 feet (2 meters) underground, using Chang'e 6's onboard drill.

着陆器将在接下来的几天里研究周围环境，并收集约4.4磅（2公斤）的月球土壤和岩石。其中一些样本将从月球表面采集，另一些样本将使用嫦娥六号的钻头从地下6.5英尺（2米）处挖掘。

This material will then be launched into lunar orbit by a rocket that rode down with the lander. The sample container will rendezvous with the Chang'e 6 orbiter, then make the long trek back to Earth, eventually touching down here under parachutes on June 25.

然后，这些样本将由与着陆器一起降落的火箭送入月球轨道并与嫦娥六号轨道器会合，然后踏上返回地球的旅程，最终于6月25日利用降落伞着陆地球。

Chang'e 6 is also carrying a tiny moon rover and has a variety of scientific experiments onboard the lander.

嫦娥六号还携带了一辆小型月球车，着陆器上还有各种科学实验。

Scientists will study the returned material in detail, seeking insights about the moon's history and evolution and clues about why the lunar far side is so different than the near. The dark volcanic seas known as maria are common on the near side, for example, but are rare on the far side, for reasons that remain mysterious.

科学家将详细研究这些样本，寻找月球历史和演化的线索，并解释为什么月球背面与正面如此不同。例如，月球正面常见的阴暗月海在背面却很少见，原因至今仍是个谜。

Researchers will doubtless compare the Chang'e 6 material to the samples collected on the moon's near side by Chang'e 5, which came down to Earth in December 2020. (Chang'e 5 and Chang'e 6 are sister missions, with virtually identical architectures.)

毫无疑问，研究人员将把嫦娥六号的样本与2020年12月返回地球的嫦娥五号在月球正面采集的样本进行比较。（嫦娥五号和嫦娥六号是姊妹任务，结构几乎完全相同）。

20240605外媒报道杭州漫展cos科比坠机事件

Kobe Bryant's fatal helicopter crash is MOCKED in shocking comic convention reenactment in China

From: Daily Mail

A man attending a comic convention in China arrived in a Kobe Bryant mask and a helicopter costume in a crude reference to the 2020 crash that claimed the lives of the Lakers legend, his daughter Gianna, and seven others.

一名参加中国漫展的男子戴着科比·布莱恩特（Kobe Bryant）的面具，穿着直升机造型的服装，用这种低俗的方式模仿2020年那场导致湖人传奇球星科比、他的女儿吉安娜（Gianna）及其他七人遇难的坠机事故。

The spectacle took place at a convention in the bustling Hangzhou, where the unidentified attendee re-enacted the fatal crash while wearing a helicopter costume made of plastic bottles and cardboard. The performer wore a Bryant mask and replica jersey to drive home the bit.

这一幕发生在熙熙攘攘的杭州漫展上，这位身份不明的扮演者身着用塑料瓶和硬纸板制成的直升机造型服装，重现了那场致命的空难。扮演者戴着科比的面具，穿着仿制的球衣，让人印象深刻。

Video of the display has since gone viral, prompting outrage from around the basketball-loving world.

模仿视频在网上疯传，引发了篮球爱好者的不满。

'Hope this guy who cosplayed as Kobe in a Helicopter crash gets hit by a Helicopter,' one angry fan wrote on X.

一位愤怒的粉丝在X上写道：“希望这个模仿科比坠机的人被直升机撞死。”

'I'm unsure why anyone would wear a 'Kobe Bryant helicopter crash costume' but here we are,' added another.

另一位网友补充道：“我不知道为什么会有人穿‘科比·布莱恩特直升机坠机服装’，但事实就是有人这么干了。”

Victims of the 2020 crash in Calabasas, California included John Altobelli, his wife Keri, and his daughter Alyssa; Sarah Chester and her daughter Payton; as well as basketball coach Christina Mauser and the pilot, Ara Zobayan.

2020年加州卡拉巴萨斯坠机事故的遇难者包括约翰·阿尔托贝利（John Altobelli）、他的妻子凯丽（Keri）和女儿阿丽莎（Alyssa）；莎拉·切斯特（Sarah Chester）和女儿佩顿（Payton）；以及篮球教练克里斯蒂娜·毛瑟（Christina Mauser）和飞行员阿拉·佐巴扬（Ara Zobayan）。

The shocking display in Hangzhou is made all the more surprising given the reverence Chinese basketball fans hold for Bryant.

考虑到中国篮球迷对科比的崇敬之情，发生在杭州这令人震惊的一幕就更加令人意外了。

In fact, Bryant memorials sprang up across China in the days after his passing, including a massive statue in the city of Guangzhou.

事实上，在科比去世后，中国各地涌现了许多纪念他的活动和设施，包括在广州市的一座大型雕像。

'Your fearlessly striving spirit, whether in basketball or in life, is worthy of remembrance,' read a translated post from the People's Daily.

《人民日报》的一篇文章中写道：“不惧风雨的奋斗精神，不论是篮球还是生活，都值得铭记。”

In 2013, Bryant's physical therapist Judy Seto told Bleacher Report about her client's immense popularity in China.

2013年，布莱恩特的理疗师朱迪·塞托（Judy Seto）告诉体育媒体《Bleacher Report》，她的客户在中国非常受欢迎。

'It's like nothing I've ever seen,' she said.

她说：“这是我从未见过的景象。”

In one instance, Seto described seeing 15,000 fans waiting to see Bryant at a venue at 9am – seven hours before he was scheduled to arrive.

她举了一个例子说，早上9点，她就看到15000名球迷在等待科比的出现，而科比预计于七小时后才到达。

'People are chasing the van…and then people start kissing the windows,' Seto said. 'Sometimes it's scary, especially because when I go, there's a reason I'm there: For this last go-around (in August) with the Achilles tendon repair, I had to make sure there were no times when he was in a spot where it's not safe.'

“人们追着车跑......然后凑到车窗上，”塞托说。“有时很可怕，特别是因为当我去的时候都是有原因的：上次（8月份）跟腱修复手术时，我必须确保他始终处于安全的位置。”

20240606高考是你多少年前的回忆杀？

Gaokao No Predictor of Success?

From: The Wall Street Journal, June 30, 2010

Chinese media and websites are teeming this week with discussion of a purported study showing that the top scorers on the gaokao over the last 30 years have ended up being disappointments. According to the English-language China Daily newspaper, the study of 1,000 top scorers on the gaokao from 1977 to 2008 did not find a single student who went on to outstanding success in any field.

本周，一份网传调查结果在中国媒体和网站上引发热议。该调查结果显示，过去30年里的高考状元最后的成就都令人失望。据英文版《中国日报》（China Daily）报道，该调查考察了从1977年到2008年的1,000名高考状元，结果发现没有学生在某一领域取得杰出成就。

Word of the supposed study has spread like kudzu, but its provenance is unclear. Some have cited the Chinese military newspaper, the Liberation Daily, which itself cited its own affiliated publication, but that reference couldn't be tracked down. So it's unclear whether this is an actual study, or a rumor.

这份网传调查结果迅速传播开来，但其来源尚不清楚。有人引用了军事报纸《解放日报》的报道，而该报本身也引用了其附属刊物，但这一引用无法查证。因此，这究竟是一项真实调查结果，还是仅仅是谣言，尚不确定。

Regardless, the mere notion that super scorers -- called zhuangyuan -- might not end up super-achievers is a shock in a country where the grueling two-day examination is a rite of passage for every aspiring student. The American SAT and its cousin, the ACT, are a cakewalk by comparison. Children literally spend years studying solely for the gaokao. Without it, a college education in China is out of reach.

无论如何，高考状元最终未能取得杰出成就的说法在中国引起了轰动。为期两天、备受煎熬的高考是每个有志学生的必经之路，相比之下，美国的SAT和ACT考试简直是小菜一碟。孩子们花费数年时间学习，就是为了参加高考。没有高考，接受大学教育就无从谈起。

Those who scored the highest marks in the examination are doing local radio and television interviews and fielding questions from awestruck parents about how to prepare their four-year-olds for exam success.

那些在考试中取得最高分的人正在接受当地媒体的采访，并回答着感到敬佩不已的家长们关于如何为四岁的孩子备考的问题。

Li Taibo, who took first place in all of Beijing for the science portion of the exam, has become an instant sensation. Li was first among over 48,000 test takers, according to an article in the Global Times.

李泰伯获得了北京高考理科状元，一夜成名。据《环球时报》报道，李泰伯在48000多名考生中排名第一。

A larger-than-life picture of Li has been erected in front of his high school to celebrate his accomplishment.

为了表彰他的优异表现，他所在的高中校门口竖起了一幅比真人还大的照片。

As a gaokao champion, Li can expect to undergo careful public scrutiny. His study habits will be analyzed by educational experts and admiring students alike. Even his personal life will serve as a model for others. Zhang Chen, also a top scorer in science, fields questions about his relationship with his parents and how he uses his free time. Parents want to know every detail that might help their children beat the competition.

作为高考状元，李泰伯将会受到公众的密切关注。教育专家和仰慕他的学生都会对他的学习习惯进行分析。甚至他的个人生活也将成为他人的榜样。另一位理科状元张晨也被问及他与父母的关系以及如何利用业余时间。家长们希望了解每一个细节，以帮助他们的孩子在竞争中取胜。

While gaokao fever is as strong as ever this year, criticism is mounting. A recent article in the People's Daily questions the value of worshipping gaokao champions. Such laser-like focus on the winners may even be harmful to the educational system, the article asserts.

尽管今年高考热潮依旧，但批评的声音也越来越多。《人民日报》最近发表的一篇文章质疑崇拜高考状元的价值，认为这种对状元的过度关注可能对教育制度有害。

Educational experts in the West often argue that the rigidity of the test suppresses individual creativity, which is important for success in the real world.

西方教育专家常常认为，考试的僵化压制了个人的创造力，而这种创造力在现实世界中是取得成功的关键。

Nevertheless, the gaokao has its defenders. Wu Meng, writing in the Global Times, opines that the stereotype of the No. 1 student as a narrowminded bookworm who only knows how to take tests is outdated. People can learn a great deal from these excellent students, he says.

然而，高考也有其支持者。吴萌（音译）在《环球时报》上撰文称，将高考状元视为只会应试的狭隘书呆子的刻板印象已经过时了。他说，人们可以从这些优秀学生身上学到很多东西。

Another popular argument for the examination is its fairness. Many Chinese express skepticism at the idea of teacher recommendations and interviews determining college admissions. Wouldn't personal relationships get in the way of meritocracy?

另一个支持高考的常见观点是其公平性。许多中国人对由教师推荐和面试来决定大学录取的想法持怀疑态度。私人关系难道不会妨碍择优录取吗？

Come September, Beijing University will undoubtedly accept a large number of gaokao champions as new students. So far, however, Western colleges have mostly come to a different decision. Li Taibo, the Beijing science top scorer, was surprised to discover that he had been rejected by Harvard, Yale, Stanford and a number of other top American colleges, according to reports.

到了九月份，北京大学无疑会录取许多高考状元新生。然而，到目前为止，西方高校却大多做出了不同的决定。据报道，北京理科状元李泰伯惊讶地发现，他被哈佛、耶鲁、斯坦福等多所美国顶尖大学拒之门外。

Then again, Harvard rejects many applicants with perfect SAT scores as well.

话说回来，哈佛大学也拒绝了许多SAT满分的申请者。

20240607你怎么看朋友圈点赞现象

How Social Media Makes Us Act Like Lab Rats, Pressing Buttons For Rewards

From: IFLScience

It's estimated that around one in four young people have a problematic relationship with their smartphone, chasing “likes” and spending hours hooked to their screens like a moth to a flame. According to a new study, this compulsive effect of social media on humans is extremely similar to a lab rat pushing buttons for food.

据估计，大约四分之一的年轻人对智能手机存在依赖问题，他们渴望获得“点赞”，像飞蛾扑火般长时间盯着屏幕。根据一项新研究，社交媒体对人类的这种强迫性影响与实验鼠按按钮获取食物的行为极为相似。

Scientists at New York University have shown how social media engagement – especially users' efforts to gain likes – is driven by basic reward learning behavior. While the motives behind this behavior in humans can undoubtedly be complex, it essentially follows the same simple pattern of behavior seen in many species when seeking rewards.

纽约大学的科学家们已表明，社交媒体上的互动——尤其是用户为获得“点赞”所做的努力——是由基本奖励学习行为驱动的。虽然人类这种行为背后的动机无疑是复杂的，但它本质上遵循了许多物种在寻求奖励时的简单行为模式。

Perhaps most clearly, it's reminiscent of lab rats placed in a Skinner box: press the correct button to receive a treat, eat, feel good, repeat. The more treats they get, the more they press the buttons.

也许最明显的是，这让人联想到被关在斯金纳箱里的实验鼠：按下正确的按钮就能获得食物奖励，吃了食物后感觉良好，然后重复这个过程。它们获得的奖励越多，按下按钮的次数就越多。

"These results establish that social media engagement follows basic, cross-species principles of reward learning," Professor David Amodio, study author from the New York University and the University of Amsterdam, said in a statement. "These findings may help us understand why social media comes to dominate daily life for many people and provide clues, borrowed from research on reward learning and addiction, to how troubling online engagement may be addressed."

“这些结果表明，社交媒体互动遵循基本的、跨物种的奖励学习原则，”纽约大学和阿姆斯特丹大学的戴维·阿莫迪奥（David Amodio）教授在声明中说。“这些发现可能有助于我们理解为何社交媒体会主导许多人的日常生活，并从奖励学习和成瘾研究中借鉴解决沉迷社交媒体问题的线索。”

The study was recently reported in the journal Nature Communications.

这项研究最近发表在《自然通讯》（Nature Communications）杂志上。

For the study, the researchers started by analyzing over one million posts from over 4,000 people on Instagram and other social media platforms. By looking at the frequency of posts, they found that people entered a rhythm of posting that maximizes how many "likes" they receive on average – i.e. posting more often in response to a high number of likes and less frequently when they receive fewer likes. This, the researchers argue, could be considered a form of reward maximization. This is a phenomenon seen in animals seeking food which explains how behavior is driven and reinforced by rewards.

在这项研究中，研究人员首先分析了Instagram和其他社交媒体平台上4000多人的100多万条帖子。通过观察发布频率，研究人员发现人们会根据点赞数量调整发帖节奏——即在获得大量点赞时更频繁地发布，而在获得较少点赞时则减少发布。研究人员认为，这可以被视为一种奖励最大化的形式。这种现象在动物寻找食物时也能观察到，它解释了行为是如何受到奖励驱动和强化的。

To dig deeper into this question, the team gathered 176 people to take part in an online experiment where they posted memes and received likes on an Instagram-like platform. Once again, they discovered that people posted more the more successful their posts were, another example of basic reward learning behavior similar to that in animals looking for snacks.

为了深入探讨这个问题，研究团队召集了176人参加在线实验，让他们在类似Instagram的平台上发布段子以获得点赞。研究人员再次发现，帖子越受欢迎，人们发布的就越多，这又是一个基本奖励学习行为的例子，类似于动物寻找食物的行为。

The researchers were hesitant to say whether this study affirms the addictive properties of social media, arguing there could be a number of other motivations to post on social media in addition to reward-seeking, such as self-expression to relationship development. Nevertheless, an increasing number of people are engaging in social media and smartphone use that could be described as addictive and problematic.

对于这项研究是否证实了社交媒体的成瘾特性，研究人员持谨慎态度，他们认为，除了寻求奖励之外，人们在社交媒体上发帖还有很多其他动机，比如自我表达、关系发展等。尽管如此，越来越多的人在使用社交媒体和智能手机时可能会上瘾并产生依赖。

Earlier this month, scientists at King's College London released a study that looked at over 1,000 young people in the UK and concluded that nearly 40 percent displayed some degree of smartphone addiction. Paired with this, those with smartphone addiction were more likely to experience poor sleep.

本月早些时候，伦敦国王学院的科学家们发布了一项研究，他们对英国的1000多名年轻人进行了调查，得出的结论是，近40%的人有一定程度的智能手机成瘾症。与此同时，那些智能手机成瘾的人更有可能出现睡眠质量不佳问题。

20240608SpaceX星舰第四次试飞成功

SpaceX's Starship Rocket Successfully Completes 1^st Return From Space

From: The New York Times

SpaceX's launch of its giant Starship rocket accomplished a set of ambitious goals on Thursday that Elon Musk, the company's chief executive, set out before the test flight, its fourth.

周四，SpaceX成功发射了重型火箭“星舰”，实现了公司首席执行官埃隆·马斯克在这次试飞前制定的一系列雄心勃勃的目标，这是该火箭的第四次试飞。

The flight, while not a perfect success, offered a sign that Mr. Musk's vision of building the most powerful rocket ever and making it reusable could again transform a global space launch industry that his company already dominates. It is most likely encouraging for officials at NASA, which will use a version of Starship to take astronauts to the surface of the moon during its Artemis III mission, currently scheduled for late 2026.

虽然这次试飞并不完美，但它表明，马斯克制造迄今最大运载火箭，并让其能重复使用的愿景可能会再次改变全球航天发射行业，他的公司已在该行业占主导地位。对美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的官员来说，这可能是最令人鼓舞的消息，NASA将在完成“阿尔忒弥斯3号”任务时使用某种类型的“星舰”将宇航员送到月球表面，登月时间目前定在2026年底。

Bill Nelson, the administrator of NASA, offered his congratulations on X, the social media site that Mr. Musk owns.

NASA负责人比尔·尼尔森在社交媒体平台X上表达了祝贺，该平台也被马斯克拥有。

“We are another step closer to returning humanity to the Moon through #Artemis—then looking onward to Mars,” he wrote.

“我们向通过#阿尔忒弥斯让人类离重返月球又迈近了一步，然后向火星前进，”他写道。

The upper-stage Starship vehicle was lifted into space, coasted halfway around the world, survived the searing heat of re-entry and then made a water landing in the Indian Ocean, as planned.

“星舰”飞船位于火箭顶部，进入太空后，飞船绕地球飞行了半圈，经受住了重返大气层的高温烧灼，然后按计划溅落在印度洋。

During the descent, cameras on the spacecraft captured the colorful glow of gases heating up below it. At an altitude of above 30 miles, part of one of the steering flaps started falling apart, but it still held together. The view then became obstructed when debris cracked the camera lens.

在降落过程中，飞船上的摄像机捕捉到了下方的气体温度升高后发出的彩色光芒。在降到距海平面约5万米的高度时，飞船一个转向襟翼的一部分逐渐开始破损，但没有完全解体。接下来的视频拍摄因镜头被碎片击破受到了妨碍。

“The question is how much of the ship is left,” Kate Tice, one of the hosts of the SpaceX broadcast said.

“问题是飞船还剩下多大部分，”SpaceX直播节目的主持人之一凯特·泰斯说。

But real-time data continued to stream back, via SpaceX's Starlink internet satellites, to company's headquarters in Hawthorne, Calif., all the way until the altitude was reported at 0 — back to the surface of the Indian Ocean.

尽管摄像机不再工作，但实时数据继续通过SpaceX的“星链”卫星互联网传回公司位于加利福尼亚州霍桑的总部，直到飞船报出了零海拔高度，也就是降到了印度洋面。

A final maneuver to flip Starship to a vertical position just before landing was commande.

溅落之前，飞船收到了翻转为垂直状态的命令。

“Despite loss of many tiles and a damaged flap, Starship made it all the way to a soft landing in the ocean!” Mr. Musk wrote on X.

“尽管损失了许多陶瓷瓦片，襟翼也受到了损坏，但‘星舰'还是成功地在海上软溅落了！”马斯克在X上写道。

A crowd of onlooking SpaceX employees outside mission control, cheered wildly, seeing the outcome as a validation of the company's break-it-then-fix-it approach to engineering.

在任务控制中心外，一群观看直播的SpaceX员工极为兴奋地欢呼雀跃起来，他们将这次成功视为确认了公司用“先创再修”(break-it-then-fix-it)方法进行工程设计的有效性。

Earlier in the flight, the rocket's first stage, the giant Super Heavy booster with 33 engines, was also able to perform maneuvers that in the future would take it back to the launch site. For this flight, it made a simulated landing in the Gulf of the Mexico.

火箭的第一级，也就是带有33个发动机的超极重型助推器在飞行的早些时候也完成了一些操作，这些操作以后能让其重返发射场。在这次飞行中，它在墨西哥湾完成了模拟降落动作。

20240609衬衫的价格还是九磅十五便士吗？

Comparison of specimens and field observations reveals biases in biodiversity data

From: Stanford Report

In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have assembled billions of records. Most records either come from physical specimens in a museum or digital field observations, but both are useful for detecting shifts in the number and abundance of species in an area. However, a new Stanford study has found that both record types are flawed, and the degree to which they are riddled with coverage gaps and biases depends on the kind of dataset.

在记录地球上物种灭绝前的竞赛中，研究人员和公民科学家已经收集了数十亿条记录。大多数记录要么来自博物馆中的实物标本，要么来自数字化的实地观察，这两者都有助于监测某地区物种数量和丰度的变化。然而，斯坦福大学的一项新研究发现，这两种记录类型都存在缺陷，它们所存在的覆盖缺口和偏差程度取决于数据集的类型。

Back in Charles Darwin's day, and up until relatively recently, naturalists recorded the species present in an area by collecting and preserving samples of the plants, insects, fish, birds, and other animals in a region for museums and educational collections. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, GPS coordinates, and other digital records with no corresponding physical sample of the organism they represent in a museum or herbarium.

从查尔斯·达尔文（Charles Darwin）时代到不久前，自然学家们通过收集和保存某地区的植物、昆虫、鱼类、鸟类和其他动物样本，来记录该地区的物种，供博物馆和教育机构收藏。如今，生物多样性的大多数记录通常采用照片、视频、GPS坐标等数字化记录的形式，而博物馆或标本馆中却没有与之相对应的生物实物样本。

"With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application," said Barnabas Daru, assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences.

斯坦福大学人文与科学学院生物学助理教授巴纳巴斯·达鲁（Barnabas Daru）说：“随着技术的兴起，借助移动应用程序（App）人们很容易观察到不同的物种。”

For example, if someone spots an attractive butterfly or plant, they can easily document it by taking a photo and uploading it to a biodiversity app with details such as the species' name, location, date, and time. This information becomes a valuable field observation.

例如，如果有人发现了漂亮的蝴蝶或植物，他们可以很容易地拍照记录下来，并将照片上传到生物多样性App，并附上物种名称、地点、日期和时间等详细信息。这些信息将成为宝贵的实地观察资料。

"These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens," said Daru, who is lead author of the study, published May 1 in Nature Ecology & Evolution. "And since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are these data usable?"

“现在，这些观察记录的数量超过了来自实物标本的主要数据，”该研究的第一作者达鲁说，该研究于5月1日发表在《自然生态与进化》（Nature Ecology & Evolution）杂志上。“既然我们越来越多地利用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我就想知道：这些数据有用吗？”

While other studies have explored global coverage and biases in biodiversity data, this is the first known global assessment of coverage gaps and biases in specimen versus observational records across multiple dimensions.

虽然其他研究已经探讨了生物多样性数据的全球覆盖和偏差，但这是已知的首次对标本与观察记录在多个维度上的覆盖缺口和偏差程度进行全球评估。

A digital museum 数字博物馆

Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of terrestrial plants, butterflies, amphibians, birds, reptiles, and mammals, Daru and co-author Jordan Rodriguez, tested how well each type of data captures actual global biodiversity patterns across taxonomic, geographic, temporal, and functional trait axes.

达鲁和共同作者乔丹·罗德里格斯（Jordan Rodriguez）利用包含19亿条陆生植物、蝴蝶、两栖动物、鸟类、爬行动物和哺乳动物记录的全球数据集，测试了每种类型的数据在分类、地理、时间和功能性状轴上捕获全球生物多样性实际模式的能力。

"We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to capture a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it," said Rodriguez, a University of Oregon graduate student who started collaborating with Daru at Texas A&M-Corpus Christi as an undergraduate.

“我们特别感兴趣的是研究那些容易导致数据偏差的采样因素，例如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物，而不是旁边的草丛，”俄勒冈大学（University of Oregon）的研究生罗德里格斯（Rodriguez）说，他在得克萨斯农工大学柯柏斯克里斯提分校（Texas A&M-Corpus Christi）读本科时就参与达鲁的研究工作。

For instance, to test coverage of actual biodiversity patterns in taxonomic space, they overlayed grids of different sizes (50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 km) across a digital map of the world. Within each grid cell, and for each family (e.g., ducks, geese, and waterfowl are one bird "family"), they assessed the number of documented species compared to the expected number of species for that region or family based on expert opinion.

例如，为了测试分类空间中生物多样性实际模式的覆盖情况，他们在世界数字地图上叠加了不同大小的网格（50、100、200、400、800和1600公里）。在每个网格单元内，针对每个科（例如，鸭、鹅和水禽属于同一鸟类“科”），他们评估了已记录的物种数量，并将其与根据专家意见预计的该地区或该科应有的物种数量进行比较。

Their study revealed that the superabundance of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions (North America and Europe), time periods, and organisms.

他们的研究表明，大量的观察记录并没有带来更好的全球覆盖情况。此外，这些数据存在偏差，偏向某些地区（北美和欧洲）、时间段和生物。

This makes sense because the people who capture observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording serendipitous encounters with species in areas nearby, such as roadsides, hiking trails, community parks, and neighborhoods.

这很合理，因为用移动设备捕获生物多样性观察数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们在路边、徒步路线、社区公园和社区等附近区域记录偶然遇到的物种。

Observational data are also biased toward certain organisms with attractive or eye-catching features.

观察数据还偏向于某些具有吸引力或醒目特征的生物。

"People trample on ants all the time, but if an elephant were to stroll down the street, everyone would want to know what was going on," said Daru.

达鲁说：“人们总是会踩死蚂蚁，但如果一头大象在街上漫步，每个人都会想知道发生了什么。”

In contrast, collectors of preserved specimens are often trained professionals who gather samples of plants, animals, and other organisms in remote and wilderness areas as part of their jobs.

相比之下，保存标本的采集者通常是训练有素的专业人士，他们在偏远和荒野地区采集植物、动物和其他生物样本是他们工作的一部分。

20240610西班牙竞走运动员提前庆祝被反超

Spain's Garciá-Caro pipped to European race walk bronze after early celebration

From: The Guardian

Unbridled joy turned to devastation for the Spanish race walker Laura García-Caro on the opening day of the European Athletics Championships, as a premature celebration cost her a first major medal.

在欧洲田径锦标赛的首日，西班牙竞走运动员劳拉·加西亚-卡洛（Laura García-Caro）经历了从欢欣鼓舞到失望至极的转变，只因过早庆祝胜利让她失去了首枚重要奖牌。

Five metres from the end of the women's 20km race walk in Rome, García-Caro punched the air and stuck her tongue out in triumph, thinking bronze was secure.

在罗马举行的女子20公里竞走比赛中，距离终点还有5米时，加西亚-卡洛挥拳庆祝并吐出舌头，以为自己稳获铜牌。

But she was left red-faced as the Ukrainian Lyudmila Olyanovska made up a 50-metre gap before brushing past her a stride before the line.

但就在此时，迅速追上了50米差距的乌克兰运动员柳德米拉·奥利亚诺夫斯卡（Lyudmila Olyanovska）在终点线前超过了她，让她满脸涨得通红。

García-Caro had been so confident of a medal that she grabbed a Spanish flag in the final stages of the race, which ended in the Stadio Olimpico. But she failed to look up at the big screen to see the Ukrainian was closing. When she turned to her right as she felt her rival approaching, she gave a look of horror, realising her dreams had suddenly been shattered.

比赛终点设在罗马奥林匹克体育场。加西亚-卡洛对获得奖牌充满信心，以至于她在比赛的最后阶段拿起了一面西班牙国旗。但她没有抬头看大屏幕，也没有看到乌克兰运动员正在逼近。当她感受到对手接近时转头看向右边，露出了惊恐的表情，意识到自己的梦想瞬间破灭。

To make matters worse, Olyanovska served a four-year doping ban between 2015 and 2019 for an adverse analytical finding. “I was really tired on the last lap,” García-Caro said. “I did my best.”

更糟糕的是，奥利亚诺夫斯卡在2015年至2019年期间因违禁药物而被禁赛四年。“最后一圈我真的很累，”加西亚-卡洛说。“我已经尽力了。”

Olyanovska, meanwhile, dedicated the medal to her country. “It is a very emotional moment for me,” she said. “Of course, I was tired in the last kilometre and last metres, but I wanted to win this medal for my country so much.

奥利亚诺夫斯卡则将这枚奖牌献给了她的国家。“这对我来说是非常激动人心的时刻，”她说。“当然，我在最后一公里和最后几米时很累，但我非常想为祖国赢得这枚奖牌。”

“Nowadays there is a war in Ukraine. We train under very difficult conditions, it was very hard preparation but I am very glad I managed to bring a medal home. This was what was pushing me to the finish the most.

“现在乌克兰正在经历战争。我们在非常艰苦的条件下训练，准备工作非常困难，但我很高兴能带回一枚奖牌。这是我冲向终点的最大动力。”

“My little son is waiting for me at home in Ukraine, he is five years old and just for him, I pushed myself so much. I do not know even if he saw me competing today because in Ukraine the infrastructure is broken. They do not have electricity, there is no internet, no light, so I do not know if he saw me on TV.”

“我的小儿子在乌克兰家里等着我，他已经五岁了，为了他，我拼尽了全力。我不知道他是否看到了我今天的比赛，因为乌克兰的基础设施很糟糕。他们没有电，没有互联网，没有灯，所以我不知道他是否在电视上看到了我。”

The race walk was won by the Italian Olympic champion, Antonella Palmisano. The 32-year-old, with a decorative woollen flower in the colours of the Italian flag in her hair, was cheered home as she finished in 1hr 28min 08sec.

意大利奥运冠军安东内拉·帕尔米萨诺（Antonella Palmisano）夺得了本届竞走比赛冠军。这位32岁的运动员头发上戴着一朵意大利国旗颜色的毛线花，她以1小时28分08秒的成绩完成比赛，赢得了观众的欢呼。

Her compatriot Valentina Trapletti then sealed an Italian one-two, 29 seconds back, as the hosts took the first medals of the championships.

随后，她的同胞瓦伦蒂娜·特拉普莱蒂（Valentina Trapletti）以29秒之差获得第二名，确保了意大利包揽前两名，东道主夺得了本届锦标赛的首枚奖牌。

Olyanovska and García-Caro shared the same time – 1:28:48 – but that came as no consolation to the Spaniard, who looked dazed as what happened to her began to sink in.

奥利亚诺夫斯卡和加西亚-卡洛的成绩相同，都是1小时28分48秒，但这并不能安慰加西亚-卡罗，她在意识到发生了什么后显得目瞪口呆。

20240611苹果官宣将接入ChatGPT

Apple introduces 'Apple Intelligence,' new OpenAI partnership as AI takes centre stage

From: The Wall Street Journal

Apple joined the AI race, saying it plans to bring a more personalized version of artificial intelligence to its 2.2 billion device users -- including striking a deal with ChatGPT-maker OpenAI.

苹果公司（Apple）加入人工智能（AI）竞赛，该公司周一表示计划为其22亿设备用户提供更加个性化的AI，包括与ChatGPT开发商OpenAI达成了一项协议。

The new AI system, which it called “Apple Intelligence,” offered a preview to what many consider to be the holy grail of AI, a voice assistant empowered with enough personal user information to meaningfully help complete an array of tasks. Apple has partnered with OpenAI, and its ChatGPT, for some new AI functions, such as answering more complex queries or composing messages, capabilities that Apple's AI can't handle.

这个新的AI系统被称为Apple Intelligence，它预先展示了被许多人认为是AI“圣杯”的功能，即一个掌握用户足够多个人信息的语音助手，能够真正有助益地协助用户完成一系列任务。苹果公司已与OpenAI及其ChatGPT合作开发一些新的AI功能，如回答更复杂的询问或撰写信息，这些功能是苹果公司的AI无法胜任的。

The announcement comes after the iPhone maker saw its market value stagnate compared with rivals that were quicker to incorporate generative artificial intelligence into their core products.

此前，与更快将AI融入其核心产品的竞争对手相比，iPhone制造商苹果公司的市值停滞不前。

“We think Apple Intelligence is going to be indispensable to the products that already play such an integral role in our lives,” Chief Executive Tim Cook said in the presentation.

该公司首席执行官库克（Tim Cook）在展示中说：“我们认为，Apple Intelligence将成为那些已经在我们生活中扮演重要角色的产品不可或缺的一部分。”

At its Worldwide Developers Conference, which will run throughout the week, Apple said its new software will retrieve information from across apps and scan personal information to help users proofread text, call up photographs of specific family members or gauge traffic patterns ahead of an atypical commute. Users can create images and emojis and even convert rough sketches into polished diagrams.

在将持续一周的全球开发者大会（Worldwide Developers Conference）上，苹果公司表示，其新软件将从各应用程序中检索信息并扫描个人信息，以帮助用户校对文本、调用特定家庭成员的照片或在非常规通勤前评估交通状况。用户还可以创建图像和表情符号，甚至将粗糙的草图转换成精致的图表。

An updated Siri will be able to better understand natural language, process contextual information and take action inside apps. Developers can use new tools to take advantage of the AI systems, a prospect that has excited some investors who have hoped that Apple could leverage its App Store to unveil new products. Most of these new Apple capabilities will be available later this year.

升级后的Siri将能更好地理解自然语言，处理上下文信息，并在应用程序内采取行动。开发人员可以使用新工具来利用该AI系统，这一前景令一些投资者感到兴奋，他们希望苹果公司能利用其应用商店推出新产品。苹果的这些新功能大多将在今年晚些时候推出。

For certain complex Siri requests, Apple will surface a prompt to ask if the user wants to connect with ChatGPT to get a better answer. Apple is also allowing ChatGPT to connect with other areas of the operating system, such as using the AI to help with composing text. Apple said it gives users the ability to control when and if they want to use ChatGPT.

对于某些复杂的Siri请求，苹果会出现提示，询问用户是否希望连接ChatGPT以获得更好的答案。苹果还将允许ChatGPT与操作系统的其他区域连接，例如使用AI帮助撰写文本。苹果表示，用户可以控制何时以及是否要使用ChatGPT。

Apple also announced the ability to connect to external AIs and said that it planned to add support for additional artificial-intelligence systems in the future. The company has held talks with Cohere and Alphabet's Google, the Journal has reported.

苹果公司还宣布了连接外部AI的功能，并表示计划在未来增加对其他AI系统的支持。据《华尔街日报》报道，该公司已与Cohere和Alphabet旗下的谷歌进行了磋商。

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, who was on hand at the Apple event but didn't speak during the livestreamed broadcast, said that he was grateful for the opportunity to integrate ChatGPT into Apple's devices. “[T]hink you will really like it,” he said on X. Apple said the ChatGPT-based functions will be available later this year.

OpenAI首席执行官阿尔特曼（Sam Altman）说，他感谢能有机会将ChatGPT整合到苹果设备中。他在X上发帖称：“我想你们会非常喜欢它。”阿尔特曼出席了苹果公司的这次活动，但没有在现场直播中发言。苹果公司表示，基于ChatGPT的功能将于今年晚些时候推出。

Privacy is at the heart of Apple's new AI capabilities, a feature that could further lock users into its ecosystem. Most processing will be done on a device instead of shipping to the servers in the cloud. But the company said for running larger AI models Apple will keep it private by running its own servers with what it calls Private Cloud Compute. It will only send data relevant to the task to these servers. The data isn't stored or accessible by Apple for further training, the company said.

隐私是苹果公司新AI功能的核心，这一功能可能会进一步将用户锁定在其生态系统中。大部分处理工作将在设备上完成，而不是发送到云端的服务器上。但该公司表示，在运行大型AI模型时，苹果公司将通过所谓的“私有云计算”（Private Cloud Compute）来运行自己的服务器，以保持其私密性。该公司只会向这些服务器发送与任务相关的数据。该公司表示，苹果不会存储或访问这些数据用于进一步的模型训练。

Elon Musk, who is developing a rival AI system dubbed xAI, said that if Apple integrates OpenAI “at the OS level,” he plans to ban Apple devices at his companies. “That is an unacceptable security violation,” he said on X.

马斯克（Elon Musk）表示，如果苹果公司“在操作系统层面”整合OpenAI，他计划在自己的公司禁用苹果设备。他在X上发帖称：“这是不可接受的安全违规行为。” 马斯克也在开发一款AI系统，名为xAI。

20240612新加坡门将火了

S'pore Goalkeeper Hassan Sunny Celebrated By Chinese Fans After Match Against Thailand, His Nasi Padang Stall Gets Over 70 5-Star Reviews From Them In The Past 12 Hours

From: 8days

Some Chinese netizens have reportedly started sending money to his business via AliPay using screenshots of his stall's QR code. All that because he prevented Thailand from scoring more than three goals, hence ensuring China's advancement into the next round of World Cup qualifiers.

据报道，一些中国网友已经通过支付宝（AliPay）向他的摊位转账，这一切都是因为他阻止了泰国队进三球以上，从而确保了中国队晋级下一轮世界杯预选赛。

Singaporeans may be a little miffed with our local football team after last week's poor showing against the South Koreans and losing to Thailand yesterday (June 11) 1-3.

上周对阵韩国队的比赛中新加坡队表现不佳，昨天（6月11日）又以1比3输给了泰国队，新加坡人可能对我们的本地足球队有些恼火。

But for Lions goalkeeper Hassan Sunny, he is now the toast of Chinese football fans, with many hailing him as a hero after he prevented Thailand from scoring more then three goals against Singapore.

但对于狮队门将哈桑·桑尼（Hassan Sunny）来说，他现在是中国球迷的宠儿，因为他在比赛中阻止了泰国进三球以上，许多人将他誉为英雄。

This has allowed China to advance to the next round of World Cup qualifiers.

这使得中国队得以晋级下一轮世界杯预选赛。

Since the match, the 40-year-old has trended on Chinese social media platforms such as Douyin, Weibo, and WeChat, allegedly crashing the sites for a bit as Chinese netizens surfed for more information on him.

比赛结束后，这位40岁的球员在抖音、微博和微信等中国社交媒体平台上成为热门话题，据称，许多网友涌入搜索更多他的信息，甚至一度导致网站崩溃。

A quick check on Hassan's Instagram also showed multiple comments in Mandarin praising his good looks, with one writing a short bio on his age, height and, career highlights.

快速浏览哈桑的Instagram账号，你会发现有很多中文评论称赞他长得帅，其中一条还简要介绍了他的年龄、身高和职业生涯亮点。

“Bro saved China!” wrote an appreciative netizen while another proclaimed Hassan as a “great benefactor of Chinese football” and "The world's best goalkeeper".

一位网友感激地写道：“兄弟拯救了中国！”另一位网友则称哈桑是“中国足球的大恩人”和“全球最佳门将”。

In a bid to show their gratefulness, some even went as far as to earmark his nasi padang hawker stall, Dapur Hassan in Tampines, as a must-visit for Chinese tourists.

为了表达他们的感激之情，有些网友甚至将他位于淡滨尼（Tampines）的Dapur Hassan椰浆饭摊位指定为中国游客的必游之地。

Google Maps also showed the spillover effect from going viral overnight with more than 70 five-star reviews in the last 12 hours alone.

其一夜爆红的连锁反应从谷歌地图中也可以看出，仅过去12小时内就新增了70多条五星好评。

“Although I haven't been there, the player's food must be delicious!” said one review, “I'm hungry and I now want to go to Singapore for coconut rice”, wrote a netizen.

一条评论这样写道：“虽然我没去过那里，但这个球员的食物一定很美味！”另一位网友说：“我饿了，我现在想去新加坡吃椰浆饭”。

According to comments on Reddit, some even took their support to the next level by allegedly taking snapshots of Dapur Hassan's QR code to transfer money via Alipay.

根据Reddit上的评论，有些人甚至更进一步，拍下了该摊位的支付宝收款码，通过支付宝转账以示支持。

We wonder what Hassan thinks about his sudden popularity with the Chinese.

不知道哈桑对他突然受到中国人的欢迎作何感想。

Singapore football fans naturally gave their take on his instant celebrity status saying, “Things are looking bright for Sunny!” while others advised Hassan to strike while the iron is hot and consider live streaming in China.

新加坡球迷自然会对哈桑的爆红发表看法：“桑尼的前途一片光明！”还有人建议哈桑趁热打铁，考虑在中国进行直播。

Now shouldn't we show our local boys more love here too?

现在，我们是不是也应该多给本地球员一些支持呢？

20240613马斯克被曝与SpaceX多名员工有染

Elon Musk's Boundary-Blurring Relationships With Women at SpaceX

From: BBC

When Elon Musk personally contacted a former SpaceX engineering intern to discuss a role on his executive staff in 2017, the woman spoke with excitement to her friends about a high-profile problem-solving role at the rocket company, a dream for someone a few years out of college.

2017年，马斯克（Elon Musk）亲自联系了SpaceX一名前工程实习生，讨论在公司高管团队任职的事情，当时这名女性兴奋地向朋友们讲述了在这家火箭公司担任解决问题的重要角色的机会，这对于一个大学毕业没几年的人来说是梦寐以求的。

She and Musk had met years earlier during her internship, when she was still in college. She'd approached him with ideas for improving SpaceX. Her outreach had led to a date, which led to a kiss, and eventually sex, she told friends. The year after her internship, the billionaire had the fresh college graduate flown out to a resort in Sicily, before they ended things, according to documents reviewed by The Wall Street Journal.

她在几年前实习时与马斯克相识，当时她还在上大学。她曾向马斯克提出了改进SpaceX的想法。她告诉朋友们，她的主动接触促成了一次约会，两人进而接吻，最终发生了性关系。据《华尔街日报》（The Wall Street Journal）看到的文件显示，在她实习后的第二年，马斯克曾让这位刚毕业的大学生飞到西西里岛一个度假胜地，后来他们结束了关系。

Musk, who is more than 20 years her senior, attempted to restart their relationship but she rejected his advance. They remained close as she tried to establish herself in the new job.

比她年长20多岁的马斯克试图重新开始他们的关系，但她拒绝了他的追求。在她努力适应新工作的过程中，他们保持着密切关系。

He texted her often and invited her to come over to his Los Angeles mansion at night on multiple occasions. Sometimes she accepted his invitations, but friends said she told them at the time that his behavior made her job harder.

马斯克经常给她发短信，并多次邀请她晚上去他在洛杉矶的豪宅。有时她会接受他的邀请，但朋友们说她当时告诉他们，马斯克的行为让她的工作变得更加困难。

She eventually moved off Musk's executive team, according to friends she told and to people familiar with her time at SpaceX. The woman left the company in 2019.

据从她口中获知消息的朋友和熟悉她在SpaceX工作的人说，她最终离开了马斯克的高管团队。这位女士于2019年离开了SpaceX。

Her lawyers, who also represent Musk, provided the Journal with two affidavits signed by the woman. The affidavits disputed some aspects of the Journal's reporting but confirmed many others, including that she had a romantic relationship with Musk in the past. She said she invited him to dinner near the end of her summer internship and broke things off the following year.

她的律师团也是马斯克的代理律师团，他们向《华尔街日报》提供了两份由该女士签署的书面陈述。该书面陈述对《华尔街日报》报道的某些方面提出质疑，但证实了许多其他消息，包括她过去曾与马斯克有过恋爱关系。她说，在暑期实习快结束时，她曾邀请马斯克共进晚餐，然后在第二年分手了。

She said at no point during employment at SpaceX from 2017 to 2019 was there any “romantic relationship” with Musk.

她说，她在2017年至2019年于SpaceX任职期间，从未与马斯克有过任何“恋爱关系”。

“Nothing that Elon Musk did towards me during either of my periods of employment at SpaceX was predatory or wrongful in any way,” the woman said.

这位女士说：“马斯克在我受雇于SpaceX的两个阶段对我所做的一切都不是掠夺性或不正当的。”

She is one of several female employees at SpaceX who have told friends, family, or the company itself, that Musk showed them an unusual amount of attention or pursued them.

SpaceX的几位女员工曾告诉朋友、家人或公司本身，马斯克对她们表现出了不同寻常的关注或曾追求她们。这位女士是其中之一。

One woman, a SpaceX flight attendant, alleged that in 2016 Musk exposed himself to her and offered to buy her a horse in exchange for sex acts.

SpaceX的一名空乘人员曾指称，2016年，马斯克曾向她裸露身体，并提出给她买一匹马，以换取性行为。

Another woman who left the company in 2013 alleged in exit negotiations with SpaceX human resources and legal executives that Musk had asked her to have his babies.

另一名于2013年离开SpaceX的女性在与公司人力资源和法律主管进行离职谈判时声称，马斯克曾要求她为他生孩子。

A fourth woman had a month-long sexual relationship with Musk in 2014 while she directly reported to him. The relationship ended badly, leading to recriminations over text and email as she left the company and signed an agreement prohibiting her from discussing her work for Musk.

第四位女性在2014年与马斯克发生了持续一个月的性关系，当时她直接向马斯克汇报工作。这段关系以糟糕的方式结束，导致她在离开SpaceX时双方通过短信和电子邮件相互指责。她还签署了一份协议，不得讨论为马斯克工作的事情。

Former SpaceX executives, as well as fired SpaceX employees who complained to the National Labor Relations Board in 2022, say a high-level group around Musk fails to apply his company's own rules to the CEO, contributing to a culture of sexism and harassment.

SpaceX的前高管以及2022年向美国全国劳资关系委员会（National Labor Relations Board）投诉的SpaceX被解雇员工称，马斯克身边的高层团队未能将公司自己的规定适用于这位首席执行官，助长了性别歧视和骚扰文化。

They say there's an understanding that Musk, a charismatic leader with many fans who call him a genius, can act with impunity. “Elon is SpaceX, and SpaceX is Elon,” one former engineer recalled an executive saying during a June 2022 meeting after the firings of some of the SpaceX employees, who had criticized Musk and demanded greater accountability at the company.

他们说，马斯克可以逍遥法外，这一点已经形成共识。马斯克是一位魅力十足的领导者，有很多粉丝称他为天才。一位前工程师记得一位高管曾在2022年6月的一次会议上说：“埃隆就是SpaceX，SpaceX就是埃隆。”这次会议之前一些曾批评马斯克并要求公司加强问责制的SpaceX员工被解雇。

Musk, who is one of the richest men in the world, leads companies including the publicly traded electric-vehicle maker Tesla, rocket-maker SpaceX and social-media platform X.

马斯克是全球最富有的人之一，他领导的公司包括上市电动汽车制造商特斯拉（Tesla）、火箭制造商SpaceX和社交媒体平台X。

20240614欧美开始流行笨手机

Adults and teens turn to 'dumbphones' to cut screen time

From: BBC

Adults and teens concerned about their screen time are turning in their smartphones for “dumber” models.

越来越多的成年人和青少年开始关注自己的屏幕使用时间，并将智能手机换成了“傻瓜式”手机。

Buried in the settings of many smartphones is the option to look up how much on average you are staring at your phone per day.

许多智能手机的设置中都有一个选项，可以查看你平均每天使用手机的时间。

It can bring an uncomfortable realisation, that what was supposed to be a useful piece of technology has become an obsession.

这可能会让人感到不安，因为本应是有用的科技产品却变成了一种困扰。

“Social media is built around FOMO (fear of missing out), so I felt like I couldn't get off it,” 16-year-old Luke Martin, from Canada, told the BBC.

16岁的卢克·马丁（Luke Martin）来自加拿大，他在接受英国广播公司（BBC）采访时表示：“社交媒体是围绕错失恐惧症（FOMO）而建立的，所以我觉得自己离不开它。”

“Instantly I got Instagram and it was a downward spiral.”

“我一开始用Instagram，情况就开始恶化。”

Luke is not alone.

卢克并不是唯一有这种感觉的人。

According to a study by Harvard University, using social networking sites lights up the same part of the brain that is also triggered when taking an addictive substance. This has raised concerns about phone habits among youth.

哈佛大学的一项研究表明，使用社交媒体网站会激活大脑中与使用成瘾性物质时相同的部分。这引发了人们对年轻人手机使用习惯的担忧。

In the UK, research by Ofcom estimates that around a quarter of children aged five to seven years old now have their own smartphone.

据英国通信管理局（Ofcom）的研究估计，在英国，大约四分之一的5至7岁儿童现在都有自己的智能手机。

Links have been shown in some studies between use of social media and a negative effect on mental health - especially in children.

一些研究表明，社交媒体的使用与心理健康的负面影响之间存在联系，尤其是对儿童而言。

Some campaigners want age limits to be introduced for smartphone use. Others, like Luke, are choosing to swap their smartphones for much simpler devices, so-called “dumbphones”.

有人提议对智能手机的使用设置年龄限制。还有一些人，比如卢克，选择把智能手机换成更简单的设备，即所谓的“笨手机”。

His new phone only has texts, calls, maps, and a few other limited tools.

他的新手机只有短信、电话、地图和其他一些有限的功能。

“My friends' usage is like four to five hours I think, and that's how much mine used to be before I got this,” he said.

他说：“我朋友的手机使用时间大概是四到五个小时，而我在买‘笨手机’之前也是这样。”

“Now mine's like 20 minutes a day which is really good because I only use it for what I need it for.”

“现在我每天只用20分钟，因为我只在我需要的时候用它。”

Parents are also turning to dumbphones, not only for their children, but to help themselves be more present for their families.

家长们也开始使用“笨手机”，不仅是为了孩子，也是为了帮助自己更多地陪伴家人。

Lizzy Broughton, who has a five-year-old son, recently bought an old-school style Nokia “flip” phone.

莉兹·布劳顿（Lizzy Broughton）有一个5岁的儿子，她最近买了一部老式的诺基亚“翻盖”手机。

“It helped me recalibrate my own habits, I have way more quality time with my son,” she explained.

她解释说：“这让我重新调整了自己的习惯，我和儿子有更多的美好时光。”

She says that when it's time for him to get his own phone, she'll choose a similarly pared-down model.

她说，当儿子要买自己的手机时，她也会选择类似的简化版。

“It doesn't feel like the best idea to just start with a smartphone,” she said. “It's like we're handing over the world, like try to figure out how to navigate that.”

她说：“一开始就用智能手机，感觉不是个好主意。这就像把整个世界交给他，让他自己去摸索如何驾驭一样。”

Sales of dumbphones have been increasing in North America. At Dumbwireless in Los Angeles, store-owners Daisy Krigbaum and Will Stults cater to customers looking for low-tech devices.

在北美，“笨手机”销量一直在增长。在洛杉矶的Dumbwireless商店，店主黛西·克里格鲍姆（Daisy Krigbaum）和威尔·斯图尔特（Will Stults）专门为寻找低科技设备的顾客提供服务。

“We have a lot of parents looking to get their kid that first phone, and they don't want them drifting off on the internet,” he said.

他说：“我们有很多父母希望给孩子买第一部手机，他们不希望孩子沉迷于网络。”

But giving up the smartphone is easier said than done. Mr Stults said some schools require pupils to have certain apps. And it is difficult to hold the line when children see their friends being given expensive smartphones, said Ms Broughton.

但放弃智能手机说起来容易做起来难。斯图尔特说，有些学校要求学生使用某些应用程序。布劳顿说，当孩子们看到朋友们拥有昂贵的智能手机时，就很难再坚持下去了。

One workaround is a device called “unpluq”, which you tap against the phone to wirelessly block certain apps, like social media.

一种解决方法是使用名为“unpluq”的设备，用手轻触手机，就可以无线屏蔽某些应用程序，如社交媒体。

There are several phones that have now been developed particularly for users who want to avoid an addiction to mindless scrolling.

现在已经有几款专门为那些希望避免沉迷于无脑刷屏的用户开发的手机。

Chris Kaspar founded the company Techless to develop an “intentionally boring” but sleek device that looks much like an iPhone. The latest version is dubbed the “Wisephone II”.

克里斯·卡斯帕尔（Chris Kaspar）创办了Techless公司，旨在开发一款“故意让人觉得无聊”但外观很像iPhone的时尚设备。最新版本被称为“Wisephone II”。

“It has no icons, just words, two colours, and two fonts.” He describes it as “very peaceful, very tranquil”.

“它没有图标，只有文字、两种颜色和两种字体。”他形容这款手机“非常平和，非常宁静”。

It will have some limited third-party tools, such as the taxi application Uber, but no social media.

它将拥有一些有限的第三方工具，比如打车应用Uber，但没有社交媒体。

“We're asking this question—what's actually good for us?” Mr Kaspar said.

“我们在问这样一个问题——什么才是真正对我们有益的？”卡斯帕尔说。

20240615四级阅读提到霉霉

Present Bias: Why You Don't Give a Damn About Your Future Self

From: Todoist

Hal Hershfield, a psychologist at the UCLA Anderson School of Management, wanted to know why people weren't saving for retirement.

加州大学洛杉矶分校安德森管理学院（UCLA Anderson School of Management）心理学家哈尔·赫什菲尔德（Hal Hershfield）想知道人们为什么不为退休存钱。

Across the board, people are living longer. Logically, they'll need more money to live comfortably in their post-work years. And yet, savings rates in the US have gone down in recent decades, not up. The average American within 15 years of retirement age saves at only one-third of the rate required to maintain their current standard of living. Why do people spend today at the expense of their future well-being?

从整体上看，人们的寿命越来越长。按理说，人们需要更多的钱来安度晚年。然而，近几十年来，美国的储蓄率不升反降。距离退休年龄还有15年的美国人平均储蓄率仅为维持当前生活水平所需储蓄率的三分之一。为什么人们宁愿现在花钱，也不愿为未来的福祉存钱？

To help explain this seemingly irrational behavior, Hershfield and his team scanned the brains of study participants while asking them to what degree various traits — like “honorable” or “funny” — applied to their current self, their future self, a current other, or a future other.

为了帮助解释这种看似不合理的行为，赫什菲尔德和他的团队扫描了研究参与者的大脑，同时询问他们各种特质（如“正直”或“有趣”）在多大程度上适用于“当前的自己”、“未来的自己”、“当前的他人”或“未来的他人”。

As participants answered, Hershfield's team recorded which parts of their brains lit up.

当参与者回答时，赫什菲尔德的团队记录下他们大脑的活跃区域。

Unsurprisingly, people's brains were most active when thinking about their current selves and least active when thinking about a current other. (Humans tend to be a self-oriented bunch, after all.) It was in comparing these brain scans to those taken while thinking about the Future Self where things got interesting.

不出所料，人们的大脑在思考“当前的自己”时最为活跃，而在思考“当前的他人”时则最不活跃。（毕竟，人类往往是以自我为导向的。）而当将这些大脑扫描结果与思考“未来的自己”时的大脑扫描结果进行比较后，事情变得有趣起来。

Hershfield's team found that participants' brain activity while considering their Future Selves more closely resembled brain activity while thinking about a current other rather than the current self.

赫什菲尔德的团队发现，参与者在思考“未来的自己”时的大脑活动更像是在思考“当前的他人”，而非“当前的自己”。

Put in practical terms, when thinking of yourself in a month or a year or a decade, your brain registers that person in ways similar to how it would register Taylor Swift or the mailman or the lady driving the car in the next lane over. Understood in that way, saving for retirement is the neurological equivalent of giving money away to someone else entirely. Acting in your own self-interest (as your brain so narrowly defines it), it becomes perfectly logical to not save for retirement.

换句话说，当你思考一个月、一年或十年后的自己时，你的大脑会以类似于思考当前的泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）、邮递员或隔壁车道上开车的女士的方式来处理。从这个角度理解，为退休存钱在神经学上就相当于把钱完全捐给了别人。从自身利益出发（你的大脑对自身利益的定义如此狭隘），不为退休存钱就变得完全合乎逻辑。

For the chronic procrastinators of the world (myself very much included), Hershfield's findings are both comforting and horrifying. It's definitive proof our tendency to put things off isn't a moral failing but a neural one — our brains are wired to put our Present Selves first. (You have my blessing to use that sentence on your boss the next time you miss a deadline.)

对于世界上长期有拖延症的人（包括我自己）来说，赫什菲尔德的发现既令人欣慰又令人恐怖。这充分证明，我们的拖延倾向并不是道德上的缺陷，而是神经系统的问题——我们的大脑天生就把“当前的自己”放在第一位。（下次你错过截止日期时，可以把这句话告诉你的老板。）

On the other hand, the problem of working toward long-term goals feels more insurmountable than ever. We're not just fighting our willpower (or lack thereof), but our neurological wiring.

另一方面，为实现长期目标而努力的问题似乎比以往任何时候都更加难以克服。我们不仅要与自己的意志力（或缺乏意志力）作斗争，还要与自己的神经系统作斗争。

In light of Hershfield's study and others like it, I wanted to answer one simple question: Is it possible to make our Present Selves give a damn about our Future Selves? The answers I found were anything but simple.

鉴于赫什菲尔德的研究和其他类似研究，我想回答一个简单的问题：有没有可能让我们的“当前的自己”关心“未来的自己”？我找到的答案并不简单。

20240616凯特公开露面

Princess of Wales makes first public appearance since cancer diagnosis

From: The Guardian

The Princess of Wales watched the spectacle of the trooping the colour ceremony from the windows of a major general's office, along with her three children, Prince George, Princess Charlotte and Prince Louis, in her first public appearance since revealing her cancer diagnosis.

威尔士王妃凯瑟琳在少将办公室的窗户旁，与她的三个孩子乔治王子、夏洛特公主和路易斯王子一起观看了阅兵仪式盛况。这是她公布确诊癌症后的首次公开亮相。

Catherine, who wore white with navy details, was seen earlier smiling and talking to her children, who were dressed in navy and white, in their carriage before they arrived at Horse Guards Parade in Whitehall. The Princess of Wales, who is the regiment's colonel, also wore an Irish Guards regimental brooch. They were cheered by crowds in the Mall as they left Buckingham Palace.

威尔士王妃凯瑟琳身穿白色衣服，配有海军蓝色点缀。早些时候，在抵达白厅街的骑兵卫队阅兵场（Horse Guards Parade）前，人们看到她在马车里微笑着与孩子们交谈，孩子们也穿着海军蓝和白色的服装。身为爱尔兰卫队上校的她还佩戴了爱尔兰卫队的团徽胸针。当他们离开白金汉宫时，沿途的人群欢呼雀跃。

King Charles and Queen Camilla were riding in a carriage in their royal procession ahead of the Princess of Wales.

查尔斯国王和卡米拉王后乘坐一辆马车，走在威尔士王妃前面。

The Princess of Wales was photographed prior to that arriving at Buckingham Palace by car before the parade.

在游行前，威尔士王妃被拍到乘车抵达白金汉宫。

Ahead of the event, Kate said in a statement: “I'm looking forward to attending the King's birthday parade this weekend with my family and hope to join a few public engagements over the summer, but equally knowing I am not out of the woods yet.

凯特在活动开始前发表声明说：“我很期待本周末与家人一起参加国王的生日游行，并希望在夏天参加一些公开活动，但我同样知道自己还未完全康复。”

“I am learning how to be patient, especially with uncertainty. Taking each day as it comes, listening to my body and allowing myself to take this much needed time to heal.”

“我正在学习如何保持耐心，尤其是面对不确定性。过好每一天，倾听内心的声音，让自己有足够的时间恢复。”

The Princess of Wales said she was making “good progress” but “there are good days and bad days”. “On those bad days you feel weak, tired and you have to give in to your body resting. But on the good days, when you feel stronger, you want to make the most of feeling well.” She added that her treatment will continue “for a few more months”.

威尔士王妃说，她正取得“良好的进展”，但“日子有好有坏”。“在那些糟糕的日子里，你会感到虚弱、疲惫，你不得不让自己的身体休息。但在好日子里，当你感觉更好时，你就会想充分利用这种状态”。她补充说，她的治疗还将持续“几个月”。

A Buckingham Palace spokesperson said: “His Majesty is delighted that the princess is able to attend tomorrow's events and is much looking forward to all elements of the day.”

白金汉宫发言人说：“国王陛下很高兴威尔士王妃能够参加明天的活动，并非常期待这一天的所有安排。”

The celebration has been held on the sovereign's official birthday for more than 260 years.

在英国君主生日当天举行庆祝活动已有260多年的历史。

In a letter read to the regiment last week, the Princess of Wales, who is undergoing chemotherapy, wrote to the Irish guards to apologise for being unable to take the salute and wished them luck. Lt Gen Sir James Bucknall will take the salute on her behalf.

上周，正在接受化疗的威尔士王妃致信爱尔兰卫队，为无法接受敬礼道歉，并祝他们好运。詹姆斯·巴克纳尔中将（Lt Gen Sir James Bucknall）将代表她接受敬礼。

The king, who is also undergoing treatment for cancer, will not ride on horseback during the ceremony, but will instead review the parade from an Ascot landau carriage. He attended his first trooping at the age of three, riding in a carriage with his grandmother, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother.

同样正在接受癌症治疗的国王将不会在仪式上骑马，而是乘坐一辆阿斯科特马车检阅游行队伍。英国国王三岁时第一次参加阅兵式，当时他和祖母伊丽莎白王太后一起乘坐马车。

More than 1,250 soldiers and hundreds of Guardsmen assembled on the parade ground to be inspected by the king from his carriage with Camilla, who is colonel of the Grenadier Guards, and accompanied by the mounted royal colonels.

1250多名士兵和数百名卫兵聚集在阅兵场上，接受国王与身为掷弹兵卫队上校的卡米拉在马车上检阅，陪同检阅的还有骑马的皇家上校。

The stands overlooking the parade ground were filled with about 8,000 family members and partners of the guardsmen and officers on parade.

俯瞰阅兵场的看台上坐满了大约8000名受阅卫兵和军官的家人和伙伴。

20240617怎样正确看待“天才”？

The Wrong Way to Treat Child Geniuses

From: The Wall Street Journal

When I was a child, I was a "genius"—the kind you sometimes see profiled on the local news. I started reading at 2. I could multiply two-digit numbers in my head when I was 5. One of my earliest memories is working out a way to generate Pythagorean triples. In third grade, I commuted to the local junior high to take geometry. Kids on the playground would sometimes test me by asking what a million times a million was—and were delighted when I knew the answer.

小时候，我是个“天才”——就是那种你有时会在本地新闻上看到的小神童。我从2岁开始阅读。5岁时我能心算两位数乘法。我最早的记忆之一是想出了一种得出勾股数的方法。小学三年级时，我开始到本地一所初中听几何课。操场上的孩子有时候会出一百万乘一百万等于几这样的题目来考我——当我报出答案时，他们会很开心。

Many advocates for gifted education are similarly delighted by kids like me, seeing us as a kind of natural resource, one we risk squandering as surely as we do fossil fuels. Some educators rebrand child prodigies as "exceptional human capital" and hold us to be the drivers of global economic competitiveness. "These are the people who are going to figure out all the riddles," the Vanderbilt University psychologist David Lubinski said in a recent interview. "Schizophrenia, cancer—they're going to fight terrorism, they're going to create patents and the scientific innovations that drive our economy. But they are not given a lot of opportunities in schools that are designed for typically developing kids."

许多倡导资优教育的人也会为我这样的孩子而感到高兴，他们将我们视为一种自然资源，一种像化石燃料一样有可能被浪费的资源。一些教育者将天才儿童说成是“超常人力资本”，将我们视为提升全球经济竞争力的动力。范德堡大学（Vanderbilt University）的心理学家戴维·卢宾斯基（David Lubinski）近期接受采访时称：“这些人将解开所有谜题，无论是精神分裂症还是癌症——他们将与恐怖主义作斗争，他们还将创造出推动经济发展的发明专利和科学创新。但在为普通儿童设计的学校里，他们并没有获得充足的发展机会。”

Hearing this sort of thing was pretty flattering when I was a child. But today, I don't think we're paying too little attention to our young geniuses. I think we're paying too much.

小时候，我会把这种话当做溢美之词。而如今我却认为，我们对小天才们关注得不是太少，而是太多了。

Dr. Lubinski and coauthor Camilla Benbow direct the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth, based at Vanderbilt, the most ambitious attempt yet to follow the life course of the prodigious child.

卢宾斯基博士与合作者卡米拉·本博（Camilla Benbow）在范德堡大学共同领导了一项名为“数学早慧少年研究”（Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth）的项目，这是迄今为止规模最大的一项追踪天才儿童人生轨迹的研究。

Since 1983, the study has tracked a group of several hundred students who, before the age of 13, scored at least 700 on the math SAT or 630 on the verbal—scores that only 1 in 10,000 children that age attain. Those students, now in their early 40s, have filed regular reports on their intellectual and professional development for decades. They're pretty developed: Some 44% of them have doctoral degrees (only 2% of the general population does); their median income was $80,000, about twice the U.S. average for people their age; and two ex-prodigies are Harvard professors. These kids don't flame bright and burn out; they start strong and keep going.

从1983年起，该研究已经追踪了数百名13岁前SAT数学成绩至少达到700分或语言成绩至少达到630分的学生，这些孩子在同龄人中所占比例仅为万分之一。这些学生目前四十岁出头，几十年来他们会定期报告自己的学术和职业发展情况。他们发展得相当不错：约44%的人拥有博士学位（普通人中比例仅为2%）；他们的收入中值达到80,000美元，约为同龄美国人平均收入的两倍；有两位当年的天才儿童现在是哈佛大学(Harvard)教授。这些孩子并没有出现江郎才尽的现象；他们天赋超常，而且在不断前进。

But here's the thing: Talent isn't a number. We would never presume to identify the great novelists of the future by counting the number of vocabulary words they knew at age 10. To think we can do the same for math and science—as if proving the Riemann hypothesis were something like getting 100,000 on the math SAT—is to adopt a depressingly impoverished view of science and its demands on its practitioners. The cult of genius tends to undervalue hard work and the productive persistence that psychologists nowadays like to call "grit"—not to mention creativity, perspective and taste, without which all those other virtues may be wasted on pointless projects.

但问题在这里：天才并不是一个数字。我们不可能依据孩子10岁时的词汇量来预测他们未来能否成为出色的小说家。如果你以为能以这种方式预测数学和科学成就（就像证明黎曼猜想和SAT数学得10万分差不多一样），那你对科学以及科学工作者所面临要求的认识就太粗浅了。“天才崇拜”往往低估了努力奋斗与持之以恒（如今心理学家喜欢把它们称为“坚毅”）的重要性——更不用说创造力、洞察力和鉴赏力了，如果没有这些，其他所有长处都可能会浪费在毫无意义的项目上。

Plucking the great scientists of the future out of their scattered middle schools is hard, perhaps impossible. Dr. Lubinski's report on the grown-up prodigies isn't called, "What Happens to Child Prodigies as Adults?" It's called, "Who Rises to the Top?" But it leaves the latter question unanswered.

从零散的中学里挖掘出未来的大科学家是很难的，也许根本不可能。卢宾斯基博士有关天才儿童长大后情况的报告不叫《天才儿童成年后是什么样？》（What Happens to Child Prodigies as Adults），而是叫《谁成了顶尖人才？》（Who Rises to the Top）。不过这份报告并没有回答后一个问题。

Those of us who managed sky-high SAT scores at 13 were 20 times as likely as the average American to get a doctorate; let's say, being charitable, that we're 100 times as likely to make a significant scientific advance. Since we're only 1 in 10,000 of the U.S. population, that still leaves 99% of scientific advances to be made by all those other kids who didn't get an early ticket to the genius club. We geniuses aren't going to solve all the riddles. Most child prodigies are highly successful—but most highly successful people weren't child prodigies.

我们这些13岁时在SAT中获得超高分的孩子取得博士学位的几率是普通美国人的20倍；让我们做个夸张的假设，假设我们取得卓越科学成就的可能性是普通人的100倍。既然我们在美国人口中所占比例仅为万分之一，那么仍有99%的科学成就是由没能早早拿到天才俱乐部入场券的孩子取得的。并非所有谜题都会由我们这些天才来解决。多数天才儿童确实非常成功——但多数非常成功的人早年并不是神童。

There is a myth that progress in mathematics is driven by the cognitive .01-percenters, marked at birth, who blaze a path for the rest of humanity to trot along. But in the real world, math is a communal enterprise. Each advance is the product of a huge network of minds working toward a common purpose, even if we accord special honor to the person who sets the final stone in the arch. As Mark Twain said, "It takes a thousand men to invent a telegraph…and the last man gets the credit and we forget the others."

我们存在一种误解，以为数学的发展是由天生智力居于前百分之零点零一的人推动的，以为他们为其他人开辟出一条前进的道路。但在现实世界中，数学其实是一项需要人们共同奋斗的事业。尽管我们会把殊荣授予那个为拱门砌上最后一块石头的人，但每一项进步都是无数人运用聪明才智，为共同目标奋斗的结果。正如马克·吐温（Mark Twain）所说：“发明电报需要一千人的努力……但荣誉只属于最后一人，我们会忘掉其他人。”

Terry Tao, a UCLA professor and a winner of the Fields Medal, the highest honor a young mathematician can achieve, once wrote: "I find the reality of mathematical research today—in which progress is obtained naturally and cumulatively as a consequence of hard work, directed by intuition, literature, and a bit of luck—to be far more satisfying than the romantic image that I had as a student of mathematics being advanced primarily by the mystic inspirations of some rare breed of 'geniuses.' "

加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）教授陶哲轩（Terry Tao）是菲尔兹奖（Fields Medal）获得者，这是授予年轻数学家的最高荣誉。他曾写道：“如今我发现，数学研究的进展是在直觉、文献和一点运气的引领下，通过共同努力，自然而然取得的，这一现实比我当学生时所怀有的一种浪漫想象——数学的发展主要是由一些罕见‘天才’的神秘灵感推动的——要让人满意得多。”

It isn't exactly wrong to say that Terry Tao and other former prodigies like him are geniuses. But it is more accurate to say that what they accomplished was genius. Genius is a thing that happens, not a kind of person.

说陶哲轩和像他一样的其他超常儿童是天才并不能算错。但更准确的说法是，他们取得了天才的成就。天才是指世界上出现的一类事情，而不是一类人。

20240618丹麦召回三款“太辣”韩国火鸡面

Denmark recalls spicy South Korean noodles over health concerns

From: AP NEWS

Food authorities in Denmark have recalled three types of spicy instant noodle products imported from South Korea over possible risks of “acute poisoning.” Consumers are asked to discard them or return the noodles to the retailer.

丹麦食品管理部门因担心“急性中毒”风险，召回了三种从韩国进口的火鸡面，并建议消费者丢弃或退回给零售商。

The noodles are made by Seoul-based Samyang Foods, one of South Korea's largest companies, and sold across the globe. The recalled noodles include Buldak Samyang 3 x Spicy & Hot Chicken, Buldak Samyang 2 x Spicy & Hot Chicken and Buldak Samyang Hot Chicken Stew.

这些火鸡面由总部位于首尔的韩国最大企业之一三养食品（Samyang Foods）公司生产，销往全球各地。被召回的面条包括三养3倍辣火鸡面、三养2倍辣火鸡面以及三养火鸡汤面。

The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration said the products contain an overly high dose of capsaicin, an active ingredient in chile peppers but also a chemical that can be a neurotoxin and a health hazard.

丹麦兽医和食品管理局表示，这些产品含有过量的辣椒素。辣椒素是辣椒中的一种活性成分，但也是一种可导致神经中毒和危害健康的化学物质。

Children and teenagers in Denmark have been daring each other on social media to eat “a strong bowl of noodle soup,” referring to the three South Korean products, the agency said.

该机构表示，丹麦青少年儿童在社交媒体上相互挑战，吃这些超级辣的韩国火鸡面。

“The noodle dishes marketed as extremely strong must no longer be sold because consumers and especially children risk acute poisoning,” it said late Tuesday. “The capsaicin content is so high that it can pose a health hazard.”

“由于消费者尤其是儿童有急性中毒的风险，因此不得再销售这些超级辣的火鸡面，”该机构表示。“辣椒素含量如此之高，可能对健康有害。”

Children and frail adults and the elderly are at risk, said Henrik Dammand Nielsen of the Danish Food and Drug Administration. Possibly symptoms include burning and discomfort, nausea, vomiting and high blood pressure, he said.

丹麦食品药品管理局的亨里克·达曼·尼尔森（Henrik Dammand Nielsen）说，儿童、体弱的成年人和老人都有风险。他说，可能出现的症状包括烧灼感和不适、恶心、呕吐和高血压。

“That is why we are now demanding shops remove the products from their shelves,” the agency said.

该机构表示：“因此，我们现在要求商店将这些产品下架。”

In a statement to reporters, Samyang said it understands that the steps taken in Denmark were not based on product quality issues but because local authorities thought “they were too spicy and could potentially cause problems.”

三养食品公司在给记者的一份声明中表示，据公司了解，丹麦采取的措施不是因为产品质量问题，而是因为丹麦有关部门认为“这些火鸡面太辣，可能会引发健康问题。”

The company said the same noodles are exported worldwide but it was the first time they were ordered to recall them in any market.

该公司表示，同样的火鸡面销往全球各地，但这是首次在某个市场被要求召回这些产品。

“We will closely study local regulations while responding to this recall measure,” the company said.

“我们将仔细研究当地法规，并积极应对这一召回措施，”该公司表示。

Spicy food challenges have been around for years. From local chile pepper eating contests to restaurant walls of fame for those who finished extra hot dishes, people around the world have been daring each other to eat especially fiery foods.

辛辣食品挑战已存在多年。从当地的吃辣椒比赛，到餐厅为吃完超辣菜肴的人设立荣誉墙，世界各地的人们一直在互相挑战吃超辣食物。

In September, a Massachusetts teen with a congenital heart defect who participated in a spicy tortilla chip challenge on social media died from eating a large quantity of chile pepper extract. An autopsy report obtained by The Associated Press showed that the 10^th grader died on Sept. 1, 2023, after eating the Paqui chip as part of the manufacturer's “One Chip Challenge.”

2023年9月，马萨诸塞州一名患有先天性心脏缺陷的青少年在社交媒体上参加了辣味玉米薯片挑战，结果因食用大量辣椒提取物而死亡。美联社获得的一份尸检报告显示，这名10年级的学生是在2023年9月1日吃了 Paqui薯片后死亡的，而该薯片制造商以“One Chip Challenge”（一片薯片挑战）为卖点。

In Denmark, a puzzled consumer reached out to the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration and asked how the instant noodles could be legal, the agency said, after which it had a lab assessing the products and determined the three noodle brands can be harmful to health, instigating the recall.

丹麦兽医和食品管理局表示，一位不解的消费者联系了该机构，询问这些方便面的合规性。该机构随后进行了实验室评估，确定这三种火鸡面可能对健康有害，因此启动了召回措施。

“It is important that parents are aware of the extreme noodle varieties and avoid them, Dammand Nielsen said.

达曼·尼尔森说：“重要的是，家长们要了解这些极辣方便面，避免让孩子食用。”

20240619研究：“混合办公”不影响工作还降低离职率

Study finds hybrid work benefits companies and employees

From: Standford Report

It is one of the most hotly debated topics in today's workplace: Is allowing employees to log in from home a few days a week good for their productivity, careers, and job satisfaction?

在当今职场中，一大热门话题是：允许员工每周居家办公几天是否有助于提高生产力、职业发展和工作满意度？

Nicholas Bloom, a Stanford economist and one of the foremost researchers on work-from-home policies, has uncovered compelling evidence that hybrid schedules are a boon to both employees and their bosses.

斯坦福大学经济学家尼古拉斯·布鲁姆（Nicholas Bloom）是居家办公政策方面最权威的研究者之一，他发现了有力证据，表明混合工作制对员工和老板都有好处。

In a study, newly published in the journal Nature, of an experiment on more than 1,600 workers at Trip.com – a Chinese company that is one of the world's largest online travel agencies – Bloom finds that employees who work from home for two days a week are just as productive and as likely to be promoted as their fully office-based peers.

最新发表在《自然》（Nature）杂志上的一项研究对全球最大在线旅行社之一、中国携程公司的1600多名员工进行了实验，布鲁姆发现，每周居家办公两天的员工与每天到办公室工作的员工同样高效，且晋升机会也相当。

On a third key measure, employee turnover, the results were also encouraging. Resignations fell by 33% among workers who shifted from working full-time in the office to a hybrid schedule. Women, non-managers, and employees with long commutes were the least likely to quit their jobs when their treks to the office were cut to three days a week. Trip.com estimates that reduced attrition saved the company millions of dollars.

在第三个关键指标——员工离职率上，结果同样令人鼓舞。从每天到办公室工作转变为混合工作制的员工辞职率下降了 33%，尤其是女性、非管理人员和通勤时间较长的员工，辞职的可能性更低。携程公司估计，这种降低离职率的做法为公司节省了数百万美元。

“The results are clear: Hybrid work is a win-win-win for employee productivity, performance, and retention,” says Bloom, who is the William D. Eberle Professor of Economics at the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences and also a senior fellow at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR).

“结果很明确：混合工作制在提高生产力、绩效和员工留任率方面是三赢，”布鲁姆说。他是斯坦福大学人文与科学学院威廉依贝尔经济学教授，也是斯坦福经济政策研究所（SIEPR）高级研究员。

The findings are especially significant given that, by Bloom's count, about 100 million workers worldwide now spend a mix of days at home and in the office each week, more than four years after COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns upended how and where people do their jobs. Many of these hybrid workers are lawyers, accountants, marketers, software engineers, and others with a college degree or higher.

根据布鲁姆的统计，自从疫情改变了人们的工作方式和地点，四年多以来，全球约有1亿员工采用了混合工作制，其中许多是律师、会计师、营销人员、软件工程师和其他拥有本科或更高学历的人，因此这些研究发现尤为重要。

Over time, though, working outside the office has come under attack from high-profile business leaders like Elon Musk, the head of Tesla, SpaceX, and X (formerly Twitter), and Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan Chase, who argue that the costs of remote work outweigh any benefits. Opponents say that employee training and mentoring, innovation, and company culture suffer when workers are not on-site five days a week.

然而，随着时间的推移，远程工作受到了像特斯拉、SpaceX和X（前身为Twitter）老板埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）和摩根大通（JPMorgan Chase）首席执行官杰米·戴蒙（Jamie Dimon）等知名商业领袖的批评，他们认为远程工作的成本超过了其收益。反对者表示，如果员工每周5天不在办公室工作，员工培训和指导、创新以及公司文化都会受到影响。

Blooms says that critics often confuse hybrid for fully remote, in part because most of the research into working from home has focused on workers who aren't required to come into an office and on a specific type of job, like customer support or data entry. The results of these studies have been mixed, though they tend to skew negative. This suggests to Bloom that problems with fully remote work arise when it's not managed well.

布鲁姆指出，批评者常常将混合工作制和完全远程办公混为一谈，部分原因是对居家办公的研究大多集中在不需要到办公室工作的员工和特定类型的工作上，比如客户支持或数据录入。这些研究的结果好坏参半，但往往偏向负面。这表明，如果管理不善，完全远程工作就会出现问题。

As one of the few randomized control trials to analyze hybrid arrangements – where workers are offsite two or three days a week and are in the office the rest of the time – Bloom says his findings offer important lessons for other multinationals, many of which share similarities with Trip.com.

作为少数几个分析混合工作制的随机对照试验之一（员工每周有两到三天不在办公室工作，其余时间在办公室工作），布鲁姆说，他的研究结果为其他跨国公司提供了重要的借鉴，许多公司与携程公司有相似之处。

“This study offers powerful evidence for why 80% of U.S. companies now offer some form of remote work,” Bloom says, “and for why the remaining 20% of firms that don't are likely paying a price.”

“这项研究有力地证明了为什么80%的美国公司现在都采取某种形式的远程工作，”布鲁姆说。“也说明了为什么剩下的20%不采取远程办公举措的公司可能要付出代价。”

The research is also the largest to date of hybrid work involving university-trained professionals that rely on the gold standard in research, the randomized controlled trial. This allowed Bloom and his co-authors to show that the benefits they identified resulted from Trip.com's hybrid experiment and not something else.

这项研究也是迄今为止最大规模的混合工作制研究之一，涉及受高等教育的专业人员，并采用了随机对照试验这一研究的“黄金标准”。布鲁姆和他的共同作者能够证明，他们所发现的好处是由于携程的混合工作制实验所带来的，而非其他因素带来。

20240620韩国会消失吗？

Is South Korea Disappearing?

From: The New York Times

For some time now, South Korea has been a striking case study in the depopulation problem that hangs over the developed world. Almost all rich countries have seen their birthrates settle below replacement level, but usually that means somewhere in the neighborhood of 1.5 children per woman. For instance in 2021 the United States stood at 1.7, France at 1.8, Italy at 1.3 and Canada at 1.4.

在困扰发达国家的人口衰减问题上，韩国成为突出案例已有一段时间了。几乎所有富裕国家的生育率都低于更替水平，但每名女性平均生育1.5名子女是比较常见的情况。比如在2021年，美国生育率为1.7，法国为1.8，意大利为1.3，加拿大为1.4。

But South Korea is distinctive in that it slipped into below-replacement territory in the 1980s but lately has been falling even more — dropping below one child per woman in 2018, to 0.8 after the pandemic, and now, in provisional data for both the second and third quarters of 2023, to just 0.7 births per woman.

韩国的不同之处在于，它在上世纪80年代就已经下滑到更替水平以下，但近年的下滑更为严重——2018年每名女性就生育不到一名子女，疫情后降至0.8人，而从2023年第二和第三季度的初步数据来看，韩国每名女性如今仅生育0.7人。

It's worth unpacking what that means. A country that sustained a birthrate at that level would have, for every 200 people in one generation, 70 people in the next one, a depopulation exceeding what the Black Death delivered to Europe in the 14^th century. Run the experiment through a second generational turnover, and your original 200-person population falls below 25. Run it again, and you're nearing the kind of population crash caused by the fictional superflu in Stephen King's “The Stand.”

我们应对这一现状进行深入剖析。如果一个国家的出生率维持在这样的水平，那就意味着这一代中的200人到下一代只会剩下70人，这比14世纪黑死病在欧洲造成的人口锐减还要厉害。当把这70人的一代再来一轮更替，原来的200人只剩下不到25人。再来一轮，差不多就是斯蒂芬·金在小说《末日逼近》（The Stand）里虚构的超级流感来袭时人口崩溃的场面了。

By the standards of newspaper columnists I am a low-birthrate alarmist, but in some ways I consider myself an optimist. Just as the overpopulation panic of the 1960s and 1970s mistakenly assumed that trends would simply continue upward without adaptation, I suspect a deep pessimism about the downward trajectory of birthrates — the kind that imagines a 22^nd-century America dominated by the Amish, say — underrates human adaptability, the extent to which populations that flourish amid population decline will model a higher-fertility future and attract converts over time.

按照报纸专栏作家的标准，我算是低生育率问题上的杞人忧天者。但在某些方面，我觉得自己还是个乐观主义者。就像在上世纪六七十年代人口过剩的恐慌曾经造成这样一种误解，即过剩趋势只会继续上升而不会有任何改变，我认为对出生率下降趋势的极度悲观情绪——比如预测22世纪的美国将由阿米什人主宰——低估了人的适应能力，低估了在人口衰减过程中繁衍下来的人类将如何塑造生育率更高的未来，并逐渐吸引更多人决定生育。

In that spirit of optimism, I don't actually think the South Korean birthrate will stay this low for decades, or that its population will drop from today's roughly 51 million to the single-digit millions that my thought experiment suggests.

本着此种乐观精神，我实际上并不认为韩国生育率会在几十年内都如此之低，也不认为其人口将从今天的近5100万锐减到我此前推断的几百万人。

But I do believe the estimates that project a plunge to fewer than 35 million people by the late 2060s — and that decline alone may be enough to thrust Korean society into crisis.

但我确实相信，到本世纪60年代末，韩国人口将降至不到3500万人，光是这样的跌幅就足以令韩国社会陷入危机了。

There will be a choice between accepting steep economic decline as the age pyramid rapidly inverts, or trying to welcome immigrants on a scale far beyond the numbers that are already destabilizing Western Europe. There will be inevitable abandonment of the elderly, vast ghost towns and ruined high rises, and emigration by young people who see no future as custodians of a retirement community. And at some point there will quite possibly be an invasion from North Korea (current fertility rate: 1.8), if its southern neighbor struggles to keep a capable army in the field.

韩国将面临一个选择：要么忍受随着年龄结构迅速倒转而引发的经济崩溃；要么尝试接纳规模远超西欧的移民（西欧移民已经造成社会不稳）。不可避免将会出现的是，老年人被遗弃，大片的鬼城和破败的高楼大厦，以及年轻人纷纷移民，因为他们看不到负担一个国家的退休老人有何未来可言。而且，如果韩国难以维持一支有作战能力的军队，它很可能将在某一刻被朝鲜（目前生育率1.8）入侵。

For the rest of the world, meanwhile, the South Korean example demonstrates that the birth dearth can get much worse much faster than the general trend in rich countries so far.

与此同时，对世界各国来说，韩国的案例表明，富裕国家当下的低生育率趋势是可能以更快的速度恶化的。

The current trend in South Korea is more than just a grim surprise. It's a warning about what's possible for us.

韩国眼下的趋势并不只是一场前景堪忧的意外。那是对我们可能面临的未来的一种警告。

20240621人要不要all in做任何事情

Why Multitasking Is Bad for You

From: TIME

For nearly all people, in nearly all situations, multitasking is impossible. When we think we're multitasking, most often we aren't really doing two things at once – but instead, individual actions in rapid succession.

对于绝大多数人来说，一心多用几乎是不可能的。当我们认为自己在进行多任务处理时，多数情况下我们并不是真的同时在完成两项任务，而只是快速地在单项任务之间切换。

The neuroscience is clear: We are wired to be mono-taskers. One study found that just 2.5% of people are able to multitask effectively. And when the rest of us attempt to do two complex activities simultaneously, it is simply an illusion.

神经科学清楚地表明：我们天生就是单任务主义者。一项研究发现，只有2.5%的人能够有效地同时处理多项任务。而大多数人试图同时进行两项复杂任务时，其实是在自欺欺人。

We know what you're thinking: Who cares? Multitasking. Mono-tasking. It's all just semantics, right?

你可能会想：谁在乎呢？多任务处理和单任务处理，不都只是说法问题吗？

Wrong.

并不是这样。

Trying more than one thing at a time — especially anything potentially dangerous, like texting while driving — seriously compromises our ability to complete the tasks safely and well. Equally important, repeatedly switching back and forth from project to project, like a hummingbird darting from flower to flower and then back to the original flower, can impair our ability to function at our finest.

尝试同时做多件事情，尤其是像边开车边发短信这样有潜在危险的事情，会严重影响我们安全且高效地完成任务。同样重要的是，反复在不同任务之间来回切换，就像蜂鸟从一朵花飞到另一朵花，然后又飞回原来的那朵花一样，会削弱我们的最佳工作状态。

Remember this the next time you're tackling two tough tasks simultaneously.

下次你同时处理两项难事时，请记住这一点。

While we should strive to center on singular tasks, we have technological devices and resources that foster the multitasking myth. Smartphone in hand, earbuds in place, we feel empowered to tackle the day's assignments all at once or to stay connected constantly.

虽然我们应该努力专注于单一任务，但我们拥有的电子设备和资源却助长了多任务处理的神话。手持智能手机，戴着耳机，我们觉得自己有能力一次性完成当天所有任务，或者时刻保持联系。

The concern among neuroscientists studying the workings of the brain is that our tendency to divide our attention, rather than focus, is hampering our ability to perform even simple tasks. This can have an extremely negative impact on:

研究大脑工作原理的神经科学家担心，我们倾向于分散注意力，而不是集中注意力，会妨碍我们完成简单任务的能力。这会对以下方面产生极其负面的影响：

Attentiveness. Those regulations against using your cell phone while driving are based on scientific data. Dual tasking (doing a linguistic or auditory task during a driving simulation) is associated with reduced activity in regions of the brain important for attention, as well as poorer driving performance. Several studies have proposed that individuals who are heavy media multitaskers adopt a style of attention control that favors parallel processing of multiple information sources over focus on one primary task. Another study compared the performances of heavy versus light media multitaskers. Surprisingly, heavy media multitaskers performed worse on tests of task-switching ability, possibly due to greater difficulties filtering out irrelevant information.

注意力。禁止在开车时使用手机的规定是有科学依据的。在驾驶模拟过程中进行语言或听觉任务的双重任务处理，会导致大脑中与注意力相关的区域活动减少，同时驾驶表现也会变差。有几项研究提出，重度媒体多任务处理者的注意力控制方式倾向于并行处理多个信息源，而不是专注于一项主要任务。另一项研究比较了重度媒体多任务者和轻度媒体多任务者的表现。令人惊讶的是，重度媒体多任务者在任务切换能力测试中表现较差，这可能是由于他们更难过滤掉无关信息。

Learning. A 1700s adage states: “There is time enough for everything in the course of the day, if you do but one thing at once. But there is not enough in the year, if you will do two things at a time.” In essence, the more we multitask the less we are able to accomplish, because we slowly lose our ability to focus enough to learn. Attention is essential to learning. If we attempt from an early age to multitask constantly, we do not practice how to tune out the rest of the world, to engage in deeper processing and learning. Empirical research has demonstrated that multitasking with technology (such as texting, listening to music, checking emails) negatively impacts studying, doing homework, learning and grades.

学习。18世纪有一句谚语是这么说的：“如果你一次只做一件事，一天的时间足够了。但如果你同时做两件事，一年都不够。”本质上，我们越是多任务处理，就越难完成任务，因为我们逐渐失去专注学习的能力。注意力对学习至关重要。如果我们从小就试图不断地处理多项任务，我们就无法练习如何屏蔽外界，进行深入处理和学习。实证研究表明，利用科技进行多任务处理（比如发短信、听音乐、查收邮件）会对学习、做作业、学习和成绩产生负面影响。

Mindfulness. Those who are mindful are able to do more than just pay attention; they do so on purpose, in the present moment and non-judgmentally. This is perhaps the most advanced form of attentiveness, and it can result in decision-making made in a stress-free and less reactive environment. Indeed, many therapies based on mindfulness assist patients suffering from depression, anxiety, chronic pain, substance abuse, ADHD and other conditions.

正念。那些具有正念的人不仅能够专注，而且能够有意地在当下、不加评判地保持专注。这也许是保持注意力的最高级形式，它能让人在没有压力、反应性较低的环境中做出决策。事实上，许多基于正念的疗法都能帮助抑郁症、焦虑症、慢性疼痛、药物滥用、多动症等疾病的患者。

To isolate out of the multitasking world brings many benefits, in all walks of life and in any setting, including the workplace. It certainly has been an essential aspect of our careers.

在包括工作场所在内的各行各业和任何环境中，从多任务世界中脱离出来都会带来很多好处。当然，这无疑是我们职业生涯中的一个重要方面。

20240622费德勒寄语2024届毕业生：生活比球场重要

Roger Federer Gave a Moving Graduation Speech at Dartmouth

From: Town & Country Magazine

Roger Federer gave a humorous, yet poignant commencement address on Sunday to the graduating class of 2024.

周日，罗杰·费德勒（Roger Federer）向2024届毕业生发表了幽默而又感人的毕业致辞。

Although the Swiss athlete was taken out of high school at age 16 to focus on tennis, and although this is his second time to "ever set foot on a college campus," Federer received the honor of a Doctor of Humane Letters degree from Dartmouth. Accordingly, the ex-professional tennis player laughed at the idea of naming himself "Dr. Roger."

尽管这位瑞士运动员在16岁时就辍学，专注于网球，并且这是他第二次“踏入大学校园”，但费德勒还是获得了达特茅斯大学颁发的人文文学荣誉博士学位。因此，这位前职业网球运动员笑称自己是“罗杰博士”。

Federer began his commencement address by lightening the atmosphere, joking about the uncomfortable material of the graduation regalia and asking the students to "keep in mind" that he has "worn shorts almost every day for the last 35 years."

费德勒在毕业典礼致辞中以轻松的气氛开场，他拿毕业礼服材质不舒服开玩笑，并请学生们“记住”他“在过去的35年里几乎每天都穿短裤”。

In his speech, Federer spoke about how college graduation parallels his experience to "graduating tennis." The 20-time Grand Slam winner spoke about strongly disliking the word "retired"—we wouldn't speak of college graduation as retirement, he argued, and so the same shouldn't be said of tennis. Since Federer "graduated tennis" in 2022, he has embraced three essential tennis lessons and applied them to his life, and he shared them with Dartmouth's Class of 2024:

在演讲中，费德勒谈到大学毕业与他“网球毕业”的经历有相似之处。这位20次大满贯得主表示非常不喜欢“退役”这个词——他认为，我们不会把大学毕业说成是退役，所以网球也不应该这样说。自2022年费德勒“网球毕业”以来，他领悟了三条重要的网球经验，并将它们应用到自己的生活中，他在演讲中与达特茅斯2024届毕业生分享了这些经验：

1. "Effortless" is a myth. “毫不费力”是个假象。

Federer's tennis may look effortless, but there are myriads of effort behind the technique and discipline. In other words, he says, "effortless is a myth." Talent is important too, he contends, but talent means many things—it means discipline, patience, self-trust, love for the process, and being able to manage your life—all those attributes count as talent. "Some people are born with them. Everybody has to work at them," Federer declares. Dartmouth alumni may look effortlessly accomplished, but Federer insists the graduates understand the effort they have put into arriving at this moment.

费德勒打网球也许看起来毫不费力，但在技术和自律的背后付出了无数的努力。换句话说，他说，“毫不费力是个假象。”他认为，天赋也很重要，但天赋意味着很多东西——意味着自律、耐心、自信、对过程的热爱以及能够管理好自己的生活——所有这些品质都算作天赋。费德勒宣称：“有些人天生就有这些品质。每个人都需要努力。”达特茅斯校友可能看起来毫不费力就取得了成就，但费德勒坚持认为，毕业生们应该明白他们为了这一刻的到来所付出的努力。

1. It's only a point. 只是一分而已。

Even though he won frequently, Federer has dealt with loss. Tennis is simple in that manner: one player wins, and the other "gets back on a plane, stares out of the window," and contemplates how they lost. Although Federer won almost 80% of all matches he played during his tennis career, he won only 54% of the points. Loss and defeat is essential, he tells the graduates, the important lesson is to move on and focus on the future. "You accept it. Cry it out if you need to... then force a smile."

尽管费德勒经常获胜，但他也经历过失利。网球比赛就是这样简单：一方获胜，另一方则“登上飞机，望着窗外”，反思自己是如何输掉比赛的。在费德勒的网球生涯中，虽然他赢得了近80%的比赛，但他只赢得了54%的分数。他告诉毕业生们，失利和挫折是必不可少的，重要的一课是向前看，着眼于未来。“你要接受它。如果需要，就哭出来......然后强打精神，微笑面对。”

1. Life is bigger than the court. 生活比球场更重要。

Federer explains that when he was just starting out, he understood that tennis was only a component of his life. Living a rewarding life that includes family, friendships, culture, and travel is a lifelong necessity. Federer tried to never forget this essential lesson: "I knew that tennis could show me the world... but tennis could never be the world."

费德勒解释说，当他刚刚起步时，他就明白网球只是他生活的一部分。过上包括家庭、友谊、文化和旅行在内的充实生活，是终身必需的。费德勒试图永远铭记这重要的一课：“我知道网球可以让我看到世界……但网球永远不会成为整个世界。”

Federer emphasizes the same goes for any college graduate, or person at all, telling them that they must never take for granted how much effort it took for their communities to shape them. "And more important, that we are here for each other every day," he reminds the graduates.

费德勒强调，对于任何大学毕业生或任何一个人来说，都是同样的道理。他告诉毕业生们，绝不能忘记他们的群体为培养他们所付出的巨大努力。他提醒毕业生说：“更重要的是，我们每天都要互相支持。”

The retired tennis player adds that when one is given an opportunity—such as graduating from an Ivy League school—one has a duty to give and make a difference, in their own way.

这位退役网球运动员还说，当一个人获得机会，比如从常春藤盟校毕业，他就有责任以自己的方式做出改变，贡献力量。

"All of you have so much to give," he says, "and I hope you will find your own, unique ways to make a difference."

“你们每个人都有很多东西可以奉献，”他说。“我希望你们能找到自己独特的方式有所作为。”

His remarks were wise, earnest, and moving. Even from his position as a celebrity and record-breaker tennis player, he is sincere in his gratitude: "Dartmouth, this has been an incredible honor for me." And, he adds, do not forget the most important lesson of all: "And most of all, be kind to one another... and have fun out there."

他的讲话睿智、真诚、感人。即使身为名人和破纪录的网球运动员，他也真诚地表达了自己的感激之情：“达特茅斯，这是我莫大的荣幸。”他还说，不要忘记最重要的一课：“最重要的是，要善待彼此......毕业快乐。”

20240623建议尽量在晚9点前睡觉？

There is a perfect time to shower – and it's not when you think

From: The Guardian, 26 Mar 2024

In the data-driven, optimisation-obsessed corner of the internet, everything has its optimal moment, and washing is no exception.

在这个数据驱动、优化至上的互联网世界里，任何事物都有它的最佳时间，洗澡也不例外。

One of my favourite things to do in my middle age is lie on the sofa eating crisps while Googling low-effort ways to optimise my life.

人到中年，我最喜欢做的事情之一就是躺在沙发上一边吃薯片，一边上网搜索低成本优化生活的方法。

Thanks to data-driven obsessives online, I have discovered that there is an optimal time at which to do everything. Exercising in the afternoon, for example, may reduce the risks of early death more than a morning or evening workout. Delaying your morning coffee until two hours after waking improves cognition and energy, according to Andrew Huberman, a controversial neurobiologist and podcaster who has developed a cult following for his health and fitness “protocols”. As for the best time to have a shower? I'm glad you asked. I have done extensive research on the matter – and it's complicated.

多亏了网上那些数据驱动的痴迷者，我发现做任何事情都有一个最佳时间。例如，下午锻炼比早上或晚上锻炼更能降低早逝的风险。安德鲁·休伯曼（Andrew Huberman）是一位备受争议的神经生物学家和播客主持人，他的健康和健身“方案”受到了很多人的追捧。他表示，早晨醒来两小时后再喝咖啡可以提高认知能力和精力至于洗澡的最佳时间？至于洗澡的最佳时间？很高兴你问了这个问题。我对这个问题进行了广泛研究——这很复杂。

Like the orientation of toilet paper, shower times are surprisingly divisive. One group swears you need a morning shower to make the most of your day. The evening team, on the other hand, holds that anyone who doesn't wash before bed is a grimy heathen whose sheets are besmirched by filth. Some people – compromisers – suggest you can get the best of both worlds by abluting twice a day. An equally passionate camp warns that this will dry out your skin and hike up your water bill. According to one poll, there is a gendered aspect to this divide: men are more likely to wash in the morning than women.

就像卫生纸的方向一样，洗澡时间也出奇地有争议。有一派人信誓旦旦地说，你要在早上洗澡，这样才能充分利用一天的时间。而晚上洗澡派则认为，睡前不洗澡的人都是肮脏的，他们的床单也会因此变脏。有些人——折衷派——建议每天洗两次澡，两全其美。同样热情的阵营则警告说，这样做会使皮肤干燥，水费也会增加。一项民意调查显示，这种分歧存在性别方面：男性比女性更倾向于早上洗脸。同样坚持己见的另一派则警告说，这将使你的皮肤干燥，并增加水费。根据一项民意调查，这一分歧还存在性别差异：男性比女性更倾向于早晨洗澡。

Do scientists have a definitive answer to this question? I'm afraid not. The consensus seems to be: do whatever suits you best. That said, there are some no-nos. One “health and wellness” expert said on the website Bustle: “There are few benefits to showering in the middle of the day … in terms of hygiene, it's practically irrelevant.”

科学家对此有明确答案吗？恐怕没有。大家的共识似乎是：选择最适合自己的。不过，有些时间确实不太适合。一位“健康和保健”专家在Bustle网站上说“中午洗澡几乎没什么好处......就卫生而言，这实际上无关紧要。”

As a freelancer who works at home and frequently showers in the middle of the day, I take serious offence at this. The midday shower is criminally underrated. It relaxes you after a morning of work and gives you a little energy boost just as the afternoon lull is about to set in. And it's an excellent way to procrastinate.

作为一个在家工作的自由职业者，我经常在中午洗澡，对此深感不满。中午洗澡的好处被严重低估了。经过一上午的工作，它能让你放松下来，并在下午疲倦期到来时给你一点能量的补充。而且这也是拖延时间的绝佳方式。

20240624选什么专业比较吃香

College is still worth it, research finds — although these majors have the lowest rate of return

From: CNBC, MAR 14 2024

For decades, research has showed that earning a degree is almost always worthwhile.

几十年来，研究表明，获得学位几乎总是值得的。

Recent college graduates working full-time earn $24,000 more a year than those with just a high school diploma, according to newly released data from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

根据纽约联储银行最新公布的数据，全职工作的应届大学毕业生比只有高中文凭的人年收入多2.4万美元。

Additionally, finishing college puts workers on track to earn a median of $2.8 million over their lifetime, compared with $1.6 million if they only had a high school degree, according to “The College Payoff,” a report from the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce.

此外，根据乔治城大学教育与就业中心（Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce）的《大学回报》（The College Payoff）报告，大学毕业的员工其一生收入中位数为280万美元，而只有高中文凭的员工则为160万美元。

In general, bachelor's degree holders earn 75% more over their career, the report found — and, in many cases, the higher the level of educational attainment, the larger the payoff.

报告发现，总体而言，拥有学士学位的人在其职业生涯中的收入要高出75%，而且在很多情况下，受教育程度越高，回报越大。

However, a lot still depends on the choice of major, research also shows.

然而，研究还表明，这在很大程度上取决于专业的选择。

College majors with the highest and lowest return 回报率最高和最低的大学专业

A recent study published in the American Educational Research Journal found that engineering and computer science majors provide the highest returns in lifetime earnings, followed by business, health, and math and science majors. Education and humanities majors and arts majors had the lowest returns of the 10 fields of study considered.

最近发表在《美国教育研究杂志》（American Educational Research Journal）上的一项研究发现，工程学和计算机科学专业的终身收入回报率最高，其次是商科、卫生、数学和科学专业。教育和人文专业以及艺术专业在所研究的10个专业中回报率最低。

“Our cost-benefit analysis finds that on average a college degree offers better returns than the stock market,” said Liang Zhang, a professor of higher education at the New York University Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development and co-author of the study. “However, there are significant differences across college majors.”

“我们的成本效益分析发现，平均而言，大学学历的回报率要高于股票市场。”纽约大学史丹赫文化教育和人类发展学院高等教育教授、本研究的共同作者张亮（Liang Zhang，音译）说。“不过，不同专业之间存在显著差异。”

Overall, the researchers found that the benefits of higher education have held up, even as enrollment has declined and the labor market outcomes for those without a college degree have improved, Zhang said.

张教授指出，总体而言，研究人员发现，即使入学率下降且没有大学学历的人就业状况有所改善，高等教育的好处依然存在。

The analysis took into account wage differentials between college and high school graduates as well as other factors, including tuition and financial aid and the opportunity cost of deferring full-time entry into the workplace.

该分析考虑了大学毕业生和高中毕业生之间的工资差异以及其他因素，包括学费和助学金以及推迟全职工作的机会成本。

Students who pursue a major specifically in science, technology, engineering and math — collectively known as STEM disciplines — are projected to earn the most overall, the Georgetown Center also found.

乔治城大学教育与就业中心还发现，攻读科学、技术、工程和数学专业（统称STEM专业）的学生预计总收入最高。

In addition to STEM, health and business majors are among the highest-paying, leading to average annual wages that are higher at the entry level and significantly greater over the course of a career compared with liberal arts and humanities majors.

除STEM专业外，卫生和商科也是收入最高的专业之一，与文科专业相比，其起薪较高，整个职业生涯的平均年收入也明显更高。

For workers with a bachelor's degree, education was the lowest-earning field of study, followed by psychology and social work, and the arts.

对于拥有学士学位的员工来说，教育是收入最低的专业，其次是心理学和社会工作以及艺术。

“Students need professional guidance on the economic outcomes of college and career pathways before they make one of the biggest decisions of their lives,” Ban Cheah, a senior economist at the Center on Education and the Workforce and co-author of the report, said in a statement.

乔治城大学教育与就业中心高级经济学家、该报告的共同作者班·切亚（Ban Cheah）在声明中说：“学生在做出人生中最重要的决定之一前，需要得到专业指导了解大学教育和职业发展道路的经济回报。”

Students question the value of college 学生质疑大学价值

Between the sky-high cost and student loan burden, more students are taking a closer look at college's return on investment.

在高昂的学费和学生贷款负担之间，越来越多的学生开始仔细审视大学投资回报率。

Most Americans still agree that a college education is worthwhile when it comes to career goals and advancement. However, only half think the economic benefits outweigh the costs, according to a report by Public Agenda, USA Today and Hidden Common Ground — and young adults are particularly skeptical.

大多数美国人仍然认为，就职业目标和晋升而言，大学教育是值得的。然而，根据《公共议程》（Public Agenda）、《今日美国》（USA Today）和《隐秘共同基础》（Hidden Common Ground）的报告，只有一半的人认为经济收益大于成本，而年轻人尤其对此持怀疑态度。

The rising cost of college and ballooning student loan balances have played a large role in changing views about the higher education system, which many think is rigged to benefit the wealthy, the report found.

报告发现，大学费用上涨及学生贷款未偿还金额激增在很大程度上改变了人们对高等教育体系的看法，许多人认为高等教育体系是为富人服务的。

Now only 45% of students from low-income, first-generation or minority backgrounds believe education after high school is necessary, according to a separate study by ECMC Group.

根据ECMC集团的另一项研究，现在只有45%的低收入、第一代或少数族裔背景的学生认为高中毕业后的教育是必要的。

20240625city不city啊

China's visa-free moves a hit with Southeast Asian tourists

From: CNA

Visiting snow-capped mountains, scenic lakes and deep gorges is all in a day's work for He Quan.

游览白雪皑皑的高山、风景秀丽的湖泊和深谷，是何全（He Quan，音译）的日常工作。

The 35-year-old private driver based in the city of Lijiang in Yunnan plies his trade eight hours a day, ferrying passengers around the Chinese province's key attractions. He did not want to disclose his earnings but CNA understands each trip ranges from 150 yuan to 1,000 yuan (US$21 to US$140).

这位35岁的私人司机居住在中国云南省丽江市，每天工作8小时，接送游客游览省内主要景点。他不愿透露自己的收入，但据亚洲新闻台（CNA）了解，每次行程收费从150元到1000元（21美元到140美元）不等。

His sole clients were domestic travellers just six months back. But a different clientele has emerged - now, four to five times a month, his services are engaged by Chinese-speaking tourists from Southeast Asia, specifically Singapore and Malaysia.

半年前，他的客户都是国内游客。但现在有了不同的客户群——他每月要接待四到五次来自东南亚，特别是新加坡和马来西亚讲中文的游客。

Although the new clientele still makes up less than 10 per cent of his overall business, Mr He welcomes the additional income.

虽然新客户群在他整体业务中所占比例仍不到10%，但何先生很开心有额外收入。

“As tourism sector workers, we don't just focus on domestic tourists; we also need to interact with foreign guests,” he said. “This helps expand our customer base.”

“作为旅游业从业者，我们不仅关注国内游客，还要与外国游客交流，”他说，“这有助于扩大我们的客户群。”

Mr He added that his Singapore and Malaysia passengers often share their experiences on social media platforms like Xiaohongshu, boosting publicity and attracting more business.

何先生补充说，他的新加坡和马来西亚客户经常在小红书等社交媒体平台上分享他们的体验，从而提高了知名度，吸引了更多生意。

China has recorded a surge in foreign arrivals recently. The resumption and expansion of visa-free policies have been key as they have streamlined the travel process, according to analysts.

最近，中国迎来了大量外国游客。分析人士认为，恢复和扩大免签政策是关键，这些政策简化了出游手续。

Nearly two million foreigners entered China visa-free in the first quarter of the year, up by more than two and a half times compared to the same period on-year, according to data from the National Immigration Administration. Tourism accounted for over 30 per cent of these visits.

根据中国国家移民管理局的数据，今年第一季度有近200万外国人免签进入中国，与去年同期相比增长逾2.5倍。其中，旅游出行占30%以上。

Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, the three Southeast Asian states were the largest source countries for visitors to China's mainland in the first five months of the year, according to international online travel agency Trip.com. Germany and France rounded off the top five list.

国际在线旅行社携程（Trip.com）的数据显示，今年前五个月，马来西亚、新加坡和泰国这三个东南亚国家是到访中国大陆的最大客源国。其次是德国和法国。

“In the same period, the number of travel bookings from Thailand skyrocketed by more than 14 times compared to the same period last year. Visitors from Malaysia and Singapore also grew rapidly, by almost 10 times and some 5.7 times respectively,” Mr Edmund Ong, general manager of Trip.com Singapore, told CNA.

“同期，来自泰国的旅游预订量与去年同期相比飙升了14倍多。来自马来西亚和新加坡的游客也增长迅速，分别增长了近10倍和约5.7倍，”携程新加坡公司总经理Edmund Ong在接受CNA采访时表示。

Professor Sam Huang, the China tourism specialist, attributes this to the geographic and cultural proximity between Southeast Asian countries and China.

中国旅游专家、澳大利亚埃迪斯科文大学（Edith Cowan University）旅游与服务营销研究型教授黄松山（Sam Huang）认为，这归功于东南亚国家与中国在地理和文化上的接近。

“Visa-free policies can have a stronger effect on people in these countries than those in distant European countries”, said the research professor in tourism and services marketing at Australia's Edith Cowan University.

黄教授表示：“与遥远的欧洲国家相比，免签政策可能对这些国家的人们产生更大的影响。”

With its picturesque scenery and relatively closer proximity as opposed to the rest of China, Yunnan has emerged as a top travel pick for Southeast Asian tourists.

云南风景如画，相比中国其他地区，距离较近，已成为东南亚游客的首选旅游目的地。

Chan Brothers Travel, a Singapore travel agency, told CNA that Yunnan is a popular destination within China for Singaporean travellers, along with other places like Zhangjiajie and Jiuzhai Valley. The company observed an over two-times increase in trips to China for the first six months of the year, compared to the same period in 2019.

新加坡曾兄弟旅行社（Chan Brothers Travel）在接受CNA采访时表示，云南是新加坡旅客在中国的热门目的地之一，还有其他地方如张家界和九寨沟。据该公司观察，与2019年同期相比，今年上半年前往中国的游客增长了两倍多。

Overall for foreign tourists, Trip.com statistics show that major cities like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, known colloquially as “Bei Shang Guang Shen”, remain the most popular destinations in China. Qingdao in eastern Shandong province came in fifth.

携程统计数据显示，总体而言，北京、上海、广州和深圳（俗称“北上广深”）等大城市仍然是中国最受外国游客欢迎的旅游目的地。山东省东部的青岛位列第五。

As China rolls out the visa-free welcome mat to more foreigners, the country has been taking steps to ensure smooth travel within its borders.

随着中国向更多国家推出免签政策，中国也一直在采取措施确保外国人在中国出行的顺畅。

Since November last year, train ticket services for international travellers have been enhanced. They can now verify personal information online via China Railway's official ticketing platform, called 12306, using details like names, nationalities, and passport IDs.

自去年11月起，中国优化了对外籍旅客的火车票服务。现在，外籍旅客可以通过中国铁路官方售票平台12306，根据姓名、国籍和护照证件号码等详细信息，完成在线身份核验。

Previously, foreign passengers purchasing tickets online had to present their original passports at the railway station counter to verify their personal particulars.

此前，外籍旅客在线购买火车票后需持护照原件到铁路车站窗口核验身份信息。

Alipay and WeChat Pay also support payments from users of 13 international online wallets for transactions within China.

支付宝和微信支付还支持13款境外电子钱包用户在中国进行支付。

20240626英语还值不值得作为专业学四年

AI could make it less necessary to learn foreign languages

From: The Economist

On holiday, many will find themselves in places where they do not speak the language. Once upon a time, they might have carried a phrasebook. The rise of English has made that less necessary. But most people—at least seven of the world's eight billion—still do not speak English. That leaves options like pantomime, a willingness to be surprised by what arrives at dinner—or, increasingly, technology.

度假时，许多人会发现自己身处语言不通的地方。以前，他们可能会随身携带一本常用语手册。随着英语的普及，这种做法已不再必要。但大多数人——全世界80亿人中至少有70亿人——仍然不会说英语。这时，手势比划、期待上菜时的惊喜，或是日益依赖科技，就成为了沟通的主要手段。

More and more people are using simple, free tools, not only to decode text but also to speak. With these apps' conversation mode, you talk into a phone and a spoken translation is heard moments later; the app can also listen for another language and produce a translation in yours.

现在，越来越多的人使用简单、免费的工具，不仅能翻译文字，还能语音交流。通过这些应用程序的对话模式，你对着手机说话，几秒钟后就能听到语音结果；这些应用程序还能听取另一种语言，并翻译成你的语言。

You may still get a surprise or two. Google Translate may be the best-known name in machine translation, but it often blunders. Take “my wife is gluten-free,” the kind of thing you might say at a restaurant abroad. In French or Italian, Google Translate renders this as “my wife is without gluten”—true to the words rather than the meaning. DeepL, a rival, does better, offering various options, most of them along the correct lines.

尽管如此，你可能仍会遇到一些意外。谷歌翻译（Google Translate）可能是机器翻译中最知名的，但它经常出错。就拿“my wife is gluten-free”（我的妻子不吃含麸质的食品）来说吧，你可能会在国外餐馆说这句话。在法语或意大利语中，谷歌翻译会将这句话翻译成“my wife is without gluten”（我的妻子不含麸质）——虽然字面翻译正确，但意思有偏差。谷歌翻译竞品DeepL做得更好，提供了多个可选翻译结果，其中大部分是正确的。

The best tool may not be a translation app at all. Though not marketed for the purpose, ChatGPT, a generative AI system that churns out prose according to users' prompts, is multilingual. Rather than entering an exact text to translate, users can tell ChatGPT to “write a message in Spanish to a waiter that my wife and I would like the tasting menu, but that she is gluten-free, so we would like substitutions for anything that has gluten.” And out pops a perfect paragraph, including the way Spanish-speakers actually say “my wife is gluten-free”: mi esposa es celíaca. It is a paraphrase rather than a translation, more like having a native-speaking dinner companion than an automated interpreter.

最好的工具可能根本不是翻译应用程序。尽管ChatGPT并不是为了这个目的而推向市场的，但它是一种根据用户提示词生成文本的生成式人工智能系统，支持多语言功能。用户可以告诉ChatGPT：“用西班牙语怎么跟服务员说，我和我妻子想要品尝套餐（tasting menu），但我妻子不吃含麸质的食品，所以我们想要替换掉含麸质的东西。”而不需要输入准确的文本进行翻译。然后就跳出地道的段落，其中包括西班牙语中真正的表达方式：mi esposa es celíaca。这是一种转述而非翻译，更像是有了一个说母语的饭搭子，而不是自动翻译工具。

Travel has long been a motivator for study—unless people start to feel AI tools offer a good-enough service. Some are concerned that apps are turning language acquisition into a dwindling pursuit. Douglas Hofstadter, a polyglot and polymath writer, has argued that something profound will vanish when people talk through machines. He describes giving a halting, difficult speech in Mandarin, which required a lot of work but offered a sense of accomplishment at the end. Who would boast of taking a helicopter to the top of Mount Everest?

长期以来，旅行一直是学语言的动力，除非人们开始觉得AI工具提供的服务已经足够好。一些人担心，应用程序正在使语言学习变得逐渐冷淡。通晓多种语言、博学作家道格拉斯·霍夫施塔特（Douglas Hofstadter）认为，当人们通过机器交流时，一些深刻的东西将会消失。他描述了自己用普通话进行的一次磕磕绊绊、困难重重的演讲，虽然需要付出很多努力，但在结束时却带来了成就感。谁会吹嘘自己乘坐直升机登上了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰？

Others are less worried. Most people do not move abroad or have the kind of sustained contact with a foreign culture that requires them to put in the work to become fluent. Nor do most people learn languages for the purpose of humanising themselves or training their brains. On their holiday, they just want a beer and the spaghetti carbonara without incident (and sometimes without gluten).

其他人则不那么担心。大多数人不会移居国外，也不会持续接触外国文化以至于需要努力使自己的语言变得流利。大多数人学习语言也不是为了提升自我修养或训练大脑。在假期里，他们只想喝杯啤酒，顺顺利利地吃一顿意大利面（有时还要求不含麸质）。

As AI translation becomes an even more popular labour-saving tool, people will split into two groups. There will be those who want to stretch their minds, immerse themselves in other cultures or force their thinking into new pathways. This lot will still take on language study, often aided by technology. Others will look at learning a new language with a mix of admiration and puzzlement, as they might with extreme endurance sports: “Good for you, if that's your thing, but a bit painful for my taste.”

随着AI翻译成为一种更受欢迎的省力工具，人们将分成两派。一部分人希望开拓思维，沉浸在其他文化中，或迫使自己以新的方式思考问题。这部分人仍然会学习语言，通常会借助技术手段。另一部分人则会像对待极限耐力运动一样，对学习新语言表示既钦佩又不解：“如果你喜欢的话，那很好，但对我来说有点难以接受。”

This is largely an Anglophone problem, since native English-speakers miss out on the benefits of language-learning most acutely. In many countries, including Britain and America, schools' and universities' foreign-language departments have been closing. (The British government recently devoted a modest fund to trying to get more secondary-school pupils to study foreign languages.) In the rest of the rich world, there is one thriving language that people still study: English. And in poorer countries, many people are multilingual as a matter of course; Africans and Indians learn languages because they are surrounded by them.

这主要是英语国家的问题，因为英语母语者最容易错过语言学习的好处。在包括英国和美国在内的许多国家，学校都在关闭外语系。（英国政府最近投入了一笔数额不大的资金，试图让更多的中学生学习外语）。在其他富裕国家，人们仍然在学习一种蓬勃发展的语言，那就是英语。在较贫穷的国家，许多人自然而然地掌握多种语言；非洲人和印度人学习语言是因为他们生活在多语言环境中。

But a focus on the learner alone misses the fundamentally social nature of language. It is a bit like analysing the benefits of close relationships to heart-health but overlooking the inherent value of those bonds themselves. When you try to ask directions in broken Japanese or mangle a joke in halting German, you are making direct contact with someone. And when you speak a language well enough to tell a story with perfect timing or put subtle shading on an argument, that connection is more profound still. The best relationships do not require an intermediary.

但是，如果只关注学习者，就会忽略语言的基本社会性。这有点像分析亲密关系对心脏健康的益处，却忽视了这些联系本身的内在价值。当你试图用蹩脚的日语问路或用支支吾吾的德语讲笑话时，你是在与人直接接触。而当你的语言足够流利，能够恰到好处地讲述故事，或在论述中加入细微的修饰时，这种联系就更加深远了。最好的关系不需要中间人。

20240627英国王室73岁公主意外受伤疑似失忆

Princess Anne, sister of King Charles, suffering memory loss after horse-related concussion: report

From: Fox News

Princess Anne is said to be suffering from memory loss after an accident thought to involve a horse left her with a concussion and minor injuries.

据报道，安妮公主（Princess Anne）在一次事故中受了轻伤并导致脑震荡，目前出现了失忆。该事故可能与马匹有关。

The Telegraph reported that the 73-year-old's memory loss is believed to be temporary. Fox News Digital reached out to Buckingham Palace for comment.

据《每日电讯报》（The Telegraph）报道，73岁的安妮公主应该是暂时性失忆。福克斯数字新闻（Fox News Digital）频道已向白金汉宫求证。

The Princess Royal's husband, Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Laurence, also gave a brief update on Tuesday to well-wishers.

周二，安妮公主的丈夫、海军中将蒂莫西·劳伦斯爵士（Sir Timothy Laurence）也向关心她的人简要介绍了她的最新情况。

"She is recovering well, thank you," said Laurence. "We are both profoundly grateful to the medical team and hospital support staff for their expert care – and to the emergency services who were all so wonderful at the scene."

“她恢复得很好，谢谢你们，”劳伦斯说。“我们都非常感谢医疗团队和医护人员的专业护理，也非常感谢现场的急救人员。”

"We are both deeply touched by all the kind messages we have received from so many people near and far. It means a great deal," he added.

“各地的人们给我们发来了善意的信息，我们深受感动。这对我们意义重大，”他补充道。

On Monday, Buckingham Palace said the sister of King Charles III was admitted to the hospital as a precautionary measure and is expected to make a full recovery. Her injury took place on Sunday while she was walking at her Gatcombe Park estate in southwestern England. The cause of Anne's injuries wasn't clear, but doctors said her injuries were consistent with an impact from a horse's head or legs.

周一，白金汉宫表示，作为预防措施，英国国王查尔斯三世的妹妹被送往医院，预计会完全康复。她是周日在英格兰西南部的加特科姆公园庄园散步时受伤的。受伤原因尚不清楚，但医生说她的伤势与受马头或马腿的撞击一致。

"The king has been kept closely informed and joins the whole royal family in sending his fondest love and well-wishes to the princess for a speedy recovery," the palace said in a statement.

“国王一直密切关注，并与整个王室一起向安妮公主送上最诚挚的爱和祝福，祝她早日康复，”白金汉宫在声明中说。

The accident is the latest health scare to hit the House of Windsor in recent months, with both the king, 75, and Prince William's wife, Kate Middleton, undergoing treatment for cancer. That has strained the royal family's ability to keep up a full slate of public appearances, with Anne and Queen Camilla taking on more engagements as Charles and Kate, 42, took time off to focus on their health.

这起事故是英国王室近几个月来遭遇的又一次健康危机，现年75岁的国王和威廉王子的妻子凯特·米德尔顿（Kate Middleton）都在接受癌症治疗。这使得王室难以维持繁忙的公共活动安排，因此安妮公主和卡米拉王后承担了更多的事务，而查尔斯和42岁的凯特则抽出时间专注于治疗和恢复。

As a result of her injuries, Anne was forced to cancel her appearance at a state dinner in honor of the emperor of Japan on Tuesday, as well as a trip to Canada planned for later in the week.

由于受伤，安妮公主被迫取消出席周二为日本天皇举行的国宴，以及本周晚些时候计划前往加拿大的行程。

The only daughter of the late Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip received praise last year for being the hardest-working member of the royal family.

去年，安妮公主因成为王室中最努力工作的成员而受到赞扬。她是已故英国女王伊丽莎白二世和菲利普亲王的独生女。

Anne is known for her businesslike approach to a busy schedule of public appearances. Anne took part in 457 royal engagements last year, compared with 425 for the king, 172 for William and 123 for Kate, according to statistics compiled by the Daily Telegraph newspaper.

安妮公主以其对高效应对繁忙的公开活动日程而闻名。据《每日电讯报》统计，安妮公主去年参加了457次王室活动，而英国国王为425次，威廉王子为172次，凯特王妃为123次。

The princess, a celebrated equestrian, saddled up for Trooping the Colour on June 15, when she rode alongside Prince William and Prince Edward. A video that went viral on X showed her expertly navigating her horse when it got jittery during the military parade in London.

6月15日，作为备受赞誉的马术运动员，安妮公主与威廉王子和爱德华王子一起骑着马参加皇家阅兵仪式。一个在X上走红的视频显示，在伦敦的阅兵式上，当她的马匹受惊时，她熟练地驾驭着马匹。

"Since most of their lives are spent on horseback – either fox hunting, playing polo or competing in equestrian trials – members of the royal family are no strangers to concussions, sprains and broken bones," Christopher Andersen, author of "The King," previously told Fox News Digital. "Princess Anne… has probably sustained more injuries than any other member of the royal family, with the possible exception of King Charles."

《国王》（The King）一书的作者克里斯托弗·安德森（Christopher Andersen）此前告诉福克斯数字新闻频道，“由于王室成员的大部分时间都是在马背上度过的——无论是猎狐、打马球还是参加马术比赛——他们对脑震荡、扭伤和骨折并不陌生。安妮公主可能是除了查尔斯国王之外，受伤最多的王室成员。”

20240628拜登特朗普再交锋

Greece is moving some workers toward a 6-day workweek

From: FORTUNE

The workweek is about to get a lot longer for some employees in Greece.

希腊的一些员工即将迎来更长的工作周。

Starting July 1, workers in the private sector could be going into the office six days a week—as the 48-hour workweek goes into effect.

从7月1日起，私营企业员工每周可能每周要工作六天——因为48小时工作周将正式实施。

Select industrial and manufacturing facilities, along with businesses that provide 24/7 services, are eligible to extend the workweek beyond five days under new labor laws. Food service and tourism workers are not included in the longer workweeks.

根据新的劳动法，部分工业和制造业基地以及提供全天候服务的企业，有资格将每周工作时间延长至五天以上。餐饮服务和旅游业的员工不包括在内。

The change to the labor laws was approved last September following productivity issues in the country, which have led many workers to put in extra hours and often not be compensated for the time. Officials also note there has been a shortage of skilled workers due to a shrinking population.

由于希腊的生产力问题，许多员工不得不加班且通常没有得到相应的报酬，因此去年9月批准了劳动法的修改。官员们还指出，由于人口减少，技术工人短缺。

Workers who do put in the extra time will receive 40% extra during the additional eight hours—and 115% of their normal salary if they work on a holiday.

那些每周要工作六天的员工将获得40%的额外报酬——如果在节假日工作，他们将获得正常工资的115%。

Employers who decide to embrace the 48-hour workweek will be required to notify employees at least 24 hours before the shift begins. No additional overtime beyond the eight hours is allowed.

决定实行48小时工作周的雇主必须在轮班开始前至少24小时通知员工。除了这额外的八小时之外，不允许再加班。

The new rules were not met with widespread acceptance ahead of their approval. The day before the bill was passed, public sector workers, such as teachers, doctors, and transportation workers, walked off the job in protest, calling the overhaul an affront to workers' rights that could create “barbaric” conditions.

新规定在获批前并未得到广泛认可。在法案通过的前一天，教师、医生和运输工人等公职人员罢工抗议，称这项改革是对员工权利的侮辱，可能会造就“恶劣”的工作条件。

Workers in Greece already work more than those in the U.S. and most of Europe. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) notes Greeks worked an average of 1,886 hours in 2022, compared to 1,811 in the U.S. and the European Union average of 1,571.

希腊员工的工作强度已经超过了美国和欧洲大部分国家。经济合作与发展组织（OECD）指出，2022年希腊人平均工作时间为1886小时，而美国人平均工作时间为1811小时，欧盟的人平均工作时间为1571小时。

Greece's unorthodox approach to labor comes as many other regions are experimenting with a four-day workweek. Last year, the results of the world's largest trial of the shorter schedule showed workers who put in four days were just as productive as they were during a five-day week. The nonprofit that ran the pilot program called it a “resounding success on virtually every dimension.”

当其他地区正在试验四天工作周时，希腊采取了不同寻常的做法。去年，全球最大规模的四天工作周试验结果显示，每周工作四天的员工工作效率与每周工作五天的一样。负责该试验项目的非营利组织称其“几乎在所有方面都取得了巨大成功。”

Last March, one member of California's legislature floated legislation for a 32-hour workweek to become national law, with the backing of the AFL-CIO and the Economic Policy Institute. The bill failed to find traction.

去年3月，在美国劳工联合会-产业工会联合会（AFL-CIO）和经济政策研究所（Economic Policy Institute）的支持下，加利福尼亚州立法机构的一名议员提出将32小时工作周立法变为全国性法律。该法案未能获批。

20240629希腊开始实行一周工作六天制

Biden's Debate Performance Against Trump Rekindles Questions About Fitness for Office

From: The Wall Street Journal

President Biden and former President Donald Trump clashed over the economy, abortion and immigration in their first presidential debate of the 2024 election, as the Democratic incumbent delivered an unsteady performance that rekindled questions about his age.

美国总统拜登（Joe Biden）和前总统特朗普（Donald Trump）周四在2024年竞选活动的首场总统辩论中就经济、堕胎和移民问题展开唇枪舌剑；现任总统拜登在辩论中时而结结巴巴，再次引发了人们对其年龄是否能胜任的质疑。

The animosity between the rivals was evident immediately as they walked onto the stage declining to offer a traditional handshake, and they launched into arguments over who had a better record on the economy.

拜登和特朗普走上台时，对手之间的敌意立刻显露无遗，他们没有依照传统握手，然后就谁在经济方面的政绩更好展开了激烈争论。

The debate at a CNN studio in Atlanta put a spotlight on the presumptive nominees' advanced ages. Biden, 81 years old, is the oldest person to serve as president, and Trump, 78, if elected, would be poised to claim that distinction toward the end of his second term.

这场在亚特兰大CNN演播室举行的辩论让两人的高龄成为焦点。拜登现年81岁，是历届美国在任总统中年龄最大的一位，特朗普现年78岁，如果当选，他将在第二个任期行将结束之际获得年龄最大的在任总统称号。

Biden's voice sounded raspy, which aides attributed to a cold, and he at times stumbled over his words. Early in the debate, the president appeared to falter as he talked about his desire to increase taxes on the wealthy to pay for more benefits. He appeared to lose his train of thought when he listed programs that could be funded by more taxes.

拜登的声音听起来有些沙哑，有时说话还磕磕巴巴。在辩论之初，这位总统在谈到他希望向富人增税以支付更多福利时显得有些支支吾吾。当列举可以通过增加税收来资助的项目时，他似乎乱了思绪。

Biden ticked off child care and elder care, and then meandered for a few moments. He paused for about three seconds before continuing and saying: “We finally beat Medicare.”

拜登一一列举了儿童保育、老年人护理等项目，然后又漫不经心地说了一通。之后，拜登在停顿了大约三秒钟后继续说： “我们终于打败了美国联邦医疗保险。 ”

“I really don't know what he said at the end of that sentence. I don't think he knows what he said, either,” Trump said mockingly of Biden at one point. Trump, for his part, largely followed the advice of aides who wanted him to take a less aggressive and freewheeling approach than prior debates, which turned off some voters—and stick to issues.

“我真不知道他那句话最后到底说了些什么。我觉得他也不知道自己说了什么，”特朗普一度嘲讽拜登说。不过，与之前的一些辩论相比，特朗普总体上没有那么咄咄逼人和敌对，他显然听取了助手的建议，以免让一些选民反感。

The rematch between Biden and Trump marked the first time the U.S. has seen a repeat between the two major-party candidates since the 1950s—and the first involving a current president and a former one since the 1890s. Many Americans have expressed dissatisfaction with their choices, and the campaigns hope the debate will inject a jolt of attention into what has been a relatively static campaign.

拜登和特朗普的再次较量标志着美国自20世纪50年代以来首次出现两大政党候选人之间的二度交锋，也是自19世纪90年代以来首次出现现任总统和前任总统之间的二次对决。许多美国人对他们的选择表示不满，竞选团队希望这场辩论能为相对平淡的竞选活动引来更多关注。

20240630全球近三分之一成年人缺乏运动

Nearly 1.8 billion adults at risk of disease from not doing enough physical activity

From: World Health Organization

New data show that nearly one third (31%) of adults worldwide, approximately 1.8 billion people, did not meet the recommended levels of physical activity in 2022. The findings point to a worrying trend of physical inactivity among adults, which has increased by about 5 percentage points between 2010 and 2022.

新数据显示，全球近三分之一(31%)的成年人(约18亿人)在2022年未达到所建议的身体活动水平。研究结果指出，成年人缺乏身体活动的趋势令人担忧。2010年至2022年期间，成年人缺乏身体活动百分比增加了大约5个百分点。

If the trend continues, levels of inactivity are projected to further rise to 35% by 2030, and the world is currently off track from meeting the global target to reduce physical inactivity by 2030. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that adults have 150 minutes of moderate-intensity, or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity, or equivalent, per week. Physical inactivity puts adults at greater risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes, type 2 diabetes, dementia and cancers such as breast and colon.

如果这一趋势继续下去，预计到2030年，缺乏身体活动百分比将进一步上升到35%。目前全世界距离实现到2030年减少缺乏身体活动率的全球目标还有很大差距。世界卫生组织（世卫组织）建议成年人每周进行150分钟的中等强度身体活动或75分钟的高强度身体活动。缺乏身体活动会加剧成年人患心血管疾病（如心脏病和中风）、2型糖尿病、痴呆症以及乳腺癌和结肠癌的风险。

The study was undertaken by researchers from WHO together with academic colleagues and published in The Lancet Global Health journal.

这项研究由世卫组织研究人员与学术界同事共同开展，研究结果发表在《柳叶刀全球健康》杂志上。

"These new findings highlight a lost opportunity to reduce cancer and heart disease, and improve mental health and well-being through increased physical activity," said Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. "We must renew our commitment to increasing levels of physical activity and prioritizing bold action, including strengthened policies and increased funding, to reverse this worrying trend.”

世卫组织总干事谭德塞博士说，“这些新研究成果显示，由于未能增加身体活动，人们未能抓住机会减少癌症和心脏病以及改善精神健康和福祉。我们必须重申承诺，努力提高身体活动水平，大力采取果断行动，包括加强政策和增加资金，以扭转这一令人担忧的趋势”。

The highest rates of physical inactivity were observed in the high-income Asia Pacific region (48%) and South Asia (45%), with levels of inactivity in other regions ranging from 28% in high-income Western countries to 14% in Oceania.

高收入亚太地区(48%)和南亚(45%)缺乏身体活动率最高。其他地区的缺乏身体活动水平从高收入西方国家的28%到大洋洲的14%不等。

Of concern, disparities remain between gender and age. Physical inactivity is still more common among women globally compared with men, with inactivity rates of 34% compared to 29%. In some countries, this difference is as much as 20 percentage points. Additionally, people over 60 are less active than other adults, underscoring the importance of promoting physical activity for older adults.

令人关切的是，在不同性别之间和不同年龄之间仍然存在差距。与男性相比，全球女性缺乏身体活动情况仍较普遍，缺乏活动率为34%，男性为29%。在一些国家，这一差距达20个百分点。此外，与其他成年人群相比，60岁以上的人身体活动较少，因此，我们需要促进老年人开展更多身体活动。

“Physical inactivity is a silent threat to global health, contributing significantly to the burden of chronic diseases,” said Dr Rüdiger Krech, Director of Health Promotion at WHO. “We need to find innovative ways to motivate people to be more active, considering factors like age, environment, and cultural background. By making physical activity accessible, affordable, and enjoyable for all, we can significantly reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases and create a population that is healthier and more productive.”

世卫组织健康促进司司长Rüdiger Krech博士指出，“缺乏身体活动是对全球健康的无声威胁，大大加重了慢性病负担。我们需要在考虑到年龄、环境和文化背景等因素的情况下，找到新颖办法，激励人们更积极从事身体活动。通过普及负担得起的且令人愉快的身体活动，我们可以大大降低非传染性疾病的风险，增进人口健康和生产力”。

Despite the worrying results, there are some signs of improvement in some countries. The study showed that almost half of the world’s countries have made some improvements over the past decade, and 22 countries were identified as likely to reach the global target of reducing inactivity by 15% by 2030, if their trend continues at the same pace.

尽管情况令人担忧，但有些国家出现了一些良好迹象。该研究报告指出，世界上近一半国家在过去十年中取得了一些进展，其中22个国家如果维持目前趋势，有望到2030年实现将缺乏身体活动人口百分比减少15%这一目标。

In light of these findings, WHO is calling on countries to strengthen their policy implementation to promote and enable physical activity through grassroots and community sport and active recreation and transport (walking, cycling and use of public transport), among other measures.

在这些调查结果基础上，世卫组织呼吁各国加强政策实施工作，通过开展基层和社区体育活动以及鼓励从事积极消闲娱乐活动和采用有益健康的出行方式(如步行、骑自行车和使用公共交通工具)等措施，提倡和促进身体活动。

"Promoting physical activity goes beyond promoting individual lifestyle choice - it will require a whole-of-society approach and creating environments that make it easier and safer for everyone to be more active in ways they enjoy to reap the many health benefits of regular physical activity,” said Dr Fiona Bull, Head of the WHO Unit for Physical Activity.

世卫组织身体活动处处长Fiona Bull博士说，“促进身体活动不仅是促进个人选择有益健康的生活方式，还需要采用‘全社会参与’方针，创造良好环境，使每个人都能更容易和更安全地以所喜欢的方式开展更多身体活动，以增进健康。经常从事身体活动会带来许多健康益处”。

Collective efforts based on partnerships between government and nongovernmental stakeholders and increased investments in innovative approaches will be needed to reach the least active people and to reduce inequalities in access to measures promoting and improving physical activity.

政府和非政府利益攸关方需并肩合作，作出共同努力，并需进一步投资于新颖方法，以覆盖最不活跃的人群，减少不平等现象，促进人们提高身体活动水平。

20240701今天明显对时间有了敬畏感

Time Flies By Faster As We Get Older. Here's Why.

From: The Huffington Post

For many people, 2024 went by in a blink ― doesn't it feel like it was just January? But for others, especially children, holidays may seem like eons ago.

对许多人来说，2024年仿佛一眨眼就过去了——是不是觉得才刚刚1月吗？但对其他人，尤其是孩子们来说，假期似乎已经是很久以前的事了。

There's a reason why you may feel like the years moved slowly when you were a kid, but zoom by now. Experts say our perception of time greatly changes as we age, which makes certain periods feel like they go by quickly.

小时候觉得时间过得慢，现在却觉得时间过得快，这是有原因的。专家说，随着年龄的增长，我们对时间的感知会发生很大的变化，这让我们感觉某些时间段过得很快。

“Our perception of days, weeks, years and that kind of time seems to be especially influenced by our perspective: Are we in the moment experiencing it, or are we looking backward on time?” said Cindy Lustig, a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan.

“我们对天、周、年等时间的感知似乎特别受我们视角的影响，” 密歇根大学心理学教授辛迪·卢斯蒂格（Cindy Lustig）说。“我们是在经历当下，还是在回顾过去？”

She added that the perception of time is also influenced by memory and how much you've experienced. For an 8-year-old, a week is a big portion of their life. For an 80-year-old, a week is a much smaller portion of their life, which contributes to the feeling that it went by quickly.

她补充说，对时间的感知也受记忆和经历多少的影响。对于一个8岁的孩子来说，一周的时间在他们的生命中占据很大一部分。而对于80岁的老人来说，一周的时间在他们的生命中只占很小一部分，这就会让他们觉得时间过得很快。

Looking back on time plays into this feeling of acceleration.

回首往事也会产生这种加速感。

A day in the life of a retired 80-year-old may feel like it's going by more slowly than that of an 8-year-old who is busy at school. However, when both people look back on a month or a year, that period of time will seem like it went by faster to the older person.

退休的80岁老人一天的生活可能感觉过得比忙于上学的8岁孩子更慢。然而，当两个人回顾一个月或一年的时光时，老人会觉得这段时间过得更快。

This is for a number of reasons. For the 80-year-old, their life probably doesn't look too different than it did when they were 78 or 79, “so, in that case, they're looking back on fewer events,” Lustig said. “When you're looking back, the less rich your representation is, the more it's going to seem like the time went by quickly.”

原因有很多。对于80岁的老人来说，他们的生活可能与78或79岁时没有太大的不同，“因此，在这种情况下，他们回顾的事件就会比较少，”卢斯蒂格说。“当你回顾过去时，回忆中的事件越少，你就越会觉得时间过得飞快。”

In other words, our brains lump time together when the days or weeks are similar. So for an 80-year-old who largely does the same thing every day, the year is going to blend together in their mind and feel like it went by quickly.

换句话说，当几天或几周相似时，我们的大脑会把时间混在一起。因此，对于每天生活都差不多的80岁老人来说，一年的时间会在他们的脑海中混在一起，感觉过得很快。

The new and exciting things in a day are what make the days and months feel different, and thus set them apart in our minds.

每天都有新奇和令人兴奋的事情，才会让人感觉每天每月都不一样，从而在我们的记忆中变得独特。

Changes to your routine can also affect how fast the years seem to go by.

日常生活的改变也会影响我们对时间流逝的感知。

“Our brains are designed to record change,” said Adrian Bejan, a professor of mechanical engineering at Duke University and the author of the recent book “Time And Beauty: Why Time Flies And Beauty Never Dies.”

“我们的大脑就是用来记录变化的，”杜克大学机械工程教授阿德里安·贝扬（Adrian Bejan）说，他也是新书《时间与美：为什么时间飞逝而美永恒》（Time And Beauty: Why Time Flies And Beauty Never Dies）的作者。

The many experiences young children have in a day (such as learning new things at school, going to ballet class or visiting a new friend's house) contribute to the notion that time is more plentiful and more activities can fit into that time. Therefore, when looking back, time may feel slower.

孩子们每天有许多新体验（如在学校学习新知识、上芭蕾课或到新朋友家做客），这促使他们认为时间更加充裕，可以在这些时间里进行更多的活动。当回首往事时，可能会觉得时间过得比较慢。

This can apply to adults, too. When we look back on a time period that was filled with lots of new experiences, “we see [a] large expense of events and memories, and that makes it seem like time stretches out ... and it feels very long,” Lustig said. If you're not introducing new patterns into your life, time can feel like it's going by much quicker overall.

成年人也是如此。当我们回顾一段充满许多新体验的时光时，“我们会发现有大量事件和记忆，这让时间看起来似乎延长了......感觉非常漫长，”卢斯蒂格说。如果你没有在生活中加入新的变化，时间整体上会感觉过得更快。

Some experts think that how our brain absorbs images impacts our perception of time.

一些专家认为，大脑处理图像的方式会影响我们对时间的感知。

How we process what we see can also influence how we view time, Bejan said. Our brains are trained to receive many images when we are infants. Because we're absorbing so many new images as kids, it may feel like months and years are longer.

贝扬说，我们如何处理所看到的东西也会影响我们对时间的感知。当我们还是婴儿时，我们的大脑就接受了接收大量图像的训练。因为我们在小时候接收了太多的新图像，所以可能会觉得几个月和几年的时间更长。

As adults, “the brain receives fewer images than it was trained to receive when young,” Bejan said. Therefore, we feel like time went by more quickly. In other words, there are physiological factors at play that influence our perception of time ― namely, the older we get, the faster it feels.

成年后，“大脑接收的图像比小时候少，”贝扬说。因此，我们会感觉时间过得更快。换句话说，有生理因素在影响我们对时间的感知——即年龄越大，时间感觉过得越快。

20240702生命至上应是赛场最高规则

Outcry over teen athlete's fatal collapse during match

From: BBC

The death of a Chinese teenage badminton player who collapsed on court has sparked an outcry across Chinese social media.

一名中国青年羽毛球运动员选手在球场上晕倒离世的消息在中国社交媒体上引发了强烈反响。

Zhang Zhijie, 17, was competing in a youth match when he suddenly fell to the floor in convulsions. He was later pronounced dead at a hospital.

17岁的张志杰在一场青年比赛中突然倒地抽搐，随后在医院被宣布死亡。

Footage of the incident, shared widely online, showed a pause of about 40 seconds before medics rushed to attend to Zhang.

网上广泛传播的视频显示，医护人员赶来救治之前，有约40秒的停顿。

Officials have come under intense criticism and questions on whether his life could have been saved by quicker medical intervention.

官员们受到了强烈的批评，并被质疑是否可以通过更快的医疗干预挽救他的生命。

Indonesia's badminton association PBSI later said he had suffered a sudden cardiac arrest.

印尼羽毛球协会（PBSI）后来表示，张志杰是因心脏骤停离世。

The Badminton Asia Junior Championships match had taken place in the Indonesian city of Yogyakarta on Sunday, with Zhang playing against Kazuma Kawano of Japan.

亚洲青年羽毛球锦标赛周日在印尼日惹特区举行，张志杰对阵日本选手川野寿真（Kazuma Kawano）。

After Zhang collapses, a man is seen running to help him, but he stops in his tracks and appears to look off court for further instruction.

张志杰倒地后，一名男子跑过去帮忙，但他停下了脚步，似乎在场外寻求进一步指示。

A PBSI spokesman later told reporters that medical teams had to follow a rule where they needed the referee's permission before entering the court.

印尼羽毛球协会发言人后来告诉记者，医疗队必须遵守规定，得到裁判的许可才能进入球场。

“That is in accordance with the regulations and standards of procedure that applies to every international badminton tournament," he said.

他说：“这符合每项国际羽毛球赛事的规则和程序标准。”

Badminton Asia, the regional arm of the sport's governing body Badminton World Federation, also said Zhang was taken to an ambulance within two minutes.

作为羽毛球运动管理机构羽毛球世界联合会（Badminton World Federation）的地区分支机构，亚洲羽毛球联合会也表示张志杰在两分钟内被送上了救护车。

PBSI is now planning to ask the federation to re-evaluate this rule so it can be "more situational, for actions to be taken more quickly so that athletes can be saved if there is a similar case in the future".

目前，印尼羽毛球协会正计划要求羽联重新评估这一规则，使其“更有针对性，以便在今后发生类似情况时更迅速地采取行动，救治运动员”。

Other professional sports bodies, such as the UK's Football Association, have a similar rule.

其他职业体育机构，如英国足球协会，也有类似的规定。

But on Chinese users of social media platform Weibo, there was an outpouring of anger, with many widely condemning the rule.

但在中国社交媒体平台微博上，网友们愤怒情绪高涨，纷纷谴责这一规定。

"Which is more important - the rules or someone's life?" said a comment which was liked by thousands.

“规则和生命哪个更重要？”一条得到了数千人点赞的评论写道。

"Did they miss the 'golden period' to rescue him?" read another comment under a hashtag on Zhang's death, which has been a trending topic on Weibo for days.

“他们错过了抢救他的‘黄金时间’吗？”另一条评论在#张志杰去世#的话题下写道，#张志杰去世#这几天来一直是微博上的热门话题。

Others called for the Badminton World Federation to "overhaul" the rules, with one saying: "Why do we need permission when lives are at stake?"

还有人呼吁世界羽联“彻底改革”规则，其中一人说：“当生命受到威胁时，为什么还需要得到许可？”

Chinese state media outlet Xinhua published a commentary on Tuesday morning saying the incident "raised critical questions" about emergency response procedures at sports events.

中国官方媒体新华社周二上午发表了评论文章，称这一事件引发了对体育赛事应急救援程序的严重质疑。

"Regardless of how rules are formulated or how referees officiate, prioritising life should always be the highest rule on the playing field," it said.

“无论规则如何制定、裁判如何执裁，生命至上都应该是赛场的最高规则，”评论文章中写道。

Zhang had been hailed as a rising star in the sport, and his death has prompted several tributes and condolences.

张志杰被誉为羽毛球运动的新星，他的去世引发了多方悼念和哀悼。

Badminton Asia said they were "immensely saddened" and added that "the world of badminton has lost a talented player".

亚洲羽毛球联合会表示，他们对此“深表悲痛”，并补充说“世界羽坛失去了一位富有天赋的选手”。

20240703荷兰70岁夫妇接受双人安乐死

Husband and Wife, 70 and 71, Die Together Through Euthanasia: 'There Is No Other Solution'

From: People

A couple from the Netherlands opted to end their lives with euthanasia together.

一对荷兰夫妇选择一起通过安乐死结束生命。

After meeting in kindergarten, Jan Faber, 70, and his wife Els van Leeningen, 71, had a lifelong partnership. The couple was married for nearly five decades. Jan worked as a sports coach while Els was a primary school teacher.

70岁的简·法伯（Jan Faber）和71岁的妻子艾尔斯·范·莱宁根（Els van Leeningen）在幼儿园相识，后来成为终身伴侣，结婚已近五十年。简曾是一名体育教练，而艾尔斯是一名小学教师。

However, Jan struggled for years with back pain and even after surgery in 2003, he saw no improvements. His chronic pain ultimately left him unable to work and he often spoke about euthanasia, telling his family he didn't want to live with his physical limitations.

然而，简多年来一直饱受背痛折磨，即使在2003年手术后情况也没有改善。长期病痛最终让他无法工作，他经常谈起安乐死，并告诉家人他不愿意在身体受限的情况下继续生活。

In November 2022, Els was diagnosed with dementia. “This is very good,” she told BBC, pointing to her body. “But this is terrible,” she added, pointing to her head. With both of their conditions declining, Jan's discussion of euthanasia became more of a reality. The pair ultimately opted for duo-euthanasia — to end their lives together.

2022年11月，艾尔斯被诊断出患有痴呆症。“身体还好，”她指着自己的身体告诉BBC。“但脑子糟透了，”她指着自己的头补充道。随着两人病情的恶化，简关于安乐死的讨论变得愈发现实。最终，两人决定一起通过安乐死结束生命。

The procedure became legal in the Netherlands when the Termination of Life on Request and Assisted Suicide (Review Procedures) Act was passed in April 2001, taking into effect in April 2002. With its passing, the Netherlands became the first country in the world to make euthanasia legal. The country's official government website states that the procedure is performed by a physician who administers "a fatal dose of a suitable drug to the patient on his or her express request."

2001年4月，荷兰通过了《依请求结束生命与协助自杀法案（审查程序）》，并于2002年4月生效，使荷兰成为世界上第一个将安乐死合法化的国家。荷兰政府官方网站称，安乐死由医生执行，医生“根据患者的明确要求，为其注射致命剂量的合适药物”。

"Requests for euthanasia often come from patients experiencing unbearable suffering with no prospect of improvement,” the website states. “Their request must be made earnestly and with full conviction. They see euthanasia as the only escape from the situation. However, patients have no absolute right to euthanasia and doctors no absolute duty to perform it.”

“请求安乐死通常来自那些遭受无法忍受的病痛且无望改善的患者，”网站上写道。“其请求必须是真诚且坚定的，并将安乐死视为唯一出路。然而，患者没有绝对的权利要求安乐死，医生也没有绝对的义务执行安乐死。”

The couple made the decision before Els' dementia worsened and she was no longer able to make the decision on her own.

两人是在艾尔斯的痴呆症恶化且她不再能自主做决定之前选择安乐死的。

“If you take a lot of medicine, you live like a zombie,” Jan explained. “So, with the pain I have, and Els' illness, I think we have to stop this.”

“如果你服用大量药物，你就会像僵尸一样活着，”简解释道。“所以，考虑到我的疼痛和埃尔斯的病情，我认为我们必须结束这一切。”

When he said “stop this,” he told the outlet that he meant stop living. "I've lived my life, I don't want pain anymore,” he continued. “The life we've lived, we're getting old. We think it has to be stopped.”

当他说“结束这一切”时，他告诉BBC，他的意思是不活了。“我已经活了一辈子，我不想再痛苦了，”他继续说道。“我们活够了，我们老了。我们认为必须结束了。”

"There is no other solution," Els said.

“没有其他解决办法，”艾尔斯说。

Their son, who asked to remain anonymous, told BBC that it was a “strange day” losing both of his parents.

他们的儿子要求匿名，他告诉BBC，那是“奇怪的一天”，他失去了双亲。

“I remember we were having dinner in the evening, and I got tears in my eyes just watching us all having that final dinner together,” he told the outlet. “The final half hour was difficult. The doctors arrived and everything happened quickly - they follow their routine, and then it's just a matter of minutes.”

“我记得我们晚上一起吃晚饭，看着我们所有人最后一次共进晚餐，我的眼泪就在眼眶里打转，”他对该媒体说。“最后的半个小时很艰难。医生们到了，一切都发生得很快——他们按流程进行，然后就是几分钟的事。”

Doctors administered the lethal medication to Jan and Els on June 3 and the couple died together at a local hospice.

6月3日，医生给简和艾尔斯注射了致命药物，两人在当地临终关怀中心一起离开了。

20240704研究发现懂得感恩的人更长寿

Gratitude can help you live longer, study finds

From: Women's Health

As well as spiking happy feelings in the present, practising gratitude could come with the serious long-term benefits of extending your lifespan, new research has found. The work, published by researchers at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, is the first study to collect data on the relationship between gratitude and mortality.

新研究发现，践行感恩不仅能带来即时的幸福感，还可能延长寿命。这项研究由哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院（the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health）的研究人员发表，是第一项收集感恩与死亡率之间关系数据的研究。

How was the research conducted? 研究是如何进行的？

Using data from the Nurses' Health Study of over 49,000 mature women, researchers observed that those whose scores were in the highest third of a gratitude questionnaire had a 9% lower risk of all-cause mortality than those who scored in the bottom third, particularly when it came to cardiovascular disease (conditions affecting your heart and blood vessels, including heart disease and heart attacks).

研究人员使用了来自49,000多名成年女性的护士健康研究（Nurses' Health Study）的数据。研究人员观察到，那些在感恩问卷中得分处于前三分之一的女性，其全因死亡率比得分处于后三分之一的女性低9%，尤其是在心血管疾病（影响心脏和血管的疾病，包括心脏病和心肌梗死）方面。

Participants were required to complete the six-item gratitude questionnaire in 2016 – when the average participant age was 79 – by agreeing or disagreeing with statements such as, 'I have so much in life to be thankful for' and, 'If I had to list everything that I felt grateful for, it would be a very long list'.

2016年，参与者完成了一份包含六项内容的感恩问卷，当时她们的平均年龄为79岁。问卷中包括是否同意“我有很多值得感恩的事物”和“如果让我列出所有值得感恩的事物，那将是一个很长的清单”等表述。

In 2019, the team then followed up to check if any deaths had occurred and what the reasons were, ranging from all-cause mortality to the more specific cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease, neurodegenerative disease, infection, and injury. Of the 4,608 deaths over the study period, cardiovascular disease was the most common cause.

2019年，研究团队对是否有人死亡以及死亡原因进行了跟进调查，调查范围包括全因死亡率以及更具体的心血管疾病、癌症、呼吸系统疾病、神经退行性疾病、感染和受伤。在研究期间死亡的4608人中，心血管疾病是最常见的原因。

What are the study's possible drawbacks? 这项研究可能存在哪些缺陷？

To quantify gratitude's impact on life length accurately, the study claims that it was 'conservative' in its approach when taking into account other criteria like social participation, religious involvement and optimism, which often overlap with gratitude. In other words, there is the caveat that those who are grateful are probably also actively involved in aspects of community life that promote healthy ageing by fostering stronger relationships. Indeed, a study published in the journal Social Science & Medicine has shown that continuing to invest in mutual and trusting social ties is linked to longevity and – as another study suggested – lower levels of functional decline.

为了准确量化感恩对寿命的影响，该研究声称，在考虑到社会参与、宗教参与和乐观主义等其他因素时，其方法是“保守的”，因为这些因素往往与感恩有交集。换句话说，需要注意的是，懂得感恩的人很可能也积极参与社区生活的方方面面，而这些社区生活通过加强人际关系促进了健康的老龄化。事实上，发表在《社会科学与医学》（Social Science & Medicine）杂志上的一项研究表明，持续投入于互信的社会关系与长寿有相关性，另一项研究则表明，还能降低功能衰退水平。

Plus, data was exclusively gathered from nurses, meaning that the full scope of a possible impact of gratitude on other lifestyles and professions wasn't examined.

此外，这项研究仅从护士中收集数据，这意味着没有全面研究感恩对其他生活方式和职业可能产生的影响。

'Prior research indicates that there are ways of intentionally fostering gratitude, such as writing down or discussing what you are grateful for a few times a week,' said lead author Ying Chen, research scientist in the Department of Epidemiology. 'Promoting healthy aging is a public health priority, and we hope further studies will improve our understanding of gratitude as psychological resource for enhancing longevity.'

“先前的研究表明，有一些方法可以有意识地培养感恩之心，比如每周写下或讨论几次值得感恩的事物，”流行病学系研究科学家、第一作者陈颖（音译）说。“促进健康老龄化是公共卫生的当务之急，我们希望进一步的研究能提高我们对感恩作为延长寿命的心理资源的认识。”

20240705英国又又又换首相了

As Britain Votes, Change Is in the Air. Optimism, Not So Much.

From: The New York Times

Voters went to the polls in Britain on Thursday in a dyspeptic mood, many of them frustrated with the Conservative government and skeptical that any replacement can unravel the tangle of problems hobbling the country.

周四，英国选民怀着悲观的情绪前往投票站，许多人对保守党政府感到失望，并怀疑任何替代者都无法解决困扰国家的一系列问题。

Their skepticism is warranted, according to analysts. Even if the Labour Party wins a robust majority in Parliament, as polls suggest, it will confront a raft of challenges, from a torpid economy to a corroded National Health Service, without having many tools to fix them.

分析人士认为，他们的这种疑虑不无道理。即便工党如民意调查显示的那样赢得议会的绝对多数席位，它也将面临着从经济低迷到国民健康服务体系退化的一系列挑战，而且没有太多手段来解决这些问题。

The Labour leader, Keir Starmer, would inherit a “legacy of ashes,” said Robert Ford, a professor of political science at the University of Manchester. And voters, who less than five years ago elected the Conservatives in a landslide, are not likely to give Mr. Starmer much slack to turn things around.

曼彻斯特大学政治学教授罗伯特·福特表示，工党领袖基尔·斯塔默将继承是一堆“灰烬”。不到五年前，选民以压倒性优势选举出了保守党，他们不太可能给斯塔默太多机会来扭转局面。

“The message could not be clearer: You must deliver change — or you are toast,” Mr. Ford said. “People will not be patient.”

“信息再清楚不过了：你必须能带来改变——否则你就完蛋了，”福特说。“人们不会有耐心的。”

U.K.'s Labour Party Wins Landslide, Sunak Concedes Defeat

From: The Wall Street Journal

Britain's Labour Party has won a landslide election victory as voters look set to hand its leader Keir Starmer one of the biggest parliamentary majorities in British history and place a center-left government into Downing Street for the first time in 14 years.

英国工党在选举中取得压倒性胜利，该党领导人斯塔默(Keir Starmer)获得英国历史上领先差距最大的议会多数席位之一，14年来首次将一届中左翼政府送入唐宁街。

Thursday's election marked a huge shift in Britain's political landscape and a heavy repudiation of Sunak's Conservative Party, which has been in power during a tumultuous decade in British politics that included Britain's departure from the European Union, political infighting and scandals that saw four prime ministers in five years, the pandemic, war in Ukraine and a cost-of-living crisis.

周四的选举是对首相苏纳克(Rishi Sunak)领导的保守党的一次特别严重的否定，保守党在英国政坛动荡的十年中一直执政，这十年经历了英国脱欧、政治内讧和丑闻（正因如此五年内经历了四任首相）、新冠疫情、乌克兰战争和生活费用危机。

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak early Friday conceded the election and apologized to his party for the scale of the defeat. “The British people have delivered a sobering verdict tonight…and I take responsibility for the loss,” he said.

苏纳克周五早些时候承认失败，并向他的政党道歉。他说：“英国人民今晚做出了让人清醒过来的裁决……我为这次失利负责。”

20240706巴黎奥运会允许代表团自费安空调

Green dreams of the Paris Olympics in meltdown as organisers U-turn on air conditioning

From: Euronews

Organisers of the Paris Olympics want it to be the greenest ever Games, but athletes are prioritising their health.

巴黎奥运会主办方希望这届奥运会成为有史以来最环保的一届奥运会，然而，运动员们则把自己的健康放在首位。

It was billed as the “greenest [Games] in Olympic history” - but the sustainability dreams of Paris 2024 are melting away as organisers order 2,500 air-conditioning units.

这届奥运会被标榜为“奥运史上最环保的奥运会”，但随着主办方订购了2500台空调，2024年巴黎奥运会的可持续发展梦正在逐渐破灭。

Originally designed without air-con, the eco-friendly Paris Olympic Village includes a geothermal cooling system that pumps cold water from deep beneath the ground to keep indoor temps at least 6°C lower than outside.

环保型巴黎奥运村最初设计时没有空调，而是采用了地热冷却系统，从地下深处抽取冷水，使室内温度至少比室外低6°C。

“I want the Paris Games to be exemplary from an environmental point of view,” said Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo last year.

巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈（Anne Hidalgo）去年说：“从环保角度来看，我希望巴黎奥运会堪称典范。”

But after pushback from Olympic delegations, Paris organisers are now allowing countries to order portable air-con units at their own expense, which will be installed for the duration of the Games. It was announced this week that 2,500 units have been ordered.

但在遭到奥运代表团的反对后，巴黎奥运会主办方现在允许各国自费订购便携式空调，并在奥运会期间安装。本周宣布已订购了2500台。

Will Paris 2024 still be the greenest ever Games?

2024年巴黎奥运会还会是史上最环保的一届奥运会吗？

As the home to the most significant climate accord on record, the Paris Agreement, there was always going to be pressure on the French capital to deliver an eco-friendly Olympics.

作为有史以来最重要的气候协议《巴黎协定》的发源地，法国首都始终面临着举办环保型奥运会的压力。

Organisers pledged to more than halve the carbon count compared to London 2012 and Rio 2016, limiting emissions to 1.58 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for the July-August Games and Paralympics that follow.

与2012年伦敦奥运会和2016年里约奥运会相比，巴黎奥运会主办方承诺将碳排放量减少一半以上，将7月至8月奥运会和残奥会期间的二氧化碳排放量限制在158万吨二氧化碳当量。

Sustainability innovations to achieve the cuts include reducing the number of new buildings and using wood, low-carbon cement and salvaged materials for unavoidable construction.

为了实现减排目标，可持续发展措施包括减少新建筑数量，并在不可避免的建筑施工中使用木材、低碳水泥和回收材料。

Digital infrastructure company Equinix is supplying excess data centre heat to warm up Paris' 2.5 million litre Olympic swimming pool, with stadiums powered by 100 per cent renewable energy - and some featuring their own solar panels.

数字基础设施公司Equinix将提供数据中心多余的热量，为巴黎250万升的奥运游泳池供暖，体育场馆使用100%可再生能源供电，有些场馆还配备了太阳能电池板。

Catering will be 80 per cent locally sourced and 60 per cent plant based. There are low-carbon transport options to all venues. Surfing has been outsourced to Tahiti, to encourage people to watch on TV rather than fly to spectate.

餐饮将有80%来自本地采购，60%为素食。所有场馆都可选择低碳交通。冲浪比赛安排在塔希提岛举行，以鼓励人们通过电视观看而不要乘飞机前往观赛。

And then there's the controversial decision not to include air-conditioning, which consumes 10 per cent of global electricity and leaks planet-warming gases.

此外，还有一个备受争议的决定，那就是不安装空调，因为空调消耗了全球10%的电能，并释放出导致地球变暖的气体。

“I have a lot of respect for the comfort of athletes, but I think a lot more about the survival of humanity,” Hidalgo said last year of the decision.

伊达尔戈去年谈到这一决定时说：“我非常重视运动员的舒适度，但我更关心人类的生存问题。”

No air-con? But Paris 2024 could be the hottest Games on Olympic record

没有空调？但2024年巴黎奥运会可能是有史以来最热的一届奥运会

A report issued last month, Rings of Fire II: Heat Risks at the 2024 Paris Olympics, described the 34°C temperatures at Tokyo's 2021 Games as “a window into an alarming, escalating norm for Summer Olympics”.

上个月发布的一份报告《火环II：2024年巴黎奥运会的热风险》指出，34°C高温的2021年东京奥运会“提供了一个预警窗口，让人们看到夏季奥运会日益严峻的高温常态”。

With French meteorological service Météo France forecasting higher than normal temperatures for summer across the country, athletes expressed concern about the potential effects of extreme heat, including cramps, exhaustion, heat stroke and even death.

法国气象服务机构Météo France预测，今年夏天法国各地的气温将高于正常水平，运动员们对极端高温可能带来的影响表示担忧，包括抽筋、疲劳、中暑甚至死亡。

20240707印度一男子被蛇咬后反将蛇咬死

Man Bites Snake to Death After It Attacked Him

From: Newsweek

A man in India bit a snake back after it attacked him, resulting in the snake's death.

印度一名男子被蛇咬后，反将蛇咬死。

The 35-year-old railway worker Santosh Lohar was working in a forested region near the city of Nawada in Bihar, India when the incident occurred on Tuesday evening.

周二傍晚，35岁的铁路工人桑托什·洛哈尔（Santosh Lohar）在印度比哈尔邦纳瓦达市附近的森林地区工作时发生了这起事件。

When Lohar went to sleep, the reptile suddenly attacked him. He reacted by rapidly seizing the snake and biting it back twice, killing the creature.

洛哈尔睡着时，蛇突然袭击了他。他的反应是迅速抓住蛇，反咬了两口，将其咬死。

In some parts of India, there is a superstition that biting a snake transfers the venom back to the reptile.

在印度某些地区，有一种迷信说法，认为咬蛇会把毒液传回给蛇。

"In my village, there's a belief that if a snake bites you, you must bite it back twice to neutralize the venom," Lohar told India Today. The species of snake that bit him has not been confirmed.

洛哈尔在接受《今日印度》（India Today）采访时表示：“在我们村里，有一种说法，如果蛇咬了你，你必须反咬两口才能中和毒液。”咬他的是哪种蛇尚未确定。

After the bite, Lohar was rushed to the hospital by his colleagues. He was kept overnight and responded well to treatment, the Times of India reported, indicating he had been given antivenom. He was discharged from the hospital the next day.

被蛇咬后，洛哈尔同事将其紧急送往医院。据《印度时报》（Times of India）报道，他被注射了抗蛇毒血清，留院观察了一夜，情况良好。第二天他就出院了。

India is home to a diverse range of snake species, including several that are highly venomous. Some of the country's most dangerous snakes include the Indian cobra (also known as the spectacled cobra), the common krait, the Russell's viper, and the saw-scaled viper.

印度的蛇种类繁多，其中包括几种剧毒蛇。印度最危险的蛇包括印度眼镜蛇（又称眼镜蛇）、印度环蛇、罗素蝰蛇和锯鳞蝰蛇。

These four species are sometimes called the "Big Four" due to their powerful venom and the proportion of snake bite injuries they cause. India is also home to the venomous King cobra and the banded krait.

这四种蛇因其强大毒性及所造成的咬伤比例较高有时被称为“四大毒蛇”。印度还是剧毒眼镜王蛇和金环蛇的故乡。

According to a 2020 study, Russell's viper alone accounted for 43 percent of the snakebites in India between 2000 and 2019, with kraits making up 18 percent of bites and cobras 12 percent. Agricultural workers, rural residents, and those living in close proximity to snake habitats are at higher risk of being bitten by venomous snakes.

根据2020年的一项研究，2000年至2019年间印度蛇咬伤事件中，仅罗素蝰蛇就占43%，环蛇占18%，眼镜蛇占12%。农业工人、农村居民以及居住在蛇类栖息地附近的人被毒蛇咬伤的风险较高。

According to the same study, there were 1.2 million snakebite deaths (an average of 58,000 per year) from 2000 to 2019.

根据同一项研究，2000年至2019年间，共有120万人死于蛇咬伤（平均每年5.8万人）。

"Approximately 1.11–1.77 million bites occur annually with about 70% representing envenomation, and 58,000 dying," the paper said.

“每年大约发生111万至177万起蛇咬伤事件，其中约70%为毒液中毒，5.8万人死亡，”该研究指出。

The venom of these snakes usually contains neurotoxins—which cause symptoms like blurred vision, drooping eyelids, and difficulty breathing—as well as hemotoxins, which lead to pain, swelling, bruising, and hemorrhages.

这些蛇的毒液通常含有神经毒素——会导致视力模糊、眼睑下垂和呼吸困难等症状——以及血液毒素，会导致疼痛、肿胀、瘀伤和出血。

"Bites by venomous snakes can cause acute medical emergencies involving shock, paralysis, hemorrhage, acute kidney injury and severe local tissue destruction that can prove fatal or lead to permanent disability if left untreated.

“被毒蛇咬伤可能会引发急性急症，包括休克、瘫痪、出血、急性肾损伤和严重的局部组织破坏，如果不及时治疗，可能导致死亡或永久性残疾。”

"Most deaths and serious consequences from snakebite envenomation (exposure to venom toxins from the bite) are avoidable by timely access to safe and effective antivenoms," the paper said.

该研究指出：“如果能及时获得安全有效的抗蛇毒血清，蛇咬伤中毒（被咬后接触毒液毒素）造成的大多数死亡和严重后果都是可以避免的。”

20240708全网医生要求把4分还给小学生

Reading, Math and Grit

From: The New York Times, Sep 14, 2012

In “How Children Succeed,” Paul Tough, a former editor of the Times Magazine, argues that simply teaching math and reading — the so-called cognitive skills — isn't nearly enough, especially for children who have grown up enduring the stresses of poverty. In fact, it might not even be the most important thing.

保罗·图赫（Paul Tough）曾担任《纽约时报杂志》（Times Magazine）的编辑，他在《孩子如何成功》（How Children Succeed）一书中认为，只教授数学和阅读（所谓的认知能力）远远不够，特别是对那些忍受着贫穷压力长大的孩子。事实上，这可能连最重要的事都算不上。

Rather, tapping into a great deal of recent research, Tough writes that the most important things to develop in students are “noncognitive skills,” which Tough labels as “character.” Many of the people who have done the research or are running the programs that Tough admires have different ways of expressing those skills. But they are essentially character traits that are necessary to succeed not just in school, but in life. Jeff Nelson, who runs a program in partnership with 23 Chicago high schools called OneGoal, which works to improve student achievement and helps students get into college, describes these traits as “resilience, integrity, resourcefulness, professionalism and ambition.” “They are the linchpin of what we do,” Nelson told me. Nelson calls them “leadership skills.” Tough uses the word “grit” a lot.

根据大量最近的研究结果，图赫写道，学生应该发展的最重要的能力是“非认知能力”，图赫将其称为“性格”。很多做过该研究或正在开展图赫推崇的项目的人对这些能力有不同的表达。但这些能力实质上指的是性格品质，这是学业乃至人生成功不可缺少的。杰夫·内尔森（Jeff Nelson）和23个芝加哥高中学校共同开展一个名为“同一目标”（One Goal）的项目，该项目的目的是提高学生的成绩，并帮助他们进入大学。内尔森把这些特征描述为“韧性、正直、会想办法、专业精神和雄心壮志”。“这是我们做事的关键，”内尔森告诉我。内尔森称这些性格品质为“领导能力”。图赫多次使用“坚韧”一词。

On some level, these are traits we all try to instill in our children. (Indeed, Tough devotes a section of his book to the anxiety of many upper-middle-class parents that they are failing in this regard.) But poor children too often don't have parents who can serve that role. They develop habits that impede their ability to learn. Often they can't even see what the point of learning is. They act indifferently or hostile in school, though that often masks feelings of hopelessness and anxiety.

在某种程度上，我们都试图把这些品质教给给我们的孩子。（确实，图赫书中的一部分就是写，很多中上层阶级的父母担心他们在这方面做的不好。）但穷孩子的父母经常不能承担起这一角色。这些孩子养成了一些有碍学习能力的习惯。他们经常看不到学习的意义。他们的行为表现出对学校的冷漠或反感，但这些行为掩盖的是绝望和焦虑情绪。

What was most surprising to me was Tough's insistence, bolstered by his reporting, that character is not something you have to learn as a small child, or are born with, but can be instilled even in teenagers who have had extraordinarily difficult lives and had no previous grounding in these traits. We get to meet a number of children who, with the help of a program or a mentor who stresses character, have turned their lives around remarkably. We meet Dave Levin, the founder of KIPP, perhaps the best charter school chain in the country, whose earliest graduates run into problems when they get to college — only 21 percent of them had graduated after six years, according to Tough — and then begins stressing character traits to turn things around.

最让我惊讶的是，图赫坚定认为，性格并非只能在幼年时习得，或是生来就有的，对那些生活异常艰难、之前没有这些品质基础的青少年来说，他们也可以被赋予这些品质。我们见到了一些孩子，经过强调性格的教育项目或老师的帮助，都出色地改善了自己的生活。我们见到了KIPP公立学校的创建人戴夫·莱文（Dave Levin）。这可能是美国最好的特许学校连锁，他们最早期的毕业生在进入大学后遇到了问题——据图赫说，只有21%的人在六年后毕业——后来，学校开始强调性格教育来扭转局面。

And we also meet Nelson, the founder of OneGoal, which takes disadvantaged students when they are juniors in high school — most of whom believe that college is an unattainable goal — and transforms them into responsible young adults who can succeed in good universities. OneGoal has a “persistence rate,” as Nelson calls it, of 85 percent, meaning that that's the percentage of students from OneGoal who are making their way through college. (The program hasn't been around long enough to have a graduation rate.) By comparison, nationally, around only 8 percent of the poorest students ever graduate from college. Nelson told me that OneGoal is expanding to Houston next year, and it hopes to be in five cities by 2017.

我们还见到了“同一目标”项目的创建人内尔森。“同一目标”项目关注那些在高中时期处于弱势的学生（其中很多人认为大学是遥不可及的目标），并把他们转变成为有责任感的、能在好大学取得成功的年轻人。“同一目标”的“坚持率”（persistence rate，这是内尔森的说法）为85%，指的是该项目中坚持上完大学的学生比例。（该项目的运行时间不长，因此还没有毕业率的数据。）相比之下，全国的贫穷学生中大约只有8%能从学校毕业。内尔森告诉我，“同一目标”将会在明年扩大到休斯顿，并希望在2017之前扩大到五个城市。

I hope it happens. Tough's book is utterly convincing that if disadvantaged students can learn the noncognitive skills that will allow them to persist in the face of difficulties — to reach for a goal even though it may off in the distance, to strive for something — they can achieve a better life.

我希望这一目标能够实现。图赫的书完全令人信服：如果弱势学生能够习得非认知能力，从而能够在面对困难时坚持不懈——去争取一个可能相当遥远的目标，去为某事奋斗到底——他们就能够获得更好的生活。

It is easy to get discouraged about the state of education in America. Maybe that's why the presidential candidates aren't stressing it. Which is the other thing about “How Children Succeed.” It's a source of optimism.

我们很容易就会对美国的教育状况感到灰心失望。或许这就是总统候选人并不强调教育问题的原因。但这也是《儿童怎样成功》一书的另一个优点。这本书让我们看到了乐观的态度。

20240709拿破仑自杀用的枪被拍出1330万

Pistols Napoleon planned to use to kill himself sold in France for €1.7m

From: The Guardian

Two pistols that Napoleon Bonaparte once intended to use to kill himself were sold in France on Sunday for €1.69m (US$1.8m), the auction house said, with the government banning their export so that they stay in the country as national treasures.

周日，拿破仑·波拿巴（Napoleon Bonaparte）曾打算用来自杀的两把手枪，在法国以169万欧元（约合180万美元）的价格售出。拍卖行表示，政府禁止这两把手枪出口，因此它们将作为国宝留在法国。

The identity of the buyer at the auction in Fontainebleau south of Paris of the finely adorned objects was not made public but the final sale price, with fees, was above the estimates of €1.2-1.5m.

这些装饰精美的手枪在巴黎南部枫丹白露（Fontainebleau）拍卖，买家身份未公开，但最终成交价（含佣金）超过了120万至150万欧元的预估价。

The richly decorated guns inlaid with gold and silver feature the engraved image of Napoleon in full imperial pomp.

这两把手枪装饰华丽，镶嵌金银，并刻有拿破仑的头像，尽显帝王风范。

They are said to have almost been used to end the French ruler's life in 1814, when he was forced to give up power after foreign forces defeated his army and occupied Paris.

据称，1814年，当外国军队击败拿破仑的军队并占领巴黎，拿破仑被迫放弃权力时，他曾打算用这两把手枪自杀。

“After the defeat of the French campaign, he was totally depressed and wanted to commit suicide with these weapons but his grand squire removed the powder,” auction house expert Jean-Pierre Osenat told AFP before the sale.

拍卖行专家让·皮埃尔·奥斯纳特（Jean-Pierre Osenat）在拍卖前告诉法新社（AFP）记者，“法国战役失败后，拿破仑感到非常沮丧，想用手枪自杀，但他的贴身侍从拿走了弹药。”

Napoleon instead took poison but vomited and survived, and later gave the pistols to his squire to thank him for his loyalty, Osenat added.

奥斯纳特补充道，拿破仑后来服毒自杀，但因呕吐而活了下来，并将手枪赠予他的贴身侍从以感谢他的忠诚。

Upon his abdication, Napoleon went into exile on the island of Elba off the coast of Italy. He would soon make a dramatic return to France, only to have his career definitively ended when he was defeated by the British at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, dying in exile on the island of Saint Helena six years later.

退位后，拿破仑被流放到意大利海岸附近的厄尔巴岛（Elba）。他很快就戏剧性地回到了法国，但在1815年滑铁卢战役中被英国人击败，最终在圣赫勒拿岛（Saint Helena）流放六年后去世。

Memorabilia of the emperor is extremely sought after among collectors.

拿破仑的纪念品在收藏家中极为抢手。

One of his famous “bicorne” black cocked hats with its blue, white and red trimmings sold for €1.9m in November.

11 月，他标志性的黑色双角帽以190万欧元的价格售出，帽子上饰有蓝、白、红三色。

Ahead of the sale of the weapons, the French culture ministry had classified the objects as national treasures and placed a ban on their export, in a decision published in the government's official journal on Saturday.

在手枪拍卖之前，法国文化部已将这些物品列为国宝，并禁止其出口，这一决定于周六发表在政府官方公报上。

The issuing of the export ban certificate opens a 30-month period during which the French government can make a purchase offer to the unidentified new owner, who has the right to refuse.

出口禁令证书的签发意味着，在30个月内，法国政府可以向未公开的新所有者提出购买要约，但新所有者有权拒绝。

Whatever its value and age, a cultural property qualified as a national treasure can leave France only temporarily, with a mandatory return.

无论其价值和年代如何，若要将被列为国宝的文物带离法国只能是暂时性的，且必须归还。

“Being classified as a national treasure gives an incredible value to the object,” said a representative of the Osenat auction house, asking not to be named.

奥斯纳特拍卖行的一位不愿透露姓名的发言人说：“被列为国宝赋予了这件文物极其巨大的价值。”

20240710萝卜快跑！

China Is Testing More Driverless Cars

From: The New York Times

The world's largest experiment in driverless cars is underway on the busy streets of Wuhan, a city in central China with 11 million people, 4.5 million cars, eight-lane expressways and towering bridges over the muddy waters of the Yangtze River.

世界上最大的无人驾驶汽车试验正在武汉繁忙的街道上进行。这座位于中国中部的城市拥有1100万人口、450万辆汽车、八车道高速公路和横跨在长江浑浊水面上的桥梁。

A fleet of 500 taxis navigated by computers, often with no safety drivers in them for backup, buzz around. The company that operates them, the tech giant Baidu, said last month that it would add a further 1,000 of the so-called robot taxis in Wuhan.

一个由500辆出租车组成的车队由电脑导航，在街头穿梭，通常没有安全驾驶员作为后备。运营这些出租车的科技巨头百度上个月表示，将在武汉再增加1000辆所谓的机器人出租车。

Across China, 16 or more cities have allowed companies to test driverless vehicles on public roads.

在中国，已经有至少16座城市允许公司在公共道路上测试无人驾驶汽车。

Surveys by J.D. Power, an automotive consulting firm, found that Chinese drivers are more willing than Americans to trust computers to guide their cars.

汽车咨询公司JD Power的调查发现，中国司机比美国人更愿意相信电脑能引导他们的汽车。

The Cruise robot taxi service of General Motors halted service in the United States last fall after one of its cars in San Francisco hit and dragged a pedestrian who had been knocked into its path by a human driver. California regulators later suspended the company's state license.

去年秋天，通用汽车的Cruise机器人出租车服务停止了在美国的服务，原因是该公司的一辆汽车在旧金山撞倒并拖拽了一名被人类司机撞到车道上的行人。加州监管机构随后吊销了该公司的州执照。

Ford and Volkswagen shut down their robot taxi joint venture, Argo AI, two years ago, but both companies are still developing advanced assisted driving systems.

两年前，福特和大众关闭了他们的机器人出租车合资企业Argo AI，但两家公司仍在开发先进的辅助驾驶系统。

Last fall, Japan suspended its test of driverless golf carts that travel seven miles per hour after one of them hit the pedal of a parked bicycle. No one was injured. The testing resumed in March.

去年秋天，日本暂停了时速约11公里的无人驾驶高尔夫球车的测试，因为其中一辆高尔夫球车撞上了一辆停放的自行车的踏板。无人受伤。测试于3月恢复。

No company has made bigger bets on computer-guided driving than the American automaker Tesla. But its Autopilot system for highway driving, which it introduced in 2014, and its new Full Self-Driving system, for street and highway driving, are not truly driverless. Motorists are required to keep their eyes on the road and hands on the steering wheel.

在计算机引导驾驶方面，没有哪家公司比美国汽车制造商特斯拉的赌注更大。但它在2014年推出的用于公路驾驶的Autopilot系统，以及用于街道和公路驾驶的Full Self-Driving系统，都不是真正的无人驾驶。驾驶者必须目视道路，手握方向盘。

Elon Musk, the chief executive of Tesla, announced on April 5 a “Tesla Robotaxi unveil on 8/8.”

但特斯拉首席执行官埃隆·马斯克在4月5日宣布，“特斯拉机器人出租车将于8月8日推出”。

Many Chinese makers of electric cars are introducing advanced assisted driving features on their mass-production cars.

许多中国电动汽车制造商正在量产汽车上引入先进的辅助驾驶功能。

The China Society of Automotive Engineers forecasts that 20 percent of the cars sold in China in 2030 will be completely driverless and that another 70 percent will have advanced assisted driving technology.

中国汽车工程学会预测，到2030年，在中国销售的汽车中，20%将是完全无人驾驶汽车，另外70%将采用先进的辅助驾驶技术。

Baidu believes it has a three- to five-year lead over Tesla in Chinese cities like Wuhan, according to Wang Yunpeng, president of Baidu's intelligent driving business group. By operating fully driverless cars in these places, Baidu has learned how the traffic works, block by block, he said in a speech last month.

百度智能驾驶事业群负责人王云鹏表示，百度认为，在武汉等中国城市，它比特斯拉领先三到五年。他在上个月的演讲中说，通过在这些地方运行完全无人驾驶汽车，百度已经一个街区一个街区地了解了交通状况。

From steamy coastal ports in southeastern China like Shenzhen and Fuzhou to metropolises in the mountains of western China, like Chongqing and Chengdu, cities across China are encouraging broad experimentation.

从深圳和福州等东南部潮湿的沿海港口，到重庆和成都等西部山区的大都市，中国各地的城市都在鼓励广泛的试验。

20240711你的手机用多久了

Has China Lost Its Taste for the iPhone?

From: The New York Times

For years, Apple dominated the market for high-end smartphones in China. No other company made a device that could compete with the iPhone's performance — or its position as a status object in the eyes of wealthy, cosmopolitan shoppers.

多年来，苹果一直主导着中国高端智能手机市场。其他公司生产的设备与iPhone的性能相比没有竞争性，或在有钱的、见多识广的购物者眼里，不具有iPhone的那种地位象征。

But evidence is mounting that, for many in China, the iPhone no longer holds the appeal it used to. During the first six weeks of the year, historically a peak season for Chinese shoppers to spring for a new phone, iPhone sales fell 24 percent from a year earlier, according to Counterpoint Research, which analyzes the smartphone market.

但越来越多的证据表明，对许多中国人来说，iPhone不再具有以前的那种吸引力。每年的前六周历来是中国消费者购买新手机的旺季，据分析智能手机市场的Counterpoint Research的数据，中国今年头六周的iPhone销量与去年同期相比下降了24%。

Meanwhile, sales for one of Apple's longstanding Chinese rivals, Huawei, surged 64 percent.

与此同时，作为苹果在中国的老对手之一，华为的销量猛增了64%。

China's smartphone market is divided up by a number of companies. The domestic brands Vivo, Oppo and Xiaomi jostle with Apple and Huawei for the largest pieces.

中国智能手机市场的份额由多家公司分享。国产品牌Vivo、Oppo和小米与苹果和华为争夺最大的几块份额。

It's a challenging time for Apple. Analysts say its latest product, a $3,500 virtual reality headset released in February, is still years away from gaining mainstream appeal. This month, Apple has taken two regulatory hits: a European Union fine of nearly $2 billion for anticompetitive music streaming practices and a U.S. government lawsuit claiming Apple violated antitrust laws.

对苹果来说，这是个充满挑战的时候。它在今年2月发布了售价3500美元的虚拟现实头显，分析人士说，这款最新产品距离获得主流吸引力仍需数年时间。苹果公司还在本月遭受了两项监管打击：欧盟对其在音乐流媒体方面的反竞争行为罚款近20亿美元；此外，美国政府对苹果公司提起诉讼，指控其违反了反垄断法。

For a decade, China has been the iPhone's most important market after the United States and accounted for roughly 20 percent of Apple's sales.

十年来，中国一直是仅次于美国的最重要的iPhone市场，约占苹果销售额的20%。

“The golden time for Apple in China is over,” said Linda Sui, a senior director at TechInsights, a market research firm.

“苹果在中国的黄金时代已经结束，”市场研究公司TechInsights的高级总监隋倩说。

“Five years ago, Apple had really strong branding in China — people would bring tents to wait through the whole night outside the Apple Store for the next product launch,” said Lucas Zhong, a Shanghai-based analyst at Canalys, a market research firm. “The iPhone 15 launch wasn't nearly as popular.”

“五年前，苹果在中国是一个非常强大的品牌，人们会带着帐篷在苹果专卖店外彻夜等待新款产品的发布，”市场研究公司Canalys驻上海的分析师钟晓磊说。“iPhone 15的推出并没有引起太大的轰动。”

Apple has responded to the challenges in China. Its chief executive, Tim Cook, has traveled to the country and visited Apple's suppliers. Last week, he attended the splashy opening of an Apple Store near Shanghai's Jing'an Temple — the company's eighth store in Shanghai and 57^th in China — to a crowd of Apple fans. The company also said it was expanding its research and development labs in Shanghai.

苹果已对在中国面临的挑战做出回应。首席执行官蒂姆·库克前往中国造访苹果的供应商。上周，他出席了上海静安寺附近一家苹果专卖店为一群苹果粉丝举行的盛大开业仪式，这是苹果在上海的第8家店，在中国的第57家店。苹果还表示，正在扩建公司在上海的应用研究实验室。

20240712美国2名宇航员被困太空近1个月

Astronauts are stuck on International Space Station indefinitely after problems with Boeing Starliner

From: The New York Times

The two astronauts currently stuck on the International Space Station might not be able to come down until August, Nasa has said.

美国航空航天局（NASA）表示，目前被困在国际空间站（ISS）的两名宇航员可能要到8月份才能返回地球。

They were taken to the ISS on board Boeing's troubled Starliner capsule in June. Even before launch, the spacecraft ran into technical issues, and it has experienced a host of new ones since.

今年6月，他们搭乘波音公司问题重重的Starliner飞船到达国际空间站。在发射前，这艘飞船就遇到了技术问题，自那时起又出现了一系列新的问题。

Sunita Williams and Butch Wilmore, the astronauts, were supposed to come back after around a week. But engineers have repeatedly delayed their return flight, because of safety concerns about the capsule.

宇航员苏尼塔·威廉姆斯（Sunita Williams）和布奇·威尔莫尔（Butch Wilmore）原计划在约一周后返回。但由于飞船的安全问题，工程师们一再推迟他们的返回时间。

Since then, they have been stuck indefinitely on the spacecraft, as engineers work to check whether the Starliner would be safe to return.

从那时起，他们就被无限期地困在飞船上，因为工程师们要检查Starliner飞船是否可以安全返回。

But in a new update, Nasa engineers said that the astronauts could be stuck until August. The crew on the ISS is supposed to rotate in mid-August, which is serving as something of a deadline for the plans.

但在最新消息中，美国航空航天局工程师表示，宇航员可能要到八月才能返回。国际空间站上的乘组应该在8月中旬轮换，这在某种程度上是计划的最后期限。

The astronauts stuck in space have however said that they believe the spacecraft will allow for their safe return. “I have a real good feeling in my heart that this spacecraft will bring us home, no problem,” NASA astronaut 'Suni' Williams said during the test crew's first news conference since docking to the ISS more than a month ago.

然而，被困在太空中的宇航员表示，他们相信飞船能够安全返回。“我心里有一种非常好的感觉，这艘飞船会安全地带我们回家，”美国航空航天局宇航员苏尼塔·威廉姆斯在一个多月前与国际空间站对接后的首次新闻发布会上说。

NASA's commercial crew chief Steve Stich told reporters on Wednesday that “we're taking our time” with the testing and that the results of the New Mexico thruster tests “are not quite what we would have hoped for.”

美国航空航天局商业乘组组长史蒂夫·斯蒂奇（Steve Stich）周三告诉记者，“我们正在慢慢地”进行测试，新墨西哥州推进器测试的结果“并不完全符合我们的预期”。

Stich said he hopes the testing will be completed by this weekend. Stich previously said this testing could last “a couple weeks,” followed by a detailed Nasa review of the data to inform the agency's decision on letting Starliner fly the astronauts home.

斯蒂奇表示，他希望测试能在本周末完成。斯蒂奇此前曾表示，测试可能会持续“几周”，随后是美国航空航天局对数据进行详细审查，以决定是否让Starliner飞船搭载宇航员返回地球。

Also docked to the space station is SpaceX's Crew Dragon capsule that ferried four astronauts to the ISS in March, and a Russian Soyuz capsule that delivered three others in September. Stich acknowledged that at least one of those vehicles could provide an alternative ride home for Wilmore and Williams.

目前与空间站对接的还有，3月份将四名宇航员运送到国际空间站的SpaceX公司载人龙飞船，以及9月份运送了另外三名宇航员的俄罗斯联盟号飞船。斯蒂奇表示，其中至少有一艘飞船可以为威尔莫尔和威廉姆斯提提供返回地球的备选飞船。

“We have a little bit more time to go through the data, and then make a decision as to whether we need to do anything different” with the return plan, Stich said. “But the prime option today is to return Butch and Suni on Starliner. Right now, we don't see any reason that wouldn't be the case.”

“我们还有一点时间来研究数据，然后决定是否需要对返回计划做任何调整，”斯蒂奇说。“但目前首要选择是让两人搭乘Starliner飞船返回。现在我们没有看到任何不支持这一选择的理由。”

Starliner is approved to stay docked to the ISS for 45 days - which would be July 21 - or up to 90 days using various backup systems and depending largely on the health of its lithium ion batteries, which have caused concerns in the past.

Starliner飞船获准与国际空间站对接45天——即到7月21日——或使用各种备用系统对接最多90天，这主要取决于其锂离子电池的健康状况，而这些电池在过去曾引起过担忧。

Though Nasa and Boeing have said Starliner is capable of returning the astronauts to Earth in the event of an emergency on the ISS, the capsule is not approved to fly home under normal, non-emergency circumstances until its thruster issues are resolved or at least better understood.

尽管美国航空航天局和波音公司表示，Starliner飞船能够在国际空间站发生紧急情况时将宇航员送回地球，但在推进器问题得到解决或至少更好地理解其问题所在之后，才能允许飞船在正常、非紧急情况下返回地球。

A Russian satellite last month broke apart into some 180 pieces of debris near the space station's orbit and forced astronauts into their various docked spacecraft, including Wilmore and Williams getting into Starliner, to prepare for a potential escape. Boeing cited the event as an example of Starliner's readiness to return home if absolutely necessary.

上个月，一颗俄罗斯卫星在空间站轨道附近解体，产生了约180块碎片，迫使宇航员进入各种对接的飞船，包括威尔莫尔和威廉姆斯进入Starliner飞船，为可能的逃生做准备。波音公司以这次事件为例，说明Starliner飞船已做好在必要时返回地球的准备。

Mark Nappi, Boeing's Starliner chief, told reporters that such an emergency return scenario would simply involve Starliner undocking from the station and safely returning the crew to Earth, despite questions about the thrusters.

波音公司Starliner飞船负责人马克·纳皮（Mark Nappi）告诉记者，尽管推进器存在问题，但这种紧急返回情况只需Starliner飞船脱离空间站，然后将乘组安全送回地球即可。

“I feel confident that if we had to, if there was a problem with the International Space Station, we can get in our spacecraft, and we can undock, talk to our team, and figure out the best way to come home,” Williams said.

威廉姆斯说：“我相信，如果有必要，如果国际空间站有问题，我们可以进入我们的飞船，我们可以脱离对接，与我们的团队沟通，并找出返回地球的最佳方式。”

20240713电竞奥运会来了

Saudi Arabia to host first 'Olympics Esports Games' in 2025

From: The Guardian

Saudi Arabia and the International Olympic Committee have announced a 12-year agreement to host the new esports Olympics in the oil-rich kingdom starting next year.

沙特阿拉伯和国际奥林匹克委员会宣布达成一项为期12年的协议，从明年起将在沙特这个石油资源丰富的王国举办新的电子竞技奥运会。

The partnership promises “Olympic Esports Games held regularly”, the International Olympic Committee said in a statement on Friday, beginning with the Esports Olympics in 2025. Saudi Arabia did not disclose how much it planned to spend on the competition.

周五，国际奥委会在声明中表示，从2025年开始，双方将合作“定期举办电竞奥运会”。沙特阿拉伯尚未透露将为这项赛事投入多少资金。

“This is a natural next step for our young athletes, our country and the global esports community,” said Prince Abdulaziz, who also heads the Saudi national Olympic committee.

沙特国家奥林匹克委员会主席阿卜杜勒阿齐兹王子（Prince Abdulaziz）表示：“这对我们的年轻运动员、我们的国家和全球电竞社区来说，这是顺理成章的下一步。”

The IOC said last month it planned to launch video gaming Olympics to try to attract and retain young fans and audiences. In a statement announcing the Saudi Arabia deal, the IOC said the agreement had “ensured that the Olympic values are respected”, emphasizing the “promotion of gender equality and engagement with the young audience, which is embracing esports”.

国际奥委会上个月表示，计划推出视频游戏奥运会，以吸引和留住年轻观众。在宣布与沙特阿拉伯达成协议的声明中，国际奥委会强调，该协议“确保了奥林匹克价值观得到尊重”，强调“促进性别平等和吸引热衷于电竞的年轻观众”。

The announcement was made as the two-month Esports World Cup was held in Riyadh, the capital of the kingdom. The first formal hosting or sponsorship deal between the IOC and Saudi Arabia is the latest addition to the kingdom's sprawling portfolio of sports events, including confirmation, due in December, to stage the 2034 World Cup in men's football.

这一消息是在沙特首都利雅得举行为期两个月的电竞世界杯期间宣布的。这是国际奥委会与沙特阿拉伯之间的首次正式主办或赞助协议，是沙特一系列体育赛事计划中的又一项新赛事，包括预计将于12月确认的2034年男子足球世界杯。

Sports and entertainment events are a key part of a program spearheaded by the Saudi crown prince, Mohammed bin Salman, called Vision 2030, which aims to move the Saudi economy away from dependence on oil and to modernize its society.

体育和娱乐活动是沙特王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼（Mohammed bin Salman）主导的“2030愿景”计划的重要组成部分，该计划旨在使沙特经济摆脱对石油的依赖，实现社会现代化。

Saudi Arabia has hosted a swath of top-tier boxing events including heavyweight title fights in recent years, and created the LIV Golf project as a disruptive rival to the PGA Tour in the United States.

近年来，沙特阿拉伯举办了一系列顶级拳击赛事，包括重量级拳王争霸赛，并推出了LIV高尔夫巡回赛，以挑战美国PGA巡回赛的主导地位。

The kingdom also will host the 2027 Asian Cup in men's football, the 2029 Asian Winter Games, which will take place in a ski resort specially built for it, and the multi-sport 2034 Asian Games in Riyadh.

沙特还将举办2027年亚洲杯男子足球赛、2029年亚洲冬季运动会（将在专门为其建造的滑雪度假胜地举行）以及在利雅得举行的2034年亚洲运动会。

The Saudi sports minister, Prince Abdulaziz bin Turki Al Faisal, said the country “has become a global hub for professional esports”.

沙特体育部长阿卜杜勒阿齐兹·本·图尔基·阿尔费萨尔王子（Prince Abdulaziz bin Turki Al Faisal）表示，沙特 “已成为全球职业电竞中心”。

Critics of Saudi Arabia's record on human rights have said the push into international sports is in effect “sportswashing” to improve that reputation.

批评沙特人权记录的人士称，沙特进军国际体育界实际上是在“体育洗白”，以改善其声誉。

The Saudi deal must be signed off by the IOC membership, which meets on 23 and 24 July in Paris, on the eve of Games. That approval is typically a formality for projects proposed by the Olympic body's leadership.

这项协议必须由国际奥委会成员批准，国际奥委会将于奥运会前夕的7月23日和24日在巴黎举行会议。通常情况下，国际奥委会领导层提议的项目都会得到批准。

“We are very fortunate to be able to work with the Saudi committee on the Olympic Esports Games, because it has great – if not unique – expertise in the field of esports with all its stakeholders,” the IOC's president, Thomas Bach, said.

国际奥委会主席托马斯·巴赫（Thomas Bach）说：“我们非常荣幸能与沙特奥委会合作举办电竞奥运会，因为其在电竞领域与所有利益相关方都拥有丰富的、甚至可以说是独一无二的经验。”

Last month, Bach said the video gaming event would have a financial model separate from the summer and winter Games, which share revenue with governing bodies of sports on those programs.

上个月，巴赫表示，电子竞技奥运会将拥有一套不同于夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会的财务模式，夏季和冬季奥运会与那些项目的体育管理机构共享收入。

20240714突发！特朗普遭遇枪击

Trump says he was shot in the ear at rally in incident investigated as assassination attempt

From: The Independent

Former president Donald Trump was shot in the ear during a Saturday rally in Pennsylvania but said he was “fine” despite the injury. Now, law enforcement is launching an investigation with a scope that has not been seen in the US in more than 40 years.

周六，前总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）在宾夕法尼亚州集会上耳朵中弹。尽管受伤了，他还是称自己“没事”。现在，执法部门正在展开调查，其调查范围是美国40多年来从未有过的。

A person in the crowd was killed and two others were injured during the shooting. Secret Service agents killed the unidentified gunman, who fired at the crowd from outside the perimeter.

枪击事件造成人群中一人死亡，两人受伤。特勤人员击毙了从外围向人群开枪的不明身份枪手。

Around 6 p.m. Saturday — after Trump was on stage for about 15 minutes in Butler, Pennsylvania — around seven or eight popping sounds were heard. The former president dropped behind a podium as his Secret Service detail swarmed him. He was hoisted and removed from the stage by several agents with blood on his right ear and down his cheek.

周六下午6点左右，特朗普在宾夕法尼亚州巴特勒市的舞台上站了大约15分钟后，听到了大约七、八声“砰砰”声。前总统特朗普躲在演讲台后，他的特勤人员一拥而上。他被几名特勤人员抬起并带离舞台，右耳和脸颊上都有血迹。

A post on Trump's Truth Social account says that he “was shot with a bullet that pierced the upper part of my right ear.”

特朗普的Truth Social社交媒体平台账号上发帖称，他“右耳上部被一颗子弹击穿。”

“I knew immediately that something was wrong in that I heard a whizzing sound, shots, and immediately felt the bullet ripping through the skin,” the post added.

他还称：“我立即意识到出了问题，因为我听到了嗖的一声、枪声，并立即感觉到子弹穿透了皮肤。”

The shooting is being considered an assassination attempt, according to law enforcement.

根据执法部门的说法，这次枪击事件被认为是“暗杀未遂”。

In remarks from Delaware, President Joe Biden said that “there's no place in America for this kind of violence. It's sick.”

乔·拜登总统（President Joe Biden）在特拉华州发表讲话说：“美国容不下这种暴力，这是病态的。”

“We cannot allow for this to be happening. We cannot be like this. We cannot condone this,” he added.

“我们不能允许这种事情发生。我们不能这样。我们不能宽恕这种行为，”他补充道。

The president spoke with Trump late on Saturday night, according to the White House.

据白宫称，拜登总统在周六深夜与特朗普进行了通话。

20240715特朗普这张人生照片是谁拍的？

Photographer of Viral Trump Rally Shooting Pic Spills on Historic Moment

From: The Daily Beast

The Pulitzer Prize-winning Associated Press photographer who captured the image of an injured, defiant Donald Trump waving his fist to a sea of supporters on Saturday after an apparent assassination attempt knew he had one task: to keep his camera on his subject.

周六，普利策奖得主、美联社（Associated Press）摄影师埃文·武奇（Evan Vucci）拍摄到了暗杀未遂事件发生后，受伤的唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）充满斗志地向一大群支持者挥拳的照片。他明白自己只有一个任务：把相机对准自己的拍摄对象。

“It's a moment in history that you have to document, right?” Evan Vucci told The Daily Beast by phone late Saturday, hours after he captured the shocking images. “Being a photographer, you have to, have to be there. I can't write about it later. I can't go back in time and get a redo. So you have to do your job.”

“这是一个必须记录的历史性时刻，对吧？”埃文·武奇（Evan Vucci）在周六晚些时候通过电话告诉《野兽日报》（The Daily Beast），当时距他拍摄那张引发轰动的照片已经过去几个小时了。“作为摄影师，你必须亲临现场。我不能事后补拍，也不可能回到过去重拍。所以你必须做好你的工作。”

Vucci was one of the pool photographers on duty during Trump's late-day rally in Butler, Pennsylvania, one he perceived as a normal rally—not unlike those he'd covered before. Until, over his left shoulder, he heard gunshots.

武奇是当天宾夕法尼亚州巴特勒市特朗普晚间集会的现场摄影师之一，他认为这是一场普通的集会——与他之前报道过的集会并无不同。直到他从左肩后方听到了枪声。

“From there, I trained my lens on former President Trump,” Vucci said.

“从那时起，我就把镜头对准了前总统特朗普，”武奇说。

Thoughts of his safety? Didn't concern him. Thoughts of his surroundings? Irrelevant at that moment. All he cared about, he said, was what the conditions were to document history.

想到自身安全了吗？他没有考虑这一点。想到周围环境了吗？在那一刻并不重要。他说，他所关心的是记录历史的情况如何。

“What's going to happen next? What do I need to do? Where do I need to be? What is the light? What is the composition? So those are the things that starts to go through your head,” he said. “It's very much in the mindset where you're just now doing your job.”

“接下来会发生什么？我需要做什么？我需要去哪？光线如何？构图如何？这些都会在你的脑海中一一浮现，”他说。“这在很大程度上是一种心态，就是你正专注于自己的工作。”

Videos captured Vucci racing toward the right side of the stage seconds after the shooting, as he believed it best to follow where the Secret Service agents were likely to escort Trump off the platform.

视频显示，枪击发生后几秒钟，武奇迅速向舞台右侧飞奔，因为他认为跟随特勤人员护送特朗普下台的路线是最佳选择。

“They stand them up, and then he starts pumping his fists to the crowd,” Vucci said. “At that point you're just making sure that your composition is good and you're making the images that you need to make.”

“他们把他扶起来，然后他开始向人群挥拳，”武奇说。“这时，你要确保构图得当，拍出你需要的画面。”

Vucci's photos took the nation by storm, documenting a bloodied former president a week before he was set to secure the Republican nomination. His photos, along with those of peers such as New York Times veteran photographer Doug Mills and Getty Images' Anna Moneymaker, lit up all forms of news broadcasts and social media, a dark convergence of the virality of the digital age with the grim occasion of an assassination attempt on a U.S. leader.

武奇的照片风靡全国，在前总统即将获得共和党提名的一周前，他记录下了满脸是血的前总统。他的照片，以及《纽约时报》资深摄影师道格·米尔斯（Doug Mills）和盖帝图像公司（Getty Images）的安娜·莫尼梅克（Anna Moneymaker）等同行的照片，在各种新闻广播和社交媒体上随处可见，将数字时代的病毒式传播和美国领导人遇刺未遂的黑暗现实交织在一起。

History has trained Vucci for such a moment, teaching him the patience and calm nature needed to remain steady when a scene takes a sharp, potentially violent turn.

历史教会了武奇在这种时刻所需的耐心和冷静，使他在形势急转直下、可能发生暴力事件时保持镇定。

Vucci wasn't bothered by the rising conversation around his photos' political significance, which pundits online noted how the striking shot of a bloodied Trump displaying strength—literally, in clenching his fist— could help tilt the election in his favor.

武奇并不在意围绕其照片政治意义的讨论，网上评论人士指出，这张特朗普满脸是血紧握拳头展示力量的照片可能会有助于他赢得大选。

“I shoot politics for a living, man. Every single photo I take people are going to argue about,” Vucci said with a laugh. “I spend my life around a very highly polarized part of our society, so no matter what I do, people are gonna hate it. People are gonna love it. Listen, as long as everyone hates me equally, I'm doing the job.”

“我以拍摄政治为生。我拍的每一张照片都会引发争议，”武奇笑着说。“我一生都在一个高度两极分化的社会环境中度过，所以无论我做什么，都会有人讨厌，也有人喜欢。听着，只要大家对我都有同样的不满，我就做对了。”

That responsibility guided Vucci through the harrowing moments on Saturday, producing photos that will help drive political discourse through the election and be imprinted in the minds of Americans—and likely history books—for generations.

这种责任感指引着武奇度过了周六的惊险时刻，他拍摄的照片将有助于推动大选期间的政治讨论，并在美国人的脑海中留下深刻印象，而且可能还会出现在历史书中，世代相传。

“I'm glad I didn't let anyone down. I got a standard to hold,” Vucci said. “I got into journalism to, you know—the idea is to inform the American public, and I hope that they can look at the photos and they can see what I saw that day.”

“我很高兴没有让任何人失望。我有了一个标准要遵循，”武奇说。“我从事新闻工作是为了，我的目的是向美国公众提供信息，我希望他们能看到这些照片，他们能看到我那天所看到的一切。”

20240716 13.8和13.11哪个大？

Are You Smarter Than an 8^th Grader?

From: The New York Times

I AM afraid you're eligible to read this column only if you can answer this question faced by eighth graders around the world:

下面这个题是用来考世界各地八年级学生的，如果你答不上来，恐怕就不适合阅读这篇专栏了：

What is the sum of the three consecutive whole numbers with 2n as the middle number?

三个连续整数，中间一个是2n，它们的总和是多少？

A. 6n+3 B. 6n C. 6n-1 D. 6n-3

More than three-quarters of South Korean kids answered correctly (it is B). Only 37 percent of American kids were correct, lagging their peers from Iran, Indonesia and Ghana.

超过四分之三的韩国孩子回答正确（答案是B）。美国孩子只有37%答对，落后于伊朗、印度尼西亚和加纳的同龄人。

We know Johnny can't read; it appears that Johnny is even worse at counting.

我们知道美国小孩的阅读能力不行；看来他们的算术能力更糟糕。

The Educational Testing Service released a global report finding that young adults from the United States rank poorly in reading but are even worse in math — the worst of all countries tested. This is the generation that will be in the labor force for the next half-century, struggling to compete with citizens of other countries.

美国教育考试服务中心（Educational Testing Service，简称ETS）发布的一份全球报告称，美国年轻人的阅读能力排名不佳，但数学能力排名更糟——是所有参加测试的国家中最低的。这代人将在今后半个世纪成为劳动者，他们难与其他国家的公民竞争。

It's not just that American results are dragged down by poverty. Even American millennials with graduate degrees score near the bottom of international ranks in numeracy.

这不仅仅是说美国人的测试结果受到了贫困的拖累。即使有研究生学位的美国千禧一代，在算术上的得分也在国际排名中接近垫底。

We interrupt this column for another problem:

下面再试试另一个问题：

How many degrees does a minute hand of a clock turn through from 6:20 a.m. to 8 a.m. on the same day?

从早上6:20到同一天的8点，时钟的分针旋转了多少度？

A. 680 degrees B. 600 degrees C. 540 degrees D. 420 degrees

Only 22 percent of American eighth-graders correctly answered B, below Palestinians, Turks and Armenians.

只有22%的美国八年级学生给出了正确回答B，落后于巴勒斯坦人、土耳其人和亚美尼亚人。

In a recent column, I offered a paean to the humanities. But it's also true, as a professor notes in a letter to the editor, that science majors do take humanities courses. In contrast, humanities majors often desperately avoid any semblance of math or science (except for classes like “Physics for Poets”).

在最近的专栏中，我为人文学科奉上了一曲赞歌。但是正如一位教授在给编辑的信中指出的，科学专业的学生事实上有在学习人文课程。相形之下，人文专业的学生往往拼命逃避任何和数学或科学沾边的东西（除了“诗人物理学”这样的课程）。

Numeracy isn't a sign of geekiness, but a basic requirement for intelligent discussions of public policy. Without it, politicians routinely get away with using statistics, as Mark Twain supposedly observed, the way a drunk uses a lamppost: for support rather than illumination.

会算术不是怪咖的标志，而是对公共政策进行理性讨论的基本要求。路灯在醉鬼的眼里是用来支撑身体而不是照明的——据说语出马克·吐温(Mark Twain)，如果没有算术，政客三天两头像醉鬼利用路灯一样去利用统计数据，也不会被发现。

(I believe American high schools and colleges overemphasize calculus and don't sufficiently teach statistics. Statistical literacy should be part of every citizen's tool kit.)

（我相信美国高中和大学过分强调了微积分，而在统计方面教得比较少。统计应该是每一个公民应有的基本素养。）

Public debates often dance around basic statistical concepts, like standard deviation, because too few Americans understand them. And people assume far too much of “averages.”

公开辩论常常避开基本的统计概念，比如标准差，因为了解它们的美国人太少了。而人们对“平均数”有太多一厢情愿的理解。

After all, American adults have, on average, one ovary and one testicle. But try finding such an “average person.”

美国成年人平均每人有一个卵巢和一个睾丸。但你找到一个这样的“一般人”试试。

Another pop quiz:

再来一个临时小测验：

A piece of wood was 40 centimeters long. It was cut into 3 pieces. The lengths in centimeters are 2x -5, x +7 and x +6. What is the length of the longest piece?

一块木头有40厘米长。它被切成3段。以厘米为单位，三段木头长度分别是2x-5、x+7和x+6。最长的那段有多长？

Only 7 percent of American eighth graders got that one right (the answer is 15 centimeters). In contrast, 53 percent of Singaporean eighth graders answered correctly.

只有7%的美国八年级学生回答正确（答案是15厘米）。相比之下，新加坡八年级学生中有53%回答正确。

I know many readers will grumblingly protest that they're just not good at math! True, there are math prodigies who are different from you and me. When the great mathematician Carl Gauss was a young boy, his teacher is said to have asked his class to calculate the sum of all the numbers from 1 to 100. Gauss supposedly supplied the answer almost instantly: 5,050.

我知道很多读者会发牢骚说，他们只是不擅长数学而已！诚然，世界上有些数学天才异于你我常人。据说伟大的数学家卡尔·高斯(Carl Gauss)还是一个小男孩时，他的老师在课上要求学生计算从1到100所有数字的总和，高斯几乎瞬间就得出答案：5050。

The teacher, flabbergasted, asked how he knew. Gauss explained that he had added 1 and 100, 2 and 99, and realized that there would be 50 such pairs each summing 101. So 50 times 101 equals 5,050.

老师大吃一惊，问他怎么知道。高斯解释说，他把1和100相加，2和99相加，他意识到这样的对子有50个，每对的和为101。所以，50乘以101等于5050。

So I agree: Let's resent the Gausses of the world for being annoyingly smart. But let's not use that as an excuse to hide from the rigor of numbers. Countries like Singapore manage to impart extraordinary math skills in ordinary children because they work at it.

所以我同意：大家一起来怨恨高斯这种聪明得让人恼火的人。但我们不能把那当作借口来躲开严谨的数字。像新加坡这样的国家，就成功地让普通孩子掌握了良好的数学技能，因为他们在这方面努了力。

Numeracy isn't just about numbers, of course. It's also about logic. Let me leave you with a logical puzzle — a family favorite, one that I first heard as a little kid — that isn't mathematical at all. Yet people with math training seem better at thinking it through and solving it:

算术当然不仅仅是数字。它还涉及逻辑。下面有一个逻辑题——是我家里人最喜欢的一个，我第一次听到它的时候还是一个小孩——完全和数学无关。然而，接受过数学培训的人似乎更善于思考并解决它：

You're in a dungeon with two doors. One leads to escape, the other to execution. There are only two other people in the room, one of whom always tells the truth, while the other always lies. You don't know which is which, but they know that the other always lies or tells the truth. You can ask one of them one question, but, of course, you don't know whether you'll be speaking to the truth-teller or the liar. So what single question can you ask one of them that will enable you to figure out which door is which and make your escape?

你在一个地牢里，地牢有两扇门，其中一扇是逃生门，另一扇是死亡门。地牢里除你之外只有两个人，其中一人总是讲真话，另一个总是说谎。你不知道谁讲真话谁说谎，但他们互相知道。你可以问他们其中一人一个问题，当然，你不知道你问的究竟是老实人还是骗子。那么，这个问题该怎么问，才能知道哪扇是逃生门，哪扇是死亡门，从而死里逃生？

It's not a trick question. When you hear the answer, you'll see it's straightforward.

这不是一个脑筋急转弯。一旦你听到答案，你会觉得它很简单。

Give up? You ask either of them: “If I asked the other person which door is the one to escape, which would he point to?” Then you take the other door.

想不出来了？你可以问他们中的任何一个“如果我问另一个人哪扇门是逃生门，他会指哪扇呢？”然后你走另一扇门就可以了。

20240717侃爷妻子或因穿着暴露入狱

Bianca Censori's latest shocking outfit could land her in serious legal trouble

From: MARCA

Bianca Censori, wife of rapper Kanye West, made headlines in Los Angeles on Monday with her most daring outfit to date.

周一，说唱歌手坎耶·韦斯特（Kanye West）的妻子比安卡·森索里（Bianca Censori）以其迄今为止最大胆的装扮亮相洛杉矶，引发了媒体关注。

Could Censori get in legal trouble for daring outfit?

森索里的大胆装扮会惹上法律纠纷吗？

The 29-year-old Australian architect stepped out in a completely see-through netted top, fully exposing her breasts as she made her way to the Melrose Tanning Company salon.

这位29岁的澳大利亚建筑师穿着一件完全透明的网眼上衣，完全暴露了自己的胸部，前往梅尔罗斯日晒公司（Melrose Tanning Company）美容院。

Censori, known for her provocative fashion choices, paired the top with tiny beige underwear, heels, and a camouflage print hat, while ignoring the paparazzi and stepping into her luxurious SUV.

以大胆的时尚选择而闻名的森索里，搭配了米色内衣、高跟鞋和迷彩印花帽子，完全无视狗仔队，径直走进自己的豪华SUV。

Despite her history of bold ensembles, this latest look could have serious legal implications.

尽管她有过大胆的着装风格，但这次最新的装扮可能会带来严重的法律后果。

Under California Penal Code Section 314(1), intentionally exposing one's genitals or naked body in public is considered indecent exposure, a crime that can result in a misdemeanor for a first-time offense.

根据加利福尼亚刑法第314(1)条，在公共场合故意暴露生殖器或裸体被视为“不雅暴露”，初犯可能被判轻罪。

If found guilty, Censori could face up to six months in county jail, a fine of up to $1,000, and mandatory registration as a sex offender for at least ten years.

如果罪名成立，森索里可能面临长达6个月的县监狱监禁、最高1000美元的罚款，以及至少10年的强制性性犯罪者登记。

LA restaurants want to ban Kanye West & Bianca Censori

洛杉矶餐厅欲禁止坎耶·韦斯特和比安卡·森索里用餐

The controversy doesn't end with legal repercussions.

这场争议并不止于法律后果。

Restaurateurs in Los Angeles have vowed to ban both Censori and West from their establishments after another revealing outfit she wore during a dinner outing on Saturday.

上周六，外出用餐时穿的另一套暴露装扮引发了争议，洛杉矶的餐厅老板们表示希望禁止比安卡和韦斯特在他们的餐厅用餐。

Bianca's appearance in a tiny silver bikini top at a local barbecue restaurant left little to the imagination, prompting outrage among restaurant owners who expressed concern for their customers and children.

比安卡身穿银色比基尼上衣出现在当地一家烧烤餐厅，几乎毫无遮掩，这引起了餐厅老板们的愤怒，他们表达了对顾客和孩子的担忧。

Public sentiment against the couple has been growing, with some arguing that their behavior sets a poor example for young people.

公众对两人的反感情绪日益高涨，一些人认为他们的行为给年轻人树立了不好的榜样。

The incident is reminiscent of a previous uproar in Italy, where Censori and West were criticized for their risqué displays during a holiday.

这起事件让人联想到此前在意大利的风波，当时森索里和韦斯特因在假期期间的暴露行为而受到批评。

Bianca's sheer outfits and an amorous moment on a boat in Venice, where West exposed his bare buttocks, sparked calls for their arrest for public indecency.

比安卡的透明装扮以及和裸露臀部的韦斯特在威尼斯游船上的亲热行为，引发了公众要求以公然猥亵罪逮捕他们的呼声。

As the debate over public decency and personal freedom continues, Bianca Censori's latest outing has certainly captured the attention of both the media and the public.

关于公共道德和个人自由的争论仍在继续，比安卡·森索里最近的外出活动无疑吸引了媒体和公众的注意力。

Whether she will face legal consequences or further social backlash remains to be seen.

她是否会面临法律后果或进一步的社会抵制，我们拭目以待。

20240718巴黎市长终于跳入塞纳河游泳

Paris mayor swims in Seine as river is cleaned up just in time for Olympics

From: The Guardian

It has been the dream and promise of Paris mayors for decades and a nightmare for Olympic organisers: could the Seine be cleaned up enough to swim in and hold triathlon and other events?

几十年来，这一直是巴黎市长们的梦想和承诺，也是奥运会组织者的噩梦：塞纳（Seine）河是否能彻底清理干净，以便在其中游泳和举办铁人三项等比赛？

For the last 100 years and up until a few days ago, the answer seemed to be no.

在过去的100年里，直到几天前，答案似乎还是否定的。

On Wednesday, however, the city's mayor, Anne Hidalgo, kept her promise that it would be and she would be one of the first in. To cheers and applause, she led a group of about 100 officials, athletes and local people by donning a swimsuit and taking a dip in the river after a barrage of tests showed it was finally safe.

然而，周三，巴黎市长安妮·伊达尔戈（Anne Hidalgo）兑现了她的承诺，并成为首批下水的人之一。一系列检测表明河水终于达标后，在欢呼声和掌声中，她带领着约100名官员、运动员和当地民众，穿上泳衣，跳入河中畅游。

“It's a dream day … and the sun is out,” Hidalgo said after performing a respectable crawl 100 metres downstream in water measured at 20C (68F). “It's sweet and wonderful and the result of a lot of work. I remember at the very beginning in 2015 when we began our campaign for the Games, the international triathlon federation said why not a triathlon in the Seine? Will athletes be able to swim in the Seine? Today we can say they can.”

“今天是个梦幻般的日子......太阳出来了，”伊达尔戈在水温20摄氏度（68华氏度）的河中自由泳游了100米后说道。“这是一件美妙的事情，是许多人努力的结果。我记得在2015年我们开始筹办奥运会之初，国际铁人三项联盟就说为什么不在塞纳河举办铁人三项比赛呢？运动员能在塞纳河中游泳吗？今天我们可以给出肯定的答案了。”

Tony Estanguet, the president of the Paris 2024 organising committee, congratulated city hall and the French authorities for making the river safe for swimming. “Today we have confirmation that the Seine is swimmable and that the triathlon and marathon swimming competitions can take place in it,” he said.

2024年巴黎奥运会组委会主席托尼·埃斯坦盖（Tony Estanguet）向巴黎市政府和法国当局表示祝贺，祝贺其让塞纳河成为适宜游泳之地。他说：“今天我们确认，塞纳河可以游泳，铁人三项和马拉松游泳比赛可以在其中进行。”

“As organisers we're very happy to be able to offer athletes the best conditions … but over and above that what is at play is using the Games to speed up the transformation of the city and make it possible to swim in the Seine.”

“作为主办方，我们非常高兴能够为运动员提供最好的条件......但更重要的是利用奥运会加快城市改造，让在塞纳河中游泳成为可能。”

He added that in the case of heavy rain, which could risk a spike in water pollution, contingency plans had been drawn up to postpone races for “a few days”.

他补充说，如果出现大雨，可能会导致水污染加剧，因此已经制定了应急计划，将比赛推迟“几天”。

Swimming in the Seine, which bisects Paris, has been banned since 1923 owing to health risks. In 1990, the then mayor of Paris, Jacques Chirac, promised to make it clean enough to swim in, but failed.

塞纳河将巴黎一分为二，由于存在健康风险，自1923年起就禁止在塞纳河中游泳。1990年，时任巴黎市长的雅克·希拉克（Jacques Chirac）曾承诺让塞纳河变得干净到可以游泳，但未能如愿。

Hidalgo's historic swim, which was postponed twice because of fluctuating pollution levels, came just 10 days before the opening of the Games on 26 July and after fears a large cleanup operation had failed. The work included the construction of a €1.4bn (£1.2bn) holding and treatment tank to contain bacteria-laden stormwater during heavy rains, which came into operation a month ago, and improvements to the city's wastewater network.

伊达尔戈这次历史性的游泳活动此前因污染水平波动而两度推迟，但就在7月26日奥运会开幕前10天，在人们担心大规模清理行动失败之后，终于如愿。清理行动包括建造一个耗资14亿欧元（12亿英镑）的蓄水和处理池，用于在暴雨期间储存含有细菌的雨水，该设施已于一个月前投入使用，此外还对城市污水管网进行了改进。

Until very recently, the river was still failing water quality tests for E. coli bacteria– an indicator of faecal matter – and showing levels above the upper limits imposed by sports federations.

直到不久前，塞纳河仍未通过大肠杆菌水质检测（粪便污染指标），其含量超过了体育联合会规定的上限。

Triathlon events will be held on 30, 31 July and 5 August, and a swimming marathon on 8 and 9 August. The paratriathlon will take place on 1 and 2 September.

铁人三项比赛将于7月30日、31日和8月5日举行，游泳马拉松将于8月8日和9日举行。残疾人铁人三项比赛将于9月1日和2日举行。

The water will be tested regularly at several points before each event and authorities are certain it will be clean with 75% of identified bacterial pollution eliminated.

在每场比赛前，水质将定期在多个点进行检测，法国当局确信可以消除75%的已查明细菌污染，使水质达标。

Paris Olympic organisers have said that if heavy rain during the Games affects pollution levels in the river, the triathlon would no longer feature the swimming portion – and the marathon swimming competition would be relocated.

巴黎奥运会组织者表示，如果奥运会期间的大雨导致河水污染水平上升，铁人三项比赛将不再包含游泳部分，马拉松游泳比赛将转移到其他地方。

As another sign of hope, French experts have identified more than 30 species of fish in the Seine in Paris, compared with three in 1970.

另一个令人欣慰的迹象是，法国专家在巴黎塞纳河中发现了30多种鱼类，而1970年只有3种。

After her swim, Hidalgo said making the Seine swimmable would also help the city adapt to the climate crisis and mitigate the pollution of the ocean into which the river flows.

伊达尔戈在游完泳后说，让塞纳河可以游泳也将有助于这座城市适应气候危机，减少塞纳河流入海洋的污染。

20240719郑佩佩去世

Cheng Pei-pei, 'Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon' and 'Come Drink With Me' Star, Dies at 78

From: VARIETY

Cheng Pei-pei, the Chinese-born action film icon who starred in Ang Lee's Oscar-nominated “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon” and King Hu's seminal wuxia feature “Come Drink With Me,” has died. She was 78.

曾主演李安导演的奥斯卡提名影片《卧虎藏龙》（Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon）和胡金铨执导的经典武侠片《大醉侠》（Come Drink With Me）的中国知名动作电影演员郑佩佩（Cheng Pei-pei）去世，享年78岁。

Cheng, considered a pioneer of martial arts roles for female actors, died in the San Francisco Bay Area on Thursday. She had long suffered from a degenerative brain disease and has donated her brain to medical research.

作为女性武侠角色的先驱，郑佩佩于周四在旧金山湾区去世。她长期患有退行性脑疾病，并已将大脑捐献给医学研究。

Born in Shanghai on Jan. 6, 1946, Cheng moved to Hong Kong in 1962. With her ballet and dance training, she was soon working with the iconic Shaw Brothers studio. While her feature debut was drama film “Lovers' Rock,” she became a major star in martial arts, action and swordplay movies following her breakout role in 1966's “Come Drink With Me,” directed by King Hu. The film set the tone for a sequel (“Golden Swallow” in 1968), an unrealized remake by Quentin Tarantino and a host of other female-driven action movies from East Asia. At the time, it was named as Hong Kong's submission for the international feature Oscar, but was not nominated.

1946年1月6日，郑佩佩出生于上海，1962年移居香港。凭借芭蕾舞及舞蹈训练，她很快就与知名的邵氏兄弟电影公司达成合作。她的首部电影作品是剧情片《情人石》。1966年，她在胡金铨执导的《大醉侠》中一举成名，成为武打、动作和剑术电影的大明星。该片为1968年的续集《金燕子》、昆汀·塔伦蒂诺（Quentin Tarantino）尚未实现的翻拍以及东亚其他一系列以女性为主导的动作片奠定了基调。当时，该片代表中国香港参选奥斯卡国际长片奖，但未获提名。

Cheng then relocated again: to California in the 1970s where she raised four children and attended business school at the University of California, Irvine. All four of her children have had roles in entertainment. Harry Yuan has been a host on National Geographic. Eugenia Yuan was a U.S. Olympic gymnast and has acted in Hong Kong films “3 Extremes II” and “The Eye 2,” Australian TV series “Secret City,” and U.S. productions “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: Sword of Destiny” and the TV series “Hawaii Five-O”.

20世纪70年代，郑佩佩移居加利福尼亚，在那里她抚养了四个孩子，并在加利福尼亚大学欧文分校（University of California, Irvine）攻读商科。她的四个孩子都曾涉足娱乐圈。儿子原和玉（Harry Yuan）曾在美国国家地理（National Geographic）频道担任主持人。女儿原丽淇（Eugenia Yuan）曾是美国奥林匹克体操运动员，并在中国香港电影《三更之回家》和《见鬼2》、澳大利亚电视剧《秘密之城》以及美国制作的《卧虎藏龙：青冥宝剑》和《天堂执法者》中出演。

Cheng's career enjoyed a significant revival after her co-starring role as the poisonous Jade Fox in “Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon” in 2000. The film won four Oscars and with $128 million earned at the North American box office, became the first foreign-language film to gross more than $100 million in the market.

2000年，郑佩佩在《卧虎藏龙》中饰演毒辣角色碧眼狐狸后，其演艺事业重新获得了关注。该片赢得了四项奥斯卡奖，并在北美票房收入1.28亿美元，成为首部在北美票房过亿的外语片。

Her subsequent career then spanned both sides of the Pacific Ocean, with titles including Hong Kong actioner “Naked Weapon” (alongside a young Maggie Q) and Hyde Park Entertainment's Capcom game adaptation “Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun Li.” More recent performances included the starring role in 2014's “Lilting” and The Matchmaker in Disney's 2020 live-action remake of “Mulan.”

此后，她的演艺事业横跨太平洋两岸，包括中国香港动作片《赤裸特工》（与年轻的李美琪（Maggie Q）共同出演）和海德公园娱乐公司（Hyde Park Entertainment）的《街头霸王: 春丽传奇》（Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun Li）。最近的演出包括2014年的《轻轻摇晃》（Lilting）中的主演以及迪士尼2020年真人版电影《花木兰》中的媒婆角色。

“To all her friends, colleagues, and fans, thank you for all the support you showed her over the years. Our mom Cheng Pei Pei wanted to be remembered for who she was: the legendary Queen of Martial Arts best known for her roles such as Golden Swallow ('Come Drink With Me'), Madam Wah ('The Flirting Scholar'), and Jade Fox ('Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon'). She was a versatile, award-winning actress whose film and television career spanned six decades, not only in Asia but internationally as well in roles such as “Junn” ('Lilting'), “Maria Wang” ('Meditation Park'), and “The Matchmaker” ('Mulan'),” said a statement from her family.

“感谢所有朋友、同事和粉丝，感谢你们多年来对她的支持。我们的母亲郑佩佩希望人们记住她的角色：她是一代武打女星，因出演金燕子（《大醉侠》）、华夫人（《唐伯虎点秋香》）和碧眼狐狸（《卧虎藏龙》）等角色而闻名于世。她多才多艺、屡获殊荣，她的影视生涯跨越了六十年，不仅在亚洲，也在国际上也出演了许多角色，如珍（《轻轻摇晃》）、玛莉亚（《Meditation Park》）和媒婆（《花木兰》），”她的家人在一份声明中说道。

“She loved being an actress and knew, even with her hard work, how fortunate she was to have the career she had. Our mom remained humble and approachable, patient and kind, and always generous with her time, eager to help others whenever she could. She will be dearly missed.”

“她热爱演员这个职业，即使工作再辛苦，她也知道自己能拥有这份职业是多么幸运。我们的母亲始终保持着谦逊、平易近人、耐心和善良，并总是慷慨解囊，热心帮助他人。我们将深切怀念她。”

In 2019, Cheng was diagnosed with a neurodegenerative, atypical parkinsonism syndrome – unofficially, Corticobasal degeneration (CBD). It is a rare disease with symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease, however, current treatments could not slow the progression. She chose not to make this diagnosis public, dealing with her condition in private and spending her remaining time with her four children (Eugenia, Jennifer, Harry and Marsha) and her grandchildren, the family explained. In lieu of flowers, Cheng requested that donations be made to the Brain Support Network (BSN) where her brain was donated.

2019年，郑佩佩被诊断出患有神经退行性非典型帕金森综合征——非官方名称为皮质基底节变性（CBD）。这是一种罕见的疾病，症状与帕金森病相似，但目前的治疗方法无法延缓病情发展。家人解释说，她选择不公开病情，独自应对病魔，并将剩余的时间用来陪伴她的四个孩子和孙辈们。她希望人们在她去世后不要送花，而是向她捐献大脑所在的脑部支持网络（Brain Support Network，BSN）捐款。

20240720全球多地遭遇微软蓝屏

Mass IT outage affects airlines, hospitals, media and banks

From: BBC

Earlier in the day, an official Microsoft 365 service update posted to X said "we're investigating an issue impacting users ability to access various Microsoft 365 apps and services".

当天早些时候，微软官方在X平台上发布旗下Microsoft 365服务更新称，“我们正在调查影响用户访问各种Microsoft 365应用程序和服务的问题”。

A Microsoft spokesperson told the BBC on Friday that "the majority of services were recovered" hours earlier.

周五，微软发言人告诉英国广播公司（BBC），“大部分服务已在数小时前恢复”。

Meanwhile, companies are scrambling trying to resolve issues with the IT outages.

与此同时，各公司正加紧解决IT故障问题。

Many broadcast networks in Australia were scrambling on air as systems failed, while Sky News UK went completely off air as a result of the issues. It is now back on air.

由于系统故障，澳大利亚许多广播网络在播出时乱成一团，而英国天空新闻频道则因系统故障完全停播。目前已恢复播出。

Several supermarkets were also crippled, with payment systems down. Pictures from Australia show Coles supermarket's self-checkout tills closed.

几家超市也因支付系统瘫痪而受到严重影响。来自澳大利亚的图片显示，客澳市的自助收银机关闭了。

Hospitals in Germany and Israel have reported disruptions, as well as GP services in the UK.

德国和以色列的医院以及英国的全科医生服务也出现中断。

Travel plans across the globe have also been thrown into disarray, with flight, taxis and rail affected.

全球各地的旅行计划也陷入混乱，航班、出租车和铁路均受到影响。

Airports across Europe, the US and the global south-east have reported system failures, with many passengers having to "manually" do processes typically done by machine.

欧洲、美国和全球东南部的机场都出现了系统故障，许多乘客不得不“手动”完成通常由机器完成的乘机手续。

Samira Hussain, the BBC's South Asia correspondent, was at Indira Gandhi International Airport in Delhi, India, for a flight to Kolkata.

英国广播公司南亚记者萨米拉·侯赛因（Samira Hussain）在印度德里英迪拉·甘地国际机场（Indira Gandhi International Airport）搭乘航班前往加尔各答（Kolkata）。

"I just manually made my boarding passes and the stickers for our check-in bags were also done by hand," she said, adding it is "absolute chaos" at the airport.

她说：“我刚刚手动办理了登机牌，我们托运行李的标签也是手工完成的，”并补充称，机场“一片混乱”。

Across the US, airlines United, Delta and American Airlines have issued a "global ground stop" on all of their flights, while Australian carriers Virgin and Jetstar have delayed or cancelled flights.

在美国各地，美国联合航空、达美航空和美国航空对其所有航班发布了“全球停飞”通知，澳大利亚维珍航空和捷星航空也推迟或取消了航班。

According to aviation analytics firm Cirium, more than 1,000 flights have been cancelled around the world following the outages.

根据航空分析公司Cirium的数据，全球已有超过1000个航班因此次故障而被取消。

Airports in Tokyo, Berlin and Prague have also been reportedly affected. Switzerland's largest airport in Zurich has said planes are currently not allowed to land.

据报道，东京、柏林和布拉格的机场也受到了影响。瑞士最大的苏黎世机场表示，飞机目前不允许着陆。

A spokesperson for the home affairs ministry in Australia - which has been particularly hard hit - said the outage appeared to be related to an issue at a cyber-security firm, while the country's cybersecurity watchdog said there was no information to suggest a malicious attack.

澳大利亚受影响尤为严重，其内政部发言人表示，此次故障似乎与一家网络安全公司的问题有关，而该国的网络安全监管机构表示，没有证据表明发生了恶意攻击。

“Our current information is this outage relates to a technical issue with a third-party software platform employed by affected companies," they said in a statement.

他们在声明中表示：“我们目前掌握的信息是，此次故障与受影响公司使用的第三方软件平台的技术问题有关。”

Alaskan officials said many 911 and non-emergency call centres were not working properly, but Australian authorities say triple-0 call centres - the main emergency contact in the country - are not affected.

阿拉斯加官员表示，许多911和非紧急呼叫中心无法正常工作，但澳大利亚有关部门称，澳大利亚紧急联络000呼叫中心没有受到影响。

20240721《种地吧》你觉得怎么样？

A Chinese reality-TV show about farming

From: The Economist, Jun 29^th 2023

A young man drives a harvester through a rice field. Slow down, a farmer chides him. But he zooms on—then gets stuck in the mud. Welcome to “Become a Farmer”, the hit reality-tv programme on iqiyi, a Netflix-like Chinese service. The show transplants ten preppy actors and musicians from the city to the countryside in Zhejiang province, where they must live together and try their luck at farming.

一个年轻人驾驶着收割机在稻田里穿梭。一个农民提醒他开慢点，但他却继续加速前进，结果陷入泥潭中。这是爱奇艺（类似中国版Netflix）上一档热播的真人秀节目《种地吧》（Become a Farmer）。这档节目将十名来自城市的年轻演员和音乐人带到浙江省的乡村，他们必须在那里共同生活，并尝试种地。

The 20-something men arrive wheeling giant suitcases, only to find what one calls “inhuman” living conditions, an outdoor toilet and endless mud. Audiences are entertained as they work things out and embrace the task at hand. (The group has six months to turn a profit from about ten hectares of farmland.)

这些20多岁的年轻人拖着巨大的行李箱来到这里，却发现生活条件非常艰苦“不人道”，比如户外厕所和无尽的泥泞。观众们被他们的努力和对手头任务的热情所感染。（他们有六个月的时间从约十公顷的农田中获利。）

Today young Chinese are exhorted to show “responsibility and grit” and to focus on collective goals. “Become a Farmer” embraces these messages. “When you see me again, I'll be a real tough man,” says a star in the show's trailer. Indeed, he is soon seen mucking in with his teammates, who support each other. “It's always right to rely on the crowd,” says one.

当今，中国年轻人被鼓励展现“责任感和毅力”，并专注于集体目标。《种地吧》正是体现了这些理念。“当你再次看到我时，我会成为一个真正的硬汉，”节目预告片中一位明星说。很快，他就和队友们一起努力，互相支持。“依靠集体总是对的，”其中一人说。

Other priorities, such as food security, are reflected in the show, too. Episodes remind viewers that China depends on imports. “Every piece of grain, every grain of rice, is hard to come by,” says the narrator in the premiere.

其他诸如粮食安全等重要命题也在节目中得到体现。节目提醒观众中国依赖粮食进口。“每一粒米、每一颗粮都来之不易，”先导片中旁白说道。

In recent years, millions of Chinese have joined the “new farmer” movement. Many are young graduates who grew tired of the rat race or couldn't find jobs. The state, which supports the newbies, hopes their skills will lead to increased production. On the show, stars gush over cool machines and high-tech methods. “I think the farmers are great,” says one.

近年来，数百万中国人成为“新农人”。其中许多是年轻毕业生，他们厌倦了激烈的竞争，或者找不到工作。国家支持这些新人，希望他们的技能能提高粮食产量。在节目中，明星们对炫酷的机器和高科技方法感到惊叹。“我觉得农民们非常了不起，”其中一人说。

The series aims to revive audiences' love for the soil and nature, said a producer earlier this year. However, the messages of “Become a Farmer” are as obvious as its product placement. For example, the men engage in manual labour all day but drink only a zero-calorie beverage. The show emphasizes that young people need to “abandon arrogance and pampering.”

该节目的制片人今年早些时候说，节目旨在唤起观众对土地和大自然的热爱。然而，《种地吧》所传达的信息与其广告植入一样明显。例如，这些人整天从事体力劳动，却只喝零卡路里的饮料。节目强调，年轻人需要“摒弃骄娇二气”。

20240722拜登宣布退选

Biden's decision upends the race less than four months before Election Day.

From: The New York Times

President Biden, 81, abandoned his bid for re-election on Sunday as he caved to relentless pressure from his closest allies to drop out of the race amid deep concerns that he was too old and frail to defeat former President Donald J. Trump. Vice President Kamala Harris said she would seek the nomination in his place, and many Democrats quickly lined up behind her after Mr. Biden gave her his endorsement.

周日，81岁的拜登总统放弃竞选连任，屈服于最亲密盟友要求其退选的无情压力，因为人们深感他太老太弱，无法击败前总统特朗普。副总统卡玛拉·哈里斯表示，她将代替拜登寻求提名，在拜登为她背书后，许多民主党人迅速表达了对她的支持。

“While it has been my intention to seek re-election, I believe it is in the best interest of my party and the country for me to stand down and focus entirely on fulfilling my duties as president for the remainder of my term,” Mr. Biden said in a statement. He called it “the greatest honor of my life to serve as your president.”

拜登在声明中说，“虽然我一直打算寻求连任，但我认为，为了我的政党和国家的最大利益，我应该退选，在剩余的任期内完全专注于履行我作为总统的职责。”他称，“担任你们的总统是我一生中最大的荣幸。”

· Biden backs Harris: Mr. Biden gave Ms. Harris his “full support and endorsement” in a social media post. “Democrats — it's time to come together and beat Trump,” he added. “Let's do this.” Ms. Harris said she was “honored” by Mr. Biden's endorsement and that her intention was to “earn and win” the party's nomination. “Together, we will fight, she said in a statement. “And together, we will win.” After getting off to a rocky start as vice president, Ms. Harris now stands at the brink of leading her party's ticket.

· 拜登支持哈里斯：拜登在社交媒体发帖，表示“全力支持和认可”哈里斯。“民主党人，是时候团结起来打败特朗普了，”他说，“让我们开始吧。”哈里斯表示，她对拜登的支持感到“荣幸”，希望“争取并赢得”民主党的提名。“我们团结一致，共同奋斗，”她在声明中表示。“我们团结一致，走向胜利。”哈里斯刚开始担任副总统的时候并不顺利，如今却有望成为党内领先的候选人。

· A sudden withdrawal: Mr. Biden's decision ends a political crisis that began when the president delivered a calamitous debate performance against Mr. Trump on June 27. For weeks, the president insisted that he would remain in the race, but a senior administration official familiar with Mr. Biden's thinking said he changed his mind in part because he had tried for weeks to flip the attention back to Mr. Trump.

· 突然退出：拜登的决定结束了一场政治危机，这场危机始于6月27日拜登在与特朗普的辩论中糟糕的表现。几周以来，总统一直坚称他会继续参选，但一名熟悉拜登想法的政府高级官员表示，他改变了主意，部分原因是这几周来，他一直努力把注意力转回到特朗普身上。

· Uncertainty looms: No sitting American president has dropped out of a race so late in the election cycle. The Democratic National Convention, where Mr. Biden was to have been formally nominated by 3,939 delegates, is scheduled to begin Aug. 19 in Chicago, and Democrats are gaming out the scenarios for a new nominee, even if Ms. Harris has certain built-in advantages — including with the “Biden for President” campaign committee officially filing paperwork to rename itself “Harris for President.” One crucial question: What happens to the $96 million already in the Biden campaign's coffers? It seems likely that Ms. Harris can inherit it.

· 迫在眉睫的不确定性：没有哪位在任总统在选举周期如此晚的阶段退出竞选。民主党全国代表大会定于8月19日在芝加哥召开，届时拜登本应获得3939名代表的正式提名，民主党目前正在探讨新的提名方案，尽管哈里斯已经获得了一定优势——包括“拜登竞选总统”竞选委员会已正式提交文件，将自己更名为“哈里斯竞选总统”。一个关键的问题是：拜登竞选团队金库中的9600万美元将如何处理？哈里斯似乎很有可能继承这笔资金。

· Important Democrats mum on Harris: Four of the party's most influential figures issued statements praising Mr. Biden, but stayed silent on Ms. Harris, including former President Barack Obama, who was said to be maintaining the neutral stance he took during the 2020 primaries. While many Democrats on Capitol Hill rallied around Ms. Harris, Senator Chuck Schumer and Representative Hakeem Jeffries, the New York Democrats who lead the party in Congress; and Representative Nancy Pelosi of California, the former House speaker, stayed silent.

· 重要民主党人对哈里斯保持沉默：民主党最有影响力的四位人物发表了赞扬拜登的声明，但对哈里斯未表态支持，其中包括前总统贝拉克·奥巴马，据说他将保持中立立场，就像在2020年初选时一样。虽然国会山的许多民主党人都支持哈里斯，但在国会领导民主党的纽约州民主党参议员查克·舒默和众议员哈基姆·杰弗里斯；加州众议员、前众议院议长南希·佩洛西仍未表态支持。

· Donors and voters react: Billionaires and major donors quickly flocked to Ms. Harris, while Democratic voters responded to Mr. Biden's exit with a mix of relief and optimism.

· 捐赠者和选民的反应：亿万富翁和主要捐赠者迅速对哈里斯表示支持，民主党选民对拜登退出的反应交织着欣慰和乐观之情。

· Praise for Biden: After weeks of deep concerns about his age and ability to win again roiled the party, Democrats hailed Mr. Biden's accomplishments as president. Ms. Harris praised his “big heart,” while four governors who have been mentioned as possible nominees applauded his legacy. Mr. Biden's son Hunter said that “unconditional love” had been his father's “North Star.” Jill Biden, the first lady, responded to her husband's statement with only a heart emoji.

· 对拜登的赞扬：对他的年龄和再次获胜能力深表担忧数周后，民主党人对拜登作为总统的成就表示了赞扬。哈里斯称赞他“心胸宽广”，而四名被提出可能成为候选人的州长则称赞他留下的成就。拜登的儿子亨特说，“无条件的爱”一直是他父亲的“北极星”。第一夫人吉尔·拜登只用一个爱心表情符号回应了丈夫的声明。

· Trump reacts: Mr. Trump seized on the moment to criticize Mr. Biden, saying he was never fit to be president, and denounced the Washington political establishment and the news media, saying they “did everything they could to protect” him.

· 特朗普的反应：特朗普借机批评拜登，说他本来就不适合当总统，并谴责华盛顿的政治建制派和新闻媒体，称他们“竭尽所能保护”拜登。

20240722刚刚，人大通报王某某性骚扰

A PhD student at a top Chinese university publicly accuses her supervisor of sexual harassment

From: AP NEWS

A female PhD student at one of China's top universities took social media by storm after accusing her academic supervisor of sexual harassment and said he threatened to stop her from attaining her doctorate for refusing his advances. Her school said Monday it launched an investigation.

中国一所顶尖大学的一名女博士生在社交媒体上引发轰动，她指控导师对其进行性骚扰，并称因拒绝导师要求，导师威胁不让她获得博士学位。该校周一表示已展开调查。

The woman, who identified herself as Wang Di and said she studied at Renmin University of China's School of Liberal Arts, posted Sunday a 59-minute video, in which she briefly held up an identification card on the Chinese social media platform Weibo and talked about how she was abused.

该学生名叫王迪，就读于中国人民大学文学院。周日，她在中国社交媒体平台微博上发布了一段长达59分钟的视频，视频中她短暂地举起身份证，讲述了自己受到性骚扰的经历。

Wearing a mask, she claimed the professor, an ex-vice dean and a former party representative at the school, physically and verbally abused her. She also said for more than two years, he assigned her many unpaid tasks, scolded her, and threatened that she would not graduate after she rejected him.

她戴着口罩，称该教授（原党委书记兼副院长）对她进行了身体和语言上的性骚扰。她还说，在两年多的时间里，他给她分配了许多没有报酬的任务，责骂她，并威胁她说，如果拒绝他，她就毕不了业。

Wang Di shared a screenshot showing messages between her and the said professor in which he asked they meet at his office for a discussion on May 21, 2022. She also uploaded some audio clips which she said were evidence of the harassment. In one, a man could be heard trying to kiss a woman who kept saying: “No, no, teacher.”

王迪分享了一张她与该教授之间的对话截图，截图中显示教授要求她在2022年5月21日到他的办公室讨论。她还上传了一些录音片段，称这些是性骚扰的证据。在其中一段录音中，可以听到一名男子试图亲吻一名不断说“不要，不要，老师”的女子。

“At this moment, I can no longer endure it and have nowhere to retreat, so I am speaking out,” she wrote. Her post drew 1.73 million likes as of Monday early afternoon, with many users leaving comments in support of the student who demanded the professor be legally punished and a new supervisor be appointed for her. She also said she was willing to be held legally responsible for her accusations against the professor.

“此刻，我忍无可忍，退无可退，因此发声，”她写道，并要求依法依规惩治该教授，为其更换导师。截至周一下午早些时候，她的帖子已获得173万次点赞，许多用户留言支持她。她还表示愿意为自己的举报承担相应法律责任。

The Associated Press could not independently verify the recordings and Wang's claim.

美联社无法独立核实这些录音和王迪的说法。

Renmin University said Monday it took the online complaint seriously and had set up a task force to investigate the allegations, adding it has zero tolerance toward any teacher's ethical misconduct and pledging to announce the probe results in days.

中国人民大学在周一表示，学校对此举报高度重视，已成立工作组进行调查，并承诺将于近日公布调查结果，表示对师德失范行为“零容忍”。

The professor has not immediately responded to the AP's request for comment.

该教授没有立即回应美联社的置评请求。

20240723怎样确定自己该何时退休？

How to Know When It's Time to Retire

From: The Wall Street Journal

At 67, Kathie Davis liked her financial-services job. But the demands were getting heavier, and life outside work was moving on.

67岁的凯西·戴维斯（Kathie Davis）喜欢她的金融服务工作。但是，工作要求越来越让她不堪重负，而且工作以外的生活也有了变化。

“When do you call it a career?” she wondered.

她想知道的是：“职业生涯到什么时候宣告结束？”

Her finances were in order, and with friends passing away—including one just into retirement—she decided it was time. Still, when her last Friday arrived in June, she sat in front of her computer well into the evening, trying to convince herself to log off.

她财务状况良好，随着一些朋友的去世（其中一位刚刚退休），她确定是时候退休了。去年6月的一个周五是她最后一个工作日，她在电脑前一直坐到很晚，试图说服自己彻底放下工作。

“It just felt like a part of my life was being cut,” she said.

她说：“这种感觉就像是我生命的一部分被抽走了。”

Americans are working later than ever. The average retirement age was 62 in 2023, up from 57 in 1991, according to a Gallup poll. Many people simply don't have the luxury of stopping, financially unable to go without a paycheck well after 65. Even when your retirement account hits its mark, deciding to close the book on your career can prompt existential questioning.

眼下美国人的退休年龄比以往任何时候都要晚。盖洛普民意调查显示，2023年的平均退休年龄为62岁，高于1991年的57岁。很多人根本就不能奢望退休，因为在65岁以后的很长一段时间里，没有薪水根本活不下去。即使在你的退休账户余额达到目标后，终止职业生涯的决定也可能引发对生存意义的怀疑。

Wait too long, and you might regret the extra years you gave to work. Leave too early, and you could feel lost in your new life.

等待太久，你可能会对额外耗费在工作上的岁月感到后悔。离开太早，你可能会在新生活中感到迷惘。

“Work in this society defines who you are,” says Louis H. Primavera, a psychology professor at Touro University who studies retirement. “When you're retired, you're a 'was.' ”

“在社会上工作决定了你是谁，”图罗大学（Touro University）研究退休问题的心理学教授路易斯·H·普里马维拉（Louis H. Primavera）说。“退休后，你的身份就成了‘过去式’”。

Maybe it's because on the job, we convince ourselves we're impervious to the passing of time. Work forms the scaffolding of our lives, and the end of work reminds us that the end of everything is coming, too.

也许这是因为，在工作的时候，我们会让自己相信我们不受时间流逝的影响。工作构成了我们生活的脚手架，职业的终结会提醒我们其他的一切也会终结。

Our longer lifespans have also changed the calculus. Retirement was once meant to be a brief respite between physically taxing work and death. Now it can span three or more decades. That alters what we can afford to do, financially and psychologically, say those who study longevity.

人们寿命的延长也改变了计算退休时间的方式。退休曾经意味着在繁重的体力工作和死亡之间获得短暂休息。如今，这段时间可以持续三十年甚至更久。研究长寿的人士表示，这从财务上和心理上改变了“我们能在这段时间里做些什么”这件事。

Clinging to your job forever isn't the answer. Instead, experiment and adjust to find the moment that promises freedom and rest, not an identity crisis.

这个问题的答案并不是要你一直工作下去。相反，你要进行尝试和调整，最终明确在哪个时刻退休，既能给你带来自由和休息，也不会造成身份危机。

Try new activities—pickleball, Bible study, volunteer work—before you make the jump, to see what gives you a sense of purpose, Primavera says. Research shows too many empty hours can leave us miserable.

普里马维拉说，在你辞掉工作之前，尝试新的活动——比如匹克球、《圣经》研习和志愿者工作——看看哪些活动能带给你使命感。研究显示，空闲时间太多会让我们感到痛苦。

Consider ramping down slowly with a new role or creative pursuit. And talk to your family. Retiring at the same time as your partner, Primavera says, lets you formulate a shared vision for travel or caring for grandkids.

考虑通过扮演新角色或从事有创意的活动而慢慢退下来。还要和你的家人谈谈。普里马维拉说，和你的伴侣同时退休可以让你们在旅行和照顾孙辈方面制定共同的愿景。

Do the work, and you'll be ready to start your next chapter.

做好这些工作，你就准备好开启人生的新篇章了。

Create your own next chapter 创造你自己的下一个篇章

You don't have to make a binary choice. You could taper or rethink your work.

你不一定要做出非此即彼的选择。你可以逐渐减少或重新考虑你的工作。

“We've been trying to swim upstream, people at this stage of life, trying to pretend we have this boundless, youthful vigor,” says Marc Freedman, the 65-year-old founder of a San Francisco-based nonprofit. Recently, he realized he was exhausted from years of putting in seven-day workweeks, administering hundreds of performance reviews and prepping for countless board meetings.

“对于处在这个人生阶段的人来说，我们以前一直在努力逆流而上，假装自己拥有无限的青春活力，”旧金山一家非营利组织创始人、65岁的马克·弗里德曼(Marc Freedman)说。最近，他意识到，多年来坚持每周工作七天、负责数百次业绩评估以及为无数次董事会议做准备已经让自己疲惫不堪。

Still he didn't feel done with the work. He split his job, sharing the chief executive role with a younger colleague. The move eased some of the pressure and freed him to focus on big-picture work.

然而，他感觉自己还没有干够这份工作。他把工作分担出去，和一位比自己年轻的同事共同担任首席执行官。此举减轻了部分压力，让他能够专注于大局。

“For a lot of people, they're actually at a point where they're about to do their best work, but society's telling them that they're done,” Freedman says of his fellow 60-somethings.

“对许多人来说，他们实际上正处于即将在工作中大放异彩的时刻，但这个社会告诉他们，可以功成身退了。”弗里德曼在谈到60多岁的同龄人时这样说道。

More than 40% of older adults work or plan to work in retirement, a recent AARP survey found.

美国退休人员协会（AARP）最近的一项调查发现，超过40%的年长者退休后仍在工作或者打算退休后继续工作。

20240724巴黎奥运审美吐槽不了一点

PARIS 2024 OLYMPICS OPENING CEREMONY: ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW

From: Olympics.com

Ambitious, historic, spectacular – these are some of the words used to describe the Paris 2024 Opening Ceremony since the first plans were unveiled three years ago.

雄心勃勃、史无前例、美轮美奂——自三年前首次公布开幕式构想以来，这些词汇就一直被人们用来形容2024年巴黎奥运会开幕式。

Set to be the first Olympic Games Opening Ceremony held outside a stadium, the 26 July celebration will transform the French capital into a stadium and theatre as the traditional parade of athletes takes place in boats along the Seine, passing the most iconic Parisian landmarks.

即将于7月26日举行的开幕式，是奥运会历史上首次不在体育场内举办的开幕庆典。届时，法国首都巴黎将化身为一个宏大的体育场与剧院，运动员们将乘坐船只，沿着塞纳河游行，沿途经过巴黎最具代表性的地标建筑。

WHEN WILL THE OPENING CEREMONY BE HELD? 开幕式何时举行？

The Opening Ceremony of the Paris 2024 Olympic Games will take place on Friday, 26 July.

2024年巴黎奥运会开幕式将于7月26日星期五举行。

The event will start at 19:30 CEST and is expected to last more than three hours.

开幕式于欧洲中部夏令时19:30（北京时间次日凌晨01:30）开始，总长三个多小时。

WHY IS THIS CEREMONY HISTORIC? 为什么这届开幕式具有历史性意义？

Instead of familiar images of athletes marching out along an athletics track, guests and viewers will be treated to a colourful river parade through the heart of the French capital.

一改传统的沿着田径跑道进行的运动员入场仪式，本次开幕式运动员将沿着贯穿巴黎市中心那条流光溢彩的河流与观众相见。

The Seine, the city's main water artery, will substitute for the traditional track, the quays will become spectator stands, while the setting sun reflecting off famous Parisian landmarks will provide the backdrop for the event.

以巴黎的生命之河塞纳河为舞台，运动员们缓缓巡游，两岸码头为观众席，与古老的城市肌理和地标建筑交相辉映，在夕阳的金色光辉中，共同绘就一幅壮丽的画卷。

This outdoor concept also makes Paris 2024 the largest Opening Ceremony in terms of audience and geographical coverage.

这种户外理念也使2024年巴黎奥运会开幕式成为观众规模和地理覆盖范围最大的一届。

WHAT IS THE ROUTE OF THE PARADE? 游行路线是什么？

The parade route along the Seine is a visual journey through Parisian history and architecture.

沿着塞纳河的巡游路线堪比一场穿越巴黎历史和建筑的视觉盛宴。

The Austerlitz Bridge next to the Jardin des Plantes is the starting point for the flotilla, which will then continue west for 6 kilometres along the Seine, passing under historic bridges and by iconic landmarks, such as the Notre-Dame and the Louvre, as well as some Games venues, including the Esplanade des Invalides and the Grand Palais.

游行队伍将沿着塞纳河由东向西行进6公里，始于巴黎植物园附近的奥斯特里茨桥，途经多个历史悠久的桥梁和标志性建筑，比如巴黎圣母院和卢浮宫，还有散落在城市中心的奥运场馆，包括荣军院和巴黎大皇宫。

Grouped on the boats with their national teams, the athletes will ultimately arrive opposite the Trocadero – the esplanade across from the Eiffel Tower – where the official protocols will be carried out, the Olympic cauldron lit, and the Paris 2024 Games officially declared open.

每个国家或地区代表团将乘坐同一艘船，最终目的特罗卡德罗广场——位于埃菲尔铁塔对面——那里将继续进行官方仪式，然后点燃奥运会主火炬台，并宣布2024年巴黎奥运会正式开幕。

HOW MANY ATHLETES WILL TAKE PART? 有多少运动员参加？

Almost 100 boats carrying an estimated 10,500 athletes will float along the Seine during the parade. The larger of the 206 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) represented in the parade will have boats to themselves, while the smaller ones will share boats.

届时，组委会将动用近100艘船只，载着约10500名运动员沿着塞纳河巡游。对于参加巡游的206个国家和地区奥委会（NOC）来说，规模较大的NOC将拥有自己的船只，而规模较小的NOC将共用船只。

Camera equipment set up on the decks will allow spectators to see the athletes up close and witness their emotions.

甲板上架设的摄像机将捕捉运动员们的一颦一笑，让观众近距离感受他们的喜悦与激动。

WHAT ENTERTAINMENT PERFORMANCES CAN WE EXPECT? 值得期待的娱乐表演？

Thomas Jolly, a French theatre director and actor, is overseeing the Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic ceremonies as artistic director.

法国戏剧导演兼演员托马斯·乔利（Thomas Jolly）将担任2024年巴黎奥运会和残奥会开闭幕式的艺术总监。

While most of the entertainment acts remain under wraps, based on the hints so far, we can expect a show on a grand scale with an eclectic mashup of the old and the new. Speaking to the media in January, Jolly said that he wants to showcase the contrasting cultures of France, be that opera or rap, thus bringing together all the pieces that form the nation's diverse cultural identity.

虽然大多数的表演内容仍处于保密状态，但根据目前的线索，我们可以期待一场规模宏大、融合了古典与现代元素的精彩演出。乔利在一月份的媒体采访中表示，他希望将代表着法国不同文化的所有元素融合在一起，无论是歌剧还是说唱，来展现法国多元的文化。

For his part, ceremonies choreographer Maud Le Pladec promised that every bridge along the parade route will have dancers on it. Le Pladec will lead 400 dancers out of the total 3,000 artists who are set to take part in the Paris 2024 Opening and Closing Ceremonies, all decked out in one-of-a-kind costumes by Daphne Burki.

在开闭幕式编舞莫德·勒普拉德克（Maud Le Pladec）的努力下，巡游路线上的每座桥梁上都会有舞蹈表演。勒普拉德克将带领400名舞者参与演出，而参与2024年巴黎奥运会开闭幕式的演员数将达到3000人，每个人都将身着达芙妮·布尔基（Daphne Burki）设计的独一无二的服装。

The French television presenter serves as the costume director for the show, leading a team of hundreds of dressmakers, hair stylists and makeup artists. Burki's focus on sustainability also means there will be many vintage and upcycled pieces used in the ceremonies, mixed in with newer creations.

法国电视节目主持人达芙妮·布尔基将担任开闭幕式的服装总监，他的团队包括数百人，由裁缝、发型师和化妆师组成。布尔基注重可持续发展理念，因此开闭幕式上既有旧的或改造过的服装，也有新制作的服装。

20240725刚刚，董宇辉离职

An ELT phenomenon – who is Dong Yuhui?

From: The PIE News

This is the story of the ultimate pivot: a former English language teacher who became one of China's biggest celebrities.

这是一个关于“华丽转身”的故事：一位曾经的英语教师成为了中国最知名的名人之一。

Dong Yuhui was an online tutor at Koolearn, a subsidiary of New Oriental, the giant Chinese education company that offers online exam preparation courses and overseas counselling products.

董宇辉是新东方（New Oriental）旗下新东方在线（Koolearn）的一名老师。新东方是一家提供在线备考课程和海外辅导产品的中国教育巨头。

Like many teachers he faced an uncertain future and attempted to reinvent himself by selling products during livestreams on China's version of TikTok, called Douyin.

和许多老师一样，他面临着不确定的未来，于是他尝试通过在中国版TikTok抖音（Douyin）上进行直播带货来转型。

While he wasn't much of a salesman, his eight years of teaching experience shone through. He found himself explaining products to his audience as he might explain English vocabulary to his pupils.

虽然他并不擅长销售，但他八年的教学经验却让他在直播中脱颖而出。他发现自己向观众介绍产品时，就像在给学生讲解英语词汇一样。

One clip of Yuhui introducing steaks in both Chinese and English went viral on social media. While talking about the quality of the steak, Dong also taught the viewers how to order steak in English at a restaurant.

董宇辉用中英文介绍牛排的一段视频在社交媒体上疯传。在介绍牛排品质的同时，董宇辉还教观众如何在餐厅用英语点牛排。

The pent-up demand for online English language tuition was huge and word spread through social media about this new source of information.

人们对于在线英语教学的需求一直很大，而这一新信息来源也通过社交媒体传播开来。

Yuhui's early delivery included taking the time to write the different variations of English words for produce on a whiteboard, or to explain the cultural meaning or uses of Western products, even referencing literary greats like Shakespeare in the process.

董宇辉在早期的直播中，会在白板上写下农产品英语单词的不同变体，或解释西方产品的文化含义或用途，甚至引用莎士比亚等文学巨匠的名言。

His employer New Oriental, was watching intently and seized the opportunity. They launched the livestream channel Dongfang Zhenxuan, or ‘Oriental Select', on Douyin and Yuhui became the star presenter.

他的雇主新东方密切关注这一现象，并迅速抓住机会，在抖音上推出了直播频道“东方甄选（Dongfang Zhenxuan）”，董宇辉成为了明星主播。

The channel was an immediate success. According to the Economic View, Oriental Select's Douyin account gained 1.57 million new followers and sold $2.64 million worth of products in the first three days of operation.

该频道在短时间内迅速取得了成功。据《中新经纬》（Economic View）报道，“东方甄选”的抖音账号在运营的前三天就获得了157万新粉丝，销售额达264万美元。

New Oriental switched the digital assets at Koolearn to create new subsidiary East Buy and stock spiked 25% on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

新东方将新东方在线的数字资产转移到新成立的子公司“东方甄选”，其股价在香港股市上涨25%。

In a further twist to the story, Yuhui was catapulted into mainstream stardom.

故事还有进一步的转折：董宇辉一举成为主流明星。

In December 2023, senior executives at East Buy claimed credit for writing the educational content that had become Oriental Select's signature style of reverse-sales marketing.

2023年12月，东方甄选的高管声称是他们撰写了那些成为东方甄选特色的反向营销风格文案。

Yuhui's legions of fans were infuriated that others were taking credit for his work and internet forums went into meltdown in his defence. CEO Sun Dongxu publicly criticised the culture of fandom around his presenters, resulting in a 13% drop in share value.

董宇辉的众多粉丝对他人抢走其功劳感到愤怒，网络论坛上一片哗然，纷纷为其辩护。首席执行官（CEO）孙东旭公开批评围绕其主播的饭圈文化，导致股价下跌13%。

Again, New Oriental were closely monitoring the situation and saw the opportunity in the adversity. It sacked East Buy's CEO and installed Dong Yuhui in his place.

新东方再次密切关注事态发展，并从逆境中看到了机会。新东方免去了孙东旭的东方甄选CEO职务，并任命董宇辉为董事长文化助理。

The Chinese mainstream media were fascinated as to how an experienced businessman could be replaced by a social media influencer as the leader of a company. TV interviews and long-reads in the newspapers followed and Yuhui's celebrity was complete.

中国主流媒体对一个有经验的企业家被一个社交媒体网红取代公司领导职位感到非常好奇，纷纷报道。电视采访和报纸长篇报道接踵而至，董宇辉的知名度也随之大增。

The PIE's China correspondent Rongrong Walker put it simply, saying “everyone knows him [Dong Yuhui] in China.”

PIE驻华记者荣荣·沃克（Rongrong Walker）简明扼要地说，“在中国，人人认识他（董宇辉）”。

2024 has been marked by the launch of Yuhui's own channel ‘Walking with Hui' with a total of 54.31 million people tuning into the first four hour livestream and taking over 100 million RMB in product sales.

2024年，董宇辉推出了自己的频道“与辉同行”，首次直播的四小时里共有5431万人观看，销售额超过1亿元人民币。

Necessity is the mother of invention – ironic given Yuhui's fans call themselves the ‘mother-in-laws'.

“需求是发明之母”——颇具讽刺意味的是，董宇辉的粉丝称自己为“丈母娘”。

The collapse of the digital English teaching market in China spawned a whole new category of e-commerce with playful English tuition as the hook.

中国在线英语教学市场的崩溃催生了一个以趣味英语教学为卖点的全新电商模式。

20240726澳大利亚奥运选手车队遇盗窃

Thieves steal Australian BMX champion Logan Martin's gear before Olympics

From: The Sydney Morning Herald

Australian Olympic gold medallist Logan Martin had some of his equipment stolen after thieves allegedly ransacked his team's van just two days before the opening ceremony.

就在开幕式前两天，澳大利亚奥运金牌得主洛根·马丁（Logan Martin）遭遇盗窃，其团队的面包车被洗劫一空，部分装备被盗。

A video shared by BMX rider Martin on Instagram on Wednesday morning, Paris time, shows the smashed side window of the van and police officers speaking to a member of the Australian delegation.

巴黎时间周三上午，小轮车（Bicycle Motocross，BMX）骑手马丁在Instagram上发布了一段视频，视频显示面包车的侧窗被砸碎，警察正在与澳大利亚代表团的一名成员交谈。

“Our van got broken into last night – luckily my bikes weren't in there,” Martin can be heard saying in the video. “Although my bike bags were in there with some things in [them]. Crazy start to the trip.”

“我们的面包车昨晚被撬了，幸运的是我的自行车不在里面，”马丁在视频中说道。“不过我的自行车袋在里面，里面还有些东西。这次旅行开局就这么离谱。”

The footage then pans to a bag and two BMX bikes sporting Australia's national colours parked on the footpath, which is covered in shattered glass.

然后镜头转向人行道上的一个背包和两辆印有澳大利亚国旗的自行车，地上满是碎玻璃。

In a second video, Martin can be seen recovering some of the stolen gear, including a massage table and a helmet, after tracking down the bags at the base of a tree using an Airtag placed in the luggage.

在另一段视频中，可以看到马丁利用放置在行李中的Airtag追踪到放在树底的包后，找回了一些被盗的装备，包括按摩桌和头盔。

The video shows the contents of the bag strewn across the grass, including Martin's gloves and chocolate wrappers, amid a sea of rubbish and discarded items.

视频显示，包里的东西散落在草地上，包括马丁的手套和巧克力包装纸，周围有大量垃圾和废弃物品。

“They ate your choccies,” a voice can be heard saying in the background.

“小偷吃了你的巧克力，”视频中可以听到一个声音说道。

While most of Martin's personal belongings were in his room, the thieves made away with his wallet, backpack, boots, and helmet among other items.

虽然马丁的大部分个人物品都在他的房间里，但小偷们还是偷走了他的钱包、背包、靴子和头盔等物品。

“Overall it didn't end up being too bad,” Martin wrote in the caption of the post. “It's unfortunate when people feel the need to do things like this.”

“总的来说，情况还不算太糟，”马丁在帖子的标题中写道。“当有人需要做这种事时，真是悲哀。”

The incident appears to have taken place in Belgium.

这起事件似乎发生在比利时。

Australia's chef de mission Anna Meares said it was unfortunate that the van had been broken into.

澳大利亚代表团团长安娜·米尔斯（Anna Meares）表示，面包车被撬是件不幸的事。

“As you can appreciate, when you're using sporting equipment and potentially you lose it this close to a competition it can be quite stressful, but his bikes are fine,” Meares said.

米尔斯说：“如你所知，当你使用运动器材时，如果在临近比赛时丢失，可能会给你带来相当大的压力，还好他的自行车还在。”

Meares said Martin's team and the Australian Olympic Committee were working to replace the stolen items as quickly as possible.

米尔斯说，马丁的团队和澳大利亚奥委会正努力尽快补上被盗物品。

Martin, who became Australia's first BMX freestyle gold medallist in Tokyo in 2021, left Queensland last week ahead of the start of the Paris Olympics, where he will defend his title after a disappointing performance at the qualifiers in Budapest.

马丁于2021年在东京奥运会上成为澳大利亚首位自由式小轮车金牌得主，上周他从昆士兰出发，前往巴黎参加奥运会。在布达佩斯资格赛中表现不佳后，他将在巴黎奥运会上争取卫冕。

The break-in comes less than 48 hours after two members of Nine's Olympics broadcast team were seriously assaulted during an attempted robbery on Monday afternoon, Paris time.

巴黎时间周一下午，澳大利亚媒体九号频道奥运转播团队的两名成员在一起抢劫未遂事件中遭到严重袭击。事件发生还不到48小时，就再次发生了此次澳大利亚奥运金牌得主被盗事件。

The tech workers were walking back to their accommodation on the outskirts of Paris when a group of people attempted to snatch one of their bags and attacked the pair.

当时，两名技术人员正走在返回巴黎郊区住宿地的路上，一群人试图抢走他们的一个包，并袭击了他们。

Authorities will deploy some 45,000 police and security forces, 20,000 private security staff, and 15,000 military personnel each day to protect the Olympics, which are expected to attract millions of visitors.

法国政府每天将部署约45,000名警察和安保部队、20,000名私人安保人员和15,000名军人，以保障奥运会顺利进行。此次奥运会预计将吸引数百万游客。

20240727巴黎奥运会开幕式，你觉得怎么样？

Paris dazzles with rainy Olympics opening ceremony on Seine River

From: VOA

A hot-air balloon brought an Olympic ring of fire into a rainy sky and singer Celine Dion belted from the Eiffel Tower as Paris kicked off its first Summer Olympics in a century Friday, with a four-hour-long, rule-breaking opening ceremony that unfurled along the Seine River.

周五，热气球带着奥运火环升至阴雨空中，歌手席琳·迪翁（Celine Dion）在埃菲尔铁塔上高歌，巴黎拉开了一个世纪以来首届夏季奥运会的大幕。在塞纳河沿岸举行的开幕式长达四小时，别开生面。

On-and-off showers did not seem to dampen the enthusiasm of the athletes. Some held umbrellas as they rode boats down the river in a showcase of the city's resilience as authorities investigated suspected acts of sabotage targeting France's high-speed rail network.

时断时续的阵雨似乎并没有浇灭运动员们的热情。在当局调查针对法国高速铁路网的疑似破坏行为时，一些运动员撑着雨伞乘船沿河而下，展示了这座城市的韧性。

With the ambitious ceremony, the stakes for France were immense. Dozens of heads of state and government were in town, and the world was watching as Paris turned itself into an open-air theater. Along the Seine, iconic monuments became stages for dancers, singers and other artists.

这场雄心勃勃的开幕式对法国来说意义重大。数十位国家元首和政府首脑齐聚巴黎，全世界都在看着巴黎成为一个巨大的露天剧院。沿着塞纳河，著名的标志物和场地成为舞者、歌手和其他艺术家的舞台。

That included the Louvre Museum, near where French judo champ Teddy Riner and three-time Olympic champion runner Marie-Jose Perec lit the Olympic cauldron, which was attached to a giant balloon that floated into the night — an homage to early French pioneers of manned flight.

在卢浮宫博物馆前，法国柔道冠军特迪·里内（Teddy Riner）和三块奥运会金牌得主、田径运动员玛丽-若泽·佩雷克（Marie-Jose Perec）点燃了奥运主火炬。火炬台连接着一个巨大的热气球，飘入夜幕之中，以此向法国早期载人飞行先驱致敬。

Despite the weather, crowds crammed the Seine's banks and bridges and watched from balconies, "oohing" and "aahing" as Olympic teams paraded in boats down the waterway that got increasingly choppy.

尽管天气不好，人群还是挤满了塞纳河两岸和桥梁，还有人聚集在阳台上观看。人们发出阵阵惊叹和喝彩声。运动员们乘船沿着水道游行，水浪也越来越大。

Many of the hundreds of thousands of spectators huddled under umbrellas, plastic ponchos or jackets as the rain intensified, others danced and sang, and some dashed from their seats for shelter.

雨越下越大，数十万观众中，许多人撑着伞、披着塑料雨衣或穿着外套，一些人则载歌载舞，还有人从座位上跑到避雨处。

The weather made for some bizarre scenes at the show combining prerecorded and live performances: a stiff upper-lipped pianist played on even as small puddles formed on his grand piano. A breakdancer flipped her moves on the sheen of a rain-drenched platform. Some athletes in Bermuda-style colorful shirts looked dressed for the beach, not a deluge.

由于天气原因，演出中出现了一些怪异场景，开幕式包括预先录制的表演和现场表演：泰然自若的钢琴家在三角钢琴上面出现小水坑的时候仍在坚持演奏。一名霹雳舞者在被雨水浸透的平台上翻转着她的舞步。一些运动员穿着百慕大风格的彩色衬衫，看上去更像是要去海滩，而不应该是在瓢泼大雨中的穿着。

Organizers said the weather forced them to scrap some elements of the show considered too dangerous in the slippery conditions.

组织者表示，天气原因不得不取消一些在湿滑条件下过于危险的表演元素。

Still, as global audiences tuned in, Paris put its best foot forward.

尽管如此，在全球观众的关注下，巴黎还是展示了其最精彩的一面。

Lady Gaga sang in French in a prerecorded bit, with dancers shaking pink plumed pompoms, injecting a cabaret feel. On the Eiffel Tower, Dion closed the show with her first live performance since the French-Canadian singer was diagnosed stiff person syndrome, a rare neurological disorder, at the end of 2022.

Lady Gaga在预先录制的片段中用法语演唱，舞者摇动着粉红色羽毛绒球，为现场注入了卡巴莱歌舞表演的氛围。在埃菲尔铁塔上，席琳·迪翁为演出画上了句号，这是她自2022年底被诊断出患有僵人综合征（一种罕见的神经系统疾病）以来的首次现场表演。

More than three hours into the show, French President Emmanuel Macron declared the Games open. In a gaffe before that, the five-ring Olympic flag was raised upside down at the Trocadero across from the Eiffel Tower.

演出开始三个多小时后，法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙（Emmanuel Macron）宣布奥运会开幕。而在此之前发生了一次失误，奥林匹克运动会会旗在埃菲尔铁塔对面的特罗卡德罗广场被倒挂着升起。

In some memorable moments, French-Malian pop star Aya Nakamura, the most listened-to French-speaking artist in the world, emerged from a pyrotechnic display in an all-gold outfit to sing her hit Djadja accompanied by a Republican guard band of the French army.

还有一些令人难忘的时刻，全球最受欢迎的法语歌手、法籍马里流行歌星中村阿雅（Aya Nakamura）身穿全金色服装，从烟火表演中现身，在法国共和国卫队交响乐团的伴奏下演唱了她的热门歌曲《Djadja》。

The ceremony celebrated women, including 10 golden statues of female pioneers that rose from giant pedestals along the river.

开幕式上还弘扬了女性主义，10座女性先驱金色雕像从河边的巨型基座上缓缓升起。

20240728巴黎停电？

Paris is hit by a 'power blackout', claim social media users - a day after city was battered by rain and transport system was brought to its knees by protesters

From: Daily Mail

Social media users have claimed Paris has been hit by a power outage - but nothing has been confirmed.

社交媒体用户称，巴黎遭遇停电，但尚未得到证实。

Several users took to X (formerly Twitter) posting videos and pictures of the city suggesting Paris had been left in darkness after a supposed 'blackout'.

一些用户在X（原推特）上发布视频和图片，称巴黎因所谓的“停电”后陷入一片黑暗。

However there has been doubt cast over these videos allegedly showing the French capital in darkness.

然而，这些显示法国首都一片漆黑的视频真实性受到质疑。

The rumoured outage comes as the 2024 Olympics endured a turbulent start including travel chaos as trains were brought to a halt amid a 'massive arson attack'.

传闻中的停电事件发生在2024年奥运会刚刚开始之时，巴黎遭遇了一系列动荡事件，包括因“大规模纵火袭击”导致火车停运而造成的交通混乱。

Heavy showers battering the city also wreaked havoc, forcing several sporting events to be postponed - while Friday night's opening ceremony received heavy criticism.

强降雨也给这座城市造成了严重破坏，迫使多项体育赛事被迫推迟，而周五晚上的开幕式则受到了猛烈批评。

Top tennis stars including Novak Djokovic and Carlos Alcaraz had their games held up as many matches were washed out and delayed on Friday.

周五，许多比赛因大雨被取消和推迟，顶级网球明星诺瓦克·德约科维奇（Novak Djokovic）和卡洛斯·阿尔卡拉斯（Carlos Alcaraz）的比赛也受到了影响。

The men's street skateboarding competition was also postponed and rescheduled for Monday as the grounds were waterlogged.

由于场地积水，男子街头滑板比赛也被推迟至周一举行。

The latest rainfall led to the reappearance of masses of brollies and rain ponchos and long lines outside Olympic stadia.

最近的降雨使得观众纷纷撑起雨伞，穿上雨披，奥运场馆外也排起了长队。

One fan Marc Hobes, 25, from Paris, said: 'This is not typical weather. For a tennis fan like me, this is very bad luck and also for Paris.

来自巴黎的25岁球迷马克·霍贝斯（Marc Hobes）说：“这不是常见的天气。对于像我这样的网球迷来说，运气非常不好，对巴黎来说也是如此。”

'We want to show off the Olympics to the world in one of the best cities, but the rain spoiled the opening ceremony and now the sport.

“我们希望在最好的城市之一向全世界展示奥运会，但这场雨破坏了开幕式，现在又影响了赛事。”

'But I was at Wimbledon last month and the rain was there too. So it is not just Paris.'

“但我上个月去了温布尔登，那里也下雨了。所以这不仅仅是巴黎的问题。”

Debbie Lyons, 42, from Wembley who was with her French partner Pierre, said: 'We moan about the weather back at home and now the French might understand why we are miserable most summers.

42岁的黛比·莱昂斯（Debbie Lyons）来自英国伦敦温布利（Wembley），她和她的法国伴侣皮埃尔（Pierre）在一起，她说：“我们在国内总是抱怨天气不好，现在法国人可能会理解为什么我们的夏天总是很糟糕。”

'Pierre and me are going to Nice tomorrow. The sun should be out there.'

“皮埃尔和我明天要去法国东南部城市尼斯（Nice）。那里应该会有太阳。”

The poor weather also caused issues for athletes in the women's cycling, with several competitors crashing on the capital's rain-soaked streets during the time trial.

糟糕的天气也对女子自行车比赛运动员造成了影响。在计时赛中，几名选手在雨水浸湿的巴黎街道上发生了事故。

Thousands have taken to X (formerly Twitter) sharing #boycottOlympics and #boycottParis2024, which has been trending throughout the day.

成千上万人在X（原Twitter）上分享 #抵制奥运 和 #抵制巴黎2024 的话题，这两个话题全天都处于热搜榜。

In particular, the appearance of a 'naked blue man' among a scene likened to the Last Supper angered many watching including Christians.

特别是一个“裸体蓝人”在类似《最后的晚餐》的场景中出现，激怒了包括基督徒在内的许多观众。

One wrote: 'What a disgraceful opening to the 2024 Olympics #BoycottOlympics.'

一位用户写道：“2024年奥运会开幕式真是令人羞耻 #抵制奥运。”

Another declared they 'didn't even care about the Olympics' but were now '100 per cent boycotting'.

另一位用户宣称他们“根本不在乎奥运会”，但现在“百分之百抵制”。

'Are you serious?!? This is blasphemous and God will not be mocked! #BoycottOlympics.'

“你们是认真的吗？！？这是对上帝的亵渎，上帝不容嘲弄！#抵制奥运。”

'Respect Jesus Christ and reject any mockery of Jesus' Last Supper. Retweet if you stand with #BoycottOlympics.

“尊重耶稣基督，拒绝任何对耶稣《最后的晚餐》的嘲弄。如果你支持 #抵制奥运，请转发。”

'The spectacle was despicable, offensive and extremely vile. #BoycottOlympics #BoycottParis2024.

“这一表演无耻、无礼、极其卑鄙。#抵制奥运 #抵制巴黎2024。”

'Will this be the first Olympics that never was? Who will be the first country brave enough to boycott? Fingers crossed #BoycottOlympics.'

““这会是第一届从未有过的奥运会吗？哪个国家会勇敢地第一个抵制？拭目以待 #抵制奥运。”

Though many took issue with the segment of the ceremony for its perceived mockery of the Last Supper, The Olympic Games' official X account suggested otherwise, labelling the 'naked blue man' an 'interpretation of the Greek God Dionysus'.

尽管许多人对开幕式的这一表演表示不满，认为是对《最后的晚餐》的嘲弄，奥运会官方X账号给出了不同的解释，称“裸体蓝人”是“对希腊酒神狄俄尼索斯的演绎”。

Dionysus is the Greek god of fertility and has no relevance to the Last Supper.

狄俄尼索斯是希腊的丰收之神，与《最后的晚餐》无关。

French actor and singer Phillippe Katerine, who played the controversial part, dismissed critics.

扮演这一争议角色的法国演员和歌手菲利普·卡特琳（Phillippe Katerine）驳斥了批评者的说法。

He told BFM TV: 'It wouldn't be fun if there were no controversy. Wouldn't it be boring if everyone agreed on this planet?'

他告诉BFM电视台：“如果没有争议，那就不好玩了。如果地球上的每个人都意见一致，那岂不是太无聊了？”

20240729法国人天天两眼一睁就是惹韩国人生气

South Koreans slam Games organisers' 'personal grudge' in social media backlash over blunders

From: SCMP

South Koreans social media users have accused the Paris Olympics organisers of discrimination, over what they called a “personal grudge” against the country, after repeated blunders within days of the Games' opening.

韩国社交媒体用户指责巴黎奥运会主办方存在歧视行为，认为他们对韩国有“私人恩怨”，因为奥运会开幕后几天内屡次出现差错。

South Korea were introduced as North Korea at the opening ceremony, after which the name of the country's first gold medallist at the Games was misspelt, leading netizens to criticise organisers for their “disgraceful” mistakes.

在开幕式上，韩国代表团被误称为朝鲜代表团，之后韩国在本届奥运会上首枚金牌得主的名字也被拼错，这导致网友批评巴黎奥运会主办方犯下了“可耻”的错误。

At the opening ceremony on Saturday, as the South Korean delegation rode down the Seine, the in-house announcer referred to the athletes as the “Democratic People's Republic of Korea”, which is North Korea's official name.

周六的开幕式上，当韩国代表团沿塞纳河行进时，现场解说员称他们为“Democratic People's Republic of Korea（朝鲜民主主义人民共和国）”，而这正是朝鲜的官方名称。

The speaker repeated the same introduction for the North Korean team.

随后，解说员在介绍朝鲜代表团时重复了这一称呼。

Mark Adams, spokesman of the International Olympic Committee, said at a press briefing that the error was “clearly deeply regrettable”.

国际奥委会发言人马克·亚当斯（Mark Adams）在新闻发布会上表示，这一错误 “显然令人深感遗憾”。

“We can only apologise, in an evening of so many moving parts, that this mistake was made,” he said.

他说：“在一个有这么多环节的夜晚犯下了这一错误，我们只能表示歉意。”

Committee president Thomas Bach has spoken with South Korea's leader, Yoon Suk-yeol, over the incident and apologised sincerely for the mistake, which was caused by human error, said the committee in a statement on Sunday.

周日，国际奥委会在声明中表示，奥委会主席托马斯·巴赫（Thomas Bach）已就此事与韩国总统尹锡悦（Yoon Suk-yeol）进行了交谈，并对这一人为失误表示诚挚的歉意。

Another incident during the opening ceremony also struck a nerve, with South Korean netizens unhappy with the choice of photo representing the country's delegation on the Olympics' official Instagram page.

开幕式期间的另一事件也引起了韩国网友的不满，他们对奥运会官方Instagram账号上为韩国代表团所选的照片表示不满。

They claimed that organisers deliberately chose a photo that did not show the country's flag properly, while for other delegations, they were clearly displayed.

网友认为，主办方故意选择了一张没有清晰显示韩国国旗的照片，而其他代表团的照片则清晰展示了国旗。

The image chosen for the South Korean team centred on spectators on a bridge and showed the back of its athletes, with the flags out of focus.

该照片以桥上的观众为中心，展示了运动员的背影，国旗失焦。

“Looks like it's a country that discriminates against race. Surely they have clear and well-focused photos,” commented one user in Korean.

“看起来这是一个歧视种族的国家。他们肯定有清晰、对焦准确的照片，”一位用户用韩语评论道。

“So why are they posting this one? Or are there a lot of photographers in Paris who don't know how to focus properly?”

“那他们为什么要发布这张照片？还是巴黎有很多摄影师不知道如何正确对焦？”

Organisers drew the ire of netizens again on Sunday after they misspelt the name of South Korea's first gold medallist.

周日，由于主办方拼错了韩国首枚金牌得主的名字，再次引起了网友的愤怒。

The official Olympics Instagram account posted a photo congratulating fencer Oh Sang-uk for his gold medal win in the men's sabre individual, but wrote his name as Oh Sang-ku in both the English and French captions.

奥运会官方Instagram账号发布了一张照片，祝贺击剑运动员吴尚旭（Oh Sang-uk）获得男子个人佩剑冠军，但在英文和法文文案中都将他的名字拼写成了Oh Sang-ku。

Although the mistake has since been corrected, it still angered South Korean netizens who were growing tired of the continual errors.

尽管这一错误已被更正，但韩国网友仍对此感到愤怒，他们对不断出现的错误已失去了耐心。

“Repeated mistakes like this makes one wonder if France has a personal grudge against South Korea at this point,” commented one user under the post.

一位网友在帖子下评论道：“一错再错，让人怀疑法国是否对韩国怀有私人恩怨。”

“This is disgraceful, disrespectful and disappointing.”

“这真是可耻、无礼且令人失望。”

“It's OH SANG-UK dears, not OH Sang-ku. But blimey you got the part right about him being SOUTH Korean,” another wrote, mockingly.

“亲爱的，他叫OH SANG-UK，不是OH Sang-ku。不过，你至少没把他是韩国人搞错，”另一位用户讽刺地写道。

20240730曾强奸12岁女孩奥运选手首秀遭嘘

Why the Netherlands seems unfazed by sending a child rapist to the Olympics

From: The Guardian

For weeks now, controversy has surrounded the Dutch beach volleyball player Steven van de Velde, who was sentenced to four years in prison in England in 2016 for raping a 12-year-old girl when he was 19. He has served his time and openly expressed regret for what he called “the biggest mistake of my life”. But is that enough for him to be allowed to represent the Netherlands at the Olympic Games, a contest in which participants are also expected to serve as role models?

几周以来，荷兰沙滩排球运动员史蒂文·范德费尔德（Steven van de Velde）一直饱受争议。2016年，19岁的他因强奸一名12岁女孩在英国被判入狱四年。范德费尔德已服刑完毕，并公开对自己所谓的“人生中最大的错误”表示后悔。但这是否足以让他有资格代表荷兰参加奥运会，成为榜样呢？

International media and support groups for victims of sexual violence certainly do not think so. Many condemned the decision to let Van de Velde play, and even called on the International Olympic Committee to investigate how he had been allowed to compete.

国际媒体和性暴力受害者支持团体显然不这么认为。许多人谴责允许范德费尔德参赛的决定，甚至呼吁国际奥委会调查是如何允许他参赛的。

Remarkably, in the Netherlands itself, the case has not caused much commotion. The news hasn't made the front pages and there were no columnists or opinion-makers expressing astonishment or indignation.

令人惊讶的是，在荷兰国内，这一事件并未引起太多关注。新闻未登上头版，也没有专栏作家或意见领袖表示震惊或愤怒。

Last week, the Team Netherlands chef de mission, Pieter van den Hoogenband, expressed mild surprise at the timing of the uproar, pointing out that Van de Velde had already returned to international sports in 2017, and played in European and World championships. The Netherlands' Olympic committee, which selected Van de Velde, said in a statement that he had served his sentence, completed an extensive rehabilitation programme and experts had concluded there was no risk of him reoffending. The volleyball player had shown that he had “grown and positively changed his life”, it said.

上周，荷兰代表团团长皮尔特·范登霍根班德（Pieter van den Hoogenband）对这一风波所发生的时机表示有点惊讶，他指出范德费尔德已在2017年重返国际赛场，并参加了欧洲和世界锦标赛。选中范德费尔德参赛的荷兰奥委会在声明中表示，范德费尔德已服刑，参加了全面的改过自新项目，专家认为他没有再犯罪的风险。声明中表示，这位沙滩排球运动员已经“成长了，并积极地改变自己的生活”。

But why the muted reaction in the Netherlands? One legal distinction is that Van de Velde is unlikely to have been convicted of rape had he stood trial in the Netherlands rather than England. In England, sex with a 12-year-old is rape, regardless of the circumstances: an under-16 cannot legally consent. But after he was extradited to the Netherlands, having serving almost a year of his prison sentence, he was released after less than a month. Under Dutch law, his crime was deemed to be the lesser offence of ontucht, sexual acts that violate social-ethical norms.

但为什么荷兰的反应如此平淡呢？法律上的一个区别是，如果范德费尔德在荷兰而不是英国受审，他不太可能被判犯有强奸罪。在英国，无论在什么情况下，与12岁的孩子发生性关系都属于强奸：对于未满16岁的孩子，法律上不存在同意的概念（任何形式的性关系都视为非法）。但他在服刑近一年被引渡回荷兰后，不到一个月就被释放了。根据荷兰法律，他的罪行被视为情节较轻的ontucht罪，即违反社会伦理规范的性行为。

On social media, there are of course Dutch people arguing that Van de Velde should not compete, with others going much further in their imagined punishments. There are also those, such as the court reporter Chris Klomp, who have argued that he is not the “sex monster” or “groomer” he has been made out to be in some English-language media.

在社交媒体上，当然有荷兰人认为范德费尔德不应该参加比赛，还有人提出更为严厉的惩罚措施。也有一些人，比如法庭记者克里斯·克洛姆普（Chris Klomp），认为范德费尔德并不是一些英文媒体所说的“性变态”或“诱奸者”。

Klomp, along with the Dutch sports authorities and many other Dutch people, believes that now that Van de Velde has served his sentence and publicly expressed remorse, he is “of course free to move on with his life”.

克洛姆普、荷兰体育部门以及许多荷兰人都认为，既然范德费尔德已服刑并公开表达了悔意，他“当然可以自由地继续自己的生活”。

But there is a difference between moving on with one's life and representing your country at the most prestigious sporting event in the world, where you are also supposed to set an example. Which raises the question: what message does the Netherlands send to the world by allowing itself to be represented by a man convicted of a sexual offence? It is obvious that not much thought has been given to how this might affect victims of sexual abuse.

但是，继续自己的生活与在世界上最负盛名的体育赛事上代表自己的国家参赛、树立榜样之间是有区别的。这就提出了一个问题：荷兰允许一个被判犯有性犯罪的人代表自己，向世界传递了什么信息？显然，荷兰并没有过多地考虑这可能会对性犯罪受害者产生怎样的影响。

Because there is another, even more critical question: How does all of this impact the woman involved? Van de Velde has picked up the pieces of his life, but for victims of sexual abuse it is very difficult to do the same. It must be hard for her to relive everything that happened, through Van de Velde's participation in the Olympic Games and all the conversation around it.

因为还有另一个更为关键的问题：这一切对涉案女子有何影响？范德费尔德已重新开始了自己的生活，但对于性犯罪受害者来说，要做到这一点是非常困难的。因范德费尔德参加奥运会以及围绕这一事件的所有讨论，她不得不再次回忆起所发生的一切，这对她来说一定非常痛苦。

20240731王楚钦回应爆冷出局：换球拍不是输球的理由

Table Tennis-China gold medalist Wang's joy cut short by paparazzi paddle accident

From: Reuters

China's 24-year-old table tennis player Wang Chuqin was overjoyed after securing his first Olympic gold medal alongside teammate Sun Yingsha on Tuesday.

周二，中国24岁的乒乓球运动员王楚钦与队友孙颖莎一同获得了他的首枚奥运金牌，这让他欣喜若狂。

But his elation soon turned to disbelief, anger and frustration when he discovered that his paddle - crucial for his singles and team events - had been damaged by excited photographers rushing to capture the moment.

然而，他的喜悦很快变成了难以置信、愤怒和沮丧，因为他发现自己的球拍被激动的摄影师在争相拍照时踩坏了，而球拍对他参加单打和团体赛至关重要。

Visibly upset, Wang tried to ask for an explanation. His coach tried to hug him in an effort to console him and ask him to stay calm.

王楚钦显然很不高兴，他试图寻求解释。他的教练试图拥抱他，安慰他，让他保持冷静。

Wang soon regained his composure despite the setback.

尽管遭遇挫折，但王楚钦很快恢复了平静。

"They didn't do it on purpose. Since it already happened, there is nothing much I can do about it. I will try to play well with my backup paddle," Wang said, still visibly affected by the incident. "Maybe this is fate."

“（可能）他们也是无意的，但是事情发生了，这也是没有办法的，拿着副板依旧可以去很好地打比赛，”王楚钦说，他仍然明显受到了该事件的影响。“也许这就是天意。”

The duo, who have now claimed the mixed doubles gold medal that China missed out on in Tokyo, are among the most popular athletes in China with a loyal following.

这对组合现在已经夺得了中国队在东京奥运会错失的混双金牌，他们是中国最受欢迎的运动员之一，拥有众多忠实粉丝。

Many fans expressed anger towards the photographers on China's social media Weibo.

许多粉丝在中国社交媒体微博上表达了对摄影师的愤怒。

With little time to celebrate their victory, Wang is set to face Swedish player Truls Moregard in the men's singles round of 32 on Wednesday and will compete against India in the team event starting Aug. 6.

王楚钦没有太多时间庆祝胜利，他将在周三的男单32强比赛中迎战瑞典选手特鲁尔斯·莫雷加德（Truls Moregard），并将在8月6日开始的团体赛中对阵印度。

From qualifications to their second-place finish at the Paris Olympics, North Korea's Ri Jong Sik and Kim Kum Yong have emerged as the dark horse, bringing home a silver medal for a country that missed the past two Games.

从资格赛到巴黎奥运会亚军，朝鲜的李正植和金琴英成为“黑马”脱颖而出，为缺席了东京奥运会和北京冬奥会的朝鲜带回了一枚银牌。

The two first-time Olympians defeated the second, eighth, and fourth seeds over the past three days before coming up short against the world number one duo, China's Wang Chuqin and Sun Yingsha, in the mixed doubles final with a score of 4-2 on Tuesday.

这两位首次参加奥运会的选手在过去三天内击败了二号、八号和四号种子选手，然后在周二的混双决赛中以2-4的比分不敌世界排名第一的中国组合王楚钦和孙颖莎。

By staying under the radar and participating in few international competitions, Ri and Kim have made it difficult for opponents to study and prepare for them. Many attribute their success to top-notch skills and Kim's unconventional choice of rubber on her paddle.

李正植和金琴英一直很低调，也很少参加国际比赛，这让对手很难对他们进行研究和准备。许多人将他们的成功归功于高超的球技以及金琴英选用了非常规的球拍胶皮。

After long avoiding media interviews, the duo finally answered a few questions briefly at the press conference for medallists. They said they have been in contact with the Chinese team and that they train in their own country. Despite few words to share with the world, their ambition remains evident.

两人一直回避媒体采访，终于在奖牌获得者新闻发布会上简短地回答了几个问题。他们说，他们与中国队有交流，是在自己的国家进行训练。尽管他们没有说太多话，但他们的雄心壮志显而易见。

"We prepared a lot for the Olympics. We had a good performance but there are some regrets," said Kim. "We'll do better next time to win the gold."

“我们为奥运会做了很多准备。发挥还可以，但也有一些遗憾，”金琴英说。“下次我们会做得更好，争取赢得金牌。”

The diminutive Kim uses a less common bat among professional athletes. The backside of her paddle is fitted with long pimpled rubber, which caught many top players off guard.

身材娇小的金琴英选用了一种在职业运动员中并不常见的球拍。反手长胶，这让许多顶尖选手措手不及。

"Her serve gave me a lot of trouble. Some of them looked easy, but I missed them. The rubber she uses is very unusual among female players and almost nonexistent among male players," said Swedish player Kristian Karlsson, who lost to the pair in the quarter-finals.

“她的发球让我很头疼。有些球看起来很容易接，但我还是没接住。她使用的胶皮在女选手中非常少见，在男选手中几乎没有。”在四分之一决赛中输给这对组合的瑞典选手克里斯蒂安·卡尔森（Kristian Karlsson）说。

Little information is available about Kim Kum Yong, 22, and Ri Jong Sik, 24. As the lowest-ranked of 16 teams in the competition, they first knocked out defending Olympic champions Japan.

关于22岁的金琴英和24岁的李正植的信息很少。作为16支参赛队中排名最低的队伍，他们首先淘汰了奥运会卫冕冠军日本队。